Photo of Starlett Armstrong, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Starlett Armstrong
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33620  (Online Only)
Therapy is a collaborative/interactive process that allows you the freedom as well as the privacy to discuss issues that are too painful or difficult to discuss with your family and/or friends. Together, we will explore what brings you distress as well as what brings you relief. Therapy is designed to help empower you to accomplish mental health wellness and treatment goals. For therapy to be most effective, it is imperative that you take an active part in your treatment journey.
Therapy is a collaborative/interactive process that allows you the freedom as well as the privacy to discuss issues that are too painful or difficult to discuss with your family and/or friends. Together, we will explore what brings you distress as well as what brings you relief. Therapy is designed to help empower you to accomplish mental health wellness and treatment goals. For therapy to be most effective, it is imperative that you take an active part in your treatment journey.
(321) 353-6320 View (321) 353-6320
Photo of Lea C. Beal, MSW, RCSWI
Lea C. Beal
Registered Clinical Social Worker Intern, MSW, RCSWI
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33620  (Online Only)
Offering evening and weekend availability! - Is it a struggle to get out of bed lately? You know you're not a lazy person, but you just can't find the motivation you once had. Do you feel overwhelmed by life and afraid you won't be back to get back on track? Are you feeling disconnected from friends and family? Irritable and angry? You're not alone.
Offering evening and weekend availability! - Is it a struggle to get out of bed lately? You know you're not a lazy person, but you just can't find the motivation you once had. Do you feel overwhelmed by life and afraid you won't be back to get back on track? Are you feeling disconnected from friends and family? Irritable and angry? You're not alone.
(813) 497-4034 View (813) 497-4034
Photo of Spencer M Lee, MA, NCC, Counselor
Spencer M Lee
Counselor, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33620
In counseling, I believe in meeting my clients where they are and helping them achieve the goals they set for themselves. I want my clients to realize the decisions they make have consequences, good and bad, and like to assist them to remain accountable for their decisions. It is important for me to look at the client as a whole, to help determine the course of treatment that will suit them best. I look forward to helping you reach your goals.
In counseling, I believe in meeting my clients where they are and helping them achieve the goals they set for themselves. I want my clients to realize the decisions they make have consequences, good and bad, and like to assist them to remain accountable for their decisions. It is important for me to look at the client as a whole, to help determine the course of treatment that will suit them best. I look forward to helping you reach your goals.
(941) 241-2860 View (941) 241-2860
Photo of Graci Tipton, MA, LMHC, EMDR, Counselor
Graci Tipton
Counselor, MA, LMHC, EMDR
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33620  (Online Only)
The quality of counseling should not suffer because you cannot make it physically into an office for an hour a week. As a counselor, my focus is on providing a safe and empathetic space where you can express yourself and become empowered without any fear of judgement. I have experience working with PTSD, trauma, stress, relationship issues, anxiety, depression, ADHD, OCD, interpersonal relationships, chronic illness, and neurodivergence.
The quality of counseling should not suffer because you cannot make it physically into an office for an hour a week. As a counselor, my focus is on providing a safe and empathetic space where you can express yourself and become empowered without any fear of judgement. I have experience working with PTSD, trauma, stress, relationship issues, anxiety, depression, ADHD, OCD, interpersonal relationships, chronic illness, and neurodivergence.
(239) 323-6980 View (239) 323-6980
Photo of Kristin White, MS, LMHC
Kristin White
MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33620
It's inevitable, life can have its rough patches. We may feel like we don't have control. You wonder: Why am I not happy? What's missing? Why can't I move forward? Sometimes we need help navigating towards our best selves and that's OK. If you're feeling overwhelmed, depressed, or struggling through life transitions and you're looking to make changes, I'm here to offer you support and assistance. Therapy is an invitation to promote increased self-awareness and positive changes. Change can be difficult to navigate but with the right tools and goals set in place, collaboratively we can get you to where you want to be.
