Therapists in Lansing, MI

Photo of Jacqueline Whims, MA LLPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jacqueline Whims
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA LLPC
Verified Verified
Lansing, MI 48917
Welcome! I provide a safe and supportive environment for individuals, couples, and families through balancing acceptance and validation with change strategies. I am trained in Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). I also offer therapy through a Christian biblical worldview for those seeking to grow spiritually through the healing process.
Welcome! I provide a safe and supportive environment for individuals, couples, and families through balancing acceptance and validation with change strategies. I am trained in Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). I also offer therapy through a Christian biblical worldview for those seeking to grow spiritually through the healing process.
(517) 225-1795 View (517) 225-1795
Photo of Jordan Larsen, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jordan Larsen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lansing, MI 48912
My goal is to create a space where clients can feel comfortable and empowered to explore who they are so that they may become their authentic self. I am a strong believer in the relationship between therapist and client being a collaborative one, where you have just as much of a say in your treatment and will always be met from a place of non-judgment and curiosity. As a neurodivergent, queer woman, I understand all too well how difficult it can be to find real affirming care and just how relieving it is to find someone who actually "gets it." I aim to work from an antiracist, intersectional, sex positive, antiableist perspective.
My goal is to create a space where clients can feel comfortable and empowered to explore who they are so that they may become their authentic self. I am a strong believer in the relationship between therapist and client being a collaborative one, where you have just as much of a say in your treatment and will always be met from a place of non-judgment and curiosity. As a neurodivergent, queer woman, I understand all too well how difficult it can be to find real affirming care and just how relieving it is to find someone who actually "gets it." I aim to work from an antiracist, intersectional, sex positive, antiableist perspective.
(517) 923-2930 View (517) 923-2930
Photo of Carol L. Dixon, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Carol L. Dixon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Lansing, MI 48906
Unexpected life events happen to us all, and can happen at any time. This can often times result in feeling like the rug has been pulled from under you leaving you lying flat on your back. Feeling stuck and unable to figure out what to do next. You are not alone in this journey we call life. Kintsugi Wellness Counseling is about mending broken thoughts, repairing damaged foundations, changing unhelpful actions and habits. Kintsugi Wellness Counseling is about supporting and building resilience - managing life’s challenges, stresses, changes, and pressures effectively; learning to cope with and adapt successfully to adversity
Unexpected life events happen to us all, and can happen at any time. This can often times result in feeling like the rug has been pulled from under you leaving you lying flat on your back. Feeling stuck and unable to figure out what to do next. You are not alone in this journey we call life. Kintsugi Wellness Counseling is about mending broken thoughts, repairing damaged foundations, changing unhelpful actions and habits. Kintsugi Wellness Counseling is about supporting and building resilience - managing life’s challenges, stresses, changes, and pressures effectively; learning to cope with and adapt successfully to adversity
(517) 283-5355 View (517) 283-5355
Photo of Byron L. Hills, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Byron L. Hills
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
Lansing, MI 48911
Not accepting new clients
As a neurodivergent and experienced social worker with over 20 years of applied practice, I bring a unique perspective to therapy. My journey includes a Bachelor's in Social Work from Saginaw Valley State University and a Master's in Social Work focused on childhood trauma. I've worked with diverse populations, including youth with problematic sexual behaviors, adults recovering from substance use disorders, and families involved in foster care and adoption.
As a neurodivergent and experienced social worker with over 20 years of applied practice, I bring a unique perspective to therapy. My journey includes a Bachelor's in Social Work from Saginaw Valley State University and a Master's in Social Work focused on childhood trauma. I've worked with diverse populations, including youth with problematic sexual behaviors, adults recovering from substance use disorders, and families involved in foster care and adoption.
