Therapists in Ferndale, MI

Cathleen Nolan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
In the words of Lao Tzu " The journey of a thousand miles begins with one step". Let's begin this journey together, one step at at time and let me meet you exactly where you are at this moment in your life.
In the words of Lao Tzu " The journey of a thousand miles begins with one step". Let's begin this journey together, one step at at time and let me meet you exactly where you are at this moment in your life.
(248) 290-6728 View (248) 290-6728
Photo of Center for Therapeutic Arts, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ferndale, MI
Center for Therapeutic Arts
Licensed Professional Counselor, PsyD, LPC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
I have always been amazed at the inherent healing qualities of art. By providing my clients with a safe holding environment, I pave the way to explore their concerns in therapy. Art has a way of quickly bringing issues from the unconscious into the conscious realm where they can be processed verbally or just witnessed. Art is wonderful for increasing tolerance of frustration, delay of gratification and learning to verbalize emotional states. I use all of the Expressive Arts to create individually tailored experientials to promote increased understanding and growth with my clients.
I have always been amazed at the inherent healing qualities of art. By providing my clients with a safe holding environment, I pave the way to explore their concerns in therapy. Art has a way of quickly bringing issues from the unconscious into the conscious realm where they can be processed verbally or just witnessed. Art is wonderful for increasing tolerance of frustration, delay of gratification and learning to verbalize emotional states. I use all of the Expressive Arts to create individually tailored experientials to promote increased understanding and growth with my clients.
(248) 648-3981 View (248) 648-3981
Photo of Matthew John McCormick, Psychologist in Ferndale, MI
Matthew John McCormick
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
Waitlist for new clients
Hello! I'm a licensed psychologist experienced in helping people with adjustment problems, grief work, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, OCD, PTSD, and other psychological problems in individual therapy. I feel creating a supportive, judgment-free environment is key in developing a positive therapeutic relationship and have experience with cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, and humanistic perspectives. I also want to help clients understand how their body's stress response can impact their mental and physical well-being. I believe therapy works best when we can work collaboratively to tailor the treatment to best fit your needs.
Hello! I'm a licensed psychologist experienced in helping people with adjustment problems, grief work, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, OCD, PTSD, and other psychological problems in individual therapy. I feel creating a supportive, judgment-free environment is key in developing a positive therapeutic relationship and have experience with cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, and humanistic perspectives. I also want to help clients understand how their body's stress response can impact their mental and physical well-being. I believe therapy works best when we can work collaboratively to tailor the treatment to best fit your needs.
(248) 236-1105 View (248) 236-1105
Photo of Amy Santus: Infertility And Pregnancy Loss Counseling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Amy Santus: Infertility And Pregnancy Loss Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW-C, CCM
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
Every individual and couple have a right to their own "reproductive story." Their individualized vision of what their family could look like. Unfortunately, family building does not come easily for every person. Primary, secondary and social infertility as well as pregnancy loss can threaten one's dreams of building their family and lead to reproductive trauma. I am committed to helping others heal from this trauma and in building a new story for their family.
Every individual and couple have a right to their own "reproductive story." Their individualized vision of what their family could look like. Unfortunately, family building does not come easily for every person. Primary, secondary and social infertility as well as pregnancy loss can threaten one's dreams of building their family and lead to reproductive trauma. I am committed to helping others heal from this trauma and in building a new story for their family.
(248) 975-7130 View (248) 975-7130
Photo of Tiffany Ann Murray, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Tiffany Ann Murray
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220  (Online Only)
Feeling lost, alone, maybe intimidated by the changes that this time of uncertainty can bring? Transitions in life can leave us questioning our identities and self concept. I have a specialized focus working with those experiencing the adjustment of family planning, pregnancy, parenthood and loss, each can be isolating bringing about identity shifts, confusion and the mourning of what once was with the adjustment to the new norm. These transitions can also cause stress and strain in our interpersonal relationships.
Feeling lost, alone, maybe intimidated by the changes that this time of uncertainty can bring? Transitions in life can leave us questioning our identities and self concept. I have a specialized focus working with those experiencing the adjustment of family planning, pregnancy, parenthood and loss, each can be isolating bringing about identity shifts, confusion and the mourning of what once was with the adjustment to the new norm. These transitions can also cause stress and strain in our interpersonal relationships.
(248) 469-0692 View (248) 469-0692
Photo of Haley Wuerth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Haley Wuerth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
Kids are often just as clueless as we are, when trying to figure out why they are acting out. Everyone experiences an asverse reaction to life that at times may feel impossible to navigate. These reactions are intensified and more difficult if you are a child without the tools you need to express yourself. Trauma often contributes and deepens the pain we are feeling, and close us off from healthy expression, growth and healing. Many of us struggle with impulse control issues, self-defeating patterns, anxiety, and relationship difficulties. I have extensive work experience with children, adolescents, and individuals with trauma.
