Trauma and PTSD Therapists in Eugene, OR

Photo of Riisa Humphrey, Professional Counselor Associate in Eugene, OR
Riisa Humphrey
Professional Counselor Associate, MA, NCC, CADC II
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Eugene, OR 97401
I work with individuals struggling with issues of trauma, addictions, and life transitions. Oftentimes, we suffer in silence, not recognizing we deserve to feel better, be better. Some us us struggle with low self-esteem and self-doubt. We self-sabotage because we don't believe we deserve anything different. I'm here to help you get your life more balanced.
I work with individuals struggling with issues of trauma, addictions, and life transitions. Oftentimes, we suffer in silence, not recognizing we deserve to feel better, be better. Some us us struggle with low self-esteem and self-doubt. We self-sabotage because we don't believe we deserve anything different. I'm here to help you get your life more balanced.
(541) 569-4517 View (541) 569-4517
Photo of Maxwell Sears, Licensed Professional Counselor in Eugene, OR
Maxwell Sears
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Eugene, OR 97401
Currently Accepting New Clients: I enjoy working with individuals on a variety of issues. My specialties include a focus on anxiety, addiction and trauma. My work with clients is very solution focused in nature. I aim to utilize the strengths my clients already possess in order to bring progress into all facets of their life. I appreciate the opportunity to join my clients in their change process and look forward to meeting you and answering any questions you may have about my services.
Currently Accepting New Clients: I enjoy working with individuals on a variety of issues. My specialties include a focus on anxiety, addiction and trauma. My work with clients is very solution focused in nature. I aim to utilize the strengths my clients already possess in order to bring progress into all facets of their life. I appreciate the opportunity to join my clients in their change process and look forward to meeting you and answering any questions you may have about my services.
(541) 995-7356 View (541) 995-7356
Photo of Dr. Nikki Chery, Psychologist in Eugene, OR
Dr. Nikki Chery
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Eugene, OR 97401  (Online Only)
I have expertise in the areas of trauma (especially complex and racial trauma), identity, relationships, and family concerns.
Clients describe therapy with me as a warm, caring, authentic space where they can breathe and be their full selves. With specialized training and experience in interpersonal process, attachment, EMDR and multicultural therapy; I use a variety of interventions, tailored to individual Client’s specific needs.
I have expertise in the areas of trauma (especially complex and racial trauma), identity, relationships, and family concerns.
Clients describe therapy with me as a warm, caring, authentic space where they can breathe and be their full selves. With specialized training and experience in interpersonal process, attachment, EMDR and multicultural therapy; I use a variety of interventions, tailored to individual Client’s specific needs.
(458) 203-1538 View (458) 203-1538
Photo of Alani Stuart, Pre-Licensed Professional in Eugene, OR
Alani Stuart
Pre-Licensed Professional, CSWA
Verified Verified
Eugene, OR 97401  (Online Only)
I treat trauma, PTSD, anxiety, depression, pregnancy and postpartum experiences, body image issues, ADHD, and eating disorders.
My treatment orientation is dedicated to helping people process and work through obstacles while developing healthy, productive, and fulfilling lives. I offer supportive, confidential, and individually tailored treatment for adults and teenagers.
I treat trauma, PTSD, anxiety, depression, pregnancy and postpartum experiences, body image issues, ADHD, and eating disorders.
My treatment orientation is dedicated to helping people process and work through obstacles while developing healthy, productive, and fulfilling lives. I offer supportive, confidential, and individually tailored treatment for adults and teenagers.
(541) 588-5155 View (541) 588-5155
Photo of Carissa Visser, Professional Counselor Associate in Eugene, OR
Carissa Visser
Professional Counselor Associate, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
Eugene, OR 97403  (Online Only)
You are not alone. No one goes through life without facing challenges or without suffering. Everyday life often spurs mental health challenges which can weigh us down and make us feel stuck. Chronic anxiety, depression, problematic reactions to trauma, issues in relationships, self-criticism, issues with substances/food, and a host of other common mental health related challenges indicate a need for help. Life transitions and experiences of loss/grief are also times when help is often needed. While no one can escape challenges or suffering, wounds can be healed, and a life centered in solid mental health is possible for everyone.
You are not alone. No one goes through life without facing challenges or without suffering. Everyday life often spurs mental health challenges which can weigh us down and make us feel stuck. Chronic anxiety, depression, problematic reactions to trauma, issues in relationships, self-criticism, issues with substances/food, and a host of other common mental health related challenges indicate a need for help. Life transitions and experiences of loss/grief are also times when help is often needed. While no one can escape challenges or suffering, wounds can be healed, and a life centered in solid mental health is possible for everyone.
