Trauma and PTSD Therapists in University District, Missoula, MT

Photo of Karen G Strange, Marriage & Family Therapist in University District, Missoula, MT
Karen G Strange
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CST, CSAT, CPTT, EMDR
Verified Verified
University District, Missoula, MT 59801
Certified by the American Board of Christian Sex Therapists and the International Institute for Trauma & Addiction Therapists (IITAP), I have been trained by experts in these fields, giving me a unique perspective on understanding the healing process and the journey to wholeness.
As a Certified Sex Therapist, Certified Sex Addiction Therapist, and co-founder of the Center for Sexual and Relational Health, I specialize in helping individuals and couples struggling with sexual/porn addiction, compulsive sexual behaviors, infidelity, and the associated trauma from those behaviors. Because sexual/porn addiction impacts the entire family system, I am also a Certified Partner Trauma Therapist as I help partners navigate the emotional impact created by the problematic behaviors of their loved ones. I journey alongside my clients to help them create a new narrative for themselves so they can move forward.
Certified by the American Board of Christian Sex Therapists and the International Institute for Trauma & Addiction Therapists (IITAP), I have been trained by experts in these fields, giving me a unique perspective on understanding the healing process and the journey to wholeness.
As a Certified Sex Therapist, Certified Sex Addiction Therapist, and co-founder of the Center for Sexual and Relational Health, I specialize in helping individuals and couples struggling with sexual/porn addiction, compulsive sexual behaviors, infidelity, and the associated trauma from those behaviors. Because sexual/porn addiction impacts the entire family system, I am also a Certified Partner Trauma Therapist as I help partners navigate the emotional impact created by the problematic behaviors of their loved ones. I journey alongside my clients to help them create a new narrative for themselves so they can move forward.
(864) 662-6427 View (864) 662-6427
Photo of Shannon Lollar, Counselor in University District, Missoula, MT
Shannon Lollar
Counselor, PhD, NCC, LPC-TX, LCPC-MT, CCPT-S
Verified Verified
University District, Missoula, MT 59812
Waitlist for new clients
While I work with a wide variety of clients, I specialize in folks with a history of trauma, those who have experienced intimate partner violence, sexual assault, or struggled with addictions.
Prioritizing yourself, and your wellness can be difficult, especially in our turbulent world. I would be honored to help you create a safe space where you can completely be yourself, and accepted for who that is. I am always amazed at the resilience and potential each of my clients have, and I would love to help you tap into that. I believe that an authentic relationship between the counselor and client is really important for change. I know I am not always the right fit for all clients, so if I'm not your cup of tea, I will help you find the counselor that is!
While I work with a wide variety of clients, I specialize in folks with a history of trauma, those who have experienced intimate partner violence, sexual assault, or struggled with addictions.
Prioritizing yourself, and your wellness can be difficult, especially in our turbulent world. I would be honored to help you create a safe space where you can completely be yourself, and accepted for who that is. I am always amazed at the resilience and potential each of my clients have, and I would love to help you tap into that. I believe that an authentic relationship between the counselor and client is really important for change. I know I am not always the right fit for all clients, so if I'm not your cup of tea, I will help you find the counselor that is!
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Photo of Jody L Mosher, Counselor in University District, Missoula, MT
Jody L Mosher
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
University District, Missoula, MT 59801  (Online Only)
In order to grow and thrive in life, we all need a sense of feeling understood and enlivened within ourselves, in relationships and in community. I offer a present-centered approach for individual adults, parents, and families who seek to make change, heal from past trauma, move and transform through grief and loss, and improve interpersonal skills.
In order to grow and thrive in life, we all need a sense of feeling understood and enlivened within ourselves, in relationships and in community. I offer a present-centered approach for individual adults, parents, and families who seek to make change, heal from past trauma, move and transform through grief and loss, and improve interpersonal skills.
(406) 414-7715 View (406) 414-7715
Photo of Catherine Wright, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in University District, Missoula, MT
Catherine Wright
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
University District, Missoula, MT 59801  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I provide care to older teens and adults in Colorado and Montana who are looking for compassionate support as they navigate stress, relationships, the impact of trauma, and/or identity exploration. I use a collaborative approach with my clients help folks navigate the complex systems in our society (school, work, family, capitalism, healthcare, etc.) and explore the impact of these institutions on their wellbeing. I am passionate about helping others deepen their self-awareness, relationships with others, and understanding of their place in this world.
