Counselling in Brunswick, VIC

Photo of Lindsay Thomas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brunswick, VIC
Lindsay Thomas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
My name is Lindsay, I have over 20 years experience working with people who have experienced abuse and trauma.
My name is Lindsay, I have over 20 years experience working with people who have experienced abuse and trauma.
(03) 8338 4847 View (03) 8338 4847
Photo of Cassia Kelsall, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brunswick, VIC
Cassia Kelsall
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
I am an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker (AMHSW) with post graduate qualifications in Narrative Therapy. I have worked as a counsellor for over 13 years and have worked with multiple themes and client groups, including family violence, complex trauma, grief and loss, family and social relationships, and life transitions. My work is trauma informed and uses a range of modalities including Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Internal Family Systems. I am committed to developing and maintaining a non-judgmental, safe and trusting therapeutic relationship.
I am an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker (AMHSW) with post graduate qualifications in Narrative Therapy. I have worked as a counsellor for over 13 years and have worked with multiple themes and client groups, including family violence, complex trauma, grief and loss, family and social relationships, and life transitions. My work is trauma informed and uses a range of modalities including Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Internal Family Systems. I am committed to developing and maintaining a non-judgmental, safe and trusting therapeutic relationship.
(03) 7003 2755 View (03) 7003 2755
Photo of Kimera Morgan, Counsellor in Brunswick, VIC
Kimera Morgan
Counsellor, MSc, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056  (Online Only)
Kimera is a registered counsellor and EMDR Practitioner who recognises that emotional and mental wellbeing are connected to various aspects of life including the quality of relationships, satisfaction experienced in work life, physical health, the dreams we have for our lives, and the self-belief to implement desired changes. In her work, Kimera takes a broader view, recognising the impact of capitalism, patriarchy, marginalisation, and how the social pressure of needing to do and be more, can impact mental health. Therefore, she values interconnectedness, compassion, acceptance, and nonjudgement in her therapeutic practice.
Kimera is a registered counsellor and EMDR Practitioner who recognises that emotional and mental wellbeing are connected to various aspects of life including the quality of relationships, satisfaction experienced in work life, physical health, the dreams we have for our lives, and the self-belief to implement desired changes. In her work, Kimera takes a broader view, recognising the impact of capitalism, patriarchy, marginalisation, and how the social pressure of needing to do and be more, can impact mental health. Therefore, she values interconnectedness, compassion, acceptance, and nonjudgement in her therapeutic practice.
(03) 7003 2909 View (03) 7003 2909
Photo of Darian Winspear, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Darian Winspear
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
Hi, I'm Darian! I bring a warm, genuine, and empathetic approach to therapy. It's important to me to take time to develop a trusting and supportive therapeutic dynamic. I provide therapy and autism assessment services. I place an emphasis on working collaboratively and will work with you to help you achieve your desired goals, develop personal insights, and provide strategies and support to help you manage your mental health issues. I am LGBTIQA+ inclusive, neurodiversity affirming, culturally sensitive, and trauma informed. My website is www.moodpsychology.com.au
Hi, I'm Darian! I bring a warm, genuine, and empathetic approach to therapy. It's important to me to take time to develop a trusting and supportive therapeutic dynamic. I provide therapy and autism assessment services. I place an emphasis on working collaboratively and will work with you to help you achieve your desired goals, develop personal insights, and provide strategies and support to help you manage your mental health issues. I am LGBTIQA+ inclusive, neurodiversity affirming, culturally sensitive, and trauma informed. My website is www.moodpsychology.com.au
(03) 8338 4670 View (03) 8338 4670
Photo of Donika Fazliu, Counsellor in Brunswick, VIC
Donika Fazliu
Counsellor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brunswick, VIC 3056
Welcome, I’m Don. I am an Arts psychotherapist and community facilitator. I assist individuals experiencing social, emotional, mental and identity changes and challenges. I encourage individuals to explore their lived experiences safely and move through to new knowings and ways of being in the world.
Welcome, I’m Don. I am an Arts psychotherapist and community facilitator. I assist individuals experiencing social, emotional, mental and identity changes and challenges. I encourage individuals to explore their lived experiences safely and move through to new knowings and ways of being in the world.
(02) 9100 0108 View (02) 9100 0108
Photo of Andrea Larkins Psychology, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Andrea Larkins Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
I am a Counselling Psychologist with 20 years of experience providing therapy to adults of all ages from a diverse range of backgrounds. I am highly experienced in helping people with a wide range of emotional and interpersonal difficulties. I have a particular interest in helping people to develop a better understanding of themselves and of the barriers holding them back from greater fulfilment in life. In addition I help people to develop a better understanding of their difficulties in their relationships with others and to improve their relationship with themselves. To find out more: www.andrealarkinspsychology.com.au
