Therapists in Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT

Justin Cline
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59803
My concern is to help address the suffering people endure due to the current conflict in their lives as well as any past trauma. Suffering comes in many forms and can be understood as symptoms that negatively affect one's relationships, health, career, personal development and emotional life. I work with individuals to alleviate these difficulties and to deepen an understanding of the root causes in order to ensure ongoing personal satisfaction. This kind of treatment is designed to help identify and redirect conflicts in a person's life which are destructive or prohibit growth, and to liberate positive personal attributes from atrophy and inhibition.
My concern is to help address the suffering people endure due to the current conflict in their lives as well as any past trauma. Suffering comes in many forms and can be understood as symptoms that negatively affect one's relationships, health, career, personal development and emotional life. I work with individuals to alleviate these difficulties and to deepen an understanding of the root causes in order to ensure ongoing personal satisfaction. This kind of treatment is designed to help identify and redirect conflicts in a person's life which are destructive or prohibit growth, and to liberate positive personal attributes from atrophy and inhibition.
(406) 565-4316 View (406) 565-4316
Paula Leslie Haven Family Solutions (Consultant)
Counselor, LCPC
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59801
If you are a parent with a struggling young adult or adolescent and nothing has worked so far, I can help. I am an educational consultant, therapeutic placement specialist, Clinical Case Manager, and Parent Coach. Offering personalized clinical coaching and consulting beyond the typical care continuum, I am available for long-term, or urgent situations for my families. I can help you develop a comprehensive home treatment plan that integrates all of the professionals in your life into a care team, or provide expert residential therapeutic placement recommendations, summer programs, and gap year options, anywhere in the country.
If you are a parent with a struggling young adult or adolescent and nothing has worked so far, I can help. I am an educational consultant, therapeutic placement specialist, Clinical Case Manager, and Parent Coach. Offering personalized clinical coaching and consulting beyond the typical care continuum, I am available for long-term, or urgent situations for my families. I can help you develop a comprehensive home treatment plan that integrates all of the professionals in your life into a care team, or provide expert residential therapeutic placement recommendations, summer programs, and gap year options, anywhere in the country.
(406) 641-5690 View (406) 641-5690
Kerry N Herndon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LAC
2 Endorsed
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59801
I offer a strengths-based practice aimed at providing care to adolescents, adults and first responders in the scope of addiction, trauma, disordered eating, behavioral health, reproductive health/infertility & life transitions. I utilized a mixed approach to therapy centered around self-compassion, motivational enhancement, cognitive behavioral therapy, communication skills, and mind/body connection. Other methodology is applied as appropriate. My goal is to meet Client's where they are in their therapeutic process, encourage them to be an active participant in their own care and provide usable skills to be used outside of therapy.
I offer a strengths-based practice aimed at providing care to adolescents, adults and first responders in the scope of addiction, trauma, disordered eating, behavioral health, reproductive health/infertility & life transitions. I utilized a mixed approach to therapy centered around self-compassion, motivational enhancement, cognitive behavioral therapy, communication skills, and mind/body connection. Other methodology is applied as appropriate. My goal is to meet Client's where they are in their therapeutic process, encourage them to be an active participant in their own care and provide usable skills to be used outside of therapy.
(406) 662-0679 View (406) 662-0679
Maggie Joseph
Counselor, MA, PCLC
1 Endorsed
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59803
You may look like you’re managing everything on the outside while internally feeling anxious, emotionally exhausted, disconnected, or unsure of yourself. Past experiences, relationship patterns, or a major life transition may still be affecting how you feel today. I work with teens and adults who want to better understand themselves, feel more grounded, and build confidence in navigating life’s challenges. We also focus on building awareness of how stress and emotions show up in the body, helping you feel more grounded and in tune with yourself as you move forward at your own pace.
You may look like you’re managing everything on the outside while internally feeling anxious, emotionally exhausted, disconnected, or unsure of yourself. Past experiences, relationship patterns, or a major life transition may still be affecting how you feel today. I work with teens and adults who want to better understand themselves, feel more grounded, and build confidence in navigating life’s challenges. We also focus on building awareness of how stress and emotions show up in the body, helping you feel more grounded and in tune with yourself as you move forward at your own pace.
(406) 812-5993 View (406) 812-5993
Nathan Hoyme
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59803
