Therapists in San Marcos, CA

Photo of Bethany Reddinger, Associate Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, AMFT
Bethany Reddinger
Associate Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, AMFT
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Mamas – are you overwhelmed? As a therapist, I’m passionate about serving YOU, whether you are hopeful, expectant, grieving, newly parenting, or seasoned. I am trained in Perinatal Mental health through Postpartum Support International, and I am passionate about serving clients through the unacknowledged overwhelm of parenting in this modern age. The de-prioritization of maternal mental health in our culture impacts all facets of life, and often creates in us guilt, self-criticism, isolation, exhaustion. Our work together can expand the ability to manage these struggles, as well as grow capacity for insight and self-compassion.
Mamas – are you overwhelmed? As a therapist, I’m passionate about serving YOU, whether you are hopeful, expectant, grieving, newly parenting, or seasoned. I am trained in Perinatal Mental health through Postpartum Support International, and I am passionate about serving clients through the unacknowledged overwhelm of parenting in this modern age. The de-prioritization of maternal mental health in our culture impacts all facets of life, and often creates in us guilt, self-criticism, isolation, exhaustion. Our work together can expand the ability to manage these struggles, as well as grow capacity for insight and self-compassion.
(760) 587-4686 View (760) 587-4686
Photo of Melanie Dawson, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Melanie Dawson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
San Marcos, CA 92069
Melanie draws from a variety of therapeutic techniques and uses short term treatment planning with achievable goals, giving attention to deeper issues when appropriate. Her compassion and acceptance underscore her focus on helping people learn skills and develop strategies to achieve sustainable results. In her free time Melanie enjoys spending time with her husband and kids, her dog, horseback riding and the outdoors.
Melanie draws from a variety of therapeutic techniques and uses short term treatment planning with achievable goals, giving attention to deeper issues when appropriate. Her compassion and acceptance underscore her focus on helping people learn skills and develop strategies to achieve sustainable results. In her free time Melanie enjoys spending time with her husband and kids, her dog, horseback riding and the outdoors.
(760) 309-6537 View (760) 309-6537
Edith Larios
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
San Marcos, CA 92069
Edith is especially passionate about working with grief, loss, and bereavement. She understands that the grieving process is deeply personal and often misunderstood, and she guides clients through it with empathy and clinical expertise. Whether helping someone process the death of a loved one, navigate complicated family dynamics, or cope with chronic illness or life transitions, Edith uses evidence-based methods including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Narrative Therapy, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to help individuals find meaning, healing, and hope.
Edith is especially passionate about working with grief, loss, and bereavement. She understands that the grieving process is deeply personal and often misunderstood, and she guides clients through it with empathy and clinical expertise. Whether helping someone process the death of a loved one, navigate complicated family dynamics, or cope with chronic illness or life transitions, Edith uses evidence-based methods including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Narrative Therapy, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to help individuals find meaning, healing, and hope.
(760) 450-9021 View (760) 450-9021
Photo of Charmaine Lowe - San Elijo Neurofeedback & Psychological Services, Psychologist, MA, PhD
San Elijo Neurofeedback & Psychological Services
Psychologist, MA, PhD
1 Endorsed
San Marcos, CA 92078
Medication not working? Feeling stressed, afraid, and out of balance can rob you of your vitality and can prevent you from reaching your full potential in life. Many situations in our lives can lead us to feel this way whether it be the result of a traumatic event, a significant loss in life, and/or our habits, behaviors, attitudes, and emotions. Experiencing these stressors can be overwhelming at times, especially if trying to manage them alone. If you find yourself at this particular place in your life, I would welcome the opportunity to walk alongside you while we work together to find healing.
Medication not working? Feeling stressed, afraid, and out of balance can rob you of your vitality and can prevent you from reaching your full potential in life. Many situations in our lives can lead us to feel this way whether it be the result of a traumatic event, a significant loss in life, and/or our habits, behaviors, attitudes, and emotions. Experiencing these stressors can be overwhelming at times, especially if trying to manage them alone. If you find yourself at this particular place in your life, I would welcome the opportunity to walk alongside you while we work together to find healing.
