Therapists in Frederick, MD

Photo of Connelly C Stewart, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Frederick, MD
Connelly C Stewart
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, NCC, MA
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21701
Not accepting new clients
Are you hoping to change your life or to feel better, be stronger, or to find your way out of a rough patch? I would be honored to help you along your journey. My goal is to provide a safe healing space if your are suffering with depression, anxiety, substance use issues, trauma history, or relationship issues. It takes courage to seek help and I believe change is possible when you have someone in your corner. Are you worried about your child? My practice provides a comfortable place for them to understand their moods and practice better coping skills. If you are "stuck" or just going through the motions, therapy can help.
Are you hoping to change your life or to feel better, be stronger, or to find your way out of a rough patch? I would be honored to help you along your journey. My goal is to provide a safe healing space if your are suffering with depression, anxiety, substance use issues, trauma history, or relationship issues. It takes courage to seek help and I believe change is possible when you have someone in your corner. Are you worried about your child? My practice provides a comfortable place for them to understand their moods and practice better coping skills. If you are "stuck" or just going through the motions, therapy can help.
(240) 772-5260 View (240) 772-5260
Photo of Shanna Lavjonne-Brown, Psychological Associate in Frederick, MD
Shanna Lavjonne-Brown
Psychological Associate
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21702  (Online Only)
Navigating the search for the right therapist can be challenging, and I recognize the courage required to seek help. As a psychotherapist, I offer a non-judgmental environment for children, adolescents, and adults. Building a foundation of trust, care, and respect is essential in our therapeutic relationship. I am dedicated to creating a safe space where you can explore, express, and work towards positive change. Listening attentively, understanding your unique experiences, and tailoring specialized treatments to meet individual needs are at the core of my practice.
Navigating the search for the right therapist can be challenging, and I recognize the courage required to seek help. As a psychotherapist, I offer a non-judgmental environment for children, adolescents, and adults. Building a foundation of trust, care, and respect is essential in our therapeutic relationship. I am dedicated to creating a safe space where you can explore, express, and work towards positive change. Listening attentively, understanding your unique experiences, and tailoring specialized treatments to meet individual needs are at the core of my practice.
(240) 376-4320 x2 View (240) 376-4320 x2
Photo of Meaghan Tarquinio, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Frederick, MD
Meaghan Tarquinio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21701
Trauma affects people in unique ways. It can present as depression, anger, hopelessness, anxiety or PTSD. There is no “right way” to respond to trauma. If your life is being negatively impacted by your experiences, you are worthy of the chance to heal and make strides towards wholeness and peace. I am a trauma-informed therapist dedicated to helping individuals find their path to healing. I believe in the power of resilience and the importance of creating a safe space for you. For over a decade, I have specialized in trauma with a focus on intimate partner violence, sexual assault/abuse, and adverse childhood experiences.
Trauma affects people in unique ways. It can present as depression, anger, hopelessness, anxiety or PTSD. There is no “right way” to respond to trauma. If your life is being negatively impacted by your experiences, you are worthy of the chance to heal and make strides towards wholeness and peace. I am a trauma-informed therapist dedicated to helping individuals find their path to healing. I believe in the power of resilience and the importance of creating a safe space for you. For over a decade, I have specialized in trauma with a focus on intimate partner violence, sexual assault/abuse, and adverse childhood experiences.
(240) 802-8962 View (240) 802-8962
Photo of Tara High, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Frederick, MD
Tara High
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, C-SSWS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Frederick, MD 21701  (Online Only)
There are times in life when our experiences can leave us feeling isolated, anxious, unloved, and questioning whether we are “good enough”. We may struggle to trust others or the world around us; doubting, hating, hurting or numbing ourselves in an attempt to alleviate pain. As a therapist , my goal is to help each of my clients feel as comfortable and safe as possible, in a trusting, and supportive environment.
There are times in life when our experiences can leave us feeling isolated, anxious, unloved, and questioning whether we are “good enough”. We may struggle to trust others or the world around us; doubting, hating, hurting or numbing ourselves in an attempt to alleviate pain. As a therapist , my goal is to help each of my clients feel as comfortable and safe as possible, in a trusting, and supportive environment.