I provide care to older teens and adults in Colorado and Montana who are looking for compassionate support as they navigate stress, relationships, the impact of trauma, and/or identity exploration. I use a collaborative approach with my clients help folks navigate the complex systems in our society (school, work, family, capitalism, healthcare, etc.) and explore the impact of these institutions on their wellbeing. I am passionate about helping others deepen their self-awareness, relationships with others, and understanding of their place in this world.
(720) 679-7936 View (720) 679-7936
Photo of Tracy Rulaine Roberts, Counselor in University District, Missoula, MT
Tracy Rulaine Roberts
Counselor, MA, LCPC, PhDc
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
University District, Missoula, MT 59801
I utilize mind-body interventions, wilderness therapy, ceremony/ritual, somatic trauma work, grief work, contemplative practice, somatic trauma work, and energy medicine.
What do you want to do with your one wild and precious life? - Mary Oliver. Navigating the complexities of being human can be many things and yet life's challenges are often our greatest teachers. Throughout my life, I have had a profound love for people, adventure, the natural world, and commitment to soul work – supporting others on their own unique life journey. With compassion, curiosity, and courage, we will work alongside each other to help you pattern new, healthier ways of moving through the world and being in right relationship with self and others - grounded in heart, authenticity, and soul.
I utilize mind-body interventions, wilderness therapy, ceremony/ritual, somatic trauma work, grief work, contemplative practice, somatic trauma work, and energy medicine.
What do you want to do with your one wild and precious life? - Mary Oliver. Navigating the complexities of being human can be many things and yet life's challenges are often our greatest teachers. Throughout my life, I have had a profound love for people, adventure, the natural world, and commitment to soul work – supporting others on their own unique life journey. With compassion, curiosity, and courage, we will work alongside each other to help you pattern new, healthier ways of moving through the world and being in right relationship with self and others - grounded in heart, authenticity, and soul.
(406) 998-1878 View (406) 998-1878
Photo of Bonnie J Moses, Counselor in University District, Missoula, MT
Bonnie J Moses
Counselor, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
University District, Missoula, MT 59801
I invite adults and adolescents into my private practice. I have experience working with individuals that have experienced trauma, abuse, suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety, attachment disorders, and struggle to maintain relationships with family members and others. I am very knowledgeable in human development and can work with adult family members that are struggling with children's/ family behaviors at home and are seeking a positive change in daily life. I focus on helping client's find the personalized emotional regulation and self-care techniques that actually work for your individualized needs.
I invite adults and adolescents into my private practice. I have experience working with individuals that have experienced trauma, abuse, suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety, attachment disorders, and struggle to maintain relationships with family members and others. I am very knowledgeable in human development and can work with adult family members that are struggling with children's/ family behaviors at home and are seeking a positive change in daily life. I focus on helping client's find the personalized emotional regulation and self-care techniques that actually work for your individualized needs.
(406) 306-1801 View (406) 306-1801
Photo of Carleigh O'Brien, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in University District, Missoula, MT
Carleigh O'Brien
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
University District, Missoula, MT 59801
If you struggle with mental health related issues, family and/or relationship difficulties, unresolved trauma or interpersonal challenges, I am here to help. I enjoy working with clients who are invested in making changes to help improve their lives. I am experienced working with clients with anxiety, mood disorders, interpersonal and relational dynamics, as well as helping those struggling with day to day struggles. If your goal is to be a better parent, a better partner, improve your family relationships, develop better self awareness and/or understand the underlying mental health issues that impact your life, please contact me.
If you struggle with mental health related issues, family and/or relationship difficulties, unresolved trauma or interpersonal challenges, I am here to help. I enjoy working with clients who are invested in making changes to help improve their lives. I am experienced working with clients with anxiety, mood disorders, interpersonal and relational dynamics, as well as helping those struggling with day to day struggles. If your goal is to be a better parent, a better partner, improve your family relationships, develop better self awareness and/or understand the underlying mental health issues that impact your life, please contact me.
(406) 306-1256 View (406) 306-1256
Photo of Eliot Graham, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in University District, Missoula, MT
Eliot Graham
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
University District, Missoula, MT 59812  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My approach to counseling emphasizes the importance of early attachment experiences and trauma, both of which have a profound impact on our ability to regulate our emotions, have relationships with others, and feel good about ourselves.
A central focus of my counseling practice is providing affirmative and anti-oppressive support to transgender, non-binary and gender diverse people of all ages, as well as the queer community more broadly. For some people, this might mean that you're actively questioning your gender identity, navigating transitioning or experiencing discrimination. For others, you might have unrelated mental health needs but want to know that you're in a space where your gender and sexuality won't be either ignored or overly focused upon, but just included as another aspect of your experience.