(760) 350-5079 View (760) 350-5079
Photo of Gina Bongiorno, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Gina Bongiorno
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
San Marcos, CA 92078
You've been thinking about finding a therapist but haven't had a chance to prioritize your self-care. You may have noticed excuses getting in the way of making a change. Perhaps you feel out of control with food, relationships or behaviors. Disordered eating, anxiety, addictions and other difficult to manage behaviors are common side effects of unresolved pain, complicated grief and invalidated emotions. Together we will explore how to move away from unhealthy patterns and into a more fulfilling, meaningful life.
You've been thinking about finding a therapist but haven't had a chance to prioritize your self-care. You may have noticed excuses getting in the way of making a change. Perhaps you feel out of control with food, relationships or behaviors. Disordered eating, anxiety, addictions and other difficult to manage behaviors are common side effects of unresolved pain, complicated grief and invalidated emotions. Together we will explore how to move away from unhealthy patterns and into a more fulfilling, meaningful life.
(760) 387-8622 View (760) 387-8622
Photo of Samuel Anderson Brumit, Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LMFT
Samuel Anderson Brumit
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LMFT
San Marcos, CA 92069
I am currently accepting new clients! If you need counseling, coaching, or support as you address your relationships, I would love the opportunity to help you understand where you are at and assist you in getting where you want to go. I have been counseling individuals and couples for many years and take multiple insurance companies as listed. including Aetna, Optum, and many more I would enjoyworking with you!
I am currently accepting new clients! If you need counseling, coaching, or support as you address your relationships, I would love the opportunity to help you understand where you are at and assist you in getting where you want to go. I have been counseling individuals and couples for many years and take multiple insurance companies as listed. including Aetna, Optum, and many more I would enjoyworking with you!
(760) 354-8691 View (760) 354-8691
Photo of Lindsay Elledge, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Lindsay Elledge
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
There are many therapists to look through and while a quick bio can be helpful, it doesn’t always give the full picture! I won’t bore you with the clinical jargon. Rather, I will speak true to what I know. Many individuals and families seeking my support have reached the point where they know they want different, they just don’t know quite how to get there. This may be stress from work, parenting, relationships, or life in general. Having worked with ages from 0-50, in many types of settings, I have learned many symptoms and unmet needs stem from disconnection to self and others.
There are many therapists to look through and while a quick bio can be helpful, it doesn’t always give the full picture! I won’t bore you with the clinical jargon. Rather, I will speak true to what I know. Many individuals and families seeking my support have reached the point where they know they want different, they just don’t know quite how to get there. This may be stress from work, parenting, relationships, or life in general. Having worked with ages from 0-50, in many types of settings, I have learned many symptoms and unmet needs stem from disconnection to self and others.
(626) 414-4805 View (626) 414-4805
Photo of Christopher Mazzo, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Christopher Mazzo
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
San Marcos, CA 92078
I help teens, adults, and families facing anxiety, depression, trauma, substance use, and conflict. Using EMDR, DBT, TF-CBT, and family therapy, I tailor sessions to your needs—building skills, processing the hard stuff, and creating tools for lasting change in a warm, collaborative way.
I help teens, adults, and families facing anxiety, depression, trauma, substance use, and conflict. Using EMDR, DBT, TF-CBT, and family therapy, I tailor sessions to your needs—building skills, processing the hard stuff, and creating tools for lasting change in a warm, collaborative way.
(760) 313-6282 View (760) 313-6282
Photo of Warren I Basile, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Warren I Basile
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
Life can be stressful and at times feel unbearable, feeling unsure how to move forward. We all need someone to sit with in our suffering and process our emotions. As a therapist, it is my privilege to help you understand the root cause of your pain and walk alongside you to heal and restore. Together, we can work through your struggles and rediscover your joy. Using a multifaceted approach and emphasizing one’s strengths, I strive to create a safe place for my clients to manage their pain, learn what makes them resilient, My goal is to create a safe environment that allows you to grow and become the best version of yourself.