I practice a relational form of counseling, which means I weigh heavily on how and why our relationships develop while taking into consideration the mental, physical and emotional associations we draw or conclude from these relationships. The relationship between therapist and client, the relationships you have had over the course of your life, issues and/or concepts you have faced or struggled with, and, most importantly, the relationship you have with yourself are all focal points for counseling. Trust and building rapport with your therapist is paramount and I work to cultivate an environment that promotes respect and self-exploration.
I practice a relational form of counseling, which means I weigh heavily on how and why our relationships develop while taking into consideration the mental, physical and emotional associations we draw or conclude from these relationships. The relationship between therapist and client, the relationships you have had over the course of your life, issues and/or concepts you have faced or struggled with, and, most importantly, the relationship you have with yourself are all focal points for counseling. Trust and building rapport with your therapist is paramount and I work to cultivate an environment that promotes respect and self-exploration.
(406) 953-0356 View (406) 953-0356
Carleigh O'Brien
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59801
If you struggle with mental health related issues, family and/or relationship difficulties, unresolved trauma or interpersonal challenges, I am here to help. I enjoy working with clients who are invested in making changes to help improve their lives. I am experienced working with clients with anxiety, mood disorders, interpersonal and relational dynamics, as well as helping those struggling with day to day struggles. If your goal is to be a better parent, a better partner, improve your family relationships, develop better self awareness and/or understand the underlying mental health issues that impact your life, please contact me.
If you struggle with mental health related issues, family and/or relationship difficulties, unresolved trauma or interpersonal challenges, I am here to help. I enjoy working with clients who are invested in making changes to help improve their lives. I am experienced working with clients with anxiety, mood disorders, interpersonal and relational dynamics, as well as helping those struggling with day to day struggles. If your goal is to be a better parent, a better partner, improve your family relationships, develop better self awareness and/or understand the underlying mental health issues that impact your life, please contact me.
(406) 306-1256 View (406) 306-1256
Nikki Pastian
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW, BA
1 Endorsed
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59801
I am driven to work with individuals to reach their goals. I am passionate in finding a path to reach a goal, be it the easy or hard route, I am along for the ride. I have extensive history in working with families and children, who have faced an array of challenges, such as divorces, transitions to college, guardianship changes, and behavioral issues. I also have worked closely with LGBTQ+ teens and adults, creating groups to increase social connections, fighting for rights in school and political realms, and exploring sense of identity.
I am driven to work with individuals to reach their goals. I am passionate in finding a path to reach a goal, be it the easy or hard route, I am along for the ride. I have extensive history in working with families and children, who have faced an array of challenges, such as divorces, transitions to college, guardianship changes, and behavioral issues. I also have worked closely with LGBTQ+ teens and adults, creating groups to increase social connections, fighting for rights in school and political realms, and exploring sense of identity.
(406) 637-7986 View (406) 637-7986
Joey Boyle
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59801
It's no secret that life is full of obstacles and hardships, notably so with all of the changes we have experienced in our lives these last few years. I am proud to offer individual, couples, and family talk-therapy; with both in-person and virtual appointments available for residents of WA and MT. My mission is to connect with clients in a way that highlights their strengths whilst respecting the dignity and worth of the person. I believe in the autonomy of all individuals to make their own decisions, striving toward the client-centered model. Let's find our common ground, set your goals, and work to grow in a positive direction.
It's no secret that life is full of obstacles and hardships, notably so with all of the changes we have experienced in our lives these last few years. I am proud to offer individual, couples, and family talk-therapy; with both in-person and virtual appointments available for residents of WA and MT. My mission is to connect with clients in a way that highlights their strengths whilst respecting the dignity and worth of the person. I believe in the autonomy of all individuals to make their own decisions, striving toward the client-centered model. Let's find our common ground, set your goals, and work to grow in a positive direction.
(406) 909-4099 View (406) 909-4099
Caroline Kinsley
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LCPC, BC-DMT
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59801
Are you ready to begin or continue your therapeutic journey? Would you like to invite dance/movement, somatic-based, and mindfulness-based practices into your therapeutic space? Welcome! I specialize working with clients experiencing depression, anxiety, perfectionism, people pleasing, relational trauma, & psychosomatic experiences. Together we will explore ways you can compassionately to express, soothe, calm, and understand what is coming up. I offer in-person & online appointments in Missoula, MT and online sessions for clients in Oregon.
Are you ready to begin or continue your therapeutic journey? Would you like to invite dance/movement, somatic-based, and mindfulness-based practices into your therapeutic space? Welcome! I specialize working with clients experiencing depression, anxiety, perfectionism, people pleasing, relational trauma, & psychosomatic experiences. Together we will explore ways you can compassionately to express, soothe, calm, and understand what is coming up. I offer in-person & online appointments in Missoula, MT and online sessions for clients in Oregon.
