Photo of Veronica Rothney, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Veronica Rothney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002  (Online Only)
Hello and thanks for visiting my page! It can be hard to ask for help so I'm glad that you're here. Life is unpredictable and can be filled with hardship. It can lead to depression, anxiety or feeling overwhelmed. It's normal to need more support during difficult times. It can be even more helpful talking with a professional who is there to help you live the life you want. I use compassion to create a safe and welcoming environment. I feel it's an honor to work with each of my clients. I currently provide therapy via secure telehealth platform in the evenings so you can have therapy from the comfort and convenience of your home.
Hello and thanks for visiting my page! It can be hard to ask for help so I'm glad that you're here. Life is unpredictable and can be filled with hardship. It can lead to depression, anxiety or feeling overwhelmed. It's normal to need more support during difficult times. It can be even more helpful talking with a professional who is there to help you live the life you want. I use compassion to create a safe and welcoming environment. I feel it's an honor to work with each of my clients. I currently provide therapy via secure telehealth platform in the evenings so you can have therapy from the comfort and convenience of your home.
(269) 371-5679 View (269) 371-5679
Photo of Erik Wittrup, PhDC, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erik Wittrup
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhDC, LMSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49002
Navigating through life can be difficult at times. As a therapist, it is important to me that you are supported. After 15 years in the field of social work, I am a firm believer in working together as a team in therapy. My objective is to provide a safe and nonjudgmental environment for us to talk about your hopes, concerns, and goals. I hope to meet you where you are currently and help you to remove barriers from reaching your goals.
Navigating through life can be difficult at times. As a therapist, it is important to me that you are supported. After 15 years in the field of social work, I am a firm believer in working together as a team in therapy. My objective is to provide a safe and nonjudgmental environment for us to talk about your hopes, concerns, and goals. I hope to meet you where you are currently and help you to remove barriers from reaching your goals.
(269) 218-6157 View (269) 218-6157
Photo of Autumn Karwowski, MA, LLC, Counselor
Autumn Karwowski
Counselor, MA, LLC
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002
My practice is dedicated to providing a safe, non-judgmental environment for all clients. I believe in the importance of a strong therapeutic relationship and working collaboratively with clients to empower them on their journey toward healing and self-discovery. My own mental health journey began many years ago as a client, which instilled in me a deep respect and appreciation for the healing process. I earned a Master of Arts in Counseling from Spring Arbor University and Bachelors Degree at Oral Roberts University.
My practice is dedicated to providing a safe, non-judgmental environment for all clients. I believe in the importance of a strong therapeutic relationship and working collaboratively with clients to empower them on their journey toward healing and self-discovery. My own mental health journey began many years ago as a client, which instilled in me a deep respect and appreciation for the healing process. I earned a Master of Arts in Counseling from Spring Arbor University and Bachelors Degree at Oral Roberts University.
(269) 230-2993 View (269) 230-2993
Photo of Dr. Thomas L Alexander, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Thomas L Alexander
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002  (Online Only)
I understand that seeking therapy can feel daunting, especially when grappling with depression, anxiety, trauma, or relationship issues. With 10 years of experience as a therapist and an additional five years as a case manager, I've guided many individuals and couples through their unique challenges. Whether you're dealing with identity issues, work-related stress, or crises of confidence, I'm here to help you navigate these complexities with empathy and understanding.
I understand that seeking therapy can feel daunting, especially when grappling with depression, anxiety, trauma, or relationship issues. With 10 years of experience as a therapist and an additional five years as a case manager, I've guided many individuals and couples through their unique challenges. Whether you're dealing with identity issues, work-related stress, or crises of confidence, I'm here to help you navigate these complexities with empathy and understanding.
(269) 743-2996 View (269) 743-2996
Photo of Christin Colon, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Christin Colon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002
Christin Colon is a Limited Licensed Master Social Worker in Michigan who has been practicing since 2021. She was EMDR trained by the Morsey Institute. Christin works on neutralizing trauma with EMDR. She can help people learn new ways of coping and thinking to help reduce levels of depression and anxiety with CBT, Mindfulness, Motivational Interviewing, etc. Sometimes people just need help making and achieving personal goals and Christin can help with that too. Additionally, she can help people work on their communication skills to help enrich their life.
Christin Colon is a Limited Licensed Master Social Worker in Michigan who has been practicing since 2021. She was EMDR trained by the Morsey Institute. Christin works on neutralizing trauma with EMDR. She can help people learn new ways of coping and thinking to help reduce levels of depression and anxiety with CBT, Mindfulness, Motivational Interviewing, etc. Sometimes people just need help making and achieving personal goals and Christin can help with that too. Additionally, she can help people work on their communication skills to help enrich their life.