Kids are often just as clueless as we are, when trying to figure out why they are acting out. Everyone experiences an asverse reaction to life that at times may feel impossible to navigate. These reactions are intensified and more difficult if you are a child without the tools you need to express yourself. Trauma often contributes and deepens the pain we are feeling, and close us off from healthy expression, growth and healing. Many of us struggle with impulse control issues, self-defeating patterns, anxiety, and relationship difficulties. I have extensive work experience with children, adolescents, and individuals with trauma.
(248) 775-5694 View (248) 775-5694
Photo of Mariena Celene Jones, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Mariena Celene Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Waitlist for new clients
When life feels overwhelming, hard to navigate, or burdensome, therapy can offer a consistent and safe environment of support. I believe in integrating all aspects of the individual into the therapeutic experience to view challenges through a holistic approach. You are a full spectrum person, and by incorporating the body, spirit, and mind in therapy, we can work together to develop an improved quality of life and achieve your goals. As your therapist it is important to me to develop a collaborative and trusting relationship with you, serving as the foundation for growth. I believe in therapy as a support to feel confident and free.
When life feels overwhelming, hard to navigate, or burdensome, therapy can offer a consistent and safe environment of support. I believe in integrating all aspects of the individual into the therapeutic experience to view challenges through a holistic approach. You are a full spectrum person, and by incorporating the body, spirit, and mind in therapy, we can work together to develop an improved quality of life and achieve your goals. As your therapist it is important to me to develop a collaborative and trusting relationship with you, serving as the foundation for growth. I believe in therapy as a support to feel confident and free.
(248) 846-1628 View (248) 846-1628
Photo of America Gasca, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
America Gasca
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Starting therapy can be a little bit frightening, and overwhelming, but I will provide a supportive and nonjudgmental space where you will be able to explore your past experiences, and current conflicts. It is a relief when you figure things out, put feelings into words, understand yourself, and build from your strengths. As a parent you will learn how to communicate with your kids and teens since they do not come with instruction manuals. There are no silly questions when it comes to parenting. I am trained in psychoanalytic psychotherapy, attachment-based, and mindfulness-based psychotherapy.
Starting therapy can be a little bit frightening, and overwhelming, but I will provide a supportive and nonjudgmental space where you will be able to explore your past experiences, and current conflicts. It is a relief when you figure things out, put feelings into words, understand yourself, and build from your strengths. As a parent you will learn how to communicate with your kids and teens since they do not come with instruction manuals. There are no silly questions when it comes to parenting. I am trained in psychoanalytic psychotherapy, attachment-based, and mindfulness-based psychotherapy.
(248) 791-9697 View (248) 791-9697
Photo of Sierra Shapiro, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ferndale, MI
Sierra Shapiro
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
My goal as your therapist is to provide a safe, affirming space where we can work collaboratively to identify current areas in which you are struggling, decrease your negative symptoms, and improve your overall quality of life. Using your individual strengths, needs, and preferences, we will formulate a personalized plan for your therapy experience. I have worked with many adolescents and adults struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma recovery, and challenges specific to members of the LGBTQIA+ community.
My goal as your therapist is to provide a safe, affirming space where we can work collaboratively to identify current areas in which you are struggling, decrease your negative symptoms, and improve your overall quality of life. Using your individual strengths, needs, and preferences, we will formulate a personalized plan for your therapy experience. I have worked with many adolescents and adults struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma recovery, and challenges specific to members of the LGBTQIA+ community.
(248) 397-9161 View (248) 397-9161
Photo of Domonique Anderson, Limited Licensed Psychologist in Ferndale, MI
Domonique Anderson
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, TLLP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
I am about being unapologetically authentic, being the whole YOU and learning who YOU are. In my therapy room, we are exploring the whole being along with all trauma, self-doubt, stress and triggers. I am person centered and collaborative with my clients because they are the true artist of their lives. If you allow the world to create you, then you are never living in your truth. My job is to help the client to live on purpose and with purpose. My techniques work with the mind, body and spirit.
I am about being unapologetically authentic, being the whole YOU and learning who YOU are. In my therapy room, we are exploring the whole being along with all trauma, self-doubt, stress and triggers. I am person centered and collaborative with my clients because they are the true artist of their lives. If you allow the world to create you, then you are never living in your truth. My job is to help the client to live on purpose and with purpose. My techniques work with the mind, body and spirit.
(248) 450-0281 View (248) 450-0281
Photo of Sarah Feeley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Sarah Feeley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
Not accepting new clients
Congratulations on making it this far! You have already taken the first steps to make a change, and I’m proud of you. My intent as your therapist is to provide a nonjudgemental and optimistic safe space. The plan is to work together on identifying and addressing your mental health concerns. I will meet you where you are at in your journey, and build from there. Life can be overwhelmingly difficult, and can sometimes even feel impossible to manage. We will work together to navigate these feelings, increase coping skills, and reduce symptoms utilizing a person-centered, and strengths-based perspective.