(406) 797-6398 View (406) 797-6398
Becca Kwon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
3 Endorsed
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59803
Becca meets every client where they are and believes in going at the pace of her client's needs. She believes that building a relationship is what allows a therapeutic relationship to flourish and be successful. She believes the client is the expert of their own life, and progress can only be made when the client is ready. By offering a friendly and welcoming atmosphere, she feels everyone can be successful and make positive changes in their lives with the proper support, and to increase their quality of life.
Becca meets every client where they are and believes in going at the pace of her client's needs. She believes that building a relationship is what allows a therapeutic relationship to flourish and be successful. She believes the client is the expert of their own life, and progress can only be made when the client is ready. By offering a friendly and welcoming atmosphere, she feels everyone can be successful and make positive changes in their lives with the proper support, and to increase their quality of life.
(406) 540-0291 View (406) 540-0291
Katelyn McAree
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59801
We are all inherently worthy, resilient, and hard-wired to be connected to others; we also inevitably face suffering in life which can create barriers to these aspects of ourselves. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, my mission is to work alongside you - to be present, deeply listen, and assist you in coming back to the core parts of who you are; to help you transform your suffering into contentment and wholeness. I will be present for whatever you bring to our therapy space and support you in harnessing your power to create the change you want to see in your life.
We are all inherently worthy, resilient, and hard-wired to be connected to others; we also inevitably face suffering in life which can create barriers to these aspects of ourselves. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, my mission is to work alongside you - to be present, deeply listen, and assist you in coming back to the core parts of who you are; to help you transform your suffering into contentment and wholeness. I will be present for whatever you bring to our therapy space and support you in harnessing your power to create the change you want to see in your life.
(406) 631-8918 View (406) 631-8918
Zeke Campfield
Pre-Licensed Professional, SWLC, ASAT-C
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59803
It's the worst kept secret: Men are struggling with relationship challenges, sexual addictions and identity confusion. Who are we, and how can we do better? Left unaddressed these challenges destroy relationships, finances, reputations and self-esteem. Worse, they hurt people. You're not alone - change is possible. You can improve your relationships, heal from your addictions and stop compulsive behaviors. Join me in a place of privacy, confidentiality, respect and accountability as you work to untangle the mess and reclaim your life, dignity and sense of purpose.
It's the worst kept secret: Men are struggling with relationship challenges, sexual addictions and identity confusion. Who are we, and how can we do better? Left unaddressed these challenges destroy relationships, finances, reputations and self-esteem. Worse, they hurt people. You're not alone - change is possible. You can improve your relationships, heal from your addictions and stop compulsive behaviors. Join me in a place of privacy, confidentiality, respect and accountability as you work to untangle the mess and reclaim your life, dignity and sense of purpose.
(406) 201-6885 View (406) 201-6885
Ruth Guthrie
Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate, MA, PCLC, NCC
1 Endorsed
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59803
Working together, we can gain a deeper understanding of your life and experiences. By learning about you as a whole person and all of your unique circumstances, we can identify the areas that that are challenging. We can uncover personal and community strengths and set meaningful goals. Through the counseling process we can move toward growth and healing and help you come closer to reaching your full potential.
Working together, we can gain a deeper understanding of your life and experiences. By learning about you as a whole person and all of your unique circumstances, we can identify the areas that that are challenging. We can uncover personal and community strengths and set meaningful goals. Through the counseling process we can move toward growth and healing and help you come closer to reaching your full potential.
(406) 534-5553 View (406) 534-5553
Davis Logan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
1 Endorsed
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59801
I hope to reach and work with people of any ages. I know competition and the forces that push people to be their best and I can offer a respite and space to be comfortable with yourself and to find out your motivations, goals and how to reach them. Depression, Anxiety and anger management are areas where I excel. I can help you find reason, cause and solutions so that you may live your best life. I employ Solution Focused Brief Therapy, Motivational Interviewing and CBT techniques to support my clients ability to implement change and improve their lives. I am currently accepting new clients, online or in person sessions.