I am a Counselling Psychologist with 20 years of experience providing therapy to adults of all ages from a diverse range of backgrounds. I am highly experienced in helping people with a wide range of emotional and interpersonal difficulties. I have a particular interest in helping people to develop a better understanding of themselves and of the barriers holding them back from greater fulfilment in life. In addition I help people to develop a better understanding of their difficulties in their relationships with others and to improve their relationship with themselves. To find out more: www.andrealarkinspsychology.com.au
(03) 9111 2688 View (03) 9111 2688
Photo of Jayne Glover - Elysium Psychology in Brunswick, VIC
Jayne Glover - Elysium Psychology
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
Call Elysium Psychology today on 0491 709 555 - Jayne (she/her) believes connection, understanding and collaboration between herself and her clients is central to facilitating change and growth. She is passionate about building a strong, trusting therapeutic relationship, where clients feel safe and supported to disclose information, reflect upon experiences and work towards goals. Jayne has worked with clients in forensic, mental health and alcohol and other drug services. She recognises the importance of tailoring approaches and interventions to best suit the client.
Call Elysium Psychology today on 0491 709 555 - Jayne (she/her) believes connection, understanding and collaboration between herself and her clients is central to facilitating change and growth. She is passionate about building a strong, trusting therapeutic relationship, where clients feel safe and supported to disclose information, reflect upon experiences and work towards goals. Jayne has worked with clients in forensic, mental health and alcohol and other drug services. She recognises the importance of tailoring approaches and interventions to best suit the client.
(03) 9994 1703 View (03) 9994 1703
Photo of Yukti Prakash Mehta, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Yukti Prakash Mehta
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
I am passionate about providing holistic care that combines evidence-based treatments and respecting the lived experiences of clients presenting with eating disorders, poor body image, personality disorder, anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, low self-worth, as well as school and work-related stress.
I am passionate about providing holistic care that combines evidence-based treatments and respecting the lived experiences of clients presenting with eating disorders, poor body image, personality disorder, anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, low self-worth, as well as school and work-related stress.
(03) 7003 2138 View (03) 7003 2138
Photo of Manolis Lamnatos - Elysium Psychology, Counsellor in Brunswick, VIC
Manolis Lamnatos - Elysium Psychology
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
Call Elysium Psychology today on 0491 709 555 - Manoli (he/ him) is a registered and accredited Counsellor with the Australian Counselling Association His ability to actively listen in an empathic and non-judgemental manner supports his person-centred approach in building therapeutic relationships. He is capable and competent to support the mental health needs of clients who may be experiencing Anxiety or Depression. Manoli has a particular interest in working with individuals and couples regarding relationships. He is trained in the Gottmann Method Couples Therapy.
Call Elysium Psychology today on 0491 709 555 - Manoli (he/ him) is a registered and accredited Counsellor with the Australian Counselling Association His ability to actively listen in an empathic and non-judgemental manner supports his person-centred approach in building therapeutic relationships. He is capable and competent to support the mental health needs of clients who may be experiencing Anxiety or Depression. Manoli has a particular interest in working with individuals and couples regarding relationships. He is trained in the Gottmann Method Couples Therapy.
(03) 7003 2829 View (03) 7003 2829
Photo of Northern Clinical Psychology , Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Northern Clinical Psychology
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056  (Online Only)
Sometimes we don't know exactly what we need help with, but we know something needs to change. You might feel anxious or sad without an obvious explanation; or have a desire to improve your self-esteem, or get over a painful break-up. You may have experienced trauma. Using a collaborative and empathic therapeutic approach grounded in evidence-based practice, I support you to make meaning of the feelings and thoughts that contribute to psychological and emotional distress. We work together to find new, adaptive ways of being that improve your quality of life, create positive coping habits, and break unhelpful relationship patterns.
Sometimes we don't know exactly what we need help with, but we know something needs to change. You might feel anxious or sad without an obvious explanation; or have a desire to improve your self-esteem, or get over a painful break-up. You may have experienced trauma. Using a collaborative and empathic therapeutic approach grounded in evidence-based practice, I support you to make meaning of the feelings and thoughts that contribute to psychological and emotional distress. We work together to find new, adaptive ways of being that improve your quality of life, create positive coping habits, and break unhelpful relationship patterns.
(03) 8338 4169 View (03) 8338 4169
Photo of Dr Melanie Schuijers, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Dr Melanie Schuijers
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
