Therapists in Poway, CA

Photo of Amy Belanger, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Amy Belanger
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Poway, CA 92064
Amy Belanger is a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. She earned her Bachelor's Degree from San Diego State University in 1994 and her Master's Degree in Counseling Psychology from National University in 1996. Amy has over twenty years of experience working with adults, children, and families. Amy's areas of special interest include trauma and trauma-based disorders, victims of crime, relationship issues, blended family issues, child abuse, and domestic violence. Amy relates to many theoretical approaches but is drawn to solution-focused therapy while also utilizing cognitive behavioral techniques.
Amy Belanger is a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. She earned her Bachelor's Degree from San Diego State University in 1994 and her Master's Degree in Counseling Psychology from National University in 1996. Amy has over twenty years of experience working with adults, children, and families. Amy's areas of special interest include trauma and trauma-based disorders, victims of crime, relationship issues, blended family issues, child abuse, and domestic violence. Amy relates to many theoretical approaches but is drawn to solution-focused therapy while also utilizing cognitive behavioral techniques.
(858) 923-5826 View (858) 923-5826
Photo of Ryan Thomas Neace, MA, LPCC, LPC, NCC, CCMHC, Counselor
Ryan Thomas Neace
Counselor, MA, LPCC, LPC, NCC, CCMHC
Verified Verified
13 Endorsed
Poway, CA 92064  (Online Only)
Understanding ourselves and our lives can be difficult. On the one hand, our inner critics may be so loud, self-examination is torturous. On the other, well-meaning people in our lives may be so eager to validate us that we are never quite sure we're getting a real picture of who we are. So, counseling is essentially about receiving the support to work creatively with all of this noise long enough to allow change to happen in and through you. The only way to do this to let someone get to know the real you. If we can do that, therapy can be a deeply authentic, radically human, even life-changing encounter!
Understanding ourselves and our lives can be difficult. On the one hand, our inner critics may be so loud, self-examination is torturous. On the other, well-meaning people in our lives may be so eager to validate us that we are never quite sure we're getting a real picture of who we are. So, counseling is essentially about receiving the support to work creatively with all of this noise long enough to allow change to happen in and through you. The only way to do this to let someone get to know the real you. If we can do that, therapy can be a deeply authentic, radically human, even life-changing encounter!
(760) 824-3092 View (760) 824-3092
Photo of Bharati Patwardhan, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Bharati Patwardhan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Poway, CA 92074  (Online Only)
Are you feeling rejected, abandoned, humiliated, hurt, and lonely in relationships with your spouse, parents, siblings, children, and in social relationships? Do you think people have taken advantage of you & nobody cares about you? Left untreated, this rejection, emotional wounds, and trauma affect the rest of our life. It manifests in the form of sadness, low self-esteem, unstable relationships, occupational stress, and even health issues. Don't wait to seek help for emotional pain/ injury as you wouldn't for physical injury. Yes, it is not easy to be vulnerable but growth begins with vulnerability!
Are you feeling rejected, abandoned, humiliated, hurt, and lonely in relationships with your spouse, parents, siblings, children, and in social relationships? Do you think people have taken advantage of you & nobody cares about you? Left untreated, this rejection, emotional wounds, and trauma affect the rest of our life. It manifests in the form of sadness, low self-esteem, unstable relationships, occupational stress, and even health issues. Don't wait to seek help for emotional pain/ injury as you wouldn't for physical injury. Yes, it is not easy to be vulnerable but growth begins with vulnerability!
(858) 295-3680 View (858) 295-3680
Photo of Laura Steder-Myers, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Laura Steder-Myers
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Poway, CA 92064
Laura Steder-Myers, LCSW is a licensed clinical social worker, trained at the Smith College School of Social Work in Northampton, MA. Her specialties are children, adolescents and adults who are struggling with depression and anxiety. Her work focuses on helping her clients to achieve their best life and approach every day as a new chance to grow into their authentic selves.
Laura Steder-Myers, LCSW is a licensed clinical social worker, trained at the Smith College School of Social Work in Northampton, MA. Her specialties are children, adolescents and adults who are struggling with depression and anxiety. Her work focuses on helping her clients to achieve their best life and approach every day as a new chance to grow into their authentic selves.
(858) 408-6816 View (858) 408-6816
Photo of Marsha Orman, LCSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Marsha Orman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Poway, CA 92064  (Online Only)
My work is based on the belief that by working together, we can improve the quality of your life. Many of my clients are in stressful life situations that have caused them to turn to such destructive behaviors as misuse of alcohol and drugs, over-eating, or over-working. Many haven't learned how to communicate in a way that promotes satisfying relationships. Within a safe, non-judgmental environment where you are truly listened to, we'll work together to help you understand how some of your behaviors and thoughts may not be serving you well.