(269) 340-3025 View (269) 340-3025
Photo of Kristin Moriarty Fiore, LLMSW, TCTSY-F, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kristin Moriarty Fiore
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW, TCTSY-F
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49002
My work with adults and teens focuses on integrating the body and mind to help you reconnect with yourself, address symptoms and behavioral patterns, and make positive changes in your life. My office creates a beautiful, accepting environment where you can safely explore what arises as we work through the therapy process together.
My work with adults and teens focuses on integrating the body and mind to help you reconnect with yourself, address symptoms and behavioral patterns, and make positive changes in your life. My office creates a beautiful, accepting environment where you can safely explore what arises as we work through the therapy process together.
(269) 371-5293 View (269) 371-5293
Photo of Kari Wildner, LCSW, APHSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kari Wildner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, APHSW-C
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49002  (Online Only)
I believe we all deserve to feel heard and to experience authentic connection with someone. My goal is to create a therapeutic relationship where you feel empowered and motivated to create positive change in your life. Sometimes we get stuck in patterns and need help to get back in touch with the most important relationship---the one we have with ourselves. This takes trust, support, time and accountability. My role as a therapist is as both a guide and as a witness, helping you to explore and overcome barriers to living fully by drawing upon your own strengths.
I believe we all deserve to feel heard and to experience authentic connection with someone. My goal is to create a therapeutic relationship where you feel empowered and motivated to create positive change in your life. Sometimes we get stuck in patterns and need help to get back in touch with the most important relationship---the one we have with ourselves. This takes trust, support, time and accountability. My role as a therapist is as both a guide and as a witness, helping you to explore and overcome barriers to living fully by drawing upon your own strengths.
(269) 249-7179 View (269) 249-7179
Photo of Rebecca Ward, LLMSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rebecca Ward
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002  (Online Only)
Therapy saved my life. After experiencing years of interpersonal relationship abuse and a lifetime of religious trauma, therapy helped pull me from an incredibly dark place and give my life purpose and direction again. In 2019 I decided to pursue a master’s in social work so that I could help others experience hope, maybe for the first time. If you are struggling with the feelings of hopelessness and loss after leaving your religion, estrangement from your family of origin, or having difficulty navigating normal daily life after experiencing trauma, I want to help. I help those with PTSD as well as members of the LGBTQIA+ community.
Therapy saved my life. After experiencing years of interpersonal relationship abuse and a lifetime of religious trauma, therapy helped pull me from an incredibly dark place and give my life purpose and direction again. In 2019 I decided to pursue a master’s in social work so that I could help others experience hope, maybe for the first time. If you are struggling with the feelings of hopelessness and loss after leaving your religion, estrangement from your family of origin, or having difficulty navigating normal daily life after experiencing trauma, I want to help. I help those with PTSD as well as members of the LGBTQIA+ community.
(269) 895-5406 View (269) 895-5406
Photo of Shaly Penrod, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Shaly Penrod
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002
Shaly Penrod is a Limited Licensed Master Social Worker in Michigan who has been practicing since 2022. Being content, comfortable, and at peace with oneself is something many, if not all, wish to feel and experience. As a therapist that has walked alongside the journeys of individuals from diverse walks of life, Shaly seeks to empower individuals to be curious about oneself in order to live a life that brings you closer to understanding your past and fears of the future in order to live a present self-life. For many years Shaly has worked with diverse populations, spanning many different cultures and ethnicities.
Shaly Penrod is a Limited Licensed Master Social Worker in Michigan who has been practicing since 2022. Being content, comfortable, and at peace with oneself is something many, if not all, wish to feel and experience. As a therapist that has walked alongside the journeys of individuals from diverse walks of life, Shaly seeks to empower individuals to be curious about oneself in order to live a life that brings you closer to understanding your past and fears of the future in order to live a present self-life. For many years Shaly has worked with diverse populations, spanning many different cultures and ethnicities.
(269) 442-1530 View (269) 442-1530
Photo of Cassie Watts, LLPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Cassie Watts
Licensed Professional Counselor, LLPC
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002
Cassie Watts is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in the state of Michigan. She has a passion for helping teens, adults, and seniors to navigate the complications that arise from depression, grief, parenting, self-esteem difficulties, and life transitional issues.
Cassie Watts is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in the state of Michigan. She has a passion for helping teens, adults, and seniors to navigate the complications that arise from depression, grief, parenting, self-esteem difficulties, and life transitional issues.
(269) 291-0982 View (269) 291-0982
Photo of Haili Gabris, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Haili Gabris
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002
Haili Gabris is a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 6 years of professional experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. She specializes in the treatment of anxiety disorders, including social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, health anxiety, selective mutism, and phobias. She has also worked with depression and trauma, which often presents themselves with other disorders. Haili graduated from Western Michigan University, earning her Master's degree in Counseling Psychology.