Hi, my name is Melanie. I am a registered clinical psychologist and couples therapist with she/her pronouns working on Wurundjeri land. I completed a Doctor of Psychology (Clinical) and am a member of the APS. I have experience working with a diverse range of people from all walks of life and strive to create a safe and non-judgmental space for all my clients. This is a LGBTQIA+ friendly space and all cultural backrounds are welcome. All relationship structures are also welcome. I offer face-to-face appointments in Brunswick on Wednesdays and Thursdays for couples+.
Hi, my name is Melanie. I am a registered clinical psychologist and couples therapist with she/her pronouns working on Wurundjeri land. I completed a Doctor of Psychology (Clinical) and am a member of the APS. I have experience working with a diverse range of people from all walks of life and strive to create a safe and non-judgmental space for all my clients. This is a LGBTQIA+ friendly space and all cultural backrounds are welcome. All relationship structures are also welcome. I offer face-to-face appointments in Brunswick on Wednesdays and Thursdays for couples+.
View
Photo of Allison Browning, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brunswick, VIC
Allison Browning
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
I'm an accredited Medicare registered therapist (AMHSW) with rebates available. I work with trauma, anxiety, mental health issues, grief and loss. I am highly experienced in the area of complex trauma and have a deep understanding of the ways this impacts everyday life and connections. Around trauma, I work both somatically and with talk therapy. I offer a safe and accepting space for members of the LGBTIQ+ community, providing support and understanding around issues such as coming out, gender identity, dysphoria and exploring sexual orientation. I use evidence-based therapeutic approaches to work in a person-centred holistic way.
I'm an accredited Medicare registered therapist (AMHSW) with rebates available. I work with trauma, anxiety, mental health issues, grief and loss. I am highly experienced in the area of complex trauma and have a deep understanding of the ways this impacts everyday life and connections. Around trauma, I work both somatically and with talk therapy. I offer a safe and accepting space for members of the LGBTIQ+ community, providing support and understanding around issues such as coming out, gender identity, dysphoria and exploring sexual orientation. I use evidence-based therapeutic approaches to work in a person-centred holistic way.
(02) 4504 0207 View (02) 4504 0207
Photo of They/Them/Us Mental Health & Well-Being, Occupational Therapist in Brunswick, VIC
They/Them/Us Mental Health & Well-Being
Occupational Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brunswick, VIC 3056
They/Them/Us Mental Health & Well-Being LGBTQIA+, Neurodivergent and TGS Affirmative Practice (Allies Welcome!) is client centred, culturally inclusive, recovery and strengths based and trauma informed. We provide a non judgemental calm/alert environment to enhance emotional, physical and psychological safety. Increasing your 'Window of Tolerance' to be more present, regulate your emotions and your capacity to process, reflect and communicate yourself during Therapy.
They/Them/Us Mental Health & Well-Being LGBTQIA+, Neurodivergent and TGS Affirmative Practice (Allies Welcome!) is client centred, culturally inclusive, recovery and strengths based and trauma informed. We provide a non judgemental calm/alert environment to enhance emotional, physical and psychological safety. Increasing your 'Window of Tolerance' to be more present, regulate your emotions and your capacity to process, reflect and communicate yourself during Therapy.
(03) 9111 5377 View (03) 9111 5377
Photo of George Phlorides, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
George Phlorides
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brunswick, VIC 3056
George has a warm, relaxed and positive demeanour that supports clients to feel welcomed into a safe, non-judgemental environment. George enjoys working with people of all ages and backgrounds with an interest in helping people with depression and anxiety, relationship difficulties, work and university stress and men’s issues.
George has a warm, relaxed and positive demeanour that supports clients to feel welcomed into a safe, non-judgemental environment. George enjoys working with people of all ages and backgrounds with an interest in helping people with depression and anxiety, relationship difficulties, work and university stress and men’s issues.
(03) 8413 7357 View (03) 8413 7357
Photo of Fran Boyer, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Fran Boyer
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brunswick, VIC 3056
Hello, I’m Fran Boyer, a clinical psychologist dedicated to supporting people to achieve health, meaning and satisfaction in their lives and relationships. I have over a decade of experience working therapeutically with clients in a number of roles and across a various settings. I have a down-to-earth and open manner whilst being focused and direct in my therapeutic work. I understand the courage required to engage in therapy, and I will welcome all parts of you with presence, warmth and compassion.
Hello, I’m Fran Boyer, a clinical psychologist dedicated to supporting people to achieve health, meaning and satisfaction in their lives and relationships. I have over a decade of experience working therapeutically with clients in a number of roles and across a various settings. I have a down-to-earth and open manner whilst being focused and direct in my therapeutic work. I understand the courage required to engage in therapy, and I will welcome all parts of you with presence, warmth and compassion.
(03) 9917 5802 View (03) 9917 5802
Photo of Amy Howell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brunswick, VIC