(517) 261-4764 x151 View (517) 261-4764 x151
Photo of Charles Brad Rose, MA, LPC, CRCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Charles Brad Rose
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CRCC
Verified Verified
Lansing, MI 48917
I am accepting new clients. I am accepting LLPCs for supervision training to acquire your LPC. Call me at 517-944-0463 to reserve a spot in the next class. I am a licensed Professional Counselor with more than ten years of experience in assisting individuals with developmental disabilities, traumatic brain injuries, emotional and mental problems. I use the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy approach to help improve individuals personal life, professional life and mental health life.
I am accepting new clients. I am accepting LLPCs for supervision training to acquire your LPC. Call me at 517-944-0463 to reserve a spot in the next class. I am a licensed Professional Counselor with more than ten years of experience in assisting individuals with developmental disabilities, traumatic brain injuries, emotional and mental problems. I use the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy approach to help improve individuals personal life, professional life and mental health life.
(517) 429-2121 View (517) 429-2121
Photo of Allison Stewart, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Allison Stewart
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lansing, MI 48911  (Online Only)
You're calm on the outside, but inside is a rollercoaster of anxiety and stress. Overthinking and worrying runs your life and feeling relaxed seems impossible. No matter what you do, you feel overwhelmed with emotion or you numb out and feel nothing. You've been called "too sensitive", your self esteem is low, or feel like you're too much for people in your life. Maybe something happened in your past that still affects you and you wish you could get over it. Trauma and emotions feel trapped inside and you feel like you're in survival mode 24/7. You're tired of feeling this way and you're ready for a shift in how you experience life.
You're calm on the outside, but inside is a rollercoaster of anxiety and stress. Overthinking and worrying runs your life and feeling relaxed seems impossible. No matter what you do, you feel overwhelmed with emotion or you numb out and feel nothing. You've been called "too sensitive", your self esteem is low, or feel like you're too much for people in your life. Maybe something happened in your past that still affects you and you wish you could get over it. Trauma and emotions feel trapped inside and you feel like you're in survival mode 24/7. You're tired of feeling this way and you're ready for a shift in how you experience life.
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Photo of Shanty Robbennolt, LPC, CAADC, CCS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Shanty Robbennolt
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CAADC, CCS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lansing, MI 48917
Are you feeling off and not quite like yourself? Are your relationships strained, work stressful, or things feeling out of control? Maybe you are overwhelmed, lonely, or feeling misunderstood and down. Or perhaps you’re stuck in a cycle of conflict, avoidance, or distraction, and getting nowhere. If you've tried various solutions without success and aren’t sure what to do next, you’re not alone. I'm here to offer you the support, guidance, and practical strategies you need to get through this tough time. We’ll work together to help you find clarity and create a path toward a life that feels more peaceful, purposeful, and fulfilling.
Are you feeling off and not quite like yourself? Are your relationships strained, work stressful, or things feeling out of control? Maybe you are overwhelmed, lonely, or feeling misunderstood and down. Or perhaps you’re stuck in a cycle of conflict, avoidance, or distraction, and getting nowhere. If you've tried various solutions without success and aren’t sure what to do next, you’re not alone. I'm here to offer you the support, guidance, and practical strategies you need to get through this tough time. We’ll work together to help you find clarity and create a path toward a life that feels more peaceful, purposeful, and fulfilling.
(517) 221-9522 View (517) 221-9522
Photo of Shalonda James-Garza, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Shalonda James-Garza
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lansing, MI 48912
Not accepting new clients
Supporting individuals and families to become their healthiest selves is my passion. Life brings with it joy, loss, transition, and uncertainty. Connecting with a therapist can help you identify personal challenges and new coping strategies as you navigate life. Let's partner and work toward growth, hope, and fulfillment. You are worth your time! Recognizing your value and worth is a powerful process. Together we can identify and develop plans to address thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that might hinder you from what you desire in life.
Supporting individuals and families to become their healthiest selves is my passion. Life brings with it joy, loss, transition, and uncertainty. Connecting with a therapist can help you identify personal challenges and new coping strategies as you navigate life. Let's partner and work toward growth, hope, and fulfillment. You are worth your time! Recognizing your value and worth is a powerful process. Together we can identify and develop plans to address thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that might hinder you from what you desire in life.