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Photo of Molly Gelinas, Professional Counselor Associate in Eugene, OR
Molly Gelinas
Professional Counselor Associate, PCA
Verified Verified
Eugene, OR 97401
Waitlist for new clients
My professional experience is in working with generational trauma, adverse childhood experiences, substance use, eating disorders, life transitions, traumatic brain injury and challenging family dynamics. I am often curious about developmental, environmental, cognitive, and family processes. I use a collaborative approach and am welcoming of all the emotions that we as humans are born with and bring multicultural sensitivity to my work.
My professional experience is in working with generational trauma, adverse childhood experiences, substance use, eating disorders, life transitions, traumatic brain injury and challenging family dynamics. I am often curious about developmental, environmental, cognitive, and family processes. I use a collaborative approach and am welcoming of all the emotions that we as humans are born with and bring multicultural sensitivity to my work.
(458) 231-8373 View (458) 231-8373
Photo of Sandi Goodwin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Eugene, OR
Sandi Goodwin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Eugene, OR 97401
My practice is trauma informed, inclusive of all identities and sensitive to power and privilege differentials.
Hi, I'm Sandi and I have a lot of compassion for individuals who are going through challenging times. My approach is nonjudgmental, warm, and collaborative, with the intention of helping you reconnect with your inner wisdom. I am passionate about working with women at every stage of life, navigating transitions, historical experiences of trauma, addiction or eating issues, parenthood, anxiety or depression. I also have a special place in my practice for those navigating mid-life, which can be a stage of immense potential for healing and self-actualization.
My practice is trauma informed, inclusive of all identities and sensitive to power and privilege differentials.
Hi, I'm Sandi and I have a lot of compassion for individuals who are going through challenging times. My approach is nonjudgmental, warm, and collaborative, with the intention of helping you reconnect with your inner wisdom. I am passionate about working with women at every stage of life, navigating transitions, historical experiences of trauma, addiction or eating issues, parenthood, anxiety or depression. I also have a special place in my practice for those navigating mid-life, which can be a stage of immense potential for healing and self-actualization.
(458) 224-8656 View (458) 224-8656
Photo of Eugene Relationship Counseling, Marriage & Family Therapist in Eugene, OR
Eugene Relationship Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Eugene, OR 97401  (Online Only)
I deal with many kinds of emotional and relational issues, including but not limited to- life changes, compulsiveness, anxiety, depression, trauma, bereavement, intimacy/sexuality, addictions, and midlife crisis .
Asking for help can be a very difficult thing to do. Finding a therapist with whom you feel secure and comfortable can be equally daunting, especially when you are in the midst of emotional and psychological pain. I am invested in cultivating a safe, supportive, and trusting connection intended to improve your choices and enhance your relationships with yourself and others.
I deal with many kinds of emotional and relational issues, including but not limited to- life changes, compulsiveness, anxiety, depression, trauma, bereavement, intimacy/sexuality, addictions, and midlife crisis .
Asking for help can be a very difficult thing to do. Finding a therapist with whom you feel secure and comfortable can be equally daunting, especially when you are in the midst of emotional and psychological pain. I am invested in cultivating a safe, supportive, and trusting connection intended to improve your choices and enhance your relationships with yourself and others.
(541) 526-7634 View (541) 526-7634
Photo of Miranda Brown, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Eugene, OR
Miranda Brown
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Eugene, OR 97401
I strive to create a warm, compassionate, and authentic space to help individuals explore and grow. I am passionate about helping people heal from trauma and face anxiety disorders. Witnessing the resilience of my clients continues to be my greatest reward in this work. I use a person-centered, strengths-based approach to therapy, drawing from several modalities to tailor a unique experience for each client. I use aspects of Acceptance and commitment therapy, DBT, CBT, and solution focused therapies
I strive to create a warm, compassionate, and authentic space to help individuals explore and grow. I am passionate about helping people heal from trauma and face anxiety disorders. Witnessing the resilience of my clients continues to be my greatest reward in this work. I use a person-centered, strengths-based approach to therapy, drawing from several modalities to tailor a unique experience for each client. I use aspects of Acceptance and commitment therapy, DBT, CBT, and solution focused therapies
(458) 204-0208 View (458) 204-0208
Photo of A. Nicole Hajarizadeh, Clinical Social Work Associate in Eugene, OR
A. Nicole Hajarizadeh
Clinical Social Work Associate, MSW, CSWA
Verified Verified
Eugene, OR 97401  (Online Only)
Welcome and I commend you for taking this first step! I love working with people of all ages and utilize relational, humanistic, person-centered, acceptance and commitment therapy, compassion-focused, and mindfulness-based approaches. Although I am trained as a generalist, my areas of practice are trauma related issues, depression, anxiety, racial trauma, childhood/teen issues, and attachment/family of origin issues. Together, we will explore your goals and values while considering places you feel stuck. I would love to support you as you make meaningful changes that feel manageable and life giving.
