Therapists in Chattanooga, TN

Photo of Jennifer Morgan-Lambert, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chattanooga, TN
Jennifer Morgan-Lambert
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37421
Waitlist for new clients
"You are the author of your own life story". As a therapist I strive to provide a safe and confidential environment where people can discuss their struggles and know that they will not be judged or criticized for talking about how they feel or think. I am experienced in the treatment of ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, behavior problems, family conflict, gender identify, grief, trauma and life stressors. I enjoy working with preteens, adolescents and adults by meeting the client where they are in life. I would enjoy the opportunity to meet with you to discuss your needs and work together to begin improving your current situation.
"You are the author of your own life story". As a therapist I strive to provide a safe and confidential environment where people can discuss their struggles and know that they will not be judged or criticized for talking about how they feel or think. I am experienced in the treatment of ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, behavior problems, family conflict, gender identify, grief, trauma and life stressors. I enjoy working with preteens, adolescents and adults by meeting the client where they are in life. I would enjoy the opportunity to meet with you to discuss your needs and work together to begin improving your current situation.
(423) 301-5218 View (423) 301-5218
Photo of Elizabeth Parker, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Elizabeth Parker
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37419
Life is hard. Maybe you're in a difficult season right now or maybe it feels more like it's been a difficult few years. Maybe you're carrying pain from an abusive childhood, traumatic experience, or gut-wrenching loss. Maybe your relationship status changed. Maybe life doesn't look like what you thought it would by now. Maybe you're not even sure what exactly you're hoping to find, but you don't think life is supposed to feel this way. For whatever reason you find yourself on my page today, it would be an honor to listen and hold a safe space for your hard things. Life will be hard, but seasons change. Hope and healing is possible.
Life is hard. Maybe you're in a difficult season right now or maybe it feels more like it's been a difficult few years. Maybe you're carrying pain from an abusive childhood, traumatic experience, or gut-wrenching loss. Maybe your relationship status changed. Maybe life doesn't look like what you thought it would by now. Maybe you're not even sure what exactly you're hoping to find, but you don't think life is supposed to feel this way. For whatever reason you find yourself on my page today, it would be an honor to listen and hold a safe space for your hard things. Life will be hard, but seasons change. Hope and healing is possible.
(423) 376-9658 View (423) 376-9658
Photo of Latoya Mcleod-Carpenter, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chattanooga, TN
Latoya Mcleod-Carpenter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37411  (Online Only)
Latoya is licensed to see clients in Tennessee & Georgia. I am passionate about helping individuals foster a deeper connection on their path to healing. My goal as a clinician is to encourage and empower my clients to be the best version of themselves. Recognizing there is always room to grow beyond unfortunate circumstances is vital to increasing one's quality of life. I specialize in working with adults, couples, and families with a variety of challenges such as grief, loss & bereavement, adjustment to illness, life & career transitions, relationship concerns, depression, anxiety, trauma histories, and ADHD.
Latoya is licensed to see clients in Tennessee & Georgia. I am passionate about helping individuals foster a deeper connection on their path to healing. My goal as a clinician is to encourage and empower my clients to be the best version of themselves. Recognizing there is always room to grow beyond unfortunate circumstances is vital to increasing one's quality of life. I specialize in working with adults, couples, and families with a variety of challenges such as grief, loss & bereavement, adjustment to illness, life & career transitions, relationship concerns, depression, anxiety, trauma histories, and ADHD.
(423) 205-1241 View (423) 205-1241
Photo of Ashley Liston-Avnaim in Chattanooga, TN
Ashley Liston-Avnaim
LPC, MHSP, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37408  (Online Only)
It is my hope to partner with you in learning how to first be with and then move through life's painful experiences in such a way that feels authentic to you. If you have unresolved grief, trauma or other barriers to your ability to thrive, I would love to join you in opening new doors to embodied and conscious living. I enjoy working with folks from most walks of life, those with body-based concerns such as chronic illness, chronic pain or difficult to diagnose physical symptoms that may be having an impact on mental health.
It is my hope to partner with you in learning how to first be with and then move through life's painful experiences in such a way that feels authentic to you. If you have unresolved grief, trauma or other barriers to your ability to thrive, I would love to join you in opening new doors to embodied and conscious living. I enjoy working with folks from most walks of life, those with body-based concerns such as chronic illness, chronic pain or difficult to diagnose physical symptoms that may be having an impact on mental health.
