Photo of Jonathan Asayag, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Easton, PA
Jonathan Asayag
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACSW, CAADC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Easton, PA 18042
I borrow from various modalities (Gottman, Attachment, Psychodynamic, Cognitive Behavioral, Somatic, and Mindfulness-Based) and work through a trauma-informed and culturally sensitive lens.
Hi! I am Jonathan. I am a sex & relationship therapist who specializes in supporting people navigating various challenges including life transitions, parenting, fatherhood, ethical non-monogamy, polyamory, sexuality, intimacy, & challenging toxic masculinity. I work with individuals and couples. I believe that a safe space is a brave space. I do my best in crafting safety, which allows for self-exploration and healing at your pace. Please know that you do not need to be going through a life challenge or be in distress to talk to a therapist. Therapy is a valuable form of self-care and I can aid in strengthening your self-care goals.
I borrow from various modalities (Gottman, Attachment, Psychodynamic, Cognitive Behavioral, Somatic, and Mindfulness-Based) and work through a trauma-informed and culturally sensitive lens.
Hi! I am Jonathan. I am a sex & relationship therapist who specializes in supporting people navigating various challenges including life transitions, parenting, fatherhood, ethical non-monogamy, polyamory, sexuality, intimacy, & challenging toxic masculinity. I work with individuals and couples. I believe that a safe space is a brave space. I do my best in crafting safety, which allows for self-exploration and healing at your pace. Please know that you do not need to be going through a life challenge or be in distress to talk to a therapist. Therapy is a valuable form of self-care and I can aid in strengthening your self-care goals.
(484) 334-8742 View (484) 334-8742
Photo of Mindful Connection Therapy, Counselor in Easton, PA
Mindful Connection Therapy
Counselor, LAC, MA, MFA
Verified Verified
Easton, PA 18042
Are you experiencing anxiety, depression, feeling overwhelmed or lost? Maybe you feel unfulfilled in your relationships, career, or other key areas of your life. If you are ready to explore these parts of yourself and interrupt patterns that are no longer serving you, I can help with that. Psychotherapy is a collaborative process which allows us to look at the areas that are causing distress, and identify ways to adjust your thoughts and behaviors to create positive change. I provide therapy in a safe, nonjudgmental environment where you can feel comfortable expressing yourself openly and authentically.
Are you experiencing anxiety, depression, feeling overwhelmed or lost? Maybe you feel unfulfilled in your relationships, career, or other key areas of your life. If you are ready to explore these parts of yourself and interrupt patterns that are no longer serving you, I can help with that. Psychotherapy is a collaborative process which allows us to look at the areas that are causing distress, and identify ways to adjust your thoughts and behaviors to create positive change. I provide therapy in a safe, nonjudgmental environment where you can feel comfortable expressing yourself openly and authentically.
(215) 631-8406 View (215) 631-8406
Photo of William Harker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Easton, PA
William Harker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Easton, PA 18042
No one escapes conflict, challenges and pain in this life. You might find yourself struggling with depression, anxiety, grief from loss of a person you love or life transition, conflict in a relationship or possibly recovery from an addiction. Together, we can explore the physical, emotional and spiritual aspects of your pain on your path to healing.
No one escapes conflict, challenges and pain in this life. You might find yourself struggling with depression, anxiety, grief from loss of a person you love or life transition, conflict in a relationship or possibly recovery from an addiction. Together, we can explore the physical, emotional and spiritual aspects of your pain on your path to healing.
(610) 810-5048 View (610) 810-5048
Photo of Anthony Silvio Campolo, Licensed Professional Counselor in Easton, PA
Anthony Silvio Campolo
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCADC, DBTC, CAADC, ACS
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Easton, PA 18040
Are you seeking treatment, but finding it very difficult? The decision to seek treatment is often very difficult, yet a necessary choice. For the last 28 years I have been providing a non-judgmental arena to work on a variety of issues to include but not limited to addiction, anger, gambling, co-occurring disorders, behavioral concerns, depression and anxiety.
Are you seeking treatment, but finding it very difficult? The decision to seek treatment is often very difficult, yet a necessary choice. For the last 28 years I have been providing a non-judgmental arena to work on a variety of issues to include but not limited to addiction, anger, gambling, co-occurring disorders, behavioral concerns, depression and anxiety.
