Therapists in Saint Albans, VT

Photo of Thomas Mock, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, ACSW, BCD
Thomas Mock
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, ACSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Choosing a therapist for yourself or loved one can be a difficult task. A true "Master" of the healing arts is one who has spent years learning, practicing, and refining their skills as a healer. Individuals, couples and families first entering into the therapeutic relationship often feel overwhelmed, confused, anxious and vulnerable. They need to feel safe by knowing that they are truly being heard and respected. They also need to trust that their therapist has sufficient experience to patiently guide them thru the process of self discovery on their path to wellness and feeling whole, perhaps for the first time in their life.
Choosing a therapist for yourself or loved one can be a difficult task. A true "Master" of the healing arts is one who has spent years learning, practicing, and refining their skills as a healer. Individuals, couples and families first entering into the therapeutic relationship often feel overwhelmed, confused, anxious and vulnerable. They need to feel safe by knowing that they are truly being heard and respected. They also need to trust that their therapist has sufficient experience to patiently guide them thru the process of self discovery on their path to wellness and feeling whole, perhaps for the first time in their life.
(802) 278-0404 View (802) 278-0404
Photo of Tayla Smith, Counselor, LCMHC, LPCC
Tayla Smith
Counselor, LCMHC, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
My practice focuses on children, adolescents, and adults based on the behavioral health concerns presented. My goal is to form a counseling relationship that represents a "team effort" in which the counselor and client will work together in order to target the current issue(s), set achievable goals, and develop steps that will enable the desired outcome.
My practice focuses on children, adolescents, and adults based on the behavioral health concerns presented. My goal is to form a counseling relationship that represents a "team effort" in which the counselor and client will work together in order to target the current issue(s), set achievable goals, and develop steps that will enable the desired outcome.
(802) 328-9840 View (802) 328-9840
Photo of Heather Leonard, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, CMHC
Heather Leonard
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, CMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Waitlist for new clients
Loss and trauma come in all shapes and sizes. The death of a loved one, the loss of relationships, traumatic events, and various life changes (even ones that seem to be typical) can lead to feelings of intense sadness, confusion, anger, and anxiety. They can impact our day-to-day functioning, our relationships with others, our jobs, our sleep, and our overall wellbeing. Too often, problems we could manage or avoid in the past become barriers to living quality lives, and we're left feeling hopeless and alone.
Loss and trauma come in all shapes and sizes. The death of a loved one, the loss of relationships, traumatic events, and various life changes (even ones that seem to be typical) can lead to feelings of intense sadness, confusion, anger, and anxiety. They can impact our day-to-day functioning, our relationships with others, our jobs, our sleep, and our overall wellbeing. Too often, problems we could manage or avoid in the past become barriers to living quality lives, and we're left feeling hopeless and alone.
(802) 454-3526 View (802) 454-3526
Photo of Jean-Paul Turpin, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jean-Paul Turpin
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478
I am a student intern participating in field experiences for my master's degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling at Southern New Hampshire University. I am under supervision by Stephanie McCarthy, LICSW at my field site, along with my faculty supervisor, Dr. Sola Kippers. I believe that all individuals have the innate capacity for positive change, and I am ready to guide you in uncovering your strengths and navigating life’s challenges. I am passionate about creating a safe and welcoming environment where growth and emotional well-being are prioritized. I am committed to walking alongside you in your journey of self-discovery.
I am a student intern participating in field experiences for my master's degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling at Southern New Hampshire University. I am under supervision by Stephanie McCarthy, LICSW at my field site, along with my faculty supervisor, Dr. Sola Kippers. I believe that all individuals have the innate capacity for positive change, and I am ready to guide you in uncovering your strengths and navigating life’s challenges. I am passionate about creating a safe and welcoming environment where growth and emotional well-being are prioritized. I am committed to walking alongside you in your journey of self-discovery.