Haili Gabris is a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 6 years of professional experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. She specializes in the treatment of anxiety disorders, including social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, health anxiety, selective mutism, and phobias. She has also worked with depression and trauma, which often presents themselves with other disorders. Haili graduated from Western Michigan University, earning her Master's degree in Counseling Psychology.
(269) 371-7013 View (269) 371-7013
Photo of Ashley Huffman, LMSW-C, CAADC, C-DBT, CMIP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ashley Huffman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW-C, CAADC, C-DBT, CMIP
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002
Life is not easy; we often need support and someone to listen to our fears, hopes, and dreams. We sometimes need a nudge in a certain direction we can't see clearly. I can help provide that nudge with whatever you are struggling with and provide insight on how to get there. I work with a variety of ages from age 3+.
Life is not easy; we often need support and someone to listen to our fears, hopes, and dreams. We sometimes need a nudge in a certain direction we can't see clearly. I can help provide that nudge with whatever you are struggling with and provide insight on how to get there. I work with a variety of ages from age 3+.
(269) 466-1764 View (269) 466-1764
Photo of Heather N Lettow - Heather Lettow DBA Trestlewood Counseling Group, MA, LPC, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Heather Lettow DBA Trestlewood Counseling Group
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49002
Not accepting new clients
Feeling overwhelmed? Lost? "Out-of-Wack?" In a "funk?" Tired of feeling "blah?" Let's work together to take back control over your life. My goal is to help clients meet their personal & emotional goals & find successes in other areas of their life. I provide counseling with individuals (of all ages), couples & families with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, grief, stress management & relationship issues. I want to help you be able to take the skills you learn, your healed parts & the strength that you find within yourself & use them in all areas of your life.
Feeling overwhelmed? Lost? "Out-of-Wack?" In a "funk?" Tired of feeling "blah?" Let's work together to take back control over your life. My goal is to help clients meet their personal & emotional goals & find successes in other areas of their life. I provide counseling with individuals (of all ages), couples & families with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, grief, stress management & relationship issues. I want to help you be able to take the skills you learn, your healed parts & the strength that you find within yourself & use them in all areas of your life.
(269) 601-7214 x1 View (269) 601-7214 x1
Photo of Sarah Hayes, MA, LPC, PMH-C, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sarah Hayes
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002
Do you constantly feel worried, irritated, exhausted, or like you’ve lost yourself a bit? Maybe you are struggling with a difficult pregnancy, or with raising little ones? Perhaps you’re just feeling overwhelmed in general, doing all you can to get by each day. Certain seasons of life can be hard! I promise you don’t have to go through it alone. Your mental health matters, and you deserve a space where you feel safe, heard, and supported. While working together we can talk about life changes, coping with stress, improving your relationships, reconnecting with yourself, processing past trauma - whatever matters most to you!
Do you constantly feel worried, irritated, exhausted, or like you’ve lost yourself a bit? Maybe you are struggling with a difficult pregnancy, or with raising little ones? Perhaps you’re just feeling overwhelmed in general, doing all you can to get by each day. Certain seasons of life can be hard! I promise you don’t have to go through it alone. Your mental health matters, and you deserve a space where you feel safe, heard, and supported. While working together we can talk about life changes, coping with stress, improving your relationships, reconnecting with yourself, processing past trauma - whatever matters most to you!
(269) 215-2775 View (269) 215-2775
Photo of Kristy Fujiura, PsyD, LP, PSYPACT, Psychologist
Kristy Fujiura
Psychologist, PsyD, LP, PSYPACT
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002  (Online Only)
I am a licensed psychologist located in Michigan, and providing telehealth to clients in multiple states. Many of my clients come in to address stress, anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, life transitions, and cross-cultural identity and adjustment. Although I enjoy working with many different types of people, I am particularly passionate about caring for adult Third Culture Kids (TCKs) and people navigating the challenges of serving in Christian ministry, in the US or internationally.
I am a licensed psychologist located in Michigan, and providing telehealth to clients in multiple states. Many of my clients come in to address stress, anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, life transitions, and cross-cultural identity and adjustment. Although I enjoy working with many different types of people, I am particularly passionate about caring for adult Third Culture Kids (TCKs) and people navigating the challenges of serving in Christian ministry, in the US or internationally.
(269) 682-1065 View (269) 682-1065
Photo of Nicole Pominville, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Nicole Pominville
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49002
Waitlist for new clients
Counseling is a sensitive process that can help individuals to gain insight, and a deeper understanding of their life, as well as achieve their personal goals. I have always had an interest in working with children and believe that despite their small size, their lives may be filled with big emotions that can be tough to handle. In working with children I believe it’s important to connect with them on their level, meeting them where they are and using their language of play to guide growth and healing.