Life can be stressful and at times feel unbearable, feeling unsure how to move forward. We all need someone to sit with in our suffering and process our emotions. As a therapist, it is my privilege to help you understand the root cause of your pain and walk alongside you to heal and restore. Together, we can work through your struggles and rediscover your joy. Using a multifaceted approach and emphasizing one’s strengths, I strive to create a safe place for my clients to manage their pain, learn what makes them resilient, My goal is to create a safe environment that allows you to grow and become the best version of yourself.
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Photo of Eric David, Marriage & Family Therapist
Eric David
Marriage & Family Therapist
San Marcos, CA 92069
Eric David is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. He graduated with a Master's in Marriage and Family Therapy from Southern California Seminary. Throughout his career so far, he has specialized in working with substance use, trauma, depression, bipolar, anxiety, schizophrenia/schizoaffective, and borderline in a variety of demographics 18 and older. He has experience in group-settings and individuals with DBT, focusing on mindfulness, effective interpersonal communication skills, and emotional regulation, in addition to solution-focused and CBT therapies.
Eric David is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. He graduated with a Master's in Marriage and Family Therapy from Southern California Seminary. Throughout his career so far, he has specialized in working with substance use, trauma, depression, bipolar, anxiety, schizophrenia/schizoaffective, and borderline in a variety of demographics 18 and older. He has experience in group-settings and individuals with DBT, focusing on mindfulness, effective interpersonal communication skills, and emotional regulation, in addition to solution-focused and CBT therapies.
(760) 374-3793 View (760) 374-3793
Photo of Laura Sanders, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Laura Sanders
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Online Only
I’m a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with a Master of Science in Professional Counseling. Grounded in a client-centered approach, I tailor my work to honor each person’s individuality. I believe healing begins in a space of acceptance, safety, and genuine connection. My practice is rooted in mindfulness and enriched by self‑compassion. I view our thoughts, and the emotions tied to them as guides to greater awareness and peace.
I’m a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with a Master of Science in Professional Counseling. Grounded in a client-centered approach, I tailor my work to honor each person’s individuality. I believe healing begins in a space of acceptance, safety, and genuine connection. My practice is rooted in mindfulness and enriched by self‑compassion. I view our thoughts, and the emotions tied to them as guides to greater awareness and peace.
(760) 977-5289 View (760) 977-5289
Photo of Rachael Hatton, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Rachael Hatton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Online Only
Do you or a family member have intrusive thoughts or find yourself having to spend large amounts of time performing mental or physical tasks in an attempt to relieve anxiety? Well, you are not alone! About 9 million people in the US suffer from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and many more are impacted indirectly by someone else's OCD. I have made it my mission to help as many of those suffering with OCD and related issues as I can. My aim is to create a supportive and empathetic environment, along with a bit of humor at times, for individuals who are suffering. I want to provide the guidance and space they need to succeed.
Do you or a family member have intrusive thoughts or find yourself having to spend large amounts of time performing mental or physical tasks in an attempt to relieve anxiety? Well, you are not alone! About 9 million people in the US suffer from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and many more are impacted indirectly by someone else's OCD. I have made it my mission to help as many of those suffering with OCD and related issues as I can. My aim is to create a supportive and empathetic environment, along with a bit of humor at times, for individuals who are suffering. I want to provide the guidance and space they need to succeed.
(858) 703-7620 View (858) 703-7620
Photo of Lana Hoyer, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Lana Hoyer
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
I’m a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist who specializes in anxiety, depression, and ADHD. I particularly enjoy helping those adjusting to changing life stages including launching into adulthood, college, and new/expecting parents. My approach to therapy is personable and genuine. I find that my style is particularly beneficial to those looking for a safe space free of judgement while getting honest engagement. I’m expressive, use humor, and genuinely love helping clients learn how to better cope with life.