(517) 200-3124 View (517) 200-3124
Photo of Stephanie Gogarn, MA, LLPC, Counselor
Stephanie Gogarn
Counselor, MA, LLPC
Verified Verified
Lansing, MI 48910
I am trained in individual, group and family counseling. I am equipped to serve any population but have expertise with adults that present with substance abuse and addiction; elderly population as well as children and families. I am certified as an Acudetox Specialist through the National Acudetox Association. This skill set is a technique that can offer non medicinal services to clients that may need immediate results to assist with substance abuse; detox, and clients that identify with behavioral or traumatic experiences.
I am trained in individual, group and family counseling. I am equipped to serve any population but have expertise with adults that present with substance abuse and addiction; elderly population as well as children and families. I am certified as an Acudetox Specialist through the National Acudetox Association. This skill set is a technique that can offer non medicinal services to clients that may need immediate results to assist with substance abuse; detox, and clients that identify with behavioral or traumatic experiences.
(517) 292-3774 View (517) 292-3774
Photo of John Joseph Rembisz, Pre-Licensed Professional
John Joseph Rembisz
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lansing, MI 48911  (Online Only)
I provide individual, couples, or family therapy for clients 11 years and older. I specialize in treating trauma, anxiety, depression, identity issues, relationship issues, parenting issues, family dynamics, chronic pain/illness, addiction, & eating disorders. Additional populations I serve include first responders, military/veterans, LGBTQIA+, and adoption/foster care. Therapy is not "one size fits all". Every person has their own unique experiences and perspectives. I tailor my approach to fit my client and help them achieve their goals.
I provide individual, couples, or family therapy for clients 11 years and older. I specialize in treating trauma, anxiety, depression, identity issues, relationship issues, parenting issues, family dynamics, chronic pain/illness, addiction, & eating disorders. Additional populations I serve include first responders, military/veterans, LGBTQIA+, and adoption/foster care. Therapy is not "one size fits all". Every person has their own unique experiences and perspectives. I tailor my approach to fit my client and help them achieve their goals.
(517) 793-5428 View (517) 793-5428
Photo of Robert M. Wilson, MA, LLP, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Robert M. Wilson
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, LLP
Verified Verified
Lansing, MI 48933
I believe that every individual has the ability to be the best version of themselves, by breaking down the barriers brought upon by daily stressors and traumatic experiences. These problems may appear as depression, anxiety, problems with coping and strained interpersonal relationships. I also use Behavior Analytic principles to teach parents strategies and techniques to modify problematic behaviors in children.
I believe that every individual has the ability to be the best version of themselves, by breaking down the barriers brought upon by daily stressors and traumatic experiences. These problems may appear as depression, anxiety, problems with coping and strained interpersonal relationships. I also use Behavior Analytic principles to teach parents strategies and techniques to modify problematic behaviors in children.
(947) 333-8477 View (947) 333-8477
Photo of Jill Gunderson, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jill Gunderson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lansing, MI 48933  (Online Only)
I offer a compassionate, flexible, safe space for people who are experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma or strong feelings of grief over the loss of a loved one. My goal is to help you stop feeling overwhelmed and start guiding you to where things feel manageable again. I take great joy in providing you a place to feel the difficult things you need to feel, explore your thoughts, feelings, goals and really accept you for who you are and where you are in your current life circumstances.
I offer a compassionate, flexible, safe space for people who are experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma or strong feelings of grief over the loss of a loved one. My goal is to help you stop feeling overwhelmed and start guiding you to where things feel manageable again. I take great joy in providing you a place to feel the difficult things you need to feel, explore your thoughts, feelings, goals and really accept you for who you are and where you are in your current life circumstances.