Welcome and I commend you for taking this first step! I love working with people of all ages and utilize relational, humanistic, person-centered, acceptance and commitment therapy, compassion-focused, and mindfulness-based approaches. Although I am trained as a generalist, my areas of practice are trauma related issues, depression, anxiety, racial trauma, childhood/teen issues, and attachment/family of origin issues. Together, we will explore your goals and values while considering places you feel stuck. I would love to support you as you make meaningful changes that feel manageable and life giving.
(458) 231-8126 View (458) 231-8126
Photo of Heather Swaney, LPC Intern in Eugene, OR
Heather Swaney
LPC Intern, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Eugene, OR 97401
I specialize in Trauma, Childhood and Adult Abuse, Grief/Loss, Depression, LGBTQ++ issues, Anxiety/Panic and Co-Parenting and adults and children diagnosed with Autism.
I believe that each person has a unique story that has been their life and that healing begins by telling and understanding those stories. I believe part of my role as a therapist is to walk side by side in collaboration on this journey. I focus on your strengths and help you find and manifest who you are meant to be through your challenges. I offer a safe, non-judgmental environment to be able to process experiences and events that may be interfering with life, and learn to problem solve and practice tools to cope when triggers arise in an unbiased place.
I specialize in Trauma, Childhood and Adult Abuse, Grief/Loss, Depression, LGBTQ++ issues, Anxiety/Panic and Co-Parenting and adults and children diagnosed with Autism.
I believe that each person has a unique story that has been their life and that healing begins by telling and understanding those stories. I believe part of my role as a therapist is to walk side by side in collaboration on this journey. I focus on your strengths and help you find and manifest who you are meant to be through your challenges. I offer a safe, non-judgmental environment to be able to process experiences and events that may be interfering with life, and learn to problem solve and practice tools to cope when triggers arise in an unbiased place.
(541) 283-0268 View (541) 283-0268
Photo of Brian Hickey, Licensed Professional Counselor in Eugene, OR
Brian Hickey
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Eugene, OR 97401
My clinical practice focuses on adults and adolescents aged 14 and up. I work with a variety of presenting issues but specialize and enjoy working with depression, anxiety, PTSD, healing from historical trauma, couple’s therapy, and helping clients understand the mental health link that is common in people who are experiencing chronic physical pain.
My clinical practice focuses on adults and adolescents aged 14 and up. I work with a variety of presenting issues but specialize and enjoy working with depression, anxiety, PTSD, healing from historical trauma, couple’s therapy, and helping clients understand the mental health link that is common in people who are experiencing chronic physical pain.
(458) 203-1632 View (458) 203-1632
Photo of Lisa Dykstra, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Eugene, OR
Lisa Dykstra
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, CADC-R
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Eugene, OR 97401
Trauma Recovery, Complex PTSD, Dissociative Features, Borderline Personality Disorder, Sexual Exploitation, Intersectionality, Post-Modern, Client-Centered, Valuing Diversity, Sex Positive, Anti-Ableist, Attachment Theory, Internal Family Systems, EMDR, Experiential, Neurobiology of Trauma, Mindfulness, DBT, CBT, Coming soon trauma focused yoga therapy.
When you work with me, you will experience my passion for supporting you, and my commitment to creating a warm, safe, and confidential environment where you can express yourself without fear of judgment. I am here to help you define what it means to be your "authentic" self. I want to help you navigate how to overcome life challenges in order to live the life you truly desire. This is a place to experience respect and compassion and to meet your unique health and wellness needs.
Trauma Recovery, Complex PTSD, Dissociative Features, Borderline Personality Disorder, Sexual Exploitation, Intersectionality, Post-Modern, Client-Centered, Valuing Diversity, Sex Positive, Anti-Ableist, Attachment Theory, Internal Family Systems, EMDR, Experiential, Neurobiology of Trauma, Mindfulness, DBT, CBT, Coming soon trauma focused yoga therapy.
When you work with me, you will experience my passion for supporting you, and my commitment to creating a warm, safe, and confidential environment where you can express yourself without fear of judgment. I am here to help you define what it means to be your "authentic" self. I want to help you navigate how to overcome life challenges in order to live the life you truly desire. This is a place to experience respect and compassion and to meet your unique health and wellness needs.