Congratulations on making it this far! You have already taken the first steps to make a change, and I’m proud of you. My intent as your therapist is to provide a nonjudgemental and optimistic safe space. The plan is to work together on identifying and addressing your mental health concerns. I will meet you where you are at in your journey, and build from there. Life can be overwhelmingly difficult, and can sometimes even feel impossible to manage. We will work together to navigate these feelings, increase coping skills, and reduce symptoms utilizing a person-centered, and strengths-based perspective.
(248) 617-2924 View (248) 617-2924
Photo of Rachel L. Werthmann, Counselor in Ferndale, MI
Rachel L. Werthmann
Counselor, MA, LLC, ATR-P
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
Not accepting new clients
Hello! My name is Rachel L. Werthmann, MA, LLC, ATR-P. As an art therapist and counselor, I offer art and talk therapy to individuals who are navigating mental, physical, and spiritual health journeys. I have worked with primarily children, teens, and young adults in hospitals, community mental health centers, and now in a not-for-profit group practice. We could be a good fit if you are interested in using the creative process to help work through difficult emotions, life or medical challenges, past trauma, or whatever is uniquely coming up for you in your life.
Hello! My name is Rachel L. Werthmann, MA, LLC, ATR-P. As an art therapist and counselor, I offer art and talk therapy to individuals who are navigating mental, physical, and spiritual health journeys. I have worked with primarily children, teens, and young adults in hospitals, community mental health centers, and now in a not-for-profit group practice. We could be a good fit if you are interested in using the creative process to help work through difficult emotions, life or medical challenges, past trauma, or whatever is uniquely coming up for you in your life.
(248) 629-1406 View (248) 629-1406
Photo of Michelle Dickinson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Michelle Dickinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CAADC
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220  (Online Only)
Just because you wear it well doesn't mean its not heavy. Does your outward smile hide the pain you are feeling inside? Many of my clients have struggled with drugs or alcohol problems and have feelings of shame and hopelessness often trying to hide the issue from others. I've also helped many people who love someone; a spouse, child or parent with an addiction, but who have lost their sense of normalcy in the process. I also have expertise in treating problems like anxiety, depression, relationship problems and trauma/PTSD.
Just because you wear it well doesn't mean its not heavy. Does your outward smile hide the pain you are feeling inside? Many of my clients have struggled with drugs or alcohol problems and have feelings of shame and hopelessness often trying to hide the issue from others. I've also helped many people who love someone; a spouse, child or parent with an addiction, but who have lost their sense of normalcy in the process. I also have expertise in treating problems like anxiety, depression, relationship problems and trauma/PTSD.
(248) 997-4219 View (248) 997-4219
Photo of Theresa Mlinarcik, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Theresa Mlinarcik
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, MA
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220  (Online Only)
I am curious, creative, and sincere in my approach to therapy and goal setting. I have worked with clients with depression, anxiety, identity development, gender identity and sexual orientation, building healthy self-esteem, healthy communication and conflict in relationships, stress management, anger issues, parenting concerns, and other mental health concerns. My background and training originate in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), mindfulness, and prioritizing client self-determination.
I am curious, creative, and sincere in my approach to therapy and goal setting. I have worked with clients with depression, anxiety, identity development, gender identity and sexual orientation, building healthy self-esteem, healthy communication and conflict in relationships, stress management, anger issues, parenting concerns, and other mental health concerns. My background and training originate in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), mindfulness, and prioritizing client self-determination.
(248) 218-9405 View (248) 218-9405
Photo of Restoration U, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ferndale, MI
Restoration U
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
Sometimes you may become overwhelmed due to changes in routine or major events such as a new school, grades, finances, becoming a new parent, losing a loved one, divorce, or conflict in relationships. These life events may lead to anxiety, low self esteem, lack of motivation, and loss of direction. These struggles appear in different ways for each person and lasts for varying amounts of time. However, we can not always recover on our own due to depression, anxiety, past trauma, or other underlying influence. I am a therapist (LPC), here to help you on your journey to healing and becoming your best self.
Sometimes you may become overwhelmed due to changes in routine or major events such as a new school, grades, finances, becoming a new parent, losing a loved one, divorce, or conflict in relationships. These life events may lead to anxiety, low self esteem, lack of motivation, and loss of direction. These struggles appear in different ways for each person and lasts for varying amounts of time. However, we can not always recover on our own due to depression, anxiety, past trauma, or other underlying influence. I am a therapist (LPC), here to help you on your journey to healing and becoming your best self.