(570) 401-3216 View (570) 401-3216
Photo of Dr. Ryan Bowers, Licensed Professional Counselor in Easton, PA
Dr. Ryan Bowers
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, NCC, CAADC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Easton, PA 18040
Not accepting new clients
Seeking help from a mental health or addiction counselor can be a daunting task. Often times, individuals find themselves working with therapists who only give advice, teach how to breath, promote coloring in workbooks, and/or give homework assignments as a means to work on your presenting symptoms. With me, you will experience treatment in a different way. My name is Ryan Bowers and I am a professional counselor who practices traditional psychotherapy. This means that we will work on identifying core issues that are causing issues in your daily life, while creating goals that will help you be the best version of yourself.
Seeking help from a mental health or addiction counselor can be a daunting task. Often times, individuals find themselves working with therapists who only give advice, teach how to breath, promote coloring in workbooks, and/or give homework assignments as a means to work on your presenting symptoms. With me, you will experience treatment in a different way. My name is Ryan Bowers and I am a professional counselor who practices traditional psychotherapy. This means that we will work on identifying core issues that are causing issues in your daily life, while creating goals that will help you be the best version of yourself.
(610) 550-8872 View (610) 550-8872

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Andrew H. Johanson Jr, Marriage & Family Therapist in Easton, PA
Andrew H. Johanson Jr
Marriage & Family Therapist, DMin, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018  (Online Only)
I work extensively with individuals who are adult survivors of sexual abuse and trauma.
I believe one of the most important parts of the counseling process is to develop a trusting caring relationship. With this relationship, much can be gained from the counseling sessions. I have worked well with individuals and families who have emotional pain. For many clients, helping them understand what creates such emotional pain, gaining insights puts them on a path for a more fulfilling life. In my practice I work with individuals who have sadness, depression, loss, relationship difficulties, family difficulties, sexual challenges and sexual abuse. My mission in therapy is to respect each client, and walk with them at their healing pace, I believe if we walk together on this healing journey life will be better.
I work extensively with individuals who are adult survivors of sexual abuse and trauma.
I believe one of the most important parts of the counseling process is to develop a trusting caring relationship. With this relationship, much can be gained from the counseling sessions. I have worked well with individuals and families who have emotional pain. For many clients, helping them understand what creates such emotional pain, gaining insights puts them on a path for a more fulfilling life. In my practice I work with individuals who have sadness, depression, loss, relationship difficulties, family difficulties, sexual challenges and sexual abuse. My mission in therapy is to respect each client, and walk with them at their healing pace, I believe if we walk together on this healing journey life will be better.
(215) 995-5066 View (215) 995-5066
Photo of Jonathan E Masters Psy.d. Psy.d., Psychologist in Easton, PA
Jonathan E Masters Psy.d. Psy.d.
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Waitlist for new clients
Jonathan Masters, Psy.D., Psy.D. is a Licensed Clinical Psychologist and Certified Psychoanalyst who has earned doctoral degrees in both fields. He has experience in private practice, community mental health, residential, and inpatient settings. He strives to combine these backgrounds in order to facilitate an approach uniquely tailored to the individual needs of each person he works with. He is highly collaborative in his approach and draws upon the most recent developments in the fields he is trained in.
Jonathan Masters, Psy.D., Psy.D. is a Licensed Clinical Psychologist and Certified Psychoanalyst who has earned doctoral degrees in both fields. He has experience in private practice, community mental health, residential, and inpatient settings. He strives to combine these backgrounds in order to facilitate an approach uniquely tailored to the individual needs of each person he works with. He is highly collaborative in his approach and draws upon the most recent developments in the fields he is trained in.
(610) 904-8557 View (610) 904-8557
Photo of Henry Gursky LLC, Psychologist in Easton, PA
Henry Gursky LLC
Psychologist, BA, MEd, DA
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017  (Online Only)
I am a licensed psychologist and certified school psychologist in Pennsylvania with over 30 years of experience working with teens and adults ages 14 to 65 who are managing anxiety, mood difficulties and changes in relationships. I am dedicated to supporting my clients with positive regard using CBT, Mindfulness, and ACT. I am existential and I believe in the ability of everyone who comes to me to create the life they would like to lead. I help to engage the self healing potential in all clients. I am highly supportive of individuals who have suffered traumas, and have relationship problems.