My work is based on the belief that by working together, we can improve the quality of your life. Many of my clients are in stressful life situations that have caused them to turn to such destructive behaviors as misuse of alcohol and drugs, over-eating, or over-working. Many haven't learned how to communicate in a way that promotes satisfying relationships. Within a safe, non-judgmental environment where you are truly listened to, we'll work together to help you understand how some of your behaviors and thoughts may not be serving you well.
(858) 375-4159 View (858) 375-4159
Photo of Mauricio Perdomo, MA, LMFT , Marriage & Family Therapist
Mauricio Perdomo
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Poway, CA 92064  (Online Only)
My passion is to help families, marriages and individuals know personal and relational healing. I believe that we all have unique life experiences that shape who we are and how we connect with others. Sometimes these experiences do not foster compassion or the ability to connect with those you love in the way in which you desire. I understand this; it is part of my story, too! I hope to join you in the process of healing to not go it alone.
My passion is to help families, marriages and individuals know personal and relational healing. I believe that we all have unique life experiences that shape who we are and how we connect with others. Sometimes these experiences do not foster compassion or the ability to connect with those you love in the way in which you desire. I understand this; it is part of my story, too! I hope to join you in the process of healing to not go it alone.
(858) 213-0328 x4 View (858) 213-0328 x4
Photo of Michele R Madson Johnson Formerly Manker, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michele R Madson Johnson Formerly Manker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Poway, CA 92064
I like working with individuals, couples, or families who are motivated to examine patterns in their thinking or behavior for positive change. I enjoy working in a collaborative manner where there is an active exchange and where my client is open to feeling some discomfort for change - no pain/no gain. I believe that we are all capable of change through insight and that our upbringing can result in both good and bad habits that are flexible as long as we are conscious. I enjoy bringing in spirituality/meaning of life discussions to further my clients self awareness and growth.
I like working with individuals, couples, or families who are motivated to examine patterns in their thinking or behavior for positive change. I enjoy working in a collaborative manner where there is an active exchange and where my client is open to feeling some discomfort for change - no pain/no gain. I believe that we are all capable of change through insight and that our upbringing can result in both good and bad habits that are flexible as long as we are conscious. I enjoy bringing in spirituality/meaning of life discussions to further my clients self awareness and growth.
(619) 346-4349 View (619) 346-4349
Photo of Theresa Huang, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Theresa Huang
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Poway, CA 92064
Not accepting new clients
I enjoy working with every individual of all ages, but I absolutely love working with children and teens. I tailor my approach based on what the client needs. I use play or art therapy as play is the language of the children. It helps them to express their internal world when they have no words for it. I have completed the core competencies for Parent Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) under International Model. PCIT is an evidence-based intervention that promotes positive parent-child relationships while reducing disruptive behaviors at home. I am also a certified Positive Discipline Parenting Educator.
I enjoy working with every individual of all ages, but I absolutely love working with children and teens. I tailor my approach based on what the client needs. I use play or art therapy as play is the language of the children. It helps them to express their internal world when they have no words for it. I have completed the core competencies for Parent Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) under International Model. PCIT is an evidence-based intervention that promotes positive parent-child relationships while reducing disruptive behaviors at home. I am also a certified Positive Discipline Parenting Educator.
View
Barbara Fouts
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Poway, CA 92064
As a Marriage/Family therapist and Educational Psychologist I assist individuals, families, couples and children overcome difficulties and begin the process of change in a safe, supportive environment. I specialize in Behavioral Issues, PTSD, relationships, parenting, effective communication, grief and loss, ADHD and Life Transitions. I help the whole person within their family, social environment and community. As a therapist and person I am committed to helping my clients create their journey through life in a positive, affirming manner.
As a Marriage/Family therapist and Educational Psychologist I assist individuals, families, couples and children overcome difficulties and begin the process of change in a safe, supportive environment. I specialize in Behavioral Issues, PTSD, relationships, parenting, effective communication, grief and loss, ADHD and Life Transitions. I help the whole person within their family, social environment and community. As a therapist and person I am committed to helping my clients create their journey through life in a positive, affirming manner.
(858) 381-5633 View (858) 381-5633
Photo of Tatiana Marie Baroni, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tatiana Marie Baroni
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Poway, CA 92064
Are you interested in changing the way you think and feel about yourself in order to promote self esteem, develop healthy relationships and achieve personal goals? If so, I am here to support you in making those changes to live the life you deserve. I specialize in helping people identify patterns in their lives preventing them from resolving life’s challenges. By primarily utilizing a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy approach, I help clients change negative thinking and behavioral patterns to increase self-esteem, personal growth, and meaningful connections.
Are you interested in changing the way you think and feel about yourself in order to promote self esteem, develop healthy relationships and achieve personal goals? If so, I am here to support you in making those changes to live the life you deserve. I specialize in helping people identify patterns in their lives preventing them from resolving life’s challenges. By primarily utilizing a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy approach, I help clients change negative thinking and behavioral patterns to increase self-esteem, personal growth, and meaningful connections.