It's inevitable, life can have its rough patches. We may feel like we don't have control. You wonder: Why am I not happy? What's missing? Why can't I move forward? Sometimes we need help navigating towards our best selves and that's OK. If you're feeling overwhelmed, depressed, or struggling through life transitions and you're looking to make changes, I'm here to offer you support and assistance. Therapy is an invitation to promote increased self-awareness and positive changes. Change can be difficult to navigate but with the right tools and goals set in place, collaboratively we can get you to where you want to be.
(813) 212-2239 View (813) 212-2239
Photo of Dr. Alice Phang ❘ K-Inner Beauty ᐧ Mental Health, PhD, LP, Psychologist
Dr. Alice Phang ❘ K-Inner Beauty ᐧ Mental Health
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33620  (Online Only)
Hello! I'm Dr. Alice, the lead psychologist at CedarSeoul, where we are dedicated to enhancing both inner beauty and mental health. Our holistic approach harmonizes the physical, mental, emotional, social, and spiritual facets of well-being, helping you achieve a balanced and empowered life. Whether you seek personal growth or organizational excellence, our individualized counseling and educational seminars are tailored to meet your unique needs and goals.
Hello! I'm Dr. Alice, the lead psychologist at CedarSeoul, where we are dedicated to enhancing both inner beauty and mental health. Our holistic approach harmonizes the physical, mental, emotional, social, and spiritual facets of well-being, helping you achieve a balanced and empowered life. Whether you seek personal growth or organizational excellence, our individualized counseling and educational seminars are tailored to meet your unique needs and goals.
(323) 417-9859 View (323) 417-9859
Photo of Dr. Zenia Harris - Grace Behavioral Health, LLC, DCL, LCSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Grace Behavioral Health, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DCL, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33620
Some days you feel like a rockstar! Some days you barely make it out of bed! Both days are okay! Impacted by divorce, co-parenting challenges, work-life balance, miscarriage, low self-esteem, infidelity? Constantly worrying about "what's next?" Do you talk yourself out of positive things? Constantly overthinking? I have been there too! I am ready to help you eliminate your symptoms of Anxiety and Depression. The vision for Grace Behavioral Health is to support professional women who desire to live unhindered by anxiety and depression. I’m honored to create a safe place that fosters healing, grace and optimal mental wellness.
Some days you feel like a rockstar! Some days you barely make it out of bed! Both days are okay! Impacted by divorce, co-parenting challenges, work-life balance, miscarriage, low self-esteem, infidelity? Constantly worrying about "what's next?" Do you talk yourself out of positive things? Constantly overthinking? I have been there too! I am ready to help you eliminate your symptoms of Anxiety and Depression. The vision for Grace Behavioral Health is to support professional women who desire to live unhindered by anxiety and depression. I’m honored to create a safe place that fosters healing, grace and optimal mental wellness.
(352) 290-8010 View (352) 290-8010
Photo of Kim Jeluso - Kim Jeluso LCSW, LLC, LCSW, ACHP-SW, QS, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kim Jeluso LCSW, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACHP-SW, QS
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33620
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 26 years of diverse clinical experience. I I have worked with adults suffering from depression, anxiety, anger management, chronic illnesses, caregiver role strain, grief and loss. While working With couples, I help with communication, conflict resolution, parenting issues and goal setting. I understand the range of emotional, behavioral, and life experiences that bring a client into treatment and I am dedicated to support guide, and challenge my client into deepened insight and awareness, and healthy coping through an open and supporting environment.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 26 years of diverse clinical experience. I I have worked with adults suffering from depression, anxiety, anger management, chronic illnesses, caregiver role strain, grief and loss. While working With couples, I help with communication, conflict resolution, parenting issues and goal setting. I understand the range of emotional, behavioral, and life experiences that bring a client into treatment and I am dedicated to support guide, and challenge my client into deepened insight and awareness, and healthy coping through an open and supporting environment.