I hope to reach and work with people of any ages. I know competition and the forces that push people to be their best and I can offer a respite and space to be comfortable with yourself and to find out your motivations, goals and how to reach them. Depression, Anxiety and anger management are areas where I excel. I can help you find reason, cause and solutions so that you may live your best life. I employ Solution Focused Brief Therapy, Motivational Interviewing and CBT techniques to support my clients ability to implement change and improve their lives. I am currently accepting new clients, online or in person sessions.
(406) 296-4475 x2 View (406) 296-4475 x2
Coral Beck
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MPA
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59801
Not accepting new clients
Please note: I do not have openings for new clients. I work with adults who are struggling with day to day stresses, life transitions or survivors of trauma. I have worked within the fields of trauma and mental health for over 20 years. I believe the foundation of belonging, sense of well-being and change is grounded in relationships, how we interact and how we are supported by others. Whether you are struggling with feelings of depression, anxiety, family conflict or past experience with trauma, I view my role as someone who is neutral and a facilitator of the process in which self-worth is strengthened and persons supported.
Please note: I do not have openings for new clients. I work with adults who are struggling with day to day stresses, life transitions or survivors of trauma. I have worked within the fields of trauma and mental health for over 20 years. I believe the foundation of belonging, sense of well-being and change is grounded in relationships, how we interact and how we are supported by others. Whether you are struggling with feelings of depression, anxiety, family conflict or past experience with trauma, I view my role as someone who is neutral and a facilitator of the process in which self-worth is strengthened and persons supported.
(406) 241-1809 View (406) 241-1809
Emilie Burke
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59803
Not accepting new clients
Since 2010, my intention in working with my clients has been to hold a safe and confidential space that supports self-exploration and awareness, connection, curiosity, and personal growth. I understand that asking for help can be uncomfortable and even scary because vulnerability requires a lot of bravery. Therapy takes work, and healing takes time and is not linear. The therapeutic fit and dedication on both ends are vital parts of this process, and I believe it's worth it. In my space all identities, genders, shapes, sizes, colors, races, divergent brains, cultural beliefs, and different abilities will be accepted and protected.
Since 2010, my intention in working with my clients has been to hold a safe and confidential space that supports self-exploration and awareness, connection, curiosity, and personal growth. I understand that asking for help can be uncomfortable and even scary because vulnerability requires a lot of bravery. Therapy takes work, and healing takes time and is not linear. The therapeutic fit and dedication on both ends are vital parts of this process, and I believe it's worth it. In my space all identities, genders, shapes, sizes, colors, races, divergent brains, cultural beliefs, and different abilities will be accepted and protected.
(406) 215-4897 View (406) 215-4897
John Lilburn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Please note that I am not accepting new referrals at this time. I work with couples, adults, kids, and families dealing with disruptive events, situations, and behaviors. Some of these situations are typical life transitions: entering adolescence, a new child in the family, school and work conflicts, or life-stage changes. Other transitions are more obviously traumatic: medical crises, chronic illness, infidelity, or the dissolution of long-term relationships. I work with patients that have long-term, debilitating mental illnesses, and patients that have more situational or transitional difficulties.
Please note that I am not accepting new referrals at this time. I work with couples, adults, kids, and families dealing with disruptive events, situations, and behaviors. Some of these situations are typical life transitions: entering adolescence, a new child in the family, school and work conflicts, or life-stage changes. Other transitions are more obviously traumatic: medical crises, chronic illness, infidelity, or the dissolution of long-term relationships. I work with patients that have long-term, debilitating mental illnesses, and patients that have more situational or transitional difficulties.
(406) 962-1558 View (406) 962-1558
Sara Thane Milam
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
7 Endorsed
Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT 59801
Not accepting new clients
Do you feel anxious and stressed most of the time, and have a hard time turning off your thoughts? Do you feel good about yourself when you're productively working toward your goals, and bad about yourself when you're not? Maybe your life looks great on paper but it feels unfulfilling. If this sounds like you, let's team up to help you discover what healthy striving feels like. We'll find tools to help you calm your anxiety and shift the negative beliefs about yourself that are holding you back. We'll explore what matters most to you and identify action steps to help you live in alignment with your values and priorities.
Do you feel anxious and stressed most of the time, and have a hard time turning off your thoughts? Do you feel good about yourself when you're productively working toward your goals, and bad about yourself when you're not? Maybe your life looks great on paper but it feels unfulfilling. If this sounds like you, let's team up to help you discover what healthy striving feels like. We'll find tools to help you calm your anxiety and shift the negative beliefs about yourself that are holding you back. We'll explore what matters most to you and identify action steps to help you live in alignment with your values and priorities.
(615) 208-7187 View (615) 208-7187

