Therapists in Santa Rosa, CA

Photo of Angeline Kelly, MA, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Angeline Kelly
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95404
You might know why you’re seeking therapy, or perhaps you’re unsure but sense that something is off. Regardless of the reason that brought you here, you are welcome and deserving of the support you seek. I work with children, adolescents, individuals, couples, and families, meeting them where they are and helping them gain insight into patterns and unconscious beliefs that no longer serve them.
You might know why you’re seeking therapy, or perhaps you’re unsure but sense that something is off. Regardless of the reason that brought you here, you are welcome and deserving of the support you seek. I work with children, adolescents, individuals, couples, and families, meeting them where they are and helping them gain insight into patterns and unconscious beliefs that no longer serve them.
(707) 392-3548 View (707) 392-3548
Photo of Lawrence Stephen Peltz, PhD, MS, MEd, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lawrence Stephen Peltz
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MS, MEd, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95401  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Psychotherapy is about freedom: Freedom from suffering, freedom to improve what is working poorly in one's life and freedom to develop as an authentic human being. It's also about exploration within a relationship where safety and trust are established; feelings are honored; pain is healed. My commitment is to listen carefully, provide support, understand your concerns, help you to gain insight and guide you to identify available options while respecting your right to make your own choices. My style: Engaged and interactive. Capacity for empathy: Substantial. Methodology is always matched to individual, couple and family needs.
Psychotherapy is about freedom: Freedom from suffering, freedom to improve what is working poorly in one's life and freedom to develop as an authentic human being. It's also about exploration within a relationship where safety and trust are established; feelings are honored; pain is healed. My commitment is to listen carefully, provide support, understand your concerns, help you to gain insight and guide you to identify available options while respecting your right to make your own choices. My style: Engaged and interactive. Capacity for empathy: Substantial. Methodology is always matched to individual, couple and family needs.
(707) 529-5139 View (707) 529-5139
Photo of Jean Wedekind, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jean Wedekind
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95404
Do you feel alone, unfulfilled, despairing, angry, thwarted, misunderstood, treated unfairly, timid, overwhelmed, conflicted, unmoored? I have clinical experience working with individuals and couples across the lifespan and currently specialize in working with older adults. I help clients navigate a wide range of issues such as depression, anxiety, relationship issues and major life transitions. I work with you on discovering your power, getting comfortable with your feelings and expressing them. I help you discover how your body informs and guides you. I help you find self-compassion and self-understanding.
Do you feel alone, unfulfilled, despairing, angry, thwarted, misunderstood, treated unfairly, timid, overwhelmed, conflicted, unmoored? I have clinical experience working with individuals and couples across the lifespan and currently specialize in working with older adults. I help clients navigate a wide range of issues such as depression, anxiety, relationship issues and major life transitions. I work with you on discovering your power, getting comfortable with your feelings and expressing them. I help you discover how your body informs and guides you. I help you find self-compassion and self-understanding.
(707) 418-8946 View (707) 418-8946
Photo of Karen E Phillips, PhD, Psychologist
Karen E Phillips
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95401  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Psychologist with more than 30 years of experience working with adults and adolescents. I specialize in trauma-informed brain and body focused psychological treatment, as well as life coaching. In addition to traditional talk psychotherapy and life coaching, I use Brainspotting as a particular method to help clients heal from trauma, improve performance, and expand health and creativity.
I am a Licensed Psychologist with more than 30 years of experience working with adults and adolescents. I specialize in trauma-informed brain and body focused psychological treatment, as well as life coaching. In addition to traditional talk psychotherapy and life coaching, I use Brainspotting as a particular method to help clients heal from trauma, improve performance, and expand health and creativity.
(707) 868-5642 View (707) 868-5642
Photo of Neda Kazemini, Marriage & Family Therapist
Neda Kazemini
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95405  (Online Only)
Hello my name is Neda Kazemini, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have experience in the field treating children, parents, adults, families, and couples. If you or your child is looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging time and would like help moving in a new direction in their life, then I look forward to working with you or your child to reach their new goal.
Hello my name is Neda Kazemini, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have experience in the field treating children, parents, adults, families, and couples. If you or your child is looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging time and would like help moving in a new direction in their life, then I look forward to working with you or your child to reach their new goal.
(707) 377-0947 View (707) 377-0947
Photo of Erin J. Andersen, BS, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Erin J. Andersen
Marriage & Family Therapist, BS, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95404
Life can be difficult. You don't have to go it alone. My approach is engaged and practical, with the goal of meeting you where you are. My work is grounded in the belief that the relationship between therapist and client is the foundation for therapeutic change. With couples, I incorporate the work of IFS - Intimacy From the Inside Out (IFIO), EFT, and The Gottman Institute. Prior to working as a therapist I enjoyed an extensive career in the business world. In Sonoma County since 1993, I hold an MA in Counseling Psychology and a BS in Business Administration. Grounded. Collaborative. Creative. Respectful.