(858) 221-9661 View (858) 221-9661
Photo of Jeffrey Tang, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jeffrey Tang
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Poway, CA 92064  (Online Only)
When you look in the mirror, do you find yourself asking, “Am I enough?” Do you have this nagging suspicion that something is deeply wrong? Has it started to affect your relationships, your work, your overall sense of peace? It’s likely that you’ve had experiences that no matter what you do, you just can’t seem to forget. These experiences shape your reality, fuel your anxieties, leaving you on edge and burnt out. What would it feel to like to let go of the pain you’ve carried for so long? Imagine what life would be like if you had the emotional space and clarity to be the best you.
When you look in the mirror, do you find yourself asking, “Am I enough?” Do you have this nagging suspicion that something is deeply wrong? Has it started to affect your relationships, your work, your overall sense of peace? It’s likely that you’ve had experiences that no matter what you do, you just can’t seem to forget. These experiences shape your reality, fuel your anxieties, leaving you on edge and burnt out. What would it feel to like to let go of the pain you’ve carried for so long? Imagine what life would be like if you had the emotional space and clarity to be the best you.
(619) 664-4688 View (619) 664-4688
Photo of Victoria Velasquez, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Victoria Velasquez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Poway, CA 92064  (Online Only)
Victoria is a member of the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy. Victoria has experience working with groups, individuals, couples, and families across different populations and mental health challenges. Victoria aims to create a safe and non-judgmental environment. Including, individualizing therapy according to the needs of the couple, individual and/or family.
Victoria is a member of the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy. Victoria has experience working with groups, individuals, couples, and families across different populations and mental health challenges. Victoria aims to create a safe and non-judgmental environment. Including, individualizing therapy according to the needs of the couple, individual and/or family.
(858) 544-3015 View (858) 544-3015
Photo of Helena Jayasuriya, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Helena Jayasuriya
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Poway, CA 92064
Not accepting new clients
Choosing a psychotherapist for yourself, your child, or marriage can be mind-boggling, especially when there are so many qualified professionals in the community! The search is not about finding a GOOD therapist, but rather one that best fits YOU.
Choosing a psychotherapist for yourself, your child, or marriage can be mind-boggling, especially when there are so many qualified professionals in the community! The search is not about finding a GOOD therapist, but rather one that best fits YOU.
(858) 863-7963 View (858) 863-7963
Photo of Dr. Colleen Kennedy - Colleen Kennedy  Burnout & Anxiety Therapist, PhD, Psychologist
Colleen Kennedy Burnout & Anxiety Therapist
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Poway, CA 92064
Are you feeling burned out? Do you have a demanding job that has left you feeling overwhelmed? Are you a college or graduate student drowning in work and feeling uncertain about the path you have chosen? While you may appear to “have it all together” on the outside, are you silently suffering on the inside with feelings of stress, anxiety and depression? High demands of work, school, and parenting can leave you feeling tired, frustrated, scared, worried, angry, and hopeless. I am here to help you learn to overcome this distress and feel more successful personally, professionally, and academically.
Are you feeling burned out? Do you have a demanding job that has left you feeling overwhelmed? Are you a college or graduate student drowning in work and feeling uncertain about the path you have chosen? While you may appear to “have it all together” on the outside, are you silently suffering on the inside with feelings of stress, anxiety and depression? High demands of work, school, and parenting can leave you feeling tired, frustrated, scared, worried, angry, and hopeless. I am here to help you learn to overcome this distress and feel more successful personally, professionally, and academically.
(858) 567-0385 View (858) 567-0385
Photo of Sarah Stromwall, LPCC
Sarah Stromwall
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Poway, CA 92064
My name is Sarah Stromwall and I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) specializing in working with youth and adults who have experienced trauma and/or facing challenges in every day life. I strive to provide a compassionate, safe, and encouraging space to work alongside you to become all that you were created to be. I believe that together we will learn healthy responses, establish healthy boundaries, gain insight, untangle unhealthy thought/behavior patterns, and develop skills to assist you and/or your child cope with the challenges of life, and face these challenges with confidence.
My name is Sarah Stromwall and I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) specializing in working with youth and adults who have experienced trauma and/or facing challenges in every day life. I strive to provide a compassionate, safe, and encouraging space to work alongside you to become all that you were created to be. I believe that together we will learn healthy responses, establish healthy boundaries, gain insight, untangle unhealthy thought/behavior patterns, and develop skills to assist you and/or your child cope with the challenges of life, and face these challenges with confidence.