Amy Howell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brunswick, VIC 3056
I’m Amy, I am an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker. I have been working and volunteering in communities for over 12 years. I am passionate about supporting people to develop a sense of self and a meaningful life. I mostly work with young adults, but I am open to working with all ages. I work alongside people with a thoughtful and empowering style to help people understand the challenges they are facing in the context of their life, and seek to strengthen emotional, social and mental health. I believe that therapy can offer a wonderful platform for self-discovery and personal growth.
I’m Amy, I am an Accredited Mental Health Social Worker. I have been working and volunteering in communities for over 12 years. I am passionate about supporting people to develop a sense of self and a meaningful life. I mostly work with young adults, but I am open to working with all ages. I work alongside people with a thoughtful and empowering style to help people understand the challenges they are facing in the context of their life, and seek to strengthen emotional, social and mental health. I believe that therapy can offer a wonderful platform for self-discovery and personal growth.
(03) 7003 2173 View (03) 7003 2173
Photo of Thomas Reiner, Counsellor in Brunswick, VIC
Thomas Reiner
Counsellor, PhD, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
My counselling approach is person-centred and strength-based. You are invited to speak openly, without being judged or being told what to do. My counselling creates a sounding board for things you might want to talk about and provides a space to explore what you might like to do differently, achieve, or just understand better.
My counselling approach is person-centred and strength-based. You are invited to speak openly, without being judged or being told what to do. My counselling creates a sounding board for things you might want to talk about and provides a space to explore what you might like to do differently, achieve, or just understand better.
(03) 8338 4744 View (03) 8338 4744
Photo of Bree Baker, Counsellor in Brunswick, VIC
Bree Baker
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Brunswick, VIC 3056
During our sessions, I create a safe and supportive space to navigate life's challenges. My approach gently empowers self-understanding and reinforces your self-confidence, my style is both strengths based and process-orient. I offer both in-person sessions in Brunswick, Melbourne as well as online support.
During our sessions, I create a safe and supportive space to navigate life's challenges. My approach gently empowers self-understanding and reinforces your self-confidence, my style is both strengths based and process-orient. I offer both in-person sessions in Brunswick, Melbourne as well as online support.
(03) 8338 4981 View (03) 8338 4981
Photo of Ruby K Swaid, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Ruby K Swaid
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056
In my practice I work with individuals above the age of 17 years, in person or over Telehealth. I have extensive experience working with individuals from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, one of my key strengths is the provision of culturally-sensitive therapy. I am an LGBTQI+ aware and affirmative clinician, a multi-lingual therapist, I am fluent and can provide therapy in English and Arabic. I support people who present with the following: Trauma (PTSD and cPTSD), Anxiety and Depression, Borderline Personality Disorder, Self-Esteem issues, Stress and Burnout, Adjustment to major life transitions, Grief and Loss
In my practice I work with individuals above the age of 17 years, in person or over Telehealth. I have extensive experience working with individuals from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, one of my key strengths is the provision of culturally-sensitive therapy. I am an LGBTQI+ aware and affirmative clinician, a multi-lingual therapist, I am fluent and can provide therapy in English and Arabic. I support people who present with the following: Trauma (PTSD and cPTSD), Anxiety and Depression, Borderline Personality Disorder, Self-Esteem issues, Stress and Burnout, Adjustment to major life transitions, Grief and Loss
(03) 7037 6932 View (03) 7037 6932
Photo of Monique Bricknell, Psychologist in Brunswick, VIC
Monique Bricknell
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Brunswick, VIC 3056  (Online Only)
Hello, my name is Monique (she/her). I am passionate about creating a space that feels safe and supportive for every person. I believe the therapeutic relationship is incredibly important and feel it is a privilege to be a part of someone’s healing journey. I believe in taking a holistic approach to health and wellbeing and I like to consider the influence of the mind-body connection. ​
Hello, my name is Monique (she/her). I am passionate about creating a space that feels safe and supportive for every person. I believe the therapeutic relationship is incredibly important and feel it is a privilege to be a part of someone’s healing journey. I believe in taking a holistic approach to health and wellbeing and I like to consider the influence of the mind-body connection. ​
(03) 7003 2738 View (03) 7003 2738

See more therapy options for Brunswick

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Brunswick, VIC

200+

Average cost per session

$190

Counsellors in Brunswick, VIC who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
86% Depression
80% Self Esteem
80% Stress
77% Relationship Issues
74% Trauma and PTSD
64% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

75% Medicare Rebates
46% Bupa
43% NDIS

How Counsellors in Brunswick, VIC see their clients

88% In Person and Online
12% Online Only

Gender breakdown

68% Female
29% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Brunswick?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.