(802) 230-1773 View (802) 230-1773
Photo of Michelle Goodman-Spaulding, Psychologist, MA
Michelle Goodman-Spaulding
Psychologist, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Accepting only online clients at the moment. Reaching out for help is often the hardest part, so good for you for starting the process! It is my goal to understand you as a person first and foremost, which will help me understand how best to help you. I strive to build our therapeutic relationship on compassion, empathy, hard work, humor, and tend do a lot of laughing with my clients.
Accepting only online clients at the moment. Reaching out for help is often the hardest part, so good for you for starting the process! It is my goal to understand you as a person first and foremost, which will help me understand how best to help you. I strive to build our therapeutic relationship on compassion, empathy, hard work, humor, and tend do a lot of laughing with my clients.
(802) 275-5727 View (802) 275-5727
Photo of Deborah F Ketcham, Counselor, MA, LCMHC, RPT-S
Deborah F Ketcham
Counselor, MA, LCMHC, RPT-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
In 20 years of witnessing adults/children within the therapeutic relationship, I am in awe of the strength and resiliency individuals show in the face of truly traumatic events. Over the years, I have built a level of expertise in understanding the role that the transpersonal plays in the healing process. Being a Registered Play Therapist means that I have examined clinically how the story we tell ourselves about an event dictates both the burdens & the strengths we assign to our "self." I welcome you to that process of discovery and healing as we partner on the human journey together.
In 20 years of witnessing adults/children within the therapeutic relationship, I am in awe of the strength and resiliency individuals show in the face of truly traumatic events. Over the years, I have built a level of expertise in understanding the role that the transpersonal plays in the healing process. Being a Registered Play Therapist means that I have examined clinically how the story we tell ourselves about an event dictates both the burdens & the strengths we assign to our "self." I welcome you to that process of discovery and healing as we partner on the human journey together.
(802) 992-8196 View (802) 992-8196
Photo of Angelique T Schultz, Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MS, MA, LADC, LCMHC
Angelique T Schultz
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MS, MA, LADC, LCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Telehealth only! I am a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor and Licensed Alcohol and Drug Counselor. I excel working with clients who desire evidence-based treatments such as DBT and CBT. It is my belief that clients know themselves best and should be in the driver's seat at all times.
Telehealth only! I am a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor and Licensed Alcohol and Drug Counselor. I excel working with clients who desire evidence-based treatments such as DBT and CBT. It is my belief that clients know themselves best and should be in the driver's seat at all times.
(802) 778-9394 View (802) 778-9394
Photo of Jerika Many, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jerika Many
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478
I am here as a support for clients to unload whatever may be going on in their lives. Throughout our therapeutic relationship, we will develop and work towards goals that will essentially lead to living a happier, healthier life, whatever that may look like to each individual client. Feeling comfortable, calm, relaxed and at ease throughout the therapeutic process is very important in session with me as your therapist. More often than not life can become overwhelming and complicated. We as children and adults may benefit from developing skills and implementing those or simply just emptying some of the load of our daily lives.
I am here as a support for clients to unload whatever may be going on in their lives. Throughout our therapeutic relationship, we will develop and work towards goals that will essentially lead to living a happier, healthier life, whatever that may look like to each individual client. Feeling comfortable, calm, relaxed and at ease throughout the therapeutic process is very important in session with me as your therapist. More often than not life can become overwhelming and complicated. We as children and adults may benefit from developing skills and implementing those or simply just emptying some of the load of our daily lives.
(802) 696-6892 View (802) 696-6892
Photo of Heidi L Weaver, Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA
Heidi L Weaver
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Currently Waitlisting new clients. Hi, there! I am interested in building our relationship's foundation on trust. I believe client and therapist relationship is the only way to produce positive outcomes. When this is established, a beautiful environment is formed to which you, the client, may take steps to heal. We will work together as a team to change negative thinking patterns to positive thinking patterns, fill your tool belt with healthy coping mechanisms and ultimately smash your goals of therapy. This is a non judgmental zone, there are no power struggles and you will feel welcomed.