My approach to counseling emphasizes the importance of early attachment experiences and trauma, both of which have a profound impact on our ability to regulate our emotions, have relationships with others, and feel good about ourselves.
A central focus of my counseling practice is providing affirmative and anti-oppressive support to transgender, non-binary and gender diverse people of all ages, as well as the queer community more broadly. For some people, this might mean that you're actively questioning your gender identity, navigating transitioning or experiencing discrimination. For others, you might have unrelated mental health needs but want to know that you're in a space where your gender and sexuality won't be either ignored or overly focused upon, but just included as another aspect of your experience.
(406) 284-0931 View (406) 284-0931
Photo of Ben Hilleboe, Counselor in University District, Missoula, MT
Ben Hilleboe
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
University District, Missoula, MT 59801  (Online Only)
I believe the heart of therapy is an authentic and trusting relationship. I have a down-to-earth and gentle nature and am known for my humor, warmth, curiosity, and compassion. I believe all people have the spirit and wisdom to become the best version of their self and I work collaboratively with clients to help explore what may be getting in the way of their natural healing capacity. I work well with adults struggling with depression, anger, stress, anxiety, trauma, relationships issues, drug and alcohol concerns, and self-esteem issues.
I believe the heart of therapy is an authentic and trusting relationship. I have a down-to-earth and gentle nature and am known for my humor, warmth, curiosity, and compassion. I believe all people have the spirit and wisdom to become the best version of their self and I work collaboratively with clients to help explore what may be getting in the way of their natural healing capacity. I work well with adults struggling with depression, anger, stress, anxiety, trauma, relationships issues, drug and alcohol concerns, and self-esteem issues.
(406) 578-5121 View (406) 578-5121
Photo of Robert Ryan, Counselor in University District, Missoula, MT
Robert Ryan
Counselor, PhD, PCLC, MA, MAEd, NCC
Verified Verified
University District, Missoula, MT 59812
Anxiety, depression, men's issues, college counseling, trauma, and relationships are just a few of the areas in which I have practiced with clients.
I approach counseling from a person-centered and cognitive behavioral perspective. There are times in life when everything seems to be going well and there are times when we may face challenges or encounter adversity. As a counselor, I believe in supporting the whole person in a safe and judgment free environment as we examine not only the challenges, but the beliefs and cognitions surrounding those challenges. I believe in getting to know you in order to understand your perceptions and the expertise you have within you regarding your own life and experiences.
Anxiety, depression, men's issues, college counseling, trauma, and relationships are just a few of the areas in which I have practiced with clients.
I approach counseling from a person-centered and cognitive behavioral perspective. There are times in life when everything seems to be going well and there are times when we may face challenges or encounter adversity. As a counselor, I believe in supporting the whole person in a safe and judgment free environment as we examine not only the challenges, but the beliefs and cognitions surrounding those challenges. I believe in getting to know you in order to understand your perceptions and the expertise you have within you regarding your own life and experiences.
(406) 747-0438 View (406) 747-0438
Photo of Annie Florin, LCSW -- Montana DBT Associates, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in University District, Missoula, MT
Annie Florin, LCSW -- Montana DBT Associates, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
University District, Missoula, MT 59801
Hello, I'm Annie! I founded Montana DBT Associates and our focus is on helping youth, teens, and families by providing Dialectical Behavior Therapy. DBT is the gold standard treatment for individuals (adults and adolescents) experience intense and unstable emotions, and who are struggling with suicide and self-harm. DBT helps individuals find the middle ground between extremes and opposites and to increase their skills in mindfulness, emotion regulation, relationships, communication, and tolerating intense emotions. Our DBT services are provided with a mindfulness and understanding of attachment and trauma.
Hello, I'm Annie! I founded Montana DBT Associates and our focus is on helping youth, teens, and families by providing Dialectical Behavior Therapy. DBT is the gold standard treatment for individuals (adults and adolescents) experience intense and unstable emotions, and who are struggling with suicide and self-harm. DBT helps individuals find the middle ground between extremes and opposites and to increase their skills in mindfulness, emotion regulation, relationships, communication, and tolerating intense emotions. Our DBT services are provided with a mindfulness and understanding of attachment and trauma.
(406) 284-0787 View (406) 284-0787
Photo of Abigail Eyre, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in University District, Missoula, MT
Abigail Eyre
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
University District, Missoula, MT 59801
As a trauma therapist, I have worked with survivors of all types. Many of my clients are social workers, caregivers, therapists, counselors, parents, and helpers themselves. I have extensive training in Attachment Therapy and Narrative Therapy. My two dogs are usually in session with me. They are older and will leave you with "puppy glitter" (dog hair) on your clothing. I have a lint roller for such occasions. I've been a therapist a long time and if you're going through something and would like support, I understand and am here to help and support you as you work through whats happening and how to make your life juicy again.
