Therapists in Santa Monica, CA

Photo of Emily Ferro, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MPH
Emily Ferro
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MPH
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Santa Monica, CA 90405
Therapy is for YOU. It is a space to explore your needs, emotions, beliefs, relationships, values, goals, and so much more. It is also a place to process how personal, intergenerational, and societal history has shaped your way of life. Therapy can support you in challenging yourself to make important life changes by developing skills and techniques to break habits and patterns that are no longer useful.
Therapy is for YOU. It is a space to explore your needs, emotions, beliefs, relationships, values, goals, and so much more. It is also a place to process how personal, intergenerational, and societal history has shaped your way of life. Therapy can support you in challenging yourself to make important life changes by developing skills and techniques to break habits and patterns that are no longer useful.
(424) 417-2271 View (424) 417-2271
Photo of Tracy R Zemansky, Psychologist, PhD, CSAT-S, MFT
Tracy R Zemansky
Psychologist, PhD, CSAT-S, MFT
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90405
I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist, Clinical Sex Addiction Therapist - Supervisor, and licensed MFT with a private practice in Santa Monica, California since 1994. I offer interpersonal psychotherapy with individuals, families, and groups as well as psychological testing and assessment. My areas of expertise include: substance and process addictions, trauma/abuse, positive psychology, impaired professionals and first-responders, as well as grief/loss, disfigurement, and cross-cultural issues. I provide traditional, forensic, and pre-employment psychological assessment as well as Collaborative/Therapeutic evaluations.
I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist, Clinical Sex Addiction Therapist - Supervisor, and licensed MFT with a private practice in Santa Monica, California since 1994. I offer interpersonal psychotherapy with individuals, families, and groups as well as psychological testing and assessment. My areas of expertise include: substance and process addictions, trauma/abuse, positive psychology, impaired professionals and first-responders, as well as grief/loss, disfigurement, and cross-cultural issues. I provide traditional, forensic, and pre-employment psychological assessment as well as Collaborative/Therapeutic evaluations.
(424) 396-0349 View (424) 396-0349
Photo of Lizabeth Belli, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Lizabeth Belli
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Online Only
Navigating life's waves can be challenging amidst a whirlwind of work, relationships, and a changing world. It's easy to feel off-balance, but with intention and skill, you can reclaim your balance. People come to me when they feel something is missing, like purpose or connection. They may feel stuck, confused, or struggle with confidence and self-worth. Others may experience depression, anxiety, or feel overwhelmed by grief or anger. I work collaboratively, integrating various approaches (client-centered, humanistic, mindfulness and Eastern philosophies) to create change. Seeking help is courageous and I appreciate you being here!
Navigating life's waves can be challenging amidst a whirlwind of work, relationships, and a changing world. It's easy to feel off-balance, but with intention and skill, you can reclaim your balance. People come to me when they feel something is missing, like purpose or connection. They may feel stuck, confused, or struggle with confidence and self-worth. Others may experience depression, anxiety, or feel overwhelmed by grief or anger. I work collaboratively, integrating various approaches (client-centered, humanistic, mindfulness and Eastern philosophies) to create change. Seeking help is courageous and I appreciate you being here!
(323) 577-6747 View (323) 577-6747
Photo of Dr. Sophie Lew, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Sophie Lew
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Individualized therapy for individuals, couples, and families addresses a wide range of mental health challenges, from everyday stress to deeper issues like anxiety, depression, trauma, and relational difficulties. I provide a safe, confidential space for healing and personal growth, fostering self-exploration and equipping clients with tools to overcome obstacles. My integrative approach honors each person’s unique journey, focusing on holistic care that promotes lasting positive change. Together, we’ll work toward self-awareness, resilience, and well-being. www.drsophielew.com
Individualized therapy for individuals, couples, and families addresses a wide range of mental health challenges, from everyday stress to deeper issues like anxiety, depression, trauma, and relational difficulties. I provide a safe, confidential space for healing and personal growth, fostering self-exploration and equipping clients with tools to overcome obstacles. My integrative approach honors each person’s unique journey, focusing on holistic care that promotes lasting positive change. Together, we’ll work toward self-awareness, resilience, and well-being. www.drsophielew.com
(415) 599-1657 View (415) 599-1657
Photo of Colleen M. McBride, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Colleen M. McBride
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
Through this approach, we explore how early experiences in your family, community, and cultural context impacted your sense of self, your relationships, and your world, sometimes in ways outside of your awareness. I am passionate about empathetically meeting clients where they are and creating spaces for them to explore and express all of themselves without judgment. I understand the work of therapy as empowering yourself to be able to have and learn from your difficult feelings while feeling safe and connected to yourself and others. I work collaboratively with clients, emphasizing curiosity and compassion throughout.