Currently Waitlisting new clients. Hi, there! I am interested in building our relationship's foundation on trust. I believe client and therapist relationship is the only way to produce positive outcomes. When this is established, a beautiful environment is formed to which you, the client, may take steps to heal. We will work together as a team to change negative thinking patterns to positive thinking patterns, fill your tool belt with healthy coping mechanisms and ultimately smash your goals of therapy. This is a non judgmental zone, there are no power struggles and you will feel welcomed.
(802) 357-7213 View (802) 357-7213
Photo of Erin Aliquo Bright Spot Therapy, Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, AAP
Erin Aliquo Bright Spot Therapy
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, AAP
Not Verified Not Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Therapy with me is collaborative- we will work together to accomplish your goals. I pride myself on creating a comfortable, approachable and space for you to process life's challenges. Your time with me is your one hour out of your busy week to slow down, tune everything else out, and focus on your growth. I'll guide you along the way, following a person-centered and strengths-based approach. I combine evidence-based practices with an energetic, inviting and fun dynamic to support you through your journey. Therapy shouldn't be boring, intimidating, awkward or uptight. With me, therapy will be the bright spot of your week!
Therapy with me is collaborative- we will work together to accomplish your goals. I pride myself on creating a comfortable, approachable and space for you to process life's challenges. Your time with me is your one hour out of your busy week to slow down, tune everything else out, and focus on your growth. I'll guide you along the way, following a person-centered and strengths-based approach. I combine evidence-based practices with an energetic, inviting and fun dynamic to support you through your journey. Therapy shouldn't be boring, intimidating, awkward or uptight. With me, therapy will be the bright spot of your week!
(802) 449-0154 View (802) 449-0154
Photo of Trevor Jewett, Counselor, MA, LCMHC, CCTP
Trevor Jewett
Counselor, MA, LCMHC, CCTP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Not accepting new clients
My approach is strengths based and trauma informed. I believe we all have an innate drive to be well. My practice is influenced by polyvagal theory, focusing on the role of the autonomic nervous system on our brain and body and how that impacts our emotions and behaviors. I use education to help people make sense of their experiences and regulation strategies to restore a sense of safety. I find this to help remove barriers that can keep us stuck in states of anxiety, depression, relationship problems and more. Please visit my website for more information.
My approach is strengths based and trauma informed. I believe we all have an innate drive to be well. My practice is influenced by polyvagal theory, focusing on the role of the autonomic nervous system on our brain and body and how that impacts our emotions and behaviors. I use education to help people make sense of their experiences and regulation strategies to restore a sense of safety. I find this to help remove barriers that can keep us stuck in states of anxiety, depression, relationship problems and more. Please visit my website for more information.
(802) 766-1561 View (802) 766-1561
Photo of Ryan C Marshall - Ryan Marshall, Summit Psychotherapy Services LLC, MA
Ryan Marshall, Summit Psychotherapy Services LLC
MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Ideally, I’m looking to connect with a client’s desire to move forward and make change in life and to progress through challenges, as well as through traumas. With older teenagers, adults and parents dialogue is the primary foundation to build a therapeutic relationship. With children, it is my experience being more playful and more body-based is a fun and effective therapeutic relationship.
Ideally, I’m looking to connect with a client’s desire to move forward and make change in life and to progress through challenges, as well as through traumas. With older teenagers, adults and parents dialogue is the primary foundation to build a therapeutic relationship. With children, it is my experience being more playful and more body-based is a fun and effective therapeutic relationship.
(802) 588-8911 View (802) 588-8911
Photo of Alex Lehning, Pre-Licensed Professional
Alex Lehning
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478
If you are navigating depression and/or anxiety, suffering from grief & loss, facing burnout at work or school, concerned about the climate crisis, exploring your identity, or wanting to establish new boundaries/routines – my role is to support your journey so you can live with more authenticity as your full self, in both heart and mind. Perhaps you have tried counseling before, or maybe this is your first time seeking help. Therapy is not a simple process for anyone, yet it can be one of the most meaningful gifts we offer ourselves. I'm glad you are here. My practice is gender & neurodiverse-affirming as well as body positive/HES.