(240) 209-9833 View (240) 209-9833
Photo of Kelsey Dugan, Art Therapist in Frederick, MD
Kelsey Dugan
Art Therapist, MPS, LCPAT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Frederick, MD 21704
Not accepting new clients
I’m Kelsey (she/they) & I’m a Licensed Clinical Art Therapist from Portland OR working in Frederick with 10 years of experience as an Art Therapist in the US & abroad. I help clients work through the pain of trauma, grief, anxiety, self-esteem issues, depression, relationships & family dynamics, & toxic masculinity. Clients come to me wanting to manage tough emotions, improve communication, deal with conflict & find healthy coping skills to replace the ones they started using as a means of survival that maybe aren't the safest for them. My approach is warm, patient & empowering with a bit of sass & playful humor mixed in as a treat.
I’m Kelsey (she/they) & I’m a Licensed Clinical Art Therapist from Portland OR working in Frederick with 10 years of experience as an Art Therapist in the US & abroad. I help clients work through the pain of trauma, grief, anxiety, self-esteem issues, depression, relationships & family dynamics, & toxic masculinity. Clients come to me wanting to manage tough emotions, improve communication, deal with conflict & find healthy coping skills to replace the ones they started using as a means of survival that maybe aren't the safest for them. My approach is warm, patient & empowering with a bit of sass & playful humor mixed in as a treat.
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Photo of Susan McGilloway, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Frederick, MD
Susan McGilloway
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MS, LCPC, LPCC
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21701  (Online Only)
Welcome to my world – an experience in which we engage in a unique partnership on what may be one of the most important journeys of your life. Are you feeling unloved, unappreciated, helpless, hopeless due to some unplanned reality in your life. Do you need healing from adversity such as the ending of a relationship, the loss of employment, an unexpected debilitating illness, the death of a loved one, post-partum depression. No matter what the adversity, we have resilience that lifts us up to recover from adversity, return to "normal" or create a new "normal."
Welcome to my world – an experience in which we engage in a unique partnership on what may be one of the most important journeys of your life. Are you feeling unloved, unappreciated, helpless, hopeless due to some unplanned reality in your life. Do you need healing from adversity such as the ending of a relationship, the loss of employment, an unexpected debilitating illness, the death of a loved one, post-partum depression. No matter what the adversity, we have resilience that lifts us up to recover from adversity, return to "normal" or create a new "normal."
(240) 743-3231 View (240) 743-3231
Photo of Kelly L Dalrymple, Counselor in Frederick, MD
Kelly L Dalrymple
Counselor, MEd, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Frederick, MD 21701
I work with adolescents and adults who are seeking counseling for a variety of reasons, such as healing from trauma, PTSD, Depression, Anxiety, ADHD, life transitions/adjustment, relationship issues, suicidal ideation and self-harm, LGBTQ+ issues, behavioral issues, emotional dysregulation, self-esteem, and self-exploration. Starting therapy is intimidating, so I like to start with building a trusting and collaborative relationship that will help empower clients in their healing process. The human experience can be difficult to navigate so It is my goal to provide a safe space where clients don’t have to face it alone.
I work with adolescents and adults who are seeking counseling for a variety of reasons, such as healing from trauma, PTSD, Depression, Anxiety, ADHD, life transitions/adjustment, relationship issues, suicidal ideation and self-harm, LGBTQ+ issues, behavioral issues, emotional dysregulation, self-esteem, and self-exploration. Starting therapy is intimidating, so I like to start with building a trusting and collaborative relationship that will help empower clients in their healing process. The human experience can be difficult to navigate so It is my goal to provide a safe space where clients don’t have to face it alone.