Through this approach, we explore how early experiences in your family, community, and cultural context impacted your sense of self, your relationships, and your world, sometimes in ways outside of your awareness. I am passionate about empathetically meeting clients where they are and creating spaces for them to explore and express all of themselves without judgment. I understand the work of therapy as empowering yourself to be able to have and learn from your difficult feelings while feeling safe and connected to yourself and others. I work collaboratively with clients, emphasizing curiosity and compassion throughout.
(424) 610-8004 View (424) 610-8004
Photo of A J Seargeant, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
A J Seargeant
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hello! I'm happy you are taking steps to find the answers you seek! And therapy should always be about what YOU want. Doing this human stuff can be messy! I understand many of the things that bring people to therapy; I've been a client myself! I’ve been in individual and group settings involving couples therapy, recovering from divorce, and just trying to be the best father and person I can be. I have personally known trauma, grief, loss, depression, anxiety.
Hello! I'm happy you are taking steps to find the answers you seek! And therapy should always be about what YOU want. Doing this human stuff can be messy! I understand many of the things that bring people to therapy; I've been a client myself! I’ve been in individual and group settings involving couples therapy, recovering from divorce, and just trying to be the best father and person I can be. I have personally known trauma, grief, loss, depression, anxiety.
(714) 984-0853 View (714) 984-0853
Photo of Shannon O'Connor, Psychologist, PsyD
Shannon O'Connor
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90401
Life's experiences are wide-reaching. At times we struggle with our thoughts, our emotions, how we interact with others, and our beliefs about ourselves. Sometimes we are able to navigate through these situations quite well. Other times our capacity to cope and manage these concerns become limited. While both responses are completely normal, it can be helpful to have a supportive voice along the way via therapy.
Life's experiences are wide-reaching. At times we struggle with our thoughts, our emotions, how we interact with others, and our beliefs about ourselves. Sometimes we are able to navigate through these situations quite well. Other times our capacity to cope and manage these concerns become limited. While both responses are completely normal, it can be helpful to have a supportive voice along the way via therapy.
(323) 433-5370 View (323) 433-5370
Photo of Tely Toumani, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, LPCC, CIHC
Tely Toumani
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, LPCC, CIHC
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90401
I have a passion for this work and honor and appreciate my clients. Starting from wherever you are “stuck,” we’ll work on developing your ability to deal with problems in such a way that they become opportunities for personal growth. Our greatest difficulties can be life’s greatest gifts in disguise if we can learn how to translate their messages. It may be hard to imagine that your eating disorder or anxiety attacks (for example) can take you somewhere positive, but every problem we encounter has the potential to move us to a place of greater self-understanding,
I have a passion for this work and honor and appreciate my clients. Starting from wherever you are “stuck,” we’ll work on developing your ability to deal with problems in such a way that they become opportunities for personal growth. Our greatest difficulties can be life’s greatest gifts in disguise if we can learn how to translate their messages. It may be hard to imagine that your eating disorder or anxiety attacks (for example) can take you somewhere positive, but every problem we encounter has the potential to move us to a place of greater self-understanding,
(310) 572-2700 View (310) 572-2700
Photo of Paula A Jones, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Paula A Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90403
We all have challenges as well as strengths in our lives. I support my clients as they work through life challenges , and mental health diagnosis such as ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), depression, anxiety and relationship issues. I see teenagers and adults as well as couples in most cases virtually. In the context of a supportive relationship, I help clients deal with emotions that are causing distress and guide them in making meaningful life changes in their behaviors, thoughts and circumstances.
We all have challenges as well as strengths in our lives. I support my clients as they work through life challenges , and mental health diagnosis such as ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), depression, anxiety and relationship issues. I see teenagers and adults as well as couples in most cases virtually. In the context of a supportive relationship, I help clients deal with emotions that are causing distress and guide them in making meaningful life changes in their behaviors, thoughts and circumstances.
(424) 587-2544 View (424) 587-2544
Photo of Shirldawn Williams, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Shirldawn Williams
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
I have experience working with individuals who are dealing with depression and anxiety and those who are lost and navigating different life situations. I've successfully guided people through various life challenges from divorce, coming out, bereavement, etc. and I am here to support you too. Your story and lived experiences matter. I love to blend and honor this while incorporating various therapeutic modalities.
I have experience working with individuals who are dealing with depression and anxiety and those who are lost and navigating different life situations. I've successfully guided people through various life challenges from divorce, coming out, bereavement, etc. and I am here to support you too. Your story and lived experiences matter. I love to blend and honor this while incorporating various therapeutic modalities.
