Therapists in Encino, CA

Photo of Dr. Valinda Bowens, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Valinda Bowens
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Encino, CA 91436  (Online Only)
Though you move forward daily, you struggle with confidence and experience feelings of fear, anxiety & loneliness. You may feel overwhelmed, unloved, and unseen. While you may not understand how you got off track, you lack a sense of purpose: not finding true happiness in your daily living, difficulty feeling & expressing gratitude, and never truly living in the moment. Past hurt has caused you to build up protective barriers & while they help in some aspects, they also create an inability to connect. You’ve worked hard & accomplished so much, yet you struggle with persistent feelings of self-doubt. You may wonder: Where did "I" go.
Though you move forward daily, you struggle with confidence and experience feelings of fear, anxiety & loneliness. You may feel overwhelmed, unloved, and unseen. While you may not understand how you got off track, you lack a sense of purpose: not finding true happiness in your daily living, difficulty feeling & expressing gratitude, and never truly living in the moment. Past hurt has caused you to build up protective barriers & while they help in some aspects, they also create an inability to connect. You’ve worked hard & accomplished so much, yet you struggle with persistent feelings of self-doubt. You may wonder: Where did "I" go.
(323) 417-6673 View (323) 417-6673
Photo of Keonna Robinson, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Keonna Robinson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436  (Online Only)
Life, without a doubt, can be burdensome with its obligations and expectations often leaving us feeling stuck, unheard and alone. Between managing the demands of daily stressors it can feel like we're drowning and we forget to take care of ourselves. Yet, the gift of self expression gives us permission to return the love and energy we give outwardly to ourselves. Using strength-based techniques, I work collaboratively with individuals, couples and families seeking lasting relief from the strife's of “adulting”, anxiety, depression and complex trauma.
Life, without a doubt, can be burdensome with its obligations and expectations often leaving us feeling stuck, unheard and alone. Between managing the demands of daily stressors it can feel like we're drowning and we forget to take care of ourselves. Yet, the gift of self expression gives us permission to return the love and energy we give outwardly to ourselves. Using strength-based techniques, I work collaboratively with individuals, couples and families seeking lasting relief from the strife's of “adulting”, anxiety, depression and complex trauma.
(510) 822-8948 View (510) 822-8948
Photo of Crystal Guzman - Find Your Balance Ctr For Growth & Change, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Find Your Balance Ctr For Growth & Change
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Encino, CA 91436  (Online Only)
Tired of searching for the right therapist that takes your insurance ? We are a group practice with a variety of different therapist to chose from with one phone call. Our world is very unpredictable right now. Are you finding yourself worrying more than usual or struggling with how to adjust to being home and under quarantine? Feeling even more alone and isolated than usual? It’s time to pick up the phone and call us. Your NOT alone. We will be there for you week after week while the world is changing . We can work with you on a consistent basis to get through this and help you decrease your stress and anxiety.
Tired of searching for the right therapist that takes your insurance ? We are a group practice with a variety of different therapist to chose from with one phone call. Our world is very unpredictable right now. Are you finding yourself worrying more than usual or struggling with how to adjust to being home and under quarantine? Feeling even more alone and isolated than usual? It’s time to pick up the phone and call us. Your NOT alone. We will be there for you week after week while the world is changing . We can work with you on a consistent basis to get through this and help you decrease your stress and anxiety.
(818) 403-3717 View (818) 403-3717
Photo of Judith Sherwin -  Dr. Judith Sherwin, PsyD, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Judith Sherwin
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91316  (Online Only)
Would you like to go from having Problems to finding Solutions? I primarily use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help you quickly move from being stressed and stuck to being unstressed and unstuck, especially with managing anxiety. Brief (1-2 page) optional self-help lessons are available to expedite your progress as well as teaching you other techniques that are useful in relieving symptoms of emotional chaos. How would you like your life to look? I'd like to be of help.
Would you like to go from having Problems to finding Solutions? I primarily use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help you quickly move from being stressed and stuck to being unstressed and unstuck, especially with managing anxiety. Brief (1-2 page) optional self-help lessons are available to expedite your progress as well as teaching you other techniques that are useful in relieving symptoms of emotional chaos. How would you like your life to look? I'd like to be of help.
(818) 418-8530 View (818) 418-8530
Photo of Lisa Oxman, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lisa Oxman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91316
People tend to seek help when their lives feel out of balance. Sometimes this can be caused by a new or difficult situation, such as a shift in career plans, family life, or an intimate relationship that leads one to experience feelings of confusion and sadness. Other times we may not be sure where our depression or anxiety stem from at all. As humans, we possess a strong capacity for resilience and self-care, but it is when our regular coping strategies no longer work that we may turn to therapy for new perspectives and outcomes.