(931) 271-5936 View (931) 271-5936
Photo of Camille Omnes, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Chattanooga, TN
Camille Omnes
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MFT-I
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37402  (Online Only)
Are you feeling trapped in certain areas of your life? Do you struggle to comprehend your own inner thoughts and navigate through challenging situations? If that's the case, therapy provides a safe haven for you to delve into these areas and gain clarity for what lies ahead. Together, we will delve deep into the amalgamation of your thoughts, emotions, experiences, and patterns, untangling the intricacies that define your identity. Through this journey, we will strive for profound comprehension and stronger connections, reshaping how you perceive yourself, interact with others, and engage with the world around you.
Are you feeling trapped in certain areas of your life? Do you struggle to comprehend your own inner thoughts and navigate through challenging situations? If that's the case, therapy provides a safe haven for you to delve into these areas and gain clarity for what lies ahead. Together, we will delve deep into the amalgamation of your thoughts, emotions, experiences, and patterns, untangling the intricacies that define your identity. Through this journey, we will strive for profound comprehension and stronger connections, reshaping how you perceive yourself, interact with others, and engage with the world around you.
(423) 594-1721 View (423) 594-1721
Photo of Lyn R. Owen, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Lyn R. Owen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37421
People come to a counselor for a myriad of reasons, but usually not without having tried to solve their problems or resolve their conflicts on their own. It can be difficult to admit that you need help and even harder still to ask for it. If the way forward seems unclear, then counseling may be the next step on your pathway to healing. My clients come with issues ranging from mood disorders (i.e. anxiety, depression) to trauma. They have personal and/or relationship struggles. What they have in common is that they want a change in their life.
People come to a counselor for a myriad of reasons, but usually not without having tried to solve their problems or resolve their conflicts on their own. It can be difficult to admit that you need help and even harder still to ask for it. If the way forward seems unclear, then counseling may be the next step on your pathway to healing. My clients come with issues ranging from mood disorders (i.e. anxiety, depression) to trauma. They have personal and/or relationship struggles. What they have in common is that they want a change in their life.
(423) 763-1734 View (423) 763-1734
Photo of Leslie Davis, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Leslie Davis
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37404  (Online Only)
My philosophy combines a non-judgmental, compassionate approach to therapy, with honest, direct feedback. I specialize in EMDR to help clients overcome past issues which are keeping them stuck. I welcome people of all perspectives. I will be an active participant in working with you as you seek to address personal and relationship issues.
My philosophy combines a non-judgmental, compassionate approach to therapy, with honest, direct feedback. I specialize in EMDR to help clients overcome past issues which are keeping them stuck. I welcome people of all perspectives. I will be an active participant in working with you as you seek to address personal and relationship issues.
(423) 377-4975 View (423) 377-4975
Photo of Trey Sommerfeld, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chattanooga, TN
Trey Sommerfeld
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37411
Practicing kindness towards ourselves can be challenging, especially when there are countless voices and messages that tell us otherwise. I firmly believe that everyone deserves acceptance and compassion, regardless of their unique story. As your therapist, it would be my privilege to walk alongside you on your journey toward healing. Together, we can create a safe space where we can learn new skills and behaviors as we increase our skills and options for how we respond to all the chaos that life throws our way.
Practicing kindness towards ourselves can be challenging, especially when there are countless voices and messages that tell us otherwise. I firmly believe that everyone deserves acceptance and compassion, regardless of their unique story. As your therapist, it would be my privilege to walk alongside you on your journey toward healing. Together, we can create a safe space where we can learn new skills and behaviors as we increase our skills and options for how we respond to all the chaos that life throws our way.
(423) 556-3596 View (423) 556-3596
Photo of Naomi Boothe, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Naomi Boothe
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LPCMHSP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37405
I acknowledge and respect the effort it takes to reach out for help. The strength it takes to say "enough!, I'm sick and tired of being sick and tired". The courage it takes to choose towards something more, something better, than where you are at right now. Thank you for being here! What if every wrongness was a strength not yet acknowledged? You are stronger than you think and worth so much more than you can imagine. The fact that you are reading this right now is proof of that!
I acknowledge and respect the effort it takes to reach out for help. The strength it takes to say "enough!, I'm sick and tired of being sick and tired". The courage it takes to choose towards something more, something better, than where you are at right now. Thank you for being here! What if every wrongness was a strength not yet acknowledged? You are stronger than you think and worth so much more than you can imagine. The fact that you are reading this right now is proof of that!
(423) 218-4314 View (423) 218-4314
Photo of Danielle M McDonough, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chattanooga, TN
Danielle M McDonough
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37402  (Online Only)
Have the terrible 2's never stopped or gotten worse after your child turned 2.5 yrs? Do you have a young child with more frequent, long, or intense temper tantrums and behavior problems than is expected for the child’s age? Does your child seem to get a thrill out of purposely annoying others, get in trouble regularly at preschool, or react with defiance and aggression to adult requests and limits? Or, is your child so anxious that you are dreading daycare or school drop offs because your child has to be pried off of you? Is your child struggling to adjust to a transition like parents’ divorce, a new sibling, grief, or trauma?