(517) 201-2183 View (517) 201-2183
Photo of Lauren Oberg, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lauren Oberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Lansing, MI 48910  (Online Only)
I believe in the uniqueness of each person’s story, the innate power to overcome the darkest moments in life, and the beauty that comes from the process. In session, my intention is to build a trusting and collaborative relationship, bringing warmth, compassion, empathy, truth-telling, and hope to our time together. I utilize a holistic approach to healing, focusing on the integration of emotional, physical, and spiritual wellness. It is a great privilege to walk alongside those who are willing to put in the hard and courageous work to find hope and healing.
I believe in the uniqueness of each person’s story, the innate power to overcome the darkest moments in life, and the beauty that comes from the process. In session, my intention is to build a trusting and collaborative relationship, bringing warmth, compassion, empathy, truth-telling, and hope to our time together. I utilize a holistic approach to healing, focusing on the integration of emotional, physical, and spiritual wellness. It is a great privilege to walk alongside those who are willing to put in the hard and courageous work to find hope and healing.
(517) 300-9971 View (517) 300-9971
Photo of Richard L Baldwin, MA/LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Richard L Baldwin
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA/LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lansing, MI 48911
Hello, and thank you for taking a moment to stop by. You are evidently looking for something; perhaps I can help you find it. Seeking help can seem like staring at the base of a steep cliff and facing a seemingly unreachable goal, a goal of real and satisfying change. While change is not often easily or painlessly achieved, it is certainly possible. With an experienced helper to assist along the way, you can determine to safely and successfully make your way toward the top. The hardest step, of course, is the first: that of getting started. You have already done so in reading this, so don't stop now. Keep going.
Hello, and thank you for taking a moment to stop by. You are evidently looking for something; perhaps I can help you find it. Seeking help can seem like staring at the base of a steep cliff and facing a seemingly unreachable goal, a goal of real and satisfying change. While change is not often easily or painlessly achieved, it is certainly possible. With an experienced helper to assist along the way, you can determine to safely and successfully make your way toward the top. The hardest step, of course, is the first: that of getting started. You have already done so in reading this, so don't stop now. Keep going.
(517) 901-7240 View (517) 901-7240
Photo of Charmeka (Whitehead) Newton, Psychologist
Charmeka (Whitehead) Newton
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Lansing, MI 48933
The term Legacy by definition means "something of value transmitted by or received from an ancestor or predecessor or from the past." As I reflect upon my life I noticed people who laid up for me a legacy, a promise and hope. The most influential people who have impacted my life and who established a legacy for me were my grandparents. They established a legacy, it was the legacy of care, compassion, and goodwill to mankind. I saw kindness, love, patience, meekness, faithfulness, and gentleness and these are the qualities I bring into the therapeutic relationships.
The term Legacy by definition means "something of value transmitted by or received from an ancestor or predecessor or from the past." As I reflect upon my life I noticed people who laid up for me a legacy, a promise and hope. The most influential people who have impacted my life and who established a legacy for me were my grandparents. They established a legacy, it was the legacy of care, compassion, and goodwill to mankind. I saw kindness, love, patience, meekness, faithfulness, and gentleness and these are the qualities I bring into the therapeutic relationships.
(248) 817-4082 View (248) 817-4082
Photo of Mark Joseph Cannizzaro, PhD, Psychologist
Mark Joseph Cannizzaro
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Lansing, MI 48933
I often build trust and rapport quickly, while instilling hope and optimism. Therapy is performed both in person and tele therapeutically, helping to ameliorate symptoms and improve overall functioning in those that I serve. In addition to individual therapy, I really enjoy and have found success in performing couples counseling/family therapy and often have evening hours that make it easier for both partners/children to get into therapy consistently. For years, clients have felt relaxed and heard in the sessions, making continuing therapy seamless for many. Scheduling is easy, at your leisure, via a portal when you are ready.