If you are navigating depression and/or anxiety, suffering from grief & loss, facing burnout at work or school, concerned about the climate crisis, exploring your identity, or wanting to establish new boundaries/routines – my role is to support your journey so you can live with more authenticity as your full self, in both heart and mind. Perhaps you have tried counseling before, or maybe this is your first time seeking help. Therapy is not a simple process for anyone, yet it can be one of the most meaningful gifts we offer ourselves. I'm glad you are here. My practice is gender & neurodiverse-affirming as well as body positive/HES.
(802) 729-7227 View (802) 729-7227
Photo of Dianne Vock DuPrat, Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Dianne Vock DuPrat
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Not accepting new clients
Psychotherapy is very rewarding and challenging work. Anyone seeking to make themselves healthier needs to know that and be open to change. Despite how difficult it is to work through the issues that disrupt our lives, the reward is learning that life is a process worth living and improving on a continuous basis. I treat people with trauma issues, depression, anxiety, PTSD, career moves, family issues, OCD, addictive behaviors, relationship problems and interpersonal unhappiness often beginning with providing psycho-educational information such as personal boundaries, basic human rights, safety, and coping and advocacy skills.
Psychotherapy is very rewarding and challenging work. Anyone seeking to make themselves healthier needs to know that and be open to change. Despite how difficult it is to work through the issues that disrupt our lives, the reward is learning that life is a process worth living and improving on a continuous basis. I treat people with trauma issues, depression, anxiety, PTSD, career moves, family issues, OCD, addictive behaviors, relationship problems and interpersonal unhappiness often beginning with providing psycho-educational information such as personal boundaries, basic human rights, safety, and coping and advocacy skills.
(802) 532-4022 View (802) 532-4022
Photo of Morgan E Williams, Psychologist, MA, Clinica, Psych
Morgan E Williams
Psychologist, MA, Clinica, Psych
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478
No Current Availability Welcome! My approach to working with adolescents and adults centers around compassionate interactions to empower individuals to move and grow beyond their current situations. I believe that it is important for everyone to feel responded to and heard. Through the continued development of a strong sense of self, I believe that people possess the skills needed to change their situations. I look forward to sharing my therapeutic philosophy and guiding you to achieve your greatest potential.
No Current Availability Welcome! My approach to working with adolescents and adults centers around compassionate interactions to empower individuals to move and grow beyond their current situations. I believe that it is important for everyone to feel responded to and heard. Through the continued development of a strong sense of self, I believe that people possess the skills needed to change their situations. I look forward to sharing my therapeutic philosophy and guiding you to achieve your greatest potential.
(802) 499-2968 View (802) 499-2968
Photo of Mark Lucas, Registered Psychotherapist, CMHC
Mark Lucas
Registered Psychotherapist, CMHC
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Seeking therapy is a courageous and proactive decision that can lead to profound personal development and mental health improvement. By providing a safe and supportive environment, I aim to help clients explore their inner worlds, address their challenges, and embark on a journey of healing and growth. Together, we can navigate the complexities of life, heal from past traumas, and achieve a more empowered and fulfilling life. I provide EMDR Therapy for trauma recovery to first responders and anyone else who wants to get in touch to start feeling empowered again.
Seeking therapy is a courageous and proactive decision that can lead to profound personal development and mental health improvement. By providing a safe and supportive environment, I aim to help clients explore their inner worlds, address their challenges, and embark on a journey of healing and growth. Together, we can navigate the complexities of life, heal from past traumas, and achieve a more empowered and fulfilling life. I provide EMDR Therapy for trauma recovery to first responders and anyone else who wants to get in touch to start feeling empowered again.