As a trauma therapist, I have worked with survivors of all types. Many of my clients are social workers, caregivers, therapists, counselors, parents, and helpers themselves. I have extensive training in Attachment Therapy and Narrative Therapy. My two dogs are usually in session with me. They are older and will leave you with "puppy glitter" (dog hair) on your clothing. I have a lint roller for such occasions. I've been a therapist a long time and if you're going through something and would like support, I understand and am here to help and support you as you work through whats happening and how to make your life juicy again.
(406) 631-8687 View (406) 631-8687
Photo of Joy Clark Akin, Counselor in University District, Missoula, MT
Joy Clark Akin
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
University District, Missoula, MT 59801
Life is challenging. Anyone may be overwhelmed by difficulties and begin to lose direction and hope. I am so glad that you have decided to take the first step and to reach out for help. I am an empathetic, person-centered therapist with a passion for life. I believe that each individual carries within the capacity to heal and to grow. I would like to help you to discover and nurture these seeds, and I will walk with you on your journey toward health, happiness, and purpose for your life. I offer 16 years of experience working with children, adolescents, and adults with a wide variety of presenting issues.
Life is challenging. Anyone may be overwhelmed by difficulties and begin to lose direction and hope. I am so glad that you have decided to take the first step and to reach out for help. I am an empathetic, person-centered therapist with a passion for life. I believe that each individual carries within the capacity to heal and to grow. I would like to help you to discover and nurture these seeds, and I will walk with you on your journey toward health, happiness, and purpose for your life. I offer 16 years of experience working with children, adolescents, and adults with a wide variety of presenting issues.
(406) 361-2187 View (406) 361-2187
Photo of Missoula Mindful Counseling, Counselor in University District, Missoula, MT
Missoula Mindful Counseling
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
University District, Missoula, MT 59801
Mindfulness provides a way of paying attention to our experience, which is crucial to our ability to change. Mindfulness also provides a pathway through the experience of suffering to greater heath, well-being, and a more fulfilling life. Mindfulness is central to my practice, and my approach is informed by thirty years of experience with mindfulness and meditation. In our work together, I aim to draw on my personal experience of mindfulness, cutting edge research, and evidence-based mindfulness-based approaches, to help you bring about the change that you are looking for.
Mindfulness provides a way of paying attention to our experience, which is crucial to our ability to change. Mindfulness also provides a pathway through the experience of suffering to greater heath, well-being, and a more fulfilling life. Mindfulness is central to my practice, and my approach is informed by thirty years of experience with mindfulness and meditation. In our work together, I aim to draw on my personal experience of mindfulness, cutting edge research, and evidence-based mindfulness-based approaches, to help you bring about the change that you are looking for.
(406) 295-8432 View (406) 295-8432
Photo of Joseph Boland, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in University District, Missoula, MT
Joseph Boland
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
University District, Missoula, MT 59801
“Your task is not to seek for Love, but to find all the barriers you have built within yourself against it”, Rumi. Do you find yourself repeating a cycle of staying in disatisfying jobs, or unhappy relationships, but unable to break out? Exploring the root of these behaviors can help free us to be be our more authentic selves. From a place of self love, we can recognize the nature and causes of limiting beliefs, self defeating behavior, and move into deeper, more satisfying relationships, and coming to a greater sense of belonging, joy and love with ourselves and others.
“Your task is not to seek for Love, but to find all the barriers you have built within yourself against it”, Rumi. Do you find yourself repeating a cycle of staying in disatisfying jobs, or unhappy relationships, but unable to break out? Exploring the root of these behaviors can help free us to be be our more authentic selves. From a place of self love, we can recognize the nature and causes of limiting beliefs, self defeating behavior, and move into deeper, more satisfying relationships, and coming to a greater sense of belonging, joy and love with ourselves and others.
(406) 559-2411 View (406) 559-2411
Photo of Sunny Mavor Online Counseling, Counselor in University District, Missoula, MT
Sunny Mavor Online Counseling
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
University District, Missoula, MT 59801  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Hi - Welcome to ONLINE counseling. I have a unique practice that supports people from all over Montana --- after 15 years of seeing couples and individuals in person in my Bozeman office, I'm now working exclusively with individuals online. I have had the honor of helping hundreds of Montanans conquer their depression or anxiety, regain their confidence, improve their communication skills, renew their relationship by working on themselves ... and to get back to being the person they want to be. I think you'll be surprised at how comfortable online therapy feels - it's just like sitting in the same room.