People tend to seek help when their lives feel out of balance. Sometimes this can be caused by a new or difficult situation, such as a shift in career plans, family life, or an intimate relationship that leads one to experience feelings of confusion and sadness. Other times we may not be sure where our depression or anxiety stem from at all. As humans, we possess a strong capacity for resilience and self-care, but it is when our regular coping strategies no longer work that we may turn to therapy for new perspectives and outcomes.
(818) 452-4875 View (818) 452-4875
Photo of Alexandra Mirsakova: Hope Therapy Group, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Alexandra Mirsakova: Hope Therapy Group
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436
Hello, I'm Alex (she/her) and I am an AMFT. I specialize in creating an all-accepting space for clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, and emotional disconnect by taking an eclectic, collaborative and open approach. I enjoy working with teens, adult individuals and support groups. I work mainly with trauma, depression and anxiety. Some of my favorite approaches include empowering and collaborating with my clients to help them fulfill their therapy goals.
Hello, I'm Alex (she/her) and I am an AMFT. I specialize in creating an all-accepting space for clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, and emotional disconnect by taking an eclectic, collaborative and open approach. I enjoy working with teens, adult individuals and support groups. I work mainly with trauma, depression and anxiety. Some of my favorite approaches include empowering and collaborating with my clients to help them fulfill their therapy goals.
(747) 298-7839 View (747) 298-7839
Photo of Tracy Sway Hofstatter, LMFT, ATR-BC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Tracy Sway Hofstatter
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Encino, CA 91436  (Online Only)
If the demands of work, family and the stresses of modern life have left you feeling overwhelmed, and stuck, you may be struggling to find your inner compass. Maybe you are a creative adult trying to find your sense of self in a demanding world. Maybe you are a parent, and growing your family has shifted your sense of balance. You may be feeling disconnected from your authentic self. You may be experiencing anxiety, overwhelm, lack of joy. You want to feel balanced and aligned with your most vibrant self, but that feels out of reach. I'll help you access your strength and creativity to live a life attuned with your values and goals.
If the demands of work, family and the stresses of modern life have left you feeling overwhelmed, and stuck, you may be struggling to find your inner compass. Maybe you are a creative adult trying to find your sense of self in a demanding world. Maybe you are a parent, and growing your family has shifted your sense of balance. You may be feeling disconnected from your authentic self. You may be experiencing anxiety, overwhelm, lack of joy. You want to feel balanced and aligned with your most vibrant self, but that feels out of reach. I'll help you access your strength and creativity to live a life attuned with your values and goals.
(818) 495-8897 View (818) 495-8897
Photo of Patricia Frances James, AMFT, APCC, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Patricia Frances James
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Encino, CA 91436
Let's work together to learn who you are now so you can make thoughtful choices moving toward who you want to be. Overwhelming emotions can derail your best intentions and interfere with your goals, dreams, and connections with others. Adding to the mix are invalidating or problematic environments that make us feel devalued or ashamed. I understand firsthand the unique challenges faced by creative professionals. Asking for help is tough; building a healthier, more compassionate relationship with yourself, others, and your nervous system can be even tougher without support.
Let's work together to learn who you are now so you can make thoughtful choices moving toward who you want to be. Overwhelming emotions can derail your best intentions and interfere with your goals, dreams, and connections with others. Adding to the mix are invalidating or problematic environments that make us feel devalued or ashamed. I understand firsthand the unique challenges faced by creative professionals. Asking for help is tough; building a healthier, more compassionate relationship with yourself, others, and your nervous system can be even tougher without support.
(747) 302-4256 View (747) 302-4256
Photo of David Buik, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
David Buik
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436
I like to say almost no one ever wakes up and says, "I feel great today! Let me find a therapist." So if you're reading this, one of 2 things has most likely happened: you're in the middle of a big change and it feels overwhelming or you're feeling stuck and need some help. And if you've made it this far, you might be asking yourself: how do I find the right therapist, and how will I fit therapy into my busy schedule? I get it. I love helping people push through life's scary transitions and I have appointments available evenings and Sundays.
I like to say almost no one ever wakes up and says, "I feel great today! Let me find a therapist." So if you're reading this, one of 2 things has most likely happened: you're in the middle of a big change and it feels overwhelming or you're feeling stuck and need some help. And if you've made it this far, you might be asking yourself: how do I find the right therapist, and how will I fit therapy into my busy schedule? I get it. I love helping people push through life's scary transitions and I have appointments available evenings and Sundays.
(323) 498-1235 View (323) 498-1235
Ken Scott
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436
Everyone can enjoy a satisfying life of love, work and play. However, we may find ourselves in personal patterns, relationships, or with life issues that keep us from living to our fullest. Though circumstances and illness are difficult, our manner of dealing with them determines whether we are happy or sad, engaged or depressed, relaxed or anxious, and even feeling physically unwell or healthy. Trauma and poor coping are often related to our past desperate attempts to take care of ourselves in difficult situations. Through a passionate, humor-filled, authentic journey we can seek to understand and change your life.