Life can be difficult. You don't have to go it alone. My approach is engaged and practical, with the goal of meeting you where you are. My work is grounded in the belief that the relationship between therapist and client is the foundation for therapeutic change. With couples, I incorporate the work of IFS - Intimacy From the Inside Out (IFIO), EFT, and The Gottman Institute. Prior to working as a therapist I enjoyed an extensive career in the business world. In Sonoma County since 1993, I hold an MA in Counseling Psychology and a BS in Business Administration. Grounded. Collaborative. Creative. Respectful.
(707) 674-6070 View (707) 674-6070
Photo of Kathy M. Ekren, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kathy M. Ekren
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95403
Not accepting new clients
The focus of my practice is healing trauma. "Trauma results in a fundamental reorganization of the way the mind and brain manage perceptions. It changes not only how we think and what we think about, but also our very capacity to think.” (Bessel van der Kolk). Brainspotting facilitates access to the trauma so that it can be processed and meaningfully integrated, allowing retrieval of cut-off, frozen parts of self and re-establishing a harmony between mind, body and spirit. Healing, or becoming whole, is not about fixing or curing. It involves a reinterpretation of one’s life through the transcendence of suffering.
The focus of my practice is healing trauma. "Trauma results in a fundamental reorganization of the way the mind and brain manage perceptions. It changes not only how we think and what we think about, but also our very capacity to think.” (Bessel van der Kolk). Brainspotting facilitates access to the trauma so that it can be processed and meaningfully integrated, allowing retrieval of cut-off, frozen parts of self and re-establishing a harmony between mind, body and spirit. Healing, or becoming whole, is not about fixing or curing. It involves a reinterpretation of one’s life through the transcendence of suffering.
(707) 210-0003 View (707) 210-0003
Photo of Maitri Joy, CHT, LMFT, CLC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Maitri Joy
Marriage & Family Therapist, CHT, LMFT, CLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95409
I offer couples & individuals opportunity to heal difficult communications, overwhelming emotions and painful trauma, I borrow practices from several spiritual traditions, Native American, Buddhist, & Hindu; integrating them with cutting-edge coaching, energetic training, and shamanic practices to offer you a profound approach to personal growth, emotional intimacy and spiritual development. I support couples in finding a joyous sacred intimacy through the healing of their emotional, physical and spiritual pain. For individuals, I guide you in the deep knowing of yourself for emotional, mental and spiritual growth and awakening.
I offer couples & individuals opportunity to heal difficult communications, overwhelming emotions and painful trauma, I borrow practices from several spiritual traditions, Native American, Buddhist, & Hindu; integrating them with cutting-edge coaching, energetic training, and shamanic practices to offer you a profound approach to personal growth, emotional intimacy and spiritual development. I support couples in finding a joyous sacred intimacy through the healing of their emotional, physical and spiritual pain. For individuals, I guide you in the deep knowing of yourself for emotional, mental and spiritual growth and awakening.
(866) 756-0775 View (866) 756-0775
Photo of Debra Brennan, MS, Marriage & Family Therapist
Debra Brennan
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
Hello, many people think about starting therapy when they are at one of life's crossroads or when they are in crisis. Whether this is happening in your personal life or in one of your relationships, therapy offers a safe and constructive place to address the concerns and issues you've been struggling with. Feeling stuck is very painful and even small changes can create positive differences in your life and help you start moving in a better, more hopeful direction. My treatment style is eclectic, warm, and verbal. I am supportive and like to focus on practical solutions.
Hello, many people think about starting therapy when they are at one of life's crossroads or when they are in crisis. Whether this is happening in your personal life or in one of your relationships, therapy offers a safe and constructive place to address the concerns and issues you've been struggling with. Feeling stuck is very painful and even small changes can create positive differences in your life and help you start moving in a better, more hopeful direction. My treatment style is eclectic, warm, and verbal. I am supportive and like to focus on practical solutions.
(707) 418-8984 View (707) 418-8984
Photo of Garet Waterhouse, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Garet Waterhouse
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95403
Waitlist for new clients
Greetings! My practice has limited capacity, and is only able to accept new sex therapy and/or sexuality and relationship focused referrals as scheduling allows. I am no longer able to accept new insurance clients. I am licensed in California and Nevada, and offer video appointments as well as in person appointments for those in Sonoma County.
Greetings! My practice has limited capacity, and is only able to accept new sex therapy and/or sexuality and relationship focused referrals as scheduling allows. I am no longer able to accept new insurance clients. I am licensed in California and Nevada, and offer video appointments as well as in person appointments for those in Sonoma County.