(858) 533-2933 View (858) 533-2933
Photo of Sandy Karina Weeks Trauma And Grief, LPCC, CRC
Sandy Karina Weeks Trauma And Grief
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, CRC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Poway, CA 92064  (Online Only)
I assist people who have experienced trauma that is currently affecting their work, school, family, relationships, burn out that can lead to manifesting in addiction, further anxiety, depression and stress.Together, we can identify what's not working and improve health and well being. Whether you're dealing with stress, grief, relationship challenges, addiction, trauma, anxiety, depression I'm here to support you unconditionally and assist with guiding and providing unbiased support.
I assist people who have experienced trauma that is currently affecting their work, school, family, relationships, burn out that can lead to manifesting in addiction, further anxiety, depression and stress.Together, we can identify what's not working and improve health and well being. Whether you're dealing with stress, grief, relationship challenges, addiction, trauma, anxiety, depression I'm here to support you unconditionally and assist with guiding and providing unbiased support.
(858) 758-4686 View (858) 758-4686
Photo of Patricia Loy, MA, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Patricia Loy
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
Poway, CA 92064  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Are you looking for connection, understanding and acceptance? Do you struggle with depression, fear, disappointment, tragedy, loss, isolation, addiction, and/or dealing with everyday life? Through our work together you will learn practical skills to lower your anxiety, find new meaning and purpose in your life, learn to manage your emotions, and learn skills to improve your relationships. You can learn how to communicate more effectively and resolve problems.
Are you looking for connection, understanding and acceptance? Do you struggle with depression, fear, disappointment, tragedy, loss, isolation, addiction, and/or dealing with everyday life? Through our work together you will learn practical skills to lower your anxiety, find new meaning and purpose in your life, learn to manage your emotions, and learn skills to improve your relationships. You can learn how to communicate more effectively and resolve problems.
(619) 848-3989 View (619) 848-3989
Photo of Anne Watson, PhD, Psychologist
Anne Watson
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Poway, CA 92064
Christine Watson is a clinical psychologist who has been practicing psychotherapy since 1982. She graduated from The Fielding Institute with a doctorate in clinical psychology and from Texas Woman's University with a masters in marriage and family therapy. Christine's background in family systems, as well as evidence based perspectives, inform her approach to individual therapy. Her main areas of focus include adult depression and anxiety. In her spare time, Christine enjoys gardening and hiking.
Christine Watson is a clinical psychologist who has been practicing psychotherapy since 1982. She graduated from The Fielding Institute with a doctorate in clinical psychology and from Texas Woman's University with a masters in marriage and family therapy. Christine's background in family systems, as well as evidence based perspectives, inform her approach to individual therapy. Her main areas of focus include adult depression and anxiety. In her spare time, Christine enjoys gardening and hiking.
(858) 321-8470 View (858) 321-8470
Photo of Caron Collins, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Caron Collins
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Poway, CA 92064  (Online Only)
Hey there! My name is Caron and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 22 years of experience. I specialize in helping individuals navigate issues including aging, coping skills, depression, family conflict, and stress. The client's I currently work with seem to like the Solution Focused, Narrative Therapy approach I use, because the therapy work is client focused and is usually brief (3-6 months sometimes). This approach works best with people who are truly motivated to explore the root causes of their discomfort, and begin working on resolving them.
Hey there! My name is Caron and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 22 years of experience. I specialize in helping individuals navigate issues including aging, coping skills, depression, family conflict, and stress. The client's I currently work with seem to like the Solution Focused, Narrative Therapy approach I use, because the therapy work is client focused and is usually brief (3-6 months sometimes). This approach works best with people who are truly motivated to explore the root causes of their discomfort, and begin working on resolving them.
(858) 901-8382 View (858) 901-8382
Photo of Theresa Walker, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Theresa Walker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Poway, CA 92064
I am an LCSW therapist located in Poway California. I specialize in EMDR therapy, PTSD, domestic violence, children's play therapy, grief and loss issues and self esteem building. I see individuals, couples, families and have group therapy sessions. I am committed to helping individuals, couples and families develop the relationships they desire among other people and themselves. My office is a safe place to begin the process of change and help people learn the tools needed in order to make the desired changes.
I am an LCSW therapist located in Poway California. I specialize in EMDR therapy, PTSD, domestic violence, children's play therapy, grief and loss issues and self esteem building. I see individuals, couples, families and have group therapy sessions. I am committed to helping individuals, couples and families develop the relationships they desire among other people and themselves. My office is a safe place to begin the process of change and help people learn the tools needed in order to make the desired changes.
(858) 386-4709 View (858) 386-4709

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Poway, CA

100+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Poway, CA who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
90% Depression
72% Relationship Issues
70% Self Esteem
66% Trauma and PTSD
65% Coping Skills
64% Grief

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

72% Aetna
72% Cigna and Evernorth
71% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Poway, CA see their clients

78% In Person and Online
22% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
18% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Poway?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.