Everyone can enjoy a satisfying life of love, work and play. However, we may find ourselves in personal patterns, relationships, or with life issues that keep us from living to our fullest. Though circumstances and illness are difficult, our manner of dealing with them determines whether we are happy or sad, engaged or depressed, relaxed or anxious, and even feeling physically unwell or healthy. Trauma and poor coping are often related to our past desperate attempts to take care of ourselves in difficult situations. Through a passionate, humor-filled, authentic journey we can seek to understand and change your life.
(310) 919-4234 View (310) 919-4234
Photo of Janet Bayramyan - Road to Wellness Therapy, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Road to Wellness Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Encino, CA 91316
If you're feeling stuck, anxious, or depressed, I'm glad you're here. My goal is to support you in getting relief, clarity, and hope. I am a licensed therapist in the states of CA, FL, SC, TX, & CT. I enjoy utilizing mind & body integration for both growth and healing, while also collaborating with you to cultivate balance and meeting your goals. I work with clients who experience challenges in their intimate relationships, big and small traumas, anxiety, and attachment wounds. It's important to me that you feel comfortable in our sessions. We are on this journey of your healing together and my style is collaborative and warm.
If you're feeling stuck, anxious, or depressed, I'm glad you're here. My goal is to support you in getting relief, clarity, and hope. I am a licensed therapist in the states of CA, FL, SC, TX, & CT. I enjoy utilizing mind & body integration for both growth and healing, while also collaborating with you to cultivate balance and meeting your goals. I work with clients who experience challenges in their intimate relationships, big and small traumas, anxiety, and attachment wounds. It's important to me that you feel comfortable in our sessions. We are on this journey of your healing together and my style is collaborative and warm.
(323) 312-3977 View (323) 312-3977
Richard Lenchner
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436
My name is Richard Lenchner, LMFT and I have been a practicing therapist for approximately 31 years. I believe that everyone deserves a happy and healthy life. This can be achieved when you learn how to balance your life emotionally, spiritually, physically and mentally (ESPM). I specialize in helping individuals deal with addiction/recovery, grief/loss, depression, anxiety, codependency, motivation, self-esteem/worth and finding their balance. Together we can work on helping you achieve confidence, happiness and a fulfilling life.
My name is Richard Lenchner, LMFT and I have been a practicing therapist for approximately 31 years. I believe that everyone deserves a happy and healthy life. This can be achieved when you learn how to balance your life emotionally, spiritually, physically and mentally (ESPM). I specialize in helping individuals deal with addiction/recovery, grief/loss, depression, anxiety, codependency, motivation, self-esteem/worth and finding their balance. Together we can work on helping you achieve confidence, happiness and a fulfilling life.
(818) 208-4315 View (818) 208-4315
Photo of James W Gilbert, LMFT, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
James W Gilbert
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436
Is your family having difficulty with your child's transition through adolescence? Is your child having issues in school or with peers? Has your child received a diagnosis that he or she is struggling with? I can help improve communication within your family and address issues that arise within families with adolescents and young adults. I work with adolescents individually or with the family as a whole. Let me help facilitate growth and improve interactions with the goal of a more peaceful daily life.
Is your family having difficulty with your child's transition through adolescence? Is your child having issues in school or with peers? Has your child received a diagnosis that he or she is struggling with? I can help improve communication within your family and address issues that arise within families with adolescents and young adults. I work with adolescents individually or with the family as a whole. Let me help facilitate growth and improve interactions with the goal of a more peaceful daily life.
(626) 722-5417 View (626) 722-5417
Photo of Celeste Elizabeth Athena Zarpas, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Celeste Elizabeth Athena Zarpas
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Encino, CA 91316  (Online Only)
Welcome! I believe the goal of therapy is to create insight and self-awareness. If we are better able to understand who we are and why we engage in the behaviors we do, we are able to make changes in our lives. My job is to offer a supportive environment, in which you feel safe to explore who you are.
Welcome! I believe the goal of therapy is to create insight and self-awareness. If we are better able to understand who we are and why we engage in the behaviors we do, we are able to make changes in our lives. My job is to offer a supportive environment, in which you feel safe to explore who you are.
(818) 740-5375 View (818) 740-5375
Photo of Edward Bowz, LMFT, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Edward Bowz
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Encino, CA 91436
A Tailored Therapeutic Approach: You are unique and so is the issue you are struggling with. I do not believe there is only one path to a healthier life. In my experience, one style of therapy does not fit every person or every challenge. My responsibility, as your therapist, is to identify the blend of therapeutic approaches that best connect with you and your personality. In this way, together, we can effectively overcome your obstacles and bring about the change you seek and deserve. Therapy is not cookie-cutter. It should not pigeonhole. I work with you, not a textbook version of your issue.
