Addiction Therapists in 46032

Photo of Chasity Montalvo, Counselor in 46032, IN
Chasity Montalvo
Counselor, LCAC
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
20+ years clinical addiction work, individual, and family sessions.
Are you struggling in your relationship? Are you seeking a deeper connection or longing to reconnnect? I am here to help you get back on track! I am experienced in helping individuals and families struggling with addiction, substance abuse, individual and family therapy to a fresh start. I've worked with families experiencing anger, battery, sexual victims to name a few. We as a team can achieve goals.
20+ years clinical addiction work, individual, and family sessions.
Are you struggling in your relationship? Are you seeking a deeper connection or longing to reconnnect? I am here to help you get back on track! I am experienced in helping individuals and families struggling with addiction, substance abuse, individual and family therapy to a fresh start. I've worked with families experiencing anger, battery, sexual victims to name a few. We as a team can achieve goals.
(463) 223-2635 View (463) 223-2635
Photo of David Leap, Counselor in 46032, IN
David Leap
Counselor, LMHC, LCAC, MA, EMDR
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Carmel, IN 46032
Waitlist for new clients
Sometimes we get stuck and feel trapped by our experiences related to substance use, addictive thinking, trauma, anxiety, depression and other addictive or high risk behaviors. If this sounds like you, I would like to help you manage these experiences and empower you to break through the challenges associated with your personal experience. I would like the opportunity to help you build up and enhance your strengths, minimize and plan for your limitations, and give you hope and opportunities to make the changes you desire.
Sometimes we get stuck and feel trapped by our experiences related to substance use, addictive thinking, trauma, anxiety, depression and other addictive or high risk behaviors. If this sounds like you, I would like to help you manage these experiences and empower you to break through the challenges associated with your personal experience. I would like the opportunity to help you build up and enhance your strengths, minimize and plan for your limitations, and give you hope and opportunities to make the changes you desire.
(317) 434-1896 View (317) 434-1896
Photo of Bradford McClarnon, Marriage & Family Therapist in 46032, IN
Bradford McClarnon
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, EdS, LMFT, LMHC, MAC
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
As a counselor and consultant for over 20 years, I have had the privilege to work with a variety of clients in diverse settings. My licenses and certifications also reflect a diverse background and experience as a Master Addictions Counselor (MAC), Family and Marriage Therapist (LMFT), Mental Health Counselor (LMHC), Master Career Counselor (NCCC, MCC) and Employee Assistance Consultant (CEAP). The primary focus of my experience has been in family, marriage, career and substance abuse counseling. In general, I use an eclectic approach to counseling but tend to emphasize cognitive-behavioral and solution focus.
As a counselor and consultant for over 20 years, I have had the privilege to work with a variety of clients in diverse settings. My licenses and certifications also reflect a diverse background and experience as a Master Addictions Counselor (MAC), Family and Marriage Therapist (LMFT), Mental Health Counselor (LMHC), Master Career Counselor (NCCC, MCC) and Employee Assistance Consultant (CEAP). The primary focus of my experience has been in family, marriage, career and substance abuse counseling. In general, I use an eclectic approach to counseling but tend to emphasize cognitive-behavioral and solution focus.
(317) 891-5842 View (317) 891-5842
Photo of Melanie Short, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 46032, IN
Melanie Short
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Carmel, IN 46032
I am trained in EMDR, which is effective for targeting traumatic life events, addiction, grief, depression, anxiety, and other disturbing situations.
Would you like to thrive in your life, rather than just do your best to survive? I believe that most people routinely tolerate high levels of stress and begin to feel hopeless for far too long before they reach out for support. You could struggle from a change in sleep patterns, feeling overwhelmed, increased anxiety, fighting with family and friends, irritability most days, and feeling disconnected or unhappy with your life. In fact, many people try to survive life this way. I believe that even one of these symptoms is enough reason to seek support.
I am trained in EMDR, which is effective for targeting traumatic life events, addiction, grief, depression, anxiety, and other disturbing situations.
Would you like to thrive in your life, rather than just do your best to survive? I believe that most people routinely tolerate high levels of stress and begin to feel hopeless for far too long before they reach out for support. You could struggle from a change in sleep patterns, feeling overwhelmed, increased anxiety, fighting with family and friends, irritability most days, and feeling disconnected or unhappy with your life. In fact, many people try to survive life this way. I believe that even one of these symptoms is enough reason to seek support.
(317) 836-5146 View (317) 836-5146
Photo of Ashley R De Prez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 46032, IN
Ashley R De Prez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, CAC
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
Are you feeling stuck in overcoming a relationship or personal struggle that is holding you back from the life you desire? Are you ready for a change but not sure how to get there? Wanting to address relationship issues, family of origin issues, feelings of anxiety, depression and/or face your addictions? I have advanced training in Trauma, EMDR, Gestalt , Imago, Emotionally Focused Couples Training, and addictions. I include Mindfulness tools in much of my work. Would you benefit from a group of women to address underlying issues that impact your recovery from an addiction/alcoholism?
Are you feeling stuck in overcoming a relationship or personal struggle that is holding you back from the life you desire? Are you ready for a change but not sure how to get there? Wanting to address relationship issues, family of origin issues, feelings of anxiety, depression and/or face your addictions? I have advanced training in Trauma, EMDR, Gestalt , Imago, Emotionally Focused Couples Training, and addictions. I include Mindfulness tools in much of my work. Would you benefit from a group of women to address underlying issues that impact your recovery from an addiction/alcoholism?