I am a licensed psychologist and certified school psychologist in Pennsylvania with over 30 years of experience working with teens and adults ages 14 to 65 who are managing anxiety, mood difficulties and changes in relationships. I am dedicated to supporting my clients with positive regard using CBT, Mindfulness, and ACT. I am existential and I believe in the ability of everyone who comes to me to create the life they would like to lead. I help to engage the self healing potential in all clients. I am highly supportive of individuals who have suffered traumas, and have relationship problems.
(610) 510-4393 View (610) 510-4393
Photo of Gabriel Ceballos Franco, Pre-Licensed Professional in Easton, PA
Gabriel Ceballos Franco
Pre-Licensed Professional, Gabriel Ceballos Franco, MEd, NCC®
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
The first step in solving a problem is understanding what causes it. In essence, the ways we see and understand life, relationships, and our place in life get in the way of achieving our goals. I see angst, anxiety, and depression, among other human experiences of suffering, as the language the human soul uses to ask for help for a way out of past or present pain beyond relationships, ways of being, etc.
The first step in solving a problem is understanding what causes it. In essence, the ways we see and understand life, relationships, and our place in life get in the way of achieving our goals. I see angst, anxiety, and depression, among other human experiences of suffering, as the language the human soul uses to ask for help for a way out of past or present pain beyond relationships, ways of being, etc.
(484) 742-3870 View (484) 742-3870
Photo of Charles Goldberg, Licensed Professional Counselor in Easton, PA
Charles Goldberg
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CAADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18020
If you're looking for fluff free, no nonsense counseling, reach out to me. It's all too easy to lose touch with the things we stand for, as well as with the things that mean most to us. You were whole at one point, which means a path to sanity exists that is waiting to be rediscovered. Yet these behaviors holding you back have been heavily reinforced over time. The change ahead is not going to be easy or comfortable, but you don't have to face it alone. Past clients have told me that my ability to break down situations and clearly explain relational dynamics helped them to gain new insight into their histories and functioning.
If you're looking for fluff free, no nonsense counseling, reach out to me. It's all too easy to lose touch with the things we stand for, as well as with the things that mean most to us. You were whole at one point, which means a path to sanity exists that is waiting to be rediscovered. Yet these behaviors holding you back have been heavily reinforced over time. The change ahead is not going to be easy or comfortable, but you don't have to face it alone. Past clients have told me that my ability to break down situations and clearly explain relational dynamics helped them to gain new insight into their histories and functioning.
(484) 379-0633 View (484) 379-0633
Photo of Philip John Pellegrino, Psychologist in Easton, PA
Philip John Pellegrino
Psychologist, PsyD, ABPP
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Do you imagine yourself living a more effective life? Does it feel that no matter how hard you try you keep getting stuck in the same patterns and routine? Are you struggling with overcoming a traumatic event or feeling sad all the time? Is anxiety or substance abuse getting in the way of your life? Have you tried to solve these problems on your own and realized you need help from someone else? The good news is that Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has a tremendous track record in helping all of these concerns.
Do you imagine yourself living a more effective life? Does it feel that no matter how hard you try you keep getting stuck in the same patterns and routine? Are you struggling with overcoming a traumatic event or feeling sad all the time? Is anxiety or substance abuse getting in the way of your life? Have you tried to solve these problems on your own and realized you need help from someone else? The good news is that Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has a tremendous track record in helping all of these concerns.
(610) 595-4349 View (610) 595-4349
Photo of John Miller, Licensed Professional Counselor in Easton, PA
John Miller
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
I appreciate the courage it takes to seek help. As your therapist I will strive to have your therapeutic journey feel respectful, safe, and collaborative. I specialize in couples counseling and adolescent issues, however additional areas of skill include those struggling with loneliness, introversion, those seeking meaningful relationships, and with men’s issues. I collaborate best with clients that are motivated to work on making healthy changes in their lives.
I appreciate the courage it takes to seek help. As your therapist I will strive to have your therapeutic journey feel respectful, safe, and collaborative. I specialize in couples counseling and adolescent issues, however additional areas of skill include those struggling with loneliness, introversion, those seeking meaningful relationships, and with men’s issues. I collaborate best with clients that are motivated to work on making healthy changes in their lives.
(272) 268-7641 View (272) 268-7641
Photo of Carl J. Nunley, Licensed Professional Counselor in Easton, PA
Carl J. Nunley
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
I work with couples and parents struggling to connect with their partner, siblings, parents, colleagues, and children. I have a particular communication model that cultivates a stronger connection to those that matter most to you. I will show you exactly what you're doing that's creating tension and arguments in your relationships. I'll then show you a better approach that formulates a stronger, more intense bond. Instead of arguing, being stressed, and anxious there's better understanding as you not only learn how to speak better but also how to listen better as well.