(707) 595-9424 View (707) 595-9424
Photo of Erica Bosque - Keystone Therapy & Training Services, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Keystone Therapy & Training Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95409
Sometimes looking for what you need is harder than you thought. Our Keystone team provides services that meet people in the different stages in their lives and goes along side you through your own self-determined growth process.
Sometimes looking for what you need is harder than you thought. Our Keystone team provides services that meet people in the different stages in their lives and goes along side you through your own self-determined growth process.
(707) 602-3812 View (707) 602-3812
Photo of Lori Pandolfo, PsyD, Psychologist
Lori Pandolfo
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
I believe there is goodness, beauty, and incredible value at the core of every individual, as well as opportunities for change. I specialize in working with individuals navigating work/life/family balance, acute and chronic trauma, teen girls, fertility/pregnancy, significant illness, and loss including suicide survivors. A strong value I have is developing a meaningful relationship with my clients built on security, respect, compassion, and healing. It is also critical to develop goals that are important to you and ensuring you feel heard and your needs in treatment are being met.
I believe there is goodness, beauty, and incredible value at the core of every individual, as well as opportunities for change. I specialize in working with individuals navigating work/life/family balance, acute and chronic trauma, teen girls, fertility/pregnancy, significant illness, and loss including suicide survivors. A strong value I have is developing a meaningful relationship with my clients built on security, respect, compassion, and healing. It is also critical to develop goals that are important to you and ensuring you feel heard and your needs in treatment are being met.
(707) 403-6375 View (707) 403-6375
Photo of Danielle Gilardi, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Danielle Gilardi
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95404  (Online Only)
I find working in this field very rewarding. I strive to create a warm and safe environment for people to explore self-identity, personal development, relational dynamics, process trauma, create solutions, and increase strengths in order to support people in living the life they want and deserve. The base of my approach is person-centered in order to support the individual or family I am working with. From there I will draw from various theoretical orientations, including evidence based modalities and/or trauma informed approaches, in order to provide interventions that are the correct fit for you.
I find working in this field very rewarding. I strive to create a warm and safe environment for people to explore self-identity, personal development, relational dynamics, process trauma, create solutions, and increase strengths in order to support people in living the life they want and deserve. The base of my approach is person-centered in order to support the individual or family I am working with. From there I will draw from various theoretical orientations, including evidence based modalities and/or trauma informed approaches, in order to provide interventions that are the correct fit for you.
(707) 883-3689 View (707) 883-3689
Photo of Patrea Ann Miller, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Patrea Ann Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95404
Each of us is unique. We all come from different backgrounds and cultures. People suffer in different ways and pain can manifest itself through our mental health in various forms such as depression, anxiety, and a myriad of physical and health problems. My goal is to help you make positive changes in your life in order to become the person you aspire to be. I believe no matter how challenging the process, we need to be content and be our authentic selves. In order to do this, we need to explore our struggles and gain insight and make positive change in our lives.
Each of us is unique. We all come from different backgrounds and cultures. People suffer in different ways and pain can manifest itself through our mental health in various forms such as depression, anxiety, and a myriad of physical and health problems. My goal is to help you make positive changes in your life in order to become the person you aspire to be. I believe no matter how challenging the process, we need to be content and be our authentic selves. In order to do this, we need to explore our struggles and gain insight and make positive change in our lives.
(707) 284-0528 View (707) 284-0528
Photo of Janet C Lewis, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Janet C Lewis
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95404
Our personal lives and the world around us seems to have become more stressful and complicated than ever. If you need help, please don't hesitate to reach out to any of us, on this site, whether it is me, or someone else. With 40 years of experience, I offer guidance in a safe and confidential environment. Together we will explore & clarify issues, developing tools through thoughtful self examination, and insights to take back into your life. I am committed to helping you, with careful and thorough listening, and gentle, yet direct feedback. We are in this together! For a faster response, text me at the above number.
Our personal lives and the world around us seems to have become more stressful and complicated than ever. If you need help, please don't hesitate to reach out to any of us, on this site, whether it is me, or someone else. With 40 years of experience, I offer guidance in a safe and confidential environment. Together we will explore & clarify issues, developing tools through thoughtful self examination, and insights to take back into your life. I am committed to helping you, with careful and thorough listening, and gentle, yet direct feedback. We are in this together! For a faster response, text me at the above number.
(805) 795-4125 View (805) 795-4125
Photo of Dr. Ashley Forrest, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Ashley Forrest
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95403
Yes! You’re here. You’ve made it this far in your journey of self-discovery and self healing. I would be honored to assist you further. I like to think of a therapist as a spotter during a difficult mountain climb; sometimes you are so in your experience that you can’t see the path right in front of you, and a therapist can shout out “there’s a good foothold to your right!” A therapist has the ability to help you gain or regain your footing, be stronger where you are, or take a different path. My goal is to help you get where you want to go by helping you climb the mountain, together.