I’m a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist who specializes in anxiety, depression, and ADHD. I particularly enjoy helping those adjusting to changing life stages including launching into adulthood, college, and new/expecting parents. My approach to therapy is personable and genuine. I find that my style is particularly beneficial to those looking for a safe space free of judgement while getting honest engagement. I’m expressive, use humor, and genuinely love helping clients learn how to better cope with life.
(760) 509-1742 View (760) 509-1742
Photo of Henry Joseph Cordova, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Henry Joseph Cordova
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
San Marcos, CA 92079
Have you ever felt that you had nobody to talk to? Someone that you can turn to that will sit with you and provide a listening ear without any judgement? In my practice, I strive to provide a calm, safe, nonjudgemental, and empathetic space that allows you to freely share your thoughts and feelings. I want to help my clients process and manage their feelings of stress, anxiety, depression, or whatever they may be going through in life.
Have you ever felt that you had nobody to talk to? Someone that you can turn to that will sit with you and provide a listening ear without any judgement? In my practice, I strive to provide a calm, safe, nonjudgemental, and empathetic space that allows you to freely share your thoughts and feelings. I want to help my clients process and manage their feelings of stress, anxiety, depression, or whatever they may be going through in life.
(760) 854-7098 View (760) 854-7098
Photo of Kirra Walsh, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Kirra Walsh
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
1 Endorsed
San Marcos, CA 92069
Are you feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or uncertain about your next steps? Whether you're navigating anxiety, depression, life transitions, identity exploration, or relationship challenges, I’m here to help. I provide a supportive and collaborative space where you can feel safe to explore, heal, and grow—at your own pace and in your own way. I work with adolescents, adults, couples, and families using a strengths-based, trauma-informed approach. I tailor each session to your unique goals, preferences, and strengths.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or uncertain about your next steps? Whether you're navigating anxiety, depression, life transitions, identity exploration, or relationship challenges, I’m here to help. I provide a supportive and collaborative space where you can feel safe to explore, heal, and grow—at your own pace and in your own way. I work with adolescents, adults, couples, and families using a strengths-based, trauma-informed approach. I tailor each session to your unique goals, preferences, and strengths.
(760) 309-6452 View (760) 309-6452
Photo of June Liang, Psychologist, LCP
June Liang
Psychologist, LCP
Online Only
Dr. June Liang is a licensed clinical psychologist with over 15 years of experience. She specializes in compassionate and holistic approaches to treating anxiety, OCD, depression, and childhood trauma. She believes in seeing the "whole person" in therapy, where all parts of being human deserve care, love, and acceptance. She creates a compassionate environment where you can be your authentic self, explore your challenges, and discover your strengths. She provides personalized therapy tailored to your unique needs, drawing from a range of evidence-based practices, including CBT, DBT, EMDR, mindfulness, and EFT.
Dr. June Liang is a licensed clinical psychologist with over 15 years of experience. She specializes in compassionate and holistic approaches to treating anxiety, OCD, depression, and childhood trauma. She believes in seeing the "whole person" in therapy, where all parts of being human deserve care, love, and acceptance. She creates a compassionate environment where you can be your authentic self, explore your challenges, and discover your strengths. She provides personalized therapy tailored to your unique needs, drawing from a range of evidence-based practices, including CBT, DBT, EMDR, mindfulness, and EFT.
(747) 347-3042 View (747) 347-3042
Photo of Kathleen Sipriaso, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Kathleen Sipriaso
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
Hi, I'm Kathleen Sipriaso, I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 10 years of experience helping kids and adults move through difficult transitions in life and help problem-solve when life becomes overwhelming. My current practice consists of adults needing guidance with navigating anxiety, depression, communication issues, all the challenges of parenthood or work-life balance, work stressors, perinatal mental health issues, and learning how to deal with relationships in a better way (i.e. boundaries with in-laws, sharing feelings, difficult conversations with spouses, etc).