I work with couples and parents struggling to connect with their partner, siblings, parents, colleagues, and children. I have a particular communication model that cultivates a stronger connection to those that matter most to you. I will show you exactly what you're doing that's creating tension and arguments in your relationships. I'll then show you a better approach that formulates a stronger, more intense bond. Instead of arguing, being stressed, and anxious there's better understanding as you not only learn how to speak better but also how to listen better as well.
(484) 364-2393 View (484) 364-2393
Photo of Sean Butler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Easton, PA
Sean Butler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW- C, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017
Not accepting new clients
Ever wonder to yourself - why am I so unsure about everything I do? How do I know the decisions I make are rational or what’s best for me? Or maybe you fall in line with a thought like - what did I do last night and why did I make the choices I did? Perhaps you experience a feeling of shame or guilt that can only be described as deflating, crushing, or heavy. With this feeling you might have thoughts that you are not good enough or not worthy of friendships, wellbeing, or life itself. Do you find yourself pushing people away that care about you, leaning on unhealthy coping methods, or spending more and more time alone?
Ever wonder to yourself - why am I so unsure about everything I do? How do I know the decisions I make are rational or what’s best for me? Or maybe you fall in line with a thought like - what did I do last night and why did I make the choices I did? Perhaps you experience a feeling of shame or guilt that can only be described as deflating, crushing, or heavy. With this feeling you might have thoughts that you are not good enough or not worthy of friendships, wellbeing, or life itself. Do you find yourself pushing people away that care about you, leaning on unhealthy coping methods, or spending more and more time alone?
(484) 767-5216 View (484) 767-5216

Online Therapists

Photo of Basil Guyer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Easton, PA
Basil Guyer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
My work is informed by anti-oppressive theories & modalities, as well as EMDR for trauma work & emotional regulation.
Hello! My name is Basil. I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Pennsylvania and North Carolina. I've been providing psychotherapy since 2017, and have a long career history in disability work. Overall I have 17 years experience in Carework. I work primarily with individuals & couples with marginalized identities (in gender, sexuality, ability, neuro type, race, etc). I am also very interested in working with more cis men on the precipice of liberating themselves from toxic masculinity, particularly Dads, who want to be more conscious / intentional parents and partners. I also work with families.
My work is informed by anti-oppressive theories & modalities, as well as EMDR for trauma work & emotional regulation.
Hello! My name is Basil. I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Pennsylvania and North Carolina. I've been providing psychotherapy since 2017, and have a long career history in disability work. Overall I have 17 years experience in Carework. I work primarily with individuals & couples with marginalized identities (in gender, sexuality, ability, neuro type, race, etc). I am also very interested in working with more cis men on the precipice of liberating themselves from toxic masculinity, particularly Dads, who want to be more conscious / intentional parents and partners. I also work with families.
(919) 289-8164 View (919) 289-8164
Photo of Phillip Barton, Licensed Professional Counselor in Easton, PA
Phillip Barton
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bryn Mawr, PA 19010  (Online Only)
Many of us wrestle to find hope in our lives, move forward, or just make it through the day. Depression, anxiety, relationship concerns, and loss can take away motivation, causing struggle and suffering. This can change. Perhaps you're determining which life path to take or are dealing with past trauma, abuse, or painful memories. You don't have to carry this weight alone. I provide an unbiased, nonjudgmental space for adults to explore what is hindering them and overcome obstacles in healthy, ways.
Many of us wrestle to find hope in our lives, move forward, or just make it through the day. Depression, anxiety, relationship concerns, and loss can take away motivation, causing struggle and suffering. This can change. Perhaps you're determining which life path to take or are dealing with past trauma, abuse, or painful memories. You don't have to carry this weight alone. I provide an unbiased, nonjudgmental space for adults to explore what is hindering them and overcome obstacles in healthy, ways.
(267) 356-5911 View (267) 356-5911
Photo of Percival Fisher Jr., Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Easton, PA
Percival Fisher Jr.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MBA, LCSW-C, LICSW, LCSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Yeadon, PA 19050  (Online Only)
Additionally, I am a Certified Complex Trauma Professional (CCTP-II) where I incorporate trauma therapy into sessions as appropiate.