(248) 970-1417 View (248) 970-1417
Photo of Teresa M. Turner, Psychologist in Ferndale, MI
Teresa M. Turner
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Opening up to discuss your emotions and difficulties can be an overwhelming feeling. In my office, I pride myself on being trustworthy and emphatic while providing a warm, safe, and accepting environment. As a psychologist, my main objective is to help you make the necessary changes in your life that will allow you to look forward to the future with confidence.
Opening up to discuss your emotions and difficulties can be an overwhelming feeling. In my office, I pride myself on being trustworthy and emphatic while providing a warm, safe, and accepting environment. As a psychologist, my main objective is to help you make the necessary changes in your life that will allow you to look forward to the future with confidence.
(248) 923-4309 View (248) 923-4309
Photo of Nosa Obaseki, Limited Licensed Psychologist in Ferndale, MI
Nosa Obaseki
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, TLLP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Not accepting new clients
Are you dealing with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, relationship issues, work-related stress, or a difficult life transition? Life can be difficult and sometimes you encounter obstacles that are overwhelming, or you feel under-equipped to handle. You may be struggling and feel like you are alone, but I am here to help. I believe that therapy should be a collaborative experience between the client and the therapist. Therapy is a journey of self-discovery, understanding and acceptance. My job as a therapist is to be your guide on this journey, providing you with the tools to help you become the best version of yourself.
Are you dealing with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, relationship issues, work-related stress, or a difficult life transition? Life can be difficult and sometimes you encounter obstacles that are overwhelming, or you feel under-equipped to handle. You may be struggling and feel like you are alone, but I am here to help. I believe that therapy should be a collaborative experience between the client and the therapist. Therapy is a journey of self-discovery, understanding and acceptance. My job as a therapist is to be your guide on this journey, providing you with the tools to help you become the best version of yourself.
(248) 278-0788 View (248) 278-0788
Photo of Evelyn Reilly, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ferndale, MI
Evelyn Reilly
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CAADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220  (Online Only)
Life can be full of ups and downs – we all experience times where life feels more challenging, whether it’s due to depression, anxiety, grief and loss, trauma, or other stressful changes. Counseling can be a helpful way to talk through and learn new strategies for coping with these challenges with the nonjudgmental support of a therapist.
Life can be full of ups and downs – we all experience times where life feels more challenging, whether it’s due to depression, anxiety, grief and loss, trauma, or other stressful changes. Counseling can be a helpful way to talk through and learn new strategies for coping with these challenges with the nonjudgmental support of a therapist.
(248) 422-0564 View (248) 422-0564
Photo of Ryan R Harms, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Ryan R Harms
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
I am a clinical social worker and psychotherapist with over a decade of professional experience in various social work roles. I have provided psychotherapy to individuals with a range of concerns, including depression, anxiety, adjustment difficulties, complex trauma, and relationship issues. While my focus has mainly been on working with adult individuals, I also have experience and training in working with adolescents.
I am a clinical social worker and psychotherapist with over a decade of professional experience in various social work roles. I have provided psychotherapy to individuals with a range of concerns, including depression, anxiety, adjustment difficulties, complex trauma, and relationship issues. While my focus has mainly been on working with adult individuals, I also have experience and training in working with adolescents.
(248) 243-8104 View (248) 243-8104
Photo of Madeline Spencer, Pre-Licensed Professional in Ferndale, MI
Madeline Spencer
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Are you feeling overwhelmed in your daily life? Therapy can help put those thoughts and feelings at ease. I help individuals explore their emotions, learn to communicate them, and how to regulate them effectively. The ideal client is looking to gain clarity about their symptoms and feelings. Our time together will be intentional and beneficial. I work with all adults and adolescents, but especially love working with adolescents (12-18), parents, and anyone in the prenatal and postpartum realm. I primarily work with clients that need support with anxiety, depression, life transitions, parenting, and prenatal/postpartum concerns.
Are you feeling overwhelmed in your daily life? Therapy can help put those thoughts and feelings at ease. I help individuals explore their emotions, learn to communicate them, and how to regulate them effectively. The ideal client is looking to gain clarity about their symptoms and feelings. Our time together will be intentional and beneficial. I work with all adults and adolescents, but especially love working with adolescents (12-18), parents, and anyone in the prenatal and postpartum realm. I primarily work with clients that need support with anxiety, depression, life transitions, parenting, and prenatal/postpartum concerns.
(248) 983-0044 View (248) 983-0044

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Ferndale, MI

300+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Ferndale, MI who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
91% Depression
84% Self Esteem
80% Relationship Issues
77% Trauma and PTSD
77% Stress
72% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

94% BlueCross and BlueShield
62% Aetna
62% Blue Care Network

How Therapists in Ferndale, MI see their clients

66% In Person and Online
34% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
17% Male
5% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Ferndale?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.