(561) 945-8576 View (561) 945-8576
Photo of Marjorie Palacios, MS, Counselor
Marjorie Palacios
Counselor, MS
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33620
Are you struggling or feel stuck? Are these challenges affecting your personal or professional life, as well as the way you relate to your partner, child, and others? If you are considering psychotherapy, you are taking the first step toward positive and lasting change. Through the process of guided self-exploration, you will be empowered to break away from faulty patterns so that you can increase wellbeing in your life.
Are you struggling or feel stuck? Are these challenges affecting your personal or professional life, as well as the way you relate to your partner, child, and others? If you are considering psychotherapy, you are taking the first step toward positive and lasting change. Through the process of guided self-exploration, you will be empowered to break away from faulty patterns so that you can increase wellbeing in your life.
(772) 218-7366 View (772) 218-7366
Photo of Huilin Zhang(Please Email Me Than Call), LMHC, Counselor
Huilin Zhang(Please Email Me Than Call)
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33620  (Online Only)
Hello, my name is Huilin Zhang, and I am an Asian licensed mental health counselor with a passion for helping individuals overcome everything about anxiety and depression. With over 8000 hours of face-to-face experience working with clients, I have honed my skills in providing effective therapeutic interventions. I am specialized in depression, anxiety, anger, conflicts with parents issue, and Asian issues. I can help you feel better in just a couple of sessions. Offer sessions in English or Chinese. I will support you in developing the skills and resilience necessary to lead fulfilling lives and achieve your personal goals.
Hello, my name is Huilin Zhang, and I am an Asian licensed mental health counselor with a passion for helping individuals overcome everything about anxiety and depression. With over 8000 hours of face-to-face experience working with clients, I have honed my skills in providing effective therapeutic interventions. I am specialized in depression, anxiety, anger, conflicts with parents issue, and Asian issues. I can help you feel better in just a couple of sessions. Offer sessions in English or Chinese. I will support you in developing the skills and resilience necessary to lead fulfilling lives and achieve your personal goals.
(321) 415-9203 View (321) 415-9203
Photo of Wayne E. Davidson, LMHC, MGCP, Counselor
Wayne E. Davidson
Counselor, LMHC, MGCP
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33620
I have been in Private Practice for over 25 years. My practice serves children, teens, adults and families in a comfortable setting. Most clients I see have the diagnosis of depression or anxiety. My way of treating this is to provide Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. I believe if we can change the way we think about events in our life that we can find peace and balance. I have worked my entire career to find the most effective style of therapy, and received top training from Dr. Jeff Riggenbach, CBT Therapist and Dr. Patrick Cohn, top Sports Psychologist.
I have been in Private Practice for over 25 years. My practice serves children, teens, adults and families in a comfortable setting. Most clients I see have the diagnosis of depression or anxiety. My way of treating this is to provide Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. I believe if we can change the way we think about events in our life that we can find peace and balance. I have worked my entire career to find the most effective style of therapy, and received top training from Dr. Jeff Riggenbach, CBT Therapist and Dr. Patrick Cohn, top Sports Psychologist.
(813) 518-8227 View (813) 518-8227
Photo of Mary Escudie, MEd, MA, PhD, LMHC, Counselor
Mary Escudie
Counselor, MEd, MA, PhD, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33620
My clients enjoy a relaxed environment with a professional, kind listener who is skilled in empowering them during challenging times. I use a didactic and compassionate approach. My specific therapy tools change depending on the needs of the individual. Many of my clients have survived painful relationships. I have helped many couples stay married and make their relationships more satisfying. I strive to provide a safe, shame-free environment. Many clients seek my help with divorce or after break up healing. I have also completed post graduate school training in Family mediation, Parent Coordination and Couples Counseling.