Counseling is a sensitive process that can help individuals to gain insight, and a deeper understanding of their life, as well as achieve their personal goals. I have always had an interest in working with children and believe that despite their small size, their lives may be filled with big emotions that can be tough to handle. In working with children I believe it’s important to connect with them on their level, meeting them where they are and using their language of play to guide growth and healing.
(269) 390-4005 View (269) 390-4005
Photo of Jessica Mayer, LPC, CAADC, Counselor
Jessica Mayer
Counselor, LPC, CAADC
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002
Jessica Mayer (She/Her) is a licensed professional counselor with over 12 years of experience providing therapy to individuals, children, adolescents and families. Jessica’s areas of expertise include anxiety, depression, trauma, self harm, relationship issues and life transitions. Jessica is committed to creating a warm, supportive, and non-judgmental environment where her clients feel safe to explore their thoughts and emotions. She believes that therapy is a collaborative process and works together with her clients to develop personalized treatment plans that address their unique needs and concerns.
Jessica Mayer (She/Her) is a licensed professional counselor with over 12 years of experience providing therapy to individuals, children, adolescents and families. Jessica’s areas of expertise include anxiety, depression, trauma, self harm, relationship issues and life transitions. Jessica is committed to creating a warm, supportive, and non-judgmental environment where her clients feel safe to explore their thoughts and emotions. She believes that therapy is a collaborative process and works together with her clients to develop personalized treatment plans that address their unique needs and concerns.
(269) 301-6290 View (269) 301-6290
Photo of Starr Bull, LPC, LLMFT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Starr Bull
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LLMFT
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002
Starr Bull graduated from Western Michigan University with a Master's in Couples, Marriage, and Family Therapy. She is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) and a Limited Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LLMFT). She has worked with many diverse clients including men, women, couples, and families in various settings. Her specialties include, but are not limited to, working with people in recovery, with relationship issues, pre-marital, anxiety, and depression.
Starr Bull graduated from Western Michigan University with a Master's in Couples, Marriage, and Family Therapy. She is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) and a Limited Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LLMFT). She has worked with many diverse clients including men, women, couples, and families in various settings. Her specialties include, but are not limited to, working with people in recovery, with relationship issues, pre-marital, anxiety, and depression.
(339) 218-3090 View (339) 218-3090
Photo of Rachel Mills, MA, LPC, PMH-C, Counselor
Rachel Mills
Counselor, MA, LPC, PMH-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49002
Waitlist for new clients
Maybe you're experiencing prenatal anxiety or postpartum depression and aren't sure how to break the cycle. Maybe you want to recover from past trauma and grief with infertility, loss, birth trauma, or medical parenting and don't know where to begin. Maybe you just want to feel like yourself again since becoming a mom. No matter what challenges you face as you try to begin, grow, or support your family, I will provide a safe space for you to overcome them. I will be there to support you every step of the way as you find healing, hope, and wholeness.
Maybe you're experiencing prenatal anxiety or postpartum depression and aren't sure how to break the cycle. Maybe you want to recover from past trauma and grief with infertility, loss, birth trauma, or medical parenting and don't know where to begin. Maybe you just want to feel like yourself again since becoming a mom. No matter what challenges you face as you try to begin, grow, or support your family, I will provide a safe space for you to overcome them. I will be there to support you every step of the way as you find healing, hope, and wholeness.
(269) 399-3293 View (269) 399-3293
Photo of Julie Carbajal, MA, LLP, LPC, NCC, CAADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Julie Carbajal
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LLP, LPC, NCC, CAADC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49002
Most of my clients come to me with anxiety, obsessive compulsive, or trauma disorders. They find their worlds shrinking as a result and aren't sure how to break the cycle. For clients with anxiety and trauma disorders, I use exposure therapy to break cycles of fear, anxiety, and avoidance. I also see clients troubled by marginalization due to identity, relationship struggles, substance use, and psychotic disorders, and they too deal with pain that gets in the way of what's important in their lives. They often feel trapped or stuck and want to find a way through the barriers keeping them from meaning and purpose in their lives.
Most of my clients come to me with anxiety, obsessive compulsive, or trauma disorders. They find their worlds shrinking as a result and aren't sure how to break the cycle. For clients with anxiety and trauma disorders, I use exposure therapy to break cycles of fear, anxiety, and avoidance. I also see clients troubled by marginalization due to identity, relationship struggles, substance use, and psychotic disorders, and they too deal with pain that gets in the way of what's important in their lives. They often feel trapped or stuck and want to find a way through the barriers keeping them from meaning and purpose in their lives.
(269) 366-4595 View (269) 366-4595

See more therapy options for 49002

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 49002

100+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in 49002 who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
91% Depression
80% Trauma and PTSD
78% Relationship Issues
76% Coping Skills
72% Self Esteem
70% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

94% BlueCross and BlueShield
68% Priority Health
67% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 49002 see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

86% Female
13% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 49002?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.