(802) 494-4904 View (802) 494-4904
Photo of Tammie Colburn Consejo, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC, PhD, LLC
Tammie Colburn Consejo
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC, PhD, LLC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Not accepting new clients
Hello! Not accepting new clients at this time. Services available for Psychotherapists: Clinical Supervision (individual and group), Consultations, Trainings and Seminars. Licensure hours and CEU's available for LCMHC, LicSW and LMFT. Supervision and training for supervisors is also available.
Hello! Not accepting new clients at this time. Services available for Psychotherapists: Clinical Supervision (individual and group), Consultations, Trainings and Seminars. Licensure hours and CEU's available for LCMHC, LicSW and LMFT. Supervision and training for supervisors is also available.
(802) 526-8116 View (802) 526-8116
Photo of Gillian J Ireland, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MS, LCMHC
Gillian J Ireland
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MS, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478
My motto is: "LIFE IS AN ADVENTURE". I have worked in the Mental Health field across many settings and with all age groups. As the years pass and my experience deepens, I find that my approach is leaning more and more towards Positive Psychology. While I am skilled and knowledgeable about how to help solve problems, work through issues and reduce symptoms, I also feel that it is my job to help people to access the strengths and assets that they already have or can develop to help them towards healing. I am currently certified as an EMDR Practicioner.
My motto is: "LIFE IS AN ADVENTURE". I have worked in the Mental Health field across many settings and with all age groups. As the years pass and my experience deepens, I find that my approach is leaning more and more towards Positive Psychology. While I am skilled and knowledgeable about how to help solve problems, work through issues and reduce symptoms, I also feel that it is my job to help people to access the strengths and assets that they already have or can develop to help them towards healing. I am currently certified as an EMDR Practicioner.
(802) 327-0087 View (802) 327-0087
Photo of Karen Giroux. Lcmhc Ladc, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC, LADC
Karen Giroux. Lcmhc Ladc
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC, LADC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Trauma informed Mental Health and Addiction Recovery Services. With a focus on post traumatic growth through acknowledging and understanding the impact of trauma/stress on the brain and the nervous system. We can get stuck in negative and destructive thought patterns as a result of these injuries that resonate through our lives. Using a mind/body approach with a person-centered foundation; EMDR; Audio Visual Entrainment therapy; Brainspotting and parts work to begin restoring your sense of self. please use email for any inquiries or referrals
Trauma informed Mental Health and Addiction Recovery Services. With a focus on post traumatic growth through acknowledging and understanding the impact of trauma/stress on the brain and the nervous system. We can get stuck in negative and destructive thought patterns as a result of these injuries that resonate through our lives. Using a mind/body approach with a person-centered foundation; EMDR; Audio Visual Entrainment therapy; Brainspotting and parts work to begin restoring your sense of self. please use email for any inquiries or referrals
(802) 266-4665 View (802) 266-4665
Photo of Christopher Brown, Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Christopher Brown
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Saint Albans, VT 05478
Not accepting new clients
Hello, and welcome! I applaud you for taking the first step to seek support to help you navigate whatever is going on in your life that has landed you here. I fully believe that a supportive counseling relationship is a powerful tool to encourage change and help bring out the skills we have inside ourselves to overcome obstacles and realize our full potential. There is no one-size-fits-all approach to therapy, so I strive to find the right tools and resources to create our path forward. Through collaboration, we will set priorities and goals for our work together.
Hello, and welcome! I applaud you for taking the first step to seek support to help you navigate whatever is going on in your life that has landed you here. I fully believe that a supportive counseling relationship is a powerful tool to encourage change and help bring out the skills we have inside ourselves to overcome obstacles and realize our full potential. There is no one-size-fits-all approach to therapy, so I strive to find the right tools and resources to create our path forward. Through collaboration, we will set priorities and goals for our work together.
(802) 732-9114 View (802) 732-9114
1

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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Saint Albans, VT

60+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Saint Albans, VT who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
87% Depression
75% Self Esteem
71% Grief
71% Trauma and PTSD
70% Stress
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
80% Medicaid
77% MVP Health Care

How Therapists in Saint Albans, VT see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

71% Female
29% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Saint Albans?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.