(301) 477-8869 View (301) 477-8869
Photo of Jesse Gold, Counselor in Frederick, MD
Jesse Gold
Counselor, LGPC
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21701  (Online Only)
We all have that voice in our heads saying we are not good enough, not attractive enough, not capable, or somehow inferior. A lifetime of living in a normative culture that dismisses or marginalizes our identities and individuality has led a lot of us to feel uncertain, frightened, anxious, depressed, or struggling with other mental health issues.I am a gender affirming queer positive therapist with a lifelong commitment to social justice that includes advocating for access to mental health care for all.
We all have that voice in our heads saying we are not good enough, not attractive enough, not capable, or somehow inferior. A lifetime of living in a normative culture that dismisses or marginalizes our identities and individuality has led a lot of us to feel uncertain, frightened, anxious, depressed, or struggling with other mental health issues.I am a gender affirming queer positive therapist with a lifelong commitment to social justice that includes advocating for access to mental health care for all.
(240) 929-1830 View (240) 929-1830
Photo of Jessica Fitzpatrick, Counselor in Frederick, MD
Jessica Fitzpatrick
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Frederick, MD 21701  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, located in Frederick, Maryland. I offer teletherapy services across the state of Maryland. I specialize in treating adults with anxiety, depression, grief, stress and relationship issues.
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, located in Frederick, Maryland. I offer teletherapy services across the state of Maryland. I specialize in treating adults with anxiety, depression, grief, stress and relationship issues.
(240) 608-6784 View (240) 608-6784
Photo of Safoura Moraveji, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Frederick, MD
Safoura Moraveji
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, LICSW
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21702  (Online Only)
Safoura Moraveji is a seasoned licensed psychotherapist who has been practicing in Maryland and the District of Columbia since 1988. Safoura's most current work has focused primarily on adults experiencing major life transitions such as divorce, family, career moves, and illness. After graduating from the University of Maryland in College Park with her master’s degree in social work, Safoura turned her attention toward psychoanalytic psychotherapy and studies in Gestalt-Existential psychotherapy. Her specialized focuses include working with adults who suffer from severe mood and panic disorders, depression, and anxiety.
Safoura Moraveji is a seasoned licensed psychotherapist who has been practicing in Maryland and the District of Columbia since 1988. Safoura's most current work has focused primarily on adults experiencing major life transitions such as divorce, family, career moves, and illness. After graduating from the University of Maryland in College Park with her master’s degree in social work, Safoura turned her attention toward psychoanalytic psychotherapy and studies in Gestalt-Existential psychotherapy. Her specialized focuses include working with adults who suffer from severe mood and panic disorders, depression, and anxiety.
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Photo of Sarah Irene Wirth, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Frederick, MD
Sarah Irene Wirth
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21702
"Between stimulus and response, there is a space. In that space is our power to choose our response. In our response lies our growth and our freedom." (Viktor Frankl) Many of those I work with are dealing with issues of grief and loss. Others suffer from addictions and desire to embark on a recovery path, or love someone with addictions and need to learn how to take care of themselves. Many are journeying through resolving trauma, anxiety, stress or depression issues. Regardless of your pain, I am invested in your growth, emotional freedom and creating your wellness plan.
"Between stimulus and response, there is a space. In that space is our power to choose our response. In our response lies our growth and our freedom." (Viktor Frankl) Many of those I work with are dealing with issues of grief and loss. Others suffer from addictions and desire to embark on a recovery path, or love someone with addictions and need to learn how to take care of themselves. Many are journeying through resolving trauma, anxiety, stress or depression issues. Regardless of your pain, I am invested in your growth, emotional freedom and creating your wellness plan.
(240) 285-5802 View (240) 285-5802
Photo of Rachel Hansberger, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Frederick, MD
Rachel Hansberger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Frederick, MD 21701
Life can be so challenging... at times feeling like the point of it all is hidden somewhere. Have you felt lost, wondering how to navigate through the changes of life, the ups and downs that come? Symptoms like anxiety and depression can feel isolating and suffocating, leading you to question how to live out your purpose. I am here and ready to support you. I've started Transformed by Grace, LLC with the intention of guiding my clients through life's stressors with God first as a primary source of support. This will be a space you can share and work toward your transformation, regardless of where you are in your faith.