Hi, I'm Kathleen Sipriaso, I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 10 years of experience helping kids and adults move through difficult transitions in life and help problem-solve when life becomes overwhelming. My current practice consists of adults needing guidance with navigating anxiety, depression, communication issues, all the challenges of parenthood or work-life balance, work stressors, perinatal mental health issues, and learning how to deal with relationships in a better way (i.e. boundaries with in-laws, sharing feelings, difficult conversations with spouses, etc).
(747) 588-6987 View (747) 588-6987
Photo of Chris Cade, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Chris Cade
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Seeking help can be a vulnerable and overwhelming experience for many people, and it is courageous to take those steps forward. I tailor our sessions to your unique needs, working collaboratively to foster insight and promote positive change and self growth. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, or simply seeking personal growth, we will work together to develop strategies to effectively reach your goals. Our therapeutic relationship is built on trust, empathy, and non-judgment, providing you with a nurturing environment to explore your thoughts and emotions.
Seeking help can be a vulnerable and overwhelming experience for many people, and it is courageous to take those steps forward. I tailor our sessions to your unique needs, working collaboratively to foster insight and promote positive change and self growth. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, or simply seeking personal growth, we will work together to develop strategies to effectively reach your goals. Our therapeutic relationship is built on trust, empathy, and non-judgment, providing you with a nurturing environment to explore your thoughts and emotions.
(858) 682-1554 View (858) 682-1554
Photo of Maria Josephine Palomo - Cultivating Wellness, Palomo Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Cultivating Wellness, Palomo Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
Accepting NEW patients. Are you struggling with the stress of the upcoming holiday's and thinking about spending time with family? Are you finding it difficult to manage your day to day responsibilities? I work with adults struggling with anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, boundaries and self-esteem issues. As an LMFT with over 18 years experience, I meet my clients where they are at, utilizing a strength based approach. I believe we all have it within ourselves to heal and live the life we were meant to live. I provide therapy in English and Spanish and understand the challenges of being part of a multi-cultural family.
Accepting NEW patients. Are you struggling with the stress of the upcoming holiday's and thinking about spending time with family? Are you finding it difficult to manage your day to day responsibilities? I work with adults struggling with anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, boundaries and self-esteem issues. As an LMFT with over 18 years experience, I meet my clients where they are at, utilizing a strength based approach. I believe we all have it within ourselves to heal and live the life we were meant to live. I provide therapy in English and Spanish and understand the challenges of being part of a multi-cultural family.
(760) 478-6610 View (760) 478-6610
Photo of Lindsay Elledge - Secure Roots Parent Consultation, LCSW
Secure Roots Parent Consultation
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Do you feel overwhelmed by parenting? Do you feel isolated, anxious, and often second-guess yourself as a parent? It is not easy to parent in this day and age, especially with all of the conflicting messages we receive from social media, friends, or family. It can be hard to know who or what to trust and which strategies are actually beneficial in the long-term. What lies underneath every behavior is a feeling and a need; I will help you find out what your child needs and help you find what you need, too!
Do you feel overwhelmed by parenting? Do you feel isolated, anxious, and often second-guess yourself as a parent? It is not easy to parent in this day and age, especially with all of the conflicting messages we receive from social media, friends, or family. It can be hard to know who or what to trust and which strategies are actually beneficial in the long-term. What lies underneath every behavior is a feeling and a need; I will help you find out what your child needs and help you find what you need, too!
(760) 465-0281 View (760) 465-0281

See more therapy options for San Marcos

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Marcos, CA

200+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in San Marcos, CA who prioritize treating:

89% Anxiety
86% Depression
67% Life Transitions
66% Coping Skills
65% Relationship Issues
65% Trauma and PTSD
64% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

88% Aetna
75% Cigna and Evernorth
69% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in San Marcos, CA see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Marcos?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.