Hi - Welcome to ONLINE counseling. I have a unique practice that supports people from all over Montana --- after 15 years of seeing couples and individuals in person in my Bozeman office, I'm now working exclusively with individuals online. I have had the honor of helping hundreds of Montanans conquer their depression or anxiety, regain their confidence, improve their communication skills, renew their relationship by working on themselves ... and to get back to being the person they want to be. I think you'll be surprised at how comfortable online therapy feels - it's just like sitting in the same room.
(406) 306-1415 View (406) 306-1415
Photo of Anna Louise Peterson, Counselor in University District, Missoula, MT
Anna Louise Peterson
Counselor, EdD, LCPC
Verified Verified
University District, Missoula, MT 59801  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
In addition to gender identity issues, I have a broad-based practice with an emphasis on trauma and relational work.
My practice is primarily focused on providing affirmative care for those who are exploring their gender identity – across the lifespan and along the gender spectrum. If you are seeking support around issues of gender identity, I will provide you with a supportive relationship - without expectation, agenda or judgment - within which to explore whatever questions you may be asking. My role in this process is not to define your identity for you, but to provide the space within which you can do that for yourself.
In addition to gender identity issues, I have a broad-based practice with an emphasis on trauma and relational work.
My practice is primarily focused on providing affirmative care for those who are exploring their gender identity – across the lifespan and along the gender spectrum. If you are seeking support around issues of gender identity, I will provide you with a supportive relationship - without expectation, agenda or judgment - within which to explore whatever questions you may be asking. My role in this process is not to define your identity for you, but to provide the space within which you can do that for yourself.
(406) 412-1326 View (406) 412-1326
Photo of Adrienne Tauses, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in University District, Missoula, MT
Adrienne Tauses
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
University District, Missoula, MT 59801
Not accepting new clients
At this time I am not taking new patients as my practice is full. Thank you. Thank you for taking the first step towards healing. My clinical practice is centered on my foundational belief that everyone, regardless of your current struggle, deserves to have a voice, emotional safety, healing, and an opportunity to change. Within the container of the therapeutic relationship I hope to assist in you coming to the present moment, learn to increase healing of traumatic events, and re-connect with your sense of self.
At this time I am not taking new patients as my practice is full. Thank you. Thank you for taking the first step towards healing. My clinical practice is centered on my foundational belief that everyone, regardless of your current struggle, deserves to have a voice, emotional safety, healing, and an opportunity to change. Within the container of the therapeutic relationship I hope to assist in you coming to the present moment, learn to increase healing of traumatic events, and re-connect with your sense of self.
(406) 296-5195 View (406) 296-5195

Online Therapists

Photo of Terran Eastham, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in University District, Missoula, MT
Terran Eastham
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSWC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Missoula, MT 59804
I have been in the mental health field for 9 years, and specialize in working with trauma-related symptoms and experiences.
The decision to start therapy services is a courageous one, and thankfully one you do not have to navigate alone. My hope is to empower you to overcome the challenges and obstacles you may be facing to live the life you want most. The mind wants to heal, and I look forward to working together to develop tools and skills to achieve this healing.
I have been in the mental health field for 9 years, and specialize in working with trauma-related symptoms and experiences.
The decision to start therapy services is a courageous one, and thankfully one you do not have to navigate alone. My hope is to empower you to overcome the challenges and obstacles you may be facing to live the life you want most. The mind wants to heal, and I look forward to working together to develop tools and skills to achieve this healing.
(406) 302-5201 View (406) 302-5201
Photo of Ann Davis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in University District, Missoula, MT
Ann Davis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Missoula, MT 59801
Each of us have deep-seeded value and deserve to be connected to our whole selves. Often, past experiences of trauma and suffering not only impact our beliefs, behaviors, and relationships, but disconnect us from ourselves. Discovering ourselves can be difficult, but it is an essential part of healing. Our capacity for growth and change is possible with understanding and compassion.
Each of us have deep-seeded value and deserve to be connected to our whole selves. Often, past experiences of trauma and suffering not only impact our beliefs, behaviors, and relationships, but disconnect us from ourselves. Discovering ourselves can be difficult, but it is an essential part of healing. Our capacity for growth and change is possible with understanding and compassion.
(406) 296-5203 View (406) 296-5203

See more therapy options for University District, Missoula

Trauma and PTSD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.