Have the terrible 2's never stopped or gotten worse after your child turned 2.5 yrs? Do you have a young child with more frequent, long, or intense temper tantrums and behavior problems than is expected for the child’s age? Does your child seem to get a thrill out of purposely annoying others, get in trouble regularly at preschool, or react with defiance and aggression to adult requests and limits? Or, is your child so anxious that you are dreading daycare or school drop offs because your child has to be pried off of you? Is your child struggling to adjust to a transition like parents’ divorce, a new sibling, grief, or trauma?
(423) 564-4642 View (423) 564-4642
Photo of Brent Collins, Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Brent Collins
Counselor, MA, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37421
Choosing a counselor with whom you share personal and sensitive information can leave you feeling uneasy and requires courage. I believe if you are researching counselors, you are ready to make changes in your life. I would consider it a privilege to join you in this journey to pursue change and wholeness. I consider each client a unique person with gifts and strengths that can enable them to find solutions to their challenges.
Choosing a counselor with whom you share personal and sensitive information can leave you feeling uneasy and requires courage. I believe if you are researching counselors, you are ready to make changes in your life. I would consider it a privilege to join you in this journey to pursue change and wholeness. I consider each client a unique person with gifts and strengths that can enable them to find solutions to their challenges.
(423) 897-1772 View (423) 897-1772
Photo of Kelly Culpepper Towe, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Kelly Culpepper Towe
Licensed Professional Counselor, MHSP, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37405
Kelly is a Licensed Professional Counselor, is pursuing licensure as a Marriage and Family Therapist in the State of Tennessee, and is a National Certified Counselor. She works with individuals, couples, and families pursuing growth and healing through supportive, therapeutic relationship. Kelly has experience working with anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, career direction, affair recovery, spiritual direction, OCD, sexuality, and marital issues.
Kelly is a Licensed Professional Counselor, is pursuing licensure as a Marriage and Family Therapist in the State of Tennessee, and is a National Certified Counselor. She works with individuals, couples, and families pursuing growth and healing through supportive, therapeutic relationship. Kelly has experience working with anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, career direction, affair recovery, spiritual direction, OCD, sexuality, and marital issues.
(423) 401-6124 View (423) 401-6124
Photo of Bradleigh Thomassian, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Bradleigh Thomassian
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37421
Do you long to grow through your pain but find yourself struggling most days just to keep your head above water? Do you wish for greater purpose and meaning but instead confusion and despair are filing your days? Is the thought of simply surviving a scary one, when you would much prefer to be thriving and living fully in the present moment? Walking through life in the ways I just described makes most of us feel weary, lost, alone, and sometimes downright hopeless. It’s not fun when life begins to feel like an uphill battle instead of the sweet life you had always imagined, and you don’t deserve to have to walk that road alone.
Do you long to grow through your pain but find yourself struggling most days just to keep your head above water? Do you wish for greater purpose and meaning but instead confusion and despair are filing your days? Is the thought of simply surviving a scary one, when you would much prefer to be thriving and living fully in the present moment? Walking through life in the ways I just described makes most of us feel weary, lost, alone, and sometimes downright hopeless. It’s not fun when life begins to feel like an uphill battle instead of the sweet life you had always imagined, and you don’t deserve to have to walk that road alone.
(423) 214-2960 View (423) 214-2960
Photo of Michelle Fast, Psychologist in Chattanooga, TN
Michelle Fast
Psychologist, PhD, NCSP
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37421
Watching your child struggle behaviorally, emotionally, or academically, can be a very scary thing for a parent. You may feel lost and insecure, or you may feel like you have tried everything and nothing seems to work. Additionally, you may have struggled as a kid yourself but have never been able to pinpoint why. I believe through evaluation, one can better understand who they are, how to build on existing strengths, and how to target areas for growth.
Watching your child struggle behaviorally, emotionally, or academically, can be a very scary thing for a parent. You may feel lost and insecure, or you may feel like you have tried everything and nothing seems to work. Additionally, you may have struggled as a kid yourself but have never been able to pinpoint why. I believe through evaluation, one can better understand who they are, how to build on existing strengths, and how to target areas for growth.
(423) 455-9272 View (423) 455-9272
Photo of Emma DuBose, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chattanooga, TN
Emma DuBose
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA CFT, MFT-i
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37405
As a secular therapist committed to social justice, I specialize in working with the LGBTQ+ community, especially polyamorous or ethically non-monogamous relationships. I enjoy working with couples, families, and alternative relationship structures who might be struggling with a range of issues, from communication hangups to parenting to mismatched sexual desire or infidelity.