I often build trust and rapport quickly, while instilling hope and optimism. Therapy is performed both in person and tele therapeutically, helping to ameliorate symptoms and improve overall functioning in those that I serve. In addition to individual therapy, I really enjoy and have found success in performing couples counseling/family therapy and often have evening hours that make it easier for both partners/children to get into therapy consistently. For years, clients have felt relaxed and heard in the sessions, making continuing therapy seamless for many. Scheduling is easy, at your leisure, via a portal when you are ready.
(734) 210-1854 View (734) 210-1854
Photo of Mariam Mukhtar, PhD, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Mariam Mukhtar
Limited Licensed Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Lansing, MI 48933  (Online Only)
I have immediate availability. My ideal clients are children, adults and teens who are facing anxiety, depression, or trauma, feeling overwhelmed by life's challenges. They seek a safe space to share their story and explore their emotions, craving connection and understanding. Their goals include healing from past experiences, finding balance, and embracing self-empowerment. Ultimately, they want to cultivate a fulfilling life that aligns with their values and aspirations.
I have immediate availability. My ideal clients are children, adults and teens who are facing anxiety, depression, or trauma, feeling overwhelmed by life's challenges. They seek a safe space to share their story and explore their emotions, craving connection and understanding. Their goals include healing from past experiences, finding balance, and embracing self-empowerment. Ultimately, they want to cultivate a fulfilling life that aligns with their values and aspirations.
(517) 760-8722 View (517) 760-8722
Photo of Judith Ramsey, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Judith Ramsey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lansing, MI 48911
Feeling down and out of sorts? Maybe something doesn't feel quite right? Seeing a therapist is a big step in one's life, one that many are worried about, due to the many stigmas surrounding sharing your feelings and speaking to someone about your problems. You are not alone, and I am here to help you take the first step to feeling better and getting your life back on track.
Feeling down and out of sorts? Maybe something doesn't feel quite right? Seeing a therapist is a big step in one's life, one that many are worried about, due to the many stigmas surrounding sharing your feelings and speaking to someone about your problems. You are not alone, and I am here to help you take the first step to feeling better and getting your life back on track.
(517) 878-9935 View (517) 878-9935
Photo of Jennifer Nicole Garza, LPC, NCC, CMHP, QIDP, QMHP, Counselor
Jennifer Nicole Garza
Counselor, LPC, NCC, CMHP, QIDP, QMHP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lansing, MI 48906
I am a counselor in Michigan with 15+ years of experience providing counseling to families and individuals across the lifespan in-person, on the phone, and online formats. I have worked with clients on a wide range of issues from life adjustments to severe and persistent mental illness. I am a special needs parent, with a young adult son with Autism; and another young adult daughter that is LGBTQ+. Clients often find me to be very relatable because of the combination of my professional and personal experiences.
I am a counselor in Michigan with 15+ years of experience providing counseling to families and individuals across the lifespan in-person, on the phone, and online formats. I have worked with clients on a wide range of issues from life adjustments to severe and persistent mental illness. I am a special needs parent, with a young adult son with Autism; and another young adult daughter that is LGBTQ+. Clients often find me to be very relatable because of the combination of my professional and personal experiences.
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Photo of Lynnette LaBrecque, LMSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lynnette LaBrecque
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW-C
Verified Verified
Lansing, MI 48933  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical social worker with 21 years of experience as a mental health therapist. I strive to create a safe and supportive environment where you can feel heard, validated and empowered.
I am a licensed clinical social worker with 21 years of experience as a mental health therapist. I strive to create a safe and supportive environment where you can feel heard, validated and empowered.
(517) 201-0238 View (517) 201-0238
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Lansing, MI

500+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Lansing, MI who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
86% Depression
72% Trauma and PTSD
71% Relationship Issues
71% Self Esteem
69% Coping Skills
64% Stress

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

91% BlueCross and BlueShield
65% Aetna
55% McLaren

How Therapists in Lansing, MI see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Lansing?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.