Life can be so challenging... at times feeling like the point of it all is hidden somewhere. Have you felt lost, wondering how to navigate through the changes of life, the ups and downs that come? Symptoms like anxiety and depression can feel isolating and suffocating, leading you to question how to live out your purpose. I am here and ready to support you. I've started Transformed by Grace, LLC with the intention of guiding my clients through life's stressors with God first as a primary source of support. This will be a space you can share and work toward your transformation, regardless of where you are in your faith.
(240) 730-2948 View (240) 730-2948
Photo of Jordan Cox, Counselor in Frederick, MD
Jordan Cox
Counselor, LGPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Frederick, MD 21702
Hello! My name is Jordan and I am a Licensed Graduate Professional Counselor who enjoys working with individuals to better understand their experiences and overcome difficult times. As an EMDR & DBT trained therapist, I have worked to support those struggling with chronic mental illness, athletes, those who have experienced trauma, anxiety and depression, as well as processing interpersonal relationship struggles.
Hello! My name is Jordan and I am a Licensed Graduate Professional Counselor who enjoys working with individuals to better understand their experiences and overcome difficult times. As an EMDR & DBT trained therapist, I have worked to support those struggling with chronic mental illness, athletes, those who have experienced trauma, anxiety and depression, as well as processing interpersonal relationship struggles.
(240) 219-4574 View (240) 219-4574
Photo of Susan Mary Smith, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Frederick, MD
Susan Mary Smith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21704  (Online Only)
I have over twenty years experience working with survivors of childhood trauma, intimate partner violence, struggling couples, grief support, children/family issues, substance misuse, relapse prevention, mood disorders and aging concerns. I enjoy working with people who are struggling to find a path, to assist individuals to feel motivated, empowered, to feel more fulfilled and to find meaning and joy in their lives again.
I have over twenty years experience working with survivors of childhood trauma, intimate partner violence, struggling couples, grief support, children/family issues, substance misuse, relapse prevention, mood disorders and aging concerns. I enjoy working with people who are struggling to find a path, to assist individuals to feel motivated, empowered, to feel more fulfilled and to find meaning and joy in their lives again.
(240) 262-3340 View (240) 262-3340
Photo of Debbie Hedges, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Frederick, MD
Debbie Hedges
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21702
Waitlist for new clients
I am passionate about being present with clients using an individualized, holistic approach that focuses on aligning body, mind, and spirit. I work with individuals working through a variety of challenges including compassion fatigue, stress management, burnout recovery, grief and loss, life transitions, end of life preparations, aging and mental health, anxiety, and mood disorders. I have extensive experience working with older adults, caregivers, and healthcare professionals.
I am passionate about being present with clients using an individualized, holistic approach that focuses on aligning body, mind, and spirit. I work with individuals working through a variety of challenges including compassion fatigue, stress management, burnout recovery, grief and loss, life transitions, end of life preparations, aging and mental health, anxiety, and mood disorders. I have extensive experience working with older adults, caregivers, and healthcare professionals.
(240) 376-3119 x1 View (240) 376-3119 x1
Photo of Toresa Wilson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Frederick, MD
Toresa Wilson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Frederick, MD 21701  (Online Only)
Do you struggle with living as a married single mom which affects your day-to-day life, marriage or ability to function how you used to before kids? Do you feel exhausted, overwhelmed, frustrated and lost by the thought that there’s no light at the end of the tunnel? Do you question if it would be better if you were an actual single mom? Now more than ever moms are fed up about being a married single mom, and anxious about finding their place in life.
Do you struggle with living as a married single mom which affects your day-to-day life, marriage or ability to function how you used to before kids? Do you feel exhausted, overwhelmed, frustrated and lost by the thought that there’s no light at the end of the tunnel? Do you question if it would be better if you were an actual single mom? Now more than ever moms are fed up about being a married single mom, and anxious about finding their place in life.