As a secular therapist committed to social justice, I specialize in working with the LGBTQ+ community, especially polyamorous or ethically non-monogamous relationships. I enjoy working with couples, families, and alternative relationship structures who might be struggling with a range of issues, from communication hangups to parenting to mismatched sexual desire or infidelity.
(423) 455-9770 View (423) 455-9770
Photo of Danielle Phillips, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Danielle Phillips
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMFT
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37404  (Online Only)
Danielle Phillips is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with 3 years of experience in the mental health field. She is passionate about helping individuals, adolescents, and parents overcome challenges and live happier lives. Danielle specializes in anxiety, stress, depression, coping skills, parenting issues, self-esteem, and women's issues.
Danielle Phillips is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with 3 years of experience in the mental health field. She is passionate about helping individuals, adolescents, and parents overcome challenges and live happier lives. Danielle specializes in anxiety, stress, depression, coping skills, parenting issues, self-esteem, and women's issues.
(423) 455-5239 View (423) 455-5239
Photo of Eboni S. Long, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chattanooga, TN
Eboni S. Long
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37412  (Online Only)
Hi, I am Eboni S. Long, LMFT. I thoroughly enjoy working with individuals and couples to create change in their interpersonal relationships and other areas of their lives. Using a trauma lens helps me to see my clients past their presenting problems and acknowledge all the paralyzing hurts they have experienced physically, mentally and emotionally. While I see a variety of presenting problems, I am passionate about treating individuals and couples who have experienced trauma and infidelity.
Hi, I am Eboni S. Long, LMFT. I thoroughly enjoy working with individuals and couples to create change in their interpersonal relationships and other areas of their lives. Using a trauma lens helps me to see my clients past their presenting problems and acknowledge all the paralyzing hurts they have experienced physically, mentally and emotionally. While I see a variety of presenting problems, I am passionate about treating individuals and couples who have experienced trauma and infidelity.
(423) 358-2221 View (423) 358-2221
Photo of Mia DiMola, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Chattanooga, TN
Mia DiMola
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, CFLE, MS MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37415
Approaching therapy from a nonjudgmental, open, and accepting perspective with belief in the inherent worth of all people, I have 10+ years of experience working with parents, couples, the LGBTQ community and multicultural families. From helping parents solve discipline challenges to guiding couples in relationship enrichment, I helps people develop uniquely tailored plans to navigate the waters of their family’s own extraordinary journey.
Approaching therapy from a nonjudgmental, open, and accepting perspective with belief in the inherent worth of all people, I have 10+ years of experience working with parents, couples, the LGBTQ community and multicultural families. From helping parents solve discipline challenges to guiding couples in relationship enrichment, I helps people develop uniquely tailored plans to navigate the waters of their family’s own extraordinary journey.
(423) 220-4245 View (423) 220-4245
Photo of Thad Oliver, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Thad Oliver
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, PhD, LADAC
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37405  (Online Only)
Are you or someone you care about struggling with alcohol or drugs? Is your drinking damaging your relationships, your parenting, or your livelihood? Are you looking for a response to life's ups and downs besides taking yet another drink or drug, despite all the consequences? Are you on your recovery journey and need a little extra support? We all can build a life worth living. This requires the ability to solve problems, take some chances, and do the things that don't always feel good to get where you want.
Are you or someone you care about struggling with alcohol or drugs? Is your drinking damaging your relationships, your parenting, or your livelihood? Are you looking for a response to life's ups and downs besides taking yet another drink or drug, despite all the consequences? Are you on your recovery journey and need a little extra support? We all can build a life worth living. This requires the ability to solve problems, take some chances, and do the things that don't always feel good to get where you want.
(423) 436-8634 View (423) 436-8634
Photo of Mary Alice Bradshaw, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chattanooga, TN
Mary Alice Bradshaw
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37405
I am glad you are here! I take it that things aren't feeling so great at the moment. Or maybe they are, you are just looking for help in maintaining what's good. Whatever brings you here, I am proud of you and it would be an honor and joy to sit with you. I believe deeply that healing comes from a place of healthy, strong relationships and I would love to get to know you!
I am glad you are here! I take it that things aren't feeling so great at the moment. Or maybe they are, you are just looking for help in maintaining what's good. Whatever brings you here, I am proud of you and it would be an honor and joy to sit with you. I believe deeply that healing comes from a place of healthy, strong relationships and I would love to get to know you!
(423) 537-6678 View (423) 537-6678

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chattanooga, TN

400+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in Chattanooga, TN who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
85% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
76% Trauma and PTSD
75% Coping Skills
74% Stress

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Cigna and Evernorth
71% Aetna
64% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chattanooga, TN see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chattanooga?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.