Yes! You’re here. You’ve made it this far in your journey of self-discovery and self healing. I would be honored to assist you further. I like to think of a therapist as a spotter during a difficult mountain climb; sometimes you are so in your experience that you can’t see the path right in front of you, and a therapist can shout out “there’s a good foothold to your right!” A therapist has the ability to help you gain or regain your footing, be stronger where you are, or take a different path. My goal is to help you get where you want to go by helping you climb the mountain, together.
(707) 414-0882 View (707) 414-0882
Photo of Justin Forman, PhD, Psychologist
Justin Forman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
Not accepting new clients
Many of us reach points in our lives when we feel anxious, overwhelmed, depressed, or just generally unhappy. Making the choice to go to therapy can be a difficult decision. However, once that choice is made, it sets the healing journey in motion. With this one decision, you will have the opportunity to explore those places within yourself that need tending in a caring, supportive environment. My practice is guided by the idea we sometimes need support, and by working collaboratively we will find the tools and insight to build a foundation for a more productive and satisfying life.
Many of us reach points in our lives when we feel anxious, overwhelmed, depressed, or just generally unhappy. Making the choice to go to therapy can be a difficult decision. However, once that choice is made, it sets the healing journey in motion. With this one decision, you will have the opportunity to explore those places within yourself that need tending in a caring, supportive environment. My practice is guided by the idea we sometimes need support, and by working collaboratively we will find the tools and insight to build a foundation for a more productive and satisfying life.
(707) 549-6712 View (707) 549-6712
Photo of Alexis K Glidewell, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alexis K Glidewell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
Caring for a dependent person with whom you have a previous history is uniquely challenging. Family histories and dynamics do not go away when someone gets sick. In addition to juggling the tasks of helping a dependent family member get through the day, caregivers are balancing obligations such as work, parenting and other responsibilities. One's own health and wellbeing, finances, and other roles and relationships can all be affected by the demands of caregiving. Finding balance and coping with ambiguity can be challenging, especially in the presence of emotional undercurrents such as grief, loss, resentment, guilt and overwhelm.
Caring for a dependent person with whom you have a previous history is uniquely challenging. Family histories and dynamics do not go away when someone gets sick. In addition to juggling the tasks of helping a dependent family member get through the day, caregivers are balancing obligations such as work, parenting and other responsibilities. One's own health and wellbeing, finances, and other roles and relationships can all be affected by the demands of caregiving. Finding balance and coping with ambiguity can be challenging, especially in the presence of emotional undercurrents such as grief, loss, resentment, guilt and overwhelm.
(707) 471-6837 x110 View (707) 471-6837 x110
Photo of Julie Fennimore, PsyD, Psychologist
Julie Fennimore
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95404
Are you struggling with your life in some way? I create a safe and supportive environment in which we work together to address what is preventing you from living your life in a way that feels right to you. I have over 20 years of experience as a clinical psychologist and use an integrative approach to identify the underlying causes of your distress and guide you to be able to process and heal. I love my work and feel honored to be part of helping you recover so that you are able to engage in your life in a more fulfilling and satisfying way.
Are you struggling with your life in some way? I create a safe and supportive environment in which we work together to address what is preventing you from living your life in a way that feels right to you. I have over 20 years of experience as a clinical psychologist and use an integrative approach to identify the underlying causes of your distress and guide you to be able to process and heal. I love my work and feel honored to be part of helping you recover so that you are able to engage in your life in a more fulfilling and satisfying way.
(707) 669-4256 View (707) 669-4256
Photo of Katelyn Marie Brown, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Katelyn Marie Brown
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95404
Life is full of ups, downs, twists and turns that are often unexpected, confusing, challenging, wonderful and even painful. I’m a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and a Certified Child and Adolescent Trauma Professional and have been practicing for over 6 years. I have a passion for working with teens, children, young adults and families. I spent the first 4 years of my career working in Residential Treatment supporting children and teens that have complex trauma and a variety of mental health concerns including: PTSD, attachment challenges, grief and loss, panic disorder, anxiety, depression, mood disorders and ADHD.
Life is full of ups, downs, twists and turns that are often unexpected, confusing, challenging, wonderful and even painful. I’m a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and a Certified Child and Adolescent Trauma Professional and have been practicing for over 6 years. I have a passion for working with teens, children, young adults and families. I spent the first 4 years of my career working in Residential Treatment supporting children and teens that have complex trauma and a variety of mental health concerns including: PTSD, attachment challenges, grief and loss, panic disorder, anxiety, depression, mood disorders and ADHD.
(707) 216-0798 View (707) 216-0798
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Santa Rosa, CA

700+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Santa Rosa, CA who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
65% Grief

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

54% Aetna
52% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
51% Optum

How Therapists in Santa Rosa, CA see their clients

76% In Person and Online
24% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Santa Rosa?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.