(541) 275-9258 View (541) 275-9258
Photo of Dr. T. Dawson Woodrum, Psychologist in Eugene, OR
Dr. T. Dawson Woodrum
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Eugene, OR 97401  (Online Only)
These include life transitions (grief, life-threatening health diagnoses, career, retirement), identity (gender, sexuality), relationship discord (family, intimate partners), and trauma (complex and chronic).
Do want to want to live authentically with yourself and others? Has something happened that makes you question your core beliefs and values? My primary goal is to understand you as to want to be understood - without rigid diagnoses or other labels. We will work together to fully understand who you have been, who you are in the present, and who you aspire to be. We will also consider how your current beliefs may be based on long-held assumptions and are no longer your own. Ultimately, good therapy will free up your capacity to consider new choices that are more closely aligned with your own values and goals.
These include life transitions (grief, life-threatening health diagnoses, career, retirement), identity (gender, sexuality), relationship discord (family, intimate partners), and trauma (complex and chronic).
Do want to want to live authentically with yourself and others? Has something happened that makes you question your core beliefs and values? My primary goal is to understand you as to want to be understood - without rigid diagnoses or other labels. We will work together to fully understand who you have been, who you are in the present, and who you aspire to be. We will also consider how your current beliefs may be based on long-held assumptions and are no longer your own. Ultimately, good therapy will free up your capacity to consider new choices that are more closely aligned with your own values and goals.
(541) 920-1595 View (541) 920-1595
Photo of Nicole Canizales, Licensed Professional Counselor in Eugene, OR
Nicole Canizales
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Eugene, OR 97401
I am here to support individuals who have experienced significant trauma and stress. Together, we can navigate the profound changes that impact your world. I understand that in response to trauma, painful coping behaviors can arise as a means of self-preservation or self-protection. I am here to help you navigate through experiences of depression, anxiety, anger, isolation, low self-esteem, and self-sabotage, which may be burdening your relationships, career, home life, and sense of autonomy. My goal is to empower you to move beyond survival and discover your path towards thriving and reclaiming your life.
I am here to support individuals who have experienced significant trauma and stress. Together, we can navigate the profound changes that impact your world. I understand that in response to trauma, painful coping behaviors can arise as a means of self-preservation or self-protection. I am here to help you navigate through experiences of depression, anxiety, anger, isolation, low self-esteem, and self-sabotage, which may be burdening your relationships, career, home life, and sense of autonomy. My goal is to empower you to move beyond survival and discover your path towards thriving and reclaiming your life.
(458) 232-3473 View (458) 232-3473
Photo of Brian Jackson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Eugene, OR
Brian Jackson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Eugene, OR 97401  (Online Only)
I have a passion for working with clients surrounding Depression, Anxiety, OCD, PTSD, Developmental Trauma, & Grief and Loss. ​I believe individuals have the ability to change when given the opportunity. Many of us have learned ways of thinking and doing that seemed to work at the time but have created problems for us later. We then target ourselves, adding a lot of shame regarding the outcomes, which in turn creates more distress. I enjoy helping individuals learn to accept themselves and to work with themselves to heal, rather than continuing to shame themselves.
I have a passion for working with clients surrounding Depression, Anxiety, OCD, PTSD, Developmental Trauma, & Grief and Loss. ​I believe individuals have the ability to change when given the opportunity. Many of us have learned ways of thinking and doing that seemed to work at the time but have created problems for us later. We then target ourselves, adding a lot of shame regarding the outcomes, which in turn creates more distress. I enjoy helping individuals learn to accept themselves and to work with themselves to heal, rather than continuing to shame themselves.
(541) 843-8745 View (541) 843-8745
Photo of Muriell Carlisle - Counseling Oregon Llc, Licensed Professional Counselor in Eugene, OR
Muriell Carlisle - Counseling Oregon Llc
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CHT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Eugene, OR 97408  (Online Only)
I specialize in Anxiety Disorders, Couples Counseling, and Trauma but I also work with many other problems.
What if you could eliminate self-sabotage? What if you could heal your relationship? Imagine if you regained control of your life? At times life can be very challenging...It may feel like you can't catch a break, fighting multiple fronts, nothing is working, you feel emotionally defeated and exhausted. Sometimes, you just want to give up but deep inside a voice tells you YOU CAN'T, you simply can't give up. That's why you're here. I want you to know two things: You are not alone and I'm here to help. I've been helping clients on struggles like this for over 13 years.
I specialize in Anxiety Disorders, Couples Counseling, and Trauma but I also work with many other problems.