(240) 913-6897 View (240) 913-6897
Photo of Katelyn Erbacher, Counselor in Frederick, MD
Katelyn Erbacher
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Frederick, MD 21704  (Online Only)
I will be taking maternity leave during late summer 2024 my return will be in Fall 2024. My experience is primarily working with adults with ADHD and/or trauma. I love to help clients with ADHD build systems to help them meet the challenges of their executive dysfunction head on. As a person with ADHD, I understand the unique challenge of feeling like you're fighting against your brain to make things happen. I have also trained in providing EMDR therapy to help reprocess traumatic experiences and negative thoughts. Trauma means different things to different people, but whatever it means to you is valid.
I will be taking maternity leave during late summer 2024 my return will be in Fall 2024. My experience is primarily working with adults with ADHD and/or trauma. I love to help clients with ADHD build systems to help them meet the challenges of their executive dysfunction head on. As a person with ADHD, I understand the unique challenge of feeling like you're fighting against your brain to make things happen. I have also trained in providing EMDR therapy to help reprocess traumatic experiences and negative thoughts. Trauma means different things to different people, but whatever it means to you is valid.
(240) 255-9382 View (240) 255-9382
Photo of Caitlyn Mejia, Licensed Professional Counselor in Frederick, MD
Caitlyn Mejia
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21702  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Have you ever experienced abuse in a relationship or trauma from your past? You may be wondering how you could begin to recover from it. You might feel guilt or frustration, or like the weight of the world is on your shoulders. Or maybe you’re afraid that there’s little hope for your healing. If so, you’ve come to the right place.
Have you ever experienced abuse in a relationship or trauma from your past? You may be wondering how you could begin to recover from it. You might feel guilt or frustration, or like the weight of the world is on your shoulders. Or maybe you’re afraid that there’s little hope for your healing. If so, you’ve come to the right place.
(240) 209-9760 View (240) 209-9760
Photo of Joselyn Brown, Counselor in Frederick, MD
Joselyn Brown
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21702
My ideal client presents depressive symptoms related to trauma & grief. They express that they want to process unresolved childhood issues. They express that the issues have prevented close relationships with their adult children. They want forgiveness and help in creating better ties. The goal may be to explore & resolve issues related to traumatic events and improve overall mood. Interventions may include sharing details of the event and how it has affected their relationships, using positive self-talk, developing positive coping skills, and identifying effective strategies to communicate thoughts and feelings.
My ideal client presents depressive symptoms related to trauma & grief. They express that they want to process unresolved childhood issues. They express that the issues have prevented close relationships with their adult children. They want forgiveness and help in creating better ties. The goal may be to explore & resolve issues related to traumatic events and improve overall mood. Interventions may include sharing details of the event and how it has affected their relationships, using positive self-talk, developing positive coping skills, and identifying effective strategies to communicate thoughts and feelings.
(240) 410-5724 View (240) 410-5724
Photo of Andrew Schmidt | Roundhouse Llc, Licensed Professional Counselor in Frederick, MD
Andrew Schmidt | Roundhouse Llc
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Frederick, MD 21701
Waitlist for new clients
As a counselor, Andrew utilizes an integrative and experiential approach based on a whole-person perspective that addresses mind, body, and spirit. His goal is to provide an environment where individuals, couples, and families are able to find hope, healing, and wholeness. Andrew emphasizes the therapeutic relationship and aims to empathize and resonate with the client's story and situation. He believes that every person has been created with a unique purpose and unlimited potential.
As a counselor, Andrew utilizes an integrative and experiential approach based on a whole-person perspective that addresses mind, body, and spirit. His goal is to provide an environment where individuals, couples, and families are able to find hope, healing, and wholeness. Andrew emphasizes the therapeutic relationship and aims to empathize and resonate with the client's story and situation. He believes that every person has been created with a unique purpose and unlimited potential.
(240) 397-9027 View (240) 397-9027

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Frederick, MD

500+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Frederick, MD who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
72% Coping Skills
72% Stress
70% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% BlueCross and BlueShield
72% CareFirst
65% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Frederick, MD see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
16% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Frederick?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.