A Tailored Therapeutic Approach: You are unique and so is the issue you are struggling with. I do not believe there is only one path to a healthier life. In my experience, one style of therapy does not fit every person or every challenge. My responsibility, as your therapist, is to identify the blend of therapeutic approaches that best connect with you and your personality. In this way, together, we can effectively overcome your obstacles and bring about the change you seek and deserve. Therapy is not cookie-cutter. It should not pigeonhole. I work with you, not a textbook version of your issue.
(818) 877-4255 View (818) 877-4255
Sandra Lee Wilder
Psychologist, PhD, FIPA
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436
I have been practicing psychotherapy for 25 plus years. I have an undergraduate degree and completed graduate work in Child Development, before I earned my Masters and PhD in Clinical Psychology. I take a developmental perspective with my work with children and adults. I received additional training at LAISPS for a PSY.D in psychoanalysis and I am a practicing psychoanalyst.
I have been practicing psychotherapy for 25 plus years. I have an undergraduate degree and completed graduate work in Child Development, before I earned my Masters and PhD in Clinical Psychology. I take a developmental perspective with my work with children and adults. I received additional training at LAISPS for a PSY.D in psychoanalysis and I am a practicing psychoanalyst.
(818) 963-9432 View (818) 963-9432
Photo of Eva Patrick, PsyD, Psychologist
Eva Patrick
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436
Do you wish to "restart" your life? This desire manifests differently for each of us, but the common factor is a sense that “something is missing.” In my practice, my clients and I work on understanding what has been in the way of taking action to fulfill that missing piece. We then create increased structure, focus, and schedule, alongside exploring your underlying reasons for not taking the level of action you wish to or your lack of motivation. If you feel a bit lost or have realized that you procrastinate around the endeavors and dreams that matter most to you, I can help you to gain clarity into your next step.
Do you wish to "restart" your life? This desire manifests differently for each of us, but the common factor is a sense that “something is missing.” In my practice, my clients and I work on understanding what has been in the way of taking action to fulfill that missing piece. We then create increased structure, focus, and schedule, alongside exploring your underlying reasons for not taking the level of action you wish to or your lack of motivation. If you feel a bit lost or have realized that you procrastinate around the endeavors and dreams that matter most to you, I can help you to gain clarity into your next step.
(818) 465-5980 View (818) 465-5980
Photo of Anna Gershelis - Change Within Reach, PhD, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Change Within Reach
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91316
At Change Within Reach, we know that seeking therapy is a courageous step, and we’re here to support you with compassion, expertise, and personalized care. Founded in 2015 by Anna Gershelis, Ph.D., LCSW, our clinic has grown into a thriving practice dedicated to providing holistic, client-centered mental health services. Our team of licensed therapists is passionate about helping you make lasting, meaningful change.
At Change Within Reach, we know that seeking therapy is a courageous step, and we’re here to support you with compassion, expertise, and personalized care. Founded in 2015 by Anna Gershelis, Ph.D., LCSW, our clinic has grown into a thriving practice dedicated to providing holistic, client-centered mental health services. Our team of licensed therapists is passionate about helping you make lasting, meaningful change.
(818) 463-1124 View (818) 463-1124
Photo of Beth Leedham - Individuals And Couples, PhD, Psychologist
Beth Leedham - Individuals And Couples
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436
With twenty-five years of experience and outstanding credentials, I have two goals for my clients: Solve the immediate problem that brings you to therapy, and promote lasting change. My arenas of work include depression, anxiety, stress, and relationship difficulties. I have extensive training in couples therapy and am an AASECT-Certified Sex Therapist. I deal with all manner of sexual issues, including desire problems, addiction, affairs, and the "sexless marriage." I welcome clients from varied backgrounds and communities.
With twenty-five years of experience and outstanding credentials, I have two goals for my clients: Solve the immediate problem that brings you to therapy, and promote lasting change. My arenas of work include depression, anxiety, stress, and relationship difficulties. I have extensive training in couples therapy and am an AASECT-Certified Sex Therapist. I deal with all manner of sexual issues, including desire problems, addiction, affairs, and the "sexless marriage." I welcome clients from varied backgrounds and communities.
(818) 963-9278 View (818) 963-9278
Photo of B Edward K Shahrokh, PsyD, Psychologist
B Edward K Shahrokh
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Encino, CA 91436
As a psychologist, I am able to help by combining the science of psychology with the art of psychotherapy to improve functioning in work, love & play.
As a psychologist, I am able to help by combining the science of psychology with the art of psychotherapy to improve functioning in work, love & play.
(818) 614-5515 View (818) 614-5515
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Encino, CA

600+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in Encino, CA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
88% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
69% Coping Skills
68% Trauma and PTSD
64% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

61% Aetna
57% Cigna and Evernorth
47% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Encino, CA see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Encino?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.