What if you could eliminate self-sabotage? What if you could heal your relationship? Imagine if you regained control of your life? At times life can be very challenging...It may feel like you can't catch a break, fighting multiple fronts, nothing is working, you feel emotionally defeated and exhausted. Sometimes, you just want to give up but deep inside a voice tells you YOU CAN'T, you simply can't give up. That's why you're here. I want you to know two things: You are not alone and I'm here to help. I've been helping clients on struggles like this for over 13 years.
(541) 287-7062 View (541) 287-7062
Photo of Paula Dulcé Bloom, Licensed Professional Counselor in Eugene, OR
Paula Dulcé Bloom
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Eugene, OR 97401
Are you struggling with unresolved trauma that is now affecting you in ways you can’t ignore? You may notice that your past trauma is affecting your current life. You may notice that your personal identity, family system, mood, and traumatic experiences all interact. If you're navigating the ways trauma can interact with addiction, mood, relationships, and the corresponding reckless behavior and identity deconstruction that can arise along the journey, I would love to help. I have extensive experience working with addiction and complex trauma and would love to walk alongside you as we take that first step toward healing together.
Are you struggling with unresolved trauma that is now affecting you in ways you can’t ignore? You may notice that your past trauma is affecting your current life. You may notice that your personal identity, family system, mood, and traumatic experiences all interact. If you're navigating the ways trauma can interact with addiction, mood, relationships, and the corresponding reckless behavior and identity deconstruction that can arise along the journey, I would love to help. I have extensive experience working with addiction and complex trauma and would love to walk alongside you as we take that first step toward healing together.
(541) 234-5940 View (541) 234-5940
Photo of Invictus Therapy and Consultation, Psychologist in Eugene, OR
Invictus Therapy and Consultation
Psychologist, PhD, LP, LCSW, MFT, LPC-A
Verified Verified
Eugene, OR 97401
My office has 5 therapists accepting Pacific Source (OHP and Commercial) clients. We have immediate openings for adults and a waitlist for children and teens. We work with individuals, families, and couples of all ages, cultures, and backgrounds. We have training and experience working with individuals with ADHD, grief and loss, DID, psychosis, on the autism spectrum, in foster care, co-parenting, eating disorders, anxiety, depression, PTSD, parenting skills, school problems, defiant behaviors and family reintegration. We have a clinician fluent in Spanish with much experience conducting therapy in Spanish.
My office has 5 therapists accepting Pacific Source (OHP and Commercial) clients. We have immediate openings for adults and a waitlist for children and teens. We work with individuals, families, and couples of all ages, cultures, and backgrounds. We have training and experience working with individuals with ADHD, grief and loss, DID, psychosis, on the autism spectrum, in foster care, co-parenting, eating disorders, anxiety, depression, PTSD, parenting skills, school problems, defiant behaviors and family reintegration. We have a clinician fluent in Spanish with much experience conducting therapy in Spanish.
(458) 209-3144 View (458) 209-3144
Photo of Heather L Johnson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Eugene, OR
Heather L Johnson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Eugene, OR 97405  (Online Only)
I utilize various modalities including psychodynamic, cognitive behavioral, trauma-sensitive, mind-body and solution focused treatments aiming to increase conscious awareness, replace habits that no longer serve the client and practice loving-kindness with self and others.
**ACCEPTING NEW TELE-THERAPY CLIENTS -- INDIVIDUALS AND COUPLES. It takes a lot of courage to admit you need help, but it's the first step. I am excited to work with a vast array of clients to include those in the LGBTQ+/BDSM/Kink/Consensual Non-Monogamy community, veterans, and those with criminal and substance use histories. I work with adults and on a case-by-case basis adolescents aged 15 and up. If you are searching for internal stability and grounding I would love to help facilitate personal growth in a compassionate and safe environment. My goal is to assist you in moving towards self-acceptance and away from shame.
I utilize various modalities including psychodynamic, cognitive behavioral, trauma-sensitive, mind-body and solution focused treatments aiming to increase conscious awareness, replace habits that no longer serve the client and practice loving-kindness with self and others.
**ACCEPTING NEW TELE-THERAPY CLIENTS -- INDIVIDUALS AND COUPLES. It takes a lot of courage to admit you need help, but it's the first step. I am excited to work with a vast array of clients to include those in the LGBTQ+/BDSM/Kink/Consensual Non-Monogamy community, veterans, and those with criminal and substance use histories. I work with adults and on a case-by-case basis adolescents aged 15 and up. If you are searching for internal stability and grounding I would love to help facilitate personal growth in a compassionate and safe environment. My goal is to assist you in moving towards self-acceptance and away from shame.
(407) 305-2912 View (407) 305-2912
Trauma and PTSD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.