(424) 409-5570 View (424) 409-5570
Photo of Dafi Shanti, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Dafi Shanti
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90402
My work is about helping you change your automatic patterns that keep you stuck and suffering. The story of your life that may have caused you pain & isn’t serving you anymore. Creating awareness will lead to creating change, a shift you from the way you used to deal w/ whatever challenges you are facing in the present: depression, anxiety, grief & relationship. By changing your beliefs, you will recalibrate. I’m passionate about empowering individuals in their journey to better their life quality into a life they deserve. I’m an Integrative Coach. I'm certified in Past Life Regression Therapy (PLR) from Dr. Brian Weiss.
My work is about helping you change your automatic patterns that keep you stuck and suffering. The story of your life that may have caused you pain & isn’t serving you anymore. Creating awareness will lead to creating change, a shift you from the way you used to deal w/ whatever challenges you are facing in the present: depression, anxiety, grief & relationship. By changing your beliefs, you will recalibrate. I’m passionate about empowering individuals in their journey to better their life quality into a life they deserve. I’m an Integrative Coach. I'm certified in Past Life Regression Therapy (PLR) from Dr. Brian Weiss.
(424) 587-2147 View (424) 587-2147
Photo of Brooke Lawton, Pre-Licensed Professional
Brooke Lawton
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Online Only
Finding clarity, connection, and confidence in your relationships—with yourself and others—can feel overwhelming, but you don’t have to navigate it alone. Whether you're working through anxiety, shame, intimacy concerns, or the lingering impact of past experiences, therapy can be a place to untangle the patterns that hold you back and move toward the life you want. I work with individuals and couples seeking deeper self-understanding, emotional safety, and more fulfilling relationships. My approach is collaborative, nonjudgmental, and tailored to your unique needs.
Finding clarity, connection, and confidence in your relationships—with yourself and others—can feel overwhelming, but you don’t have to navigate it alone. Whether you're working through anxiety, shame, intimacy concerns, or the lingering impact of past experiences, therapy can be a place to untangle the patterns that hold you back and move toward the life you want. I work with individuals and couples seeking deeper self-understanding, emotional safety, and more fulfilling relationships. My approach is collaborative, nonjudgmental, and tailored to your unique needs.
(424) 544-2005 View (424) 544-2005
Photo of Natalie Marie Reina, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Natalie Marie Reina
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Santa Monica, CA 90405
Life seems okay on the outside. There’s connection, people who care, even some sense of purpose. Others trust you with their stories, but opening up yourself feels impossible. Worries about burdening others or changing the mood keep you quiet. Behind the smiles is a persistent unhappiness. Maybe you've been through a lot and facing it all feels like too much. Thoughts like “If I slow down, I’ll fall apart” or maybe presence in your body feels unsafe. If this resonates, I want to tell you that you can live a life that feels more authentic, peaceful and grounded. Let’s connect and see if we’re a good fit.
Life seems okay on the outside. There’s connection, people who care, even some sense of purpose. Others trust you with their stories, but opening up yourself feels impossible. Worries about burdening others or changing the mood keep you quiet. Behind the smiles is a persistent unhappiness. Maybe you've been through a lot and facing it all feels like too much. Thoughts like “If I slow down, I’ll fall apart” or maybe presence in your body feels unsafe. If this resonates, I want to tell you that you can live a life that feels more authentic, peaceful and grounded. Let’s connect and see if we’re a good fit.
(424) 781-1873 View (424) 781-1873
Photo of Madeleine Zimmerman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, CCTP-I, C-DBT
Madeleine Zimmerman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, CCTP-I, C-DBT
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Online Only
Unlock the power to reclaim control over your life! Whether you’re grappling with the weight of guilt, anxiety or navigating addiction-either your own or a loved one’s-I provide a safe & encouraging space where you can break free from the grips of overwhelm. It’s common to neglect self-care amidst the hustle of work, family, school, obligations and/or strained relationships. Together, we will focus on developing alternative strategies, breaking unhelpful patterns, effectively manage anxiety & stress, and nurture healthy & fulfilling relationships. Clients frequently leave session with fresh insights & a clear path forward!
Unlock the power to reclaim control over your life! Whether you’re grappling with the weight of guilt, anxiety or navigating addiction-either your own or a loved one’s-I provide a safe & encouraging space where you can break free from the grips of overwhelm. It’s common to neglect self-care amidst the hustle of work, family, school, obligations and/or strained relationships. Together, we will focus on developing alternative strategies, breaking unhelpful patterns, effectively manage anxiety & stress, and nurture healthy & fulfilling relationships. Clients frequently leave session with fresh insights & a clear path forward!
(310) 361-1709 View (310) 361-1709
Photo of Joyce Houser, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Joyce Houser
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90401
Relationships, work, and health are the areas that challenge us the most. Whether you are single or in a relationship, love can be tough to find or keep. Don't settle for loneliness, fights, circular arguments or cold distance. Good communication can be learned. Affairs can often be survived. I understand the needs of sensitive personalities, and the specific challenges of being a sensitive person in world of creativity or business. Are you suffering from anxiety, perfectionism, lack of confidence, or time crunch? I can help. Find more information on my website.