When it comes to working with clients, I like to meet them where they are at. My goal is to enter into a therapeutic alliance with my client and have the opportunity to explore their presenting concerns and together explore solutions or a different way of looking at the presenting issue. At times, clients come to into therapy for a resolution, support, compassion, a different perspective, and most importantly validation. I am here to support a client through this process.
Additionally, I am a Certified Complex Trauma Professional (CCTP-II) where I incorporate trauma therapy into sessions as appropiate.
When it comes to working with clients, I like to meet them where they are at. My goal is to enter into a therapeutic alliance with my client and have the opportunity to explore their presenting concerns and together explore solutions or a different way of looking at the presenting issue. At times, clients come to into therapy for a resolution, support, compassion, a different perspective, and most importantly validation. I am here to support a client through this process.
(610) 624-8513 View (610) 624-8513
Photo of Sean Pepley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Easton, PA
Sean Pepley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Wyndmoor, PA 19038
I view therapy as an opportunity to build a meaningful life. This can be through either discovering new meaning or recognizing meaning that's been there all along. In building therapeutic relationships, I aspire to form genuine, authentic connections with patients. My specialities include working with those experiencing existential anxiety or dread, those with complicated grief, trauma survivors, those with persistent suicidal ideation, and those who use drugs and aren't interested in abstinence.
I view therapy as an opportunity to build a meaningful life. This can be through either discovering new meaning or recognizing meaning that's been there all along. In building therapeutic relationships, I aspire to form genuine, authentic connections with patients. My specialities include working with those experiencing existential anxiety or dread, those with complicated grief, trauma survivors, those with persistent suicidal ideation, and those who use drugs and aren't interested in abstinence.
(267) 313-5357 View (267) 313-5357
Photo of Gillious J Soler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Easton, PA
Gillious J Soler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
I have extensive experience as a therapist helping individuals suffering from depression, anxiety, trauma, and PTSD achieve happiness, peace, and fulfillment.
CurrentlyVideo Visits Only. NY/PA. Welcome to a world of transformative self-discovery and empowerment. As a passionate and intuitive social worker therapist, I am dedicated to guiding you on a journey of profound self-awareness and personal growth. With a keen understanding of the human psyche, I am committed to creating a safe and nurturing space where you can explore the depths of your emotions and unleash the full potential of your inner strength. Through a fusion of empathy, wisdom, and unwavering support, I invite you to embark on a voyage of healing and self-actualization. Your path toward fulfillment and purpose begins now.
I have extensive experience as a therapist helping individuals suffering from depression, anxiety, trauma, and PTSD achieve happiness, peace, and fulfillment.
CurrentlyVideo Visits Only. NY/PA. Welcome to a world of transformative self-discovery and empowerment. As a passionate and intuitive social worker therapist, I am dedicated to guiding you on a journey of profound self-awareness and personal growth. With a keen understanding of the human psyche, I am committed to creating a safe and nurturing space where you can explore the depths of your emotions and unleash the full potential of your inner strength. Through a fusion of empathy, wisdom, and unwavering support, I invite you to embark on a voyage of healing and self-actualization. Your path toward fulfillment and purpose begins now.
(347) 464-0317 View (347) 464-0317
Photo of Phoenix Center for Experiential Trauma Therapy in Easton, PA
Phoenix Center for Experiential Trauma Therapy
DSW, LCSW, BCD, FAAETS, TEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Media, PA 19063
While other programs claim to be 'trauma-informed', our practice revolves entirely around trauma therapy. This is what we do best. The Phoenix Center for Experiential Trauma Therapy is named after the legendary figure of the phoenix that dies and is reborn from its own ashes – it is a symbol of transformation and resilience. The phenomenon of growing after experiencing trauma has been labeled “Post-Traumatic Growth”. This is exactly what we help our clients cultivate in their lives. While we cannot change the past, we can change how past experiences live within us Low-Cost Options Available with Our Graduate Interns
While other programs claim to be 'trauma-informed', our practice revolves entirely around trauma therapy. This is what we do best. The Phoenix Center for Experiential Trauma Therapy is named after the legendary figure of the phoenix that dies and is reborn from its own ashes – it is a symbol of transformation and resilience. The phenomenon of growing after experiencing trauma has been labeled “Post-Traumatic Growth”. This is exactly what we help our clients cultivate in their lives. While we cannot change the past, we can change how past experiences live within us Low-Cost Options Available with Our Graduate Interns
(484) 653-5066 View (484) 653-5066
Trauma and PTSD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.