Online Therapists

Ellie Strange
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Missoula, MT 59801
Sometimes you know something needs to change, but you can't quite figure out how to change it. I work with people who feel stuck in patterns they know aren't working: overthinking, shutting down, reacting more strongly than they want to, struggling in their relationships, or constantly feeling like they're falling short. I believe you can move beyond these patterns and feel more secure in who you are and how you show up in your life.
Sometimes you know something needs to change, but you can't quite figure out how to change it. I work with people who feel stuck in patterns they know aren't working: overthinking, shutting down, reacting more strongly than they want to, struggling in their relationships, or constantly feeling like they're falling short. I believe you can move beyond these patterns and feel more secure in who you are and how you show up in your life.
(406) 962-0329 View (406) 962-0329
Noelle Naiden
Counselor, LCPC
1 Endorsed
Missoula, MT 59802
People are often aware of things they do that they wish they could change but don't know how - effective personal change driven by your needs and goals. Changing often means sharing your ideas about life with another person. Working in mental health and school psychology for decades gives me a great deal of background in a variety of therapy approaches. Combining these approaches to fit the goals of the client is something we work on together to give you the best set of tools possible for navigating your lived experience. In the process you will experiencing the joy of discovery - of yourself.
People are often aware of things they do that they wish they could change but don't know how - effective personal change driven by your needs and goals. Changing often means sharing your ideas about life with another person. Working in mental health and school psychology for decades gives me a great deal of background in a variety of therapy approaches. Combining these approaches to fit the goals of the client is something we work on together to give you the best set of tools possible for navigating your lived experience. In the process you will experiencing the joy of discovery - of yourself.
(406) 692-2703 View (406) 692-2703

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT

10+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
94% Trauma and PTSD
94% Social Anxiety
94% Complex PTSD
94% Health Anxiety
94% Medical Trauma
94% Driving Anxiety

Average years in practice

7 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% BlueCross and BlueShield
100% Allegiance
88% PacificSource

How Therapists in Lewis And Clark, Missoula, MT see their clients

94% In Person and Online
6% Online Only

Gender breakdown

65% Female
35% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Lewis And Clark?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.