Relationships, work, and health are the areas that challenge us the most. Whether you are single or in a relationship, love can be tough to find or keep. Don't settle for loneliness, fights, circular arguments or cold distance. Good communication can be learned. Affairs can often be survived. I understand the needs of sensitive personalities, and the specific challenges of being a sensitive person in world of creativity or business. Are you suffering from anxiety, perfectionism, lack of confidence, or time crunch? I can help. Find more information on my website.
(310) 895-9106 View (310) 895-9106
Photo of Alex Frank, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Alex Frank
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Monica, CA 90401
For 12 years I've helped people heal their depression & anxiety, working with individuals, families and couples. I help people process loss, restore stability and creativity, and repair their relationships. Are you stalled with career or relationship, stuck on a major life decision? Struggling with loss or trauma? Let's take a patient, compassionate look and work through it together. Find a therapist who really gets you, and who will help you move forward!
For 12 years I've helped people heal their depression & anxiety, working with individuals, families and couples. I help people process loss, restore stability and creativity, and repair their relationships. Are you stalled with career or relationship, stuck on a major life decision? Struggling with loss or trauma? Let's take a patient, compassionate look and work through it together. Find a therapist who really gets you, and who will help you move forward!
(424) 304-1009 View (424) 304-1009
Photo of Jeaqueline Monroy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Jeaqueline Monroy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a bilingual Spanish speaking Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 15 years of experience. I have worked closely with children, adolescents and adults facing difficult challenges in their lives. I offer individual therapy to address issues related to depression, anxiety, grief and loss, trauma and relational issues. I also offer couples work.
I am a bilingual Spanish speaking Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 15 years of experience. I have worked closely with children, adolescents and adults facing difficult challenges in their lives. I offer individual therapy to address issues related to depression, anxiety, grief and loss, trauma and relational issues. I also offer couples work.
(310) 361-1426 x2 View (310) 361-1426 x2
Photo of Diya Varma, Pre-Licensed Professional, MBA
Diya Varma
Pre-Licensed Professional, MBA
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90401
Environments of focus include addiction, on-set crisis, and entertainment. Please reach out for on-set inquiries.
Environments of focus include addiction, on-set crisis, and entertainment. Please reach out for on-set inquiries.
(424) 339-0256 View (424) 339-0256
Photo of Leah N Matson - Leah Matson Ph.D., Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MFT
Leah Matson Ph.D.
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
Welcome on your search for a therapist. I love being a part of your experience, and I have spent my life training for and providing deep participation in improving the quality of life for my clients. Having been a teacher of psychology for years at Antioch University, Los Angeles, I will provide a full spectrum of theory and tools to use for your new life choices and design. I have had a private practice since 1990, and have seen the inspiring efforts that clients make, often in the face of great difficulty, to wrestle with their problems of living.
Welcome on your search for a therapist. I love being a part of your experience, and I have spent my life training for and providing deep participation in improving the quality of life for my clients. Having been a teacher of psychology for years at Antioch University, Los Angeles, I will provide a full spectrum of theory and tools to use for your new life choices and design. I have had a private practice since 1990, and have seen the inspiring efforts that clients make, often in the face of great difficulty, to wrestle with their problems of living.
(424) 324-5293 View (424) 324-5293
Photo of Allan Silverstein, Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, MD
Allan Silverstein
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, MD
Verified Verified
Online Only
A good therapist has wisdom, compassion and the ability to connect deeply with you, while creating a safe healing environment. These are among the strengths that my patients ascribed to me during my many years as a Pediatrician... and that ultimately led me to a career in psychotherapy. Having raised two preadolescent daughters after my wife died, I have experienced many of life's tragedies, celebrations, anxieties and fears. With empathy, expertise, and kindness, I've helped countless individuals and families work through their issues. I would look forward to doing the same with you. I employ HUMOR when appropriate and useful.
A good therapist has wisdom, compassion and the ability to connect deeply with you, while creating a safe healing environment. These are among the strengths that my patients ascribed to me during my many years as a Pediatrician... and that ultimately led me to a career in psychotherapy. Having raised two preadolescent daughters after my wife died, I have experienced many of life's tragedies, celebrations, anxieties and fears. With empathy, expertise, and kindness, I've helped countless individuals and families work through their issues. I would look forward to doing the same with you. I employ HUMOR when appropriate and useful.
(424) 324-5167 View (424) 324-5167
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Santa Monica, CA

2,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in Santa Monica, CA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
88% Depression
83% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
65% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% Aetna
59% Cigna and Evernorth
54% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Santa Monica, CA see their clients

58% In Person and Online
42% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Santa Monica?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.