My clients enjoy a relaxed environment with a professional, kind listener who is skilled in empowering them during challenging times. I use a didactic and compassionate approach. My specific therapy tools change depending on the needs of the individual. Many of my clients have survived painful relationships. I have helped many couples stay married and make their relationships more satisfying. I strive to provide a safe, shame-free environment. Many clients seek my help with divorce or after break up healing. I have also completed post graduate school training in Family mediation, Parent Coordination and Couples Counseling.
(813) 642-6019 View (813) 642-6019
Photo of Joseph H Scarce - Joe's Art Time, LLC., PhD, ATR, BC, Art Therapist
Joe's Art Time, LLC.
Art Therapist, PhD, ATR, BC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33620
Joe's Art Time, provides free consultations and contracted services to many facilities in the Tampa Bay Area including Medical Hospitals, Substance Abuse Treatment Centers, and Mental Health Facilities. Art Therapy is a mental health profession. Check to make sure you have selected a professional art therapist with the ATR or ATR-BC credentials. I have provided in home and community-based art therapy in the Tampa Bay area for over 20 years. As an Art Therapist, I provide art directives and art-making activities to increase insight into emotional conflicts.
Joe's Art Time, provides free consultations and contracted services to many facilities in the Tampa Bay Area including Medical Hospitals, Substance Abuse Treatment Centers, and Mental Health Facilities. Art Therapy is a mental health profession. Check to make sure you have selected a professional art therapist with the ATR or ATR-BC credentials. I have provided in home and community-based art therapy in the Tampa Bay area for over 20 years. As an Art Therapist, I provide art directives and art-making activities to increase insight into emotional conflicts.
(813) 445-4691 View (813) 445-4691
Photo of Josh Nadeau, PhD, Psychologist
Josh Nadeau
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33620
I specialize in treating children, adolescents and young adults with obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, and behavioral problems.
I specialize in treating children, adolescents and young adults with obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, and behavioral problems.
(813) 993-4804 View (813) 993-4804
Photo of Ashley Diehl, PhD, NCSP, Psychologist
Ashley Diehl
Psychologist, PhD, NCSP
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33620
I enjoy working with individuals and their families through a strength-based perspective to not only address weaknesses, but foster strengths. I believe there is no "one size fits all" model, and by collaboratively working together, goals can be identified, evidenced-based practices can begin, and progress can be monitored. I work with clients to address an array of concerns, including anxiety, depression, family conflict, school difficulties, behavioral difficulties, social skills, organization and executive functioning difficulties, and other adjustment concerns. I also complete comprehensive assessments to address learning, attention and a mix of social, emotional and behavioral challenges.
I enjoy working with individuals and their families through a strength-based perspective to not only address weaknesses, but foster strengths. I believe there is no "one size fits all" model, and by collaboratively working together, goals can be identified, evidenced-based practices can begin, and progress can be monitored. I work with clients to address an array of concerns, including anxiety, depression, family conflict, school difficulties, behavioral difficulties, social skills, organization and executive functioning difficulties, and other adjustment concerns. I also complete comprehensive assessments to address learning, attention and a mix of social, emotional and behavioral challenges.
(813) 285-7782 View (813) 285-7782
Photo of Paulina Robalino, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Paulina Robalino
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33620
Do you seem like you have it all together on the outside, but sometimes notice that your needs and feelings are hard to access or communicate? Do you feel worried, disconnected, or alone? I provide a kind, genuine, and collaborative space. Together we can identify your feelings, goals, and relational patterns. I would like our work together to foster growth through exploration.
Do you seem like you have it all together on the outside, but sometimes notice that your needs and feelings are hard to access or communicate? Do you feel worried, disconnected, or alone? I provide a kind, genuine, and collaborative space. Together we can identify your feelings, goals, and relational patterns. I would like our work together to foster growth through exploration.
(813) 701-3352 View (813) 701-3352
Tampa Bay Therapist & Associates
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33620
Greetings! Tampa Bay Therapist & Associates are ready to meet your professional coaching and counseling needs. We have several therapists on staff ready to begin. Our group therapists offer compassionate care with years of experience. We are a diverse practice with counselors from many differing backgrounds. Please inquire with us to learn more. We have Spanish Speaking counselors as well.
Greetings! Tampa Bay Therapist & Associates are ready to meet your professional coaching and counseling needs. We have several therapists on staff ready to begin. Our group therapists offer compassionate care with years of experience. We are a diverse practice with counselors from many differing backgrounds. Please inquire with us to learn more. We have Spanish Speaking counselors as well.
(813) 397-6744 View (813) 397-6744
Photo of River Marino, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
River Marino
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33620  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Healing happens when we feel safe enough to show up exactly as we are. All parts of you are welcome here. I’m not here to change you or fix you. I don’t think you are “broken” or that there's anything "wrong" with you. Together we'll create an accepting + compassionate environment, with respect for your intuition + body's wisdom underlying all that we do. I’m trauma + social justice-informed and view therapy through an intersectional lens (mind, body, environment, culture). During our time together, we’ll likely look at environmental factors (interpersonal, economic, oppression) that create individual/collective stress and trauma.
Healing happens when we feel safe enough to show up exactly as we are. All parts of you are welcome here. I’m not here to change you or fix you. I don’t think you are “broken” or that there's anything "wrong" with you. Together we'll create an accepting + compassionate environment, with respect for your intuition + body's wisdom underlying all that we do. I’m trauma + social justice-informed and view therapy through an intersectional lens (mind, body, environment, culture). During our time together, we’ll likely look at environmental factors (interpersonal, economic, oppression) that create individual/collective stress and trauma.
(352) 415-9266 View (352) 415-9266
Photo of Emillie “Mckenzie” Engram, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Emillie “Mckenzie” Engram
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33620  (Online Only)
Mckenzie works collaboratively with you to create a custom-tailored treatment approach designed for your unique journey and individual needs. Mckenzie strives to provide you with an authentic therapeutic atmosphere within which you can openly express yourself while receiving the non-judgmental support necessary for you to grow as an individual, overcome obstacles, and develop strategies to help you accomplish your goals, thereby empowering you to ultimately attain the fulfilling life you deserve.
Mckenzie works collaboratively with you to create a custom-tailored treatment approach designed for your unique journey and individual needs. Mckenzie strives to provide you with an authentic therapeutic atmosphere within which you can openly express yourself while receiving the non-judgmental support necessary for you to grow as an individual, overcome obstacles, and develop strategies to help you accomplish your goals, thereby empowering you to ultimately attain the fulfilling life you deserve.
(843) 808-5454 View (843) 808-5454
Photo of Nicholas Gensmer, PhD, Psychologist
Nicholas Gensmer
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33620  (Online Only)
I specialize in individual therapy with young adults for a variety of concerns (e.g., anxiety, depression, trauma), though I have worked with adults of all ages. As your therapist, I will work with you to establish a warm, affirming rapport to help you process your emotions and experiences, develop coping skills, connect with core values and strengths, and challenge unhelpful or unwanted patterns and habits. My intention is to support you in developing the tools and self-confidence you need to reach your wellness goals and live a more fulfilling life. If you have any questions about my approach, please do not hesitate to reach out.
I specialize in individual therapy with young adults for a variety of concerns (e.g., anxiety, depression, trauma), though I have worked with adults of all ages. As your therapist, I will work with you to establish a warm, affirming rapport to help you process your emotions and experiences, develop coping skills, connect with core values and strengths, and challenge unhelpful or unwanted patterns and habits. My intention is to support you in developing the tools and self-confidence you need to reach your wellness goals and live a more fulfilling life. If you have any questions about my approach, please do not hesitate to reach out.
(941) 231-5302 View (941) 231-5302
1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 33620

70+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in 33620 who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
90% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
76% Stress
74% Coping Skills
73% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

93% Aetna
86% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
83% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 33620 see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 33620?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.