(317) 699-7474 View (317) 699-7474
Photo of Kate Fisch, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 46032, IN
Kate Fisch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Carmel, IN 46032
Northside is a group practice dedicated to creating a space where you can confront life's challenges head on; challenges that are holding you back from living your best life. We specialize in the treatment of eating disorders, substance abuse, mood disorders, trauma, and more. Our providers work with all ages, families, and couples.
Northside is a group practice dedicated to creating a space where you can confront life's challenges head on; challenges that are holding you back from living your best life. We specialize in the treatment of eating disorders, substance abuse, mood disorders, trauma, and more. Our providers work with all ages, families, and couples.
(317) 561-6904 View (317) 561-6904
Photo of Alice McDermott, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 46032, IN
Alice McDermott
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LCAC
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
I have been told many times that I am easy to talk to. I look forward to working with individuals, families as well as children and adolescents to address a multitude of issues. Confronting negative patterns and building on strengths brings change as we work through contributing issues. Substance Abuse assessment and treatment also available. I have formed many relationships with court, county, legal and medical professionals to offer the best collaboration of care.
I have been told many times that I am easy to talk to. I look forward to working with individuals, families as well as children and adolescents to address a multitude of issues. Confronting negative patterns and building on strengths brings change as we work through contributing issues. Substance Abuse assessment and treatment also available. I have formed many relationships with court, county, legal and medical professionals to offer the best collaboration of care.
(317) 474-6723 View (317) 474-6723
Photo of Sandra J. Conner, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in 46032, IN
Sandra J. Conner
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA, LCAC, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carmel, IN 46032
Licensed Clinical Addiction Counselor, Certified Clinical Trauma Professional, EMDR trained. I am a highly skilled, compassionate addiction and trauma therapist with over 20 years experience. I am dedicated to helping people heal and recover from psychological trauma and addiction. I use evidence based techniques to process traumatic experiences, manage distressing symptoms and foster resilience. I create a safe environment where we can openly discuss addiction, triggers and underlying issues. I have had the privilege of seeing the lives of countless individuals transformed.
Licensed Clinical Addiction Counselor, Certified Clinical Trauma Professional, EMDR trained. I am a highly skilled, compassionate addiction and trauma therapist with over 20 years experience. I am dedicated to helping people heal and recover from psychological trauma and addiction. I use evidence based techniques to process traumatic experiences, manage distressing symptoms and foster resilience. I create a safe environment where we can openly discuss addiction, triggers and underlying issues. I have had the privilege of seeing the lives of countless individuals transformed.
(317) 218-7785 View (317) 218-7785
Photo of Polizzi Addiction Services, Counselor in 46032, IN
Polizzi Addiction Services
Counselor, PhD, MA, LCAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carmel, IN 46032
Dealing with addiction can be an overwhelming experience that is filled with starts and stops and can often leave you hopeless and uncertain about the future. In many ways, addiction is like a bad relationship; the longer you remain in it, the worse it gets. Change is possible, but you do not need to go it alone. I will provide a therapeutic space that will meet you where you are and help you to discover the possibility of a better future.
Dealing with addiction can be an overwhelming experience that is filled with starts and stops and can often leave you hopeless and uncertain about the future. In many ways, addiction is like a bad relationship; the longer you remain in it, the worse it gets. Change is possible, but you do not need to go it alone. I will provide a therapeutic space that will meet you where you are and help you to discover the possibility of a better future.
(317) 868-1327 View (317) 868-1327
Photo of Evan Davies, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 46032, IN
Evan Davies
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carmel, IN 46032
Hello! I'm Evan Davies, I specialize working with substance use, anxiety, depression, and trauma. Alongside my specialties I have a knack for helping people that go to therapy feeling ambivalent as to what they're looking for, what they're struggling with or how to describe it. I want everyone to know that they're welcomed. Finding a therapist that you feel is a good fit and just therapy in of itself can be difficult. Being aware of that helps me strive to meet people where they're at, modify my approach accordingly and help with any barriers during the onboarding process.
Hello! I'm Evan Davies, I specialize working with substance use, anxiety, depression, and trauma. Alongside my specialties I have a knack for helping people that go to therapy feeling ambivalent as to what they're looking for, what they're struggling with or how to describe it. I want everyone to know that they're welcomed. Finding a therapist that you feel is a good fit and just therapy in of itself can be difficult. Being aware of that helps me strive to meet people where they're at, modify my approach accordingly and help with any barriers during the onboarding process.
(317) 922-1821 View (317) 922-1821
Photo of Stephanie Kaylor, Counselor in 46032, IN
Stephanie Kaylor
Counselor, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Carmel, IN 46032
I specialize in child & adolescent counseling, defiant behaviors, academic skills and substance use issues.
I work with children, teens and young adults struggling with a variety of mental health issues. I have extensive experience working with anxiety, depression, substance use, self-esteem, family discord, academic issues, suicidal ideation, and more. I recognize that each person comes to counseling for their own unique reason and need. I aim to meet you where you're at and work through things with you every step of the way so you can reach the goal of becoming a healthier person both inside and out.
I specialize in child & adolescent counseling, defiant behaviors, academic skills and substance use issues.
I work with children, teens and young adults struggling with a variety of mental health issues. I have extensive experience working with anxiety, depression, substance use, self-esteem, family discord, academic issues, suicidal ideation, and more. I recognize that each person comes to counseling for their own unique reason and need. I aim to meet you where you're at and work through things with you every step of the way so you can reach the goal of becoming a healthier person both inside and out.
(317) 593-8485 View (317) 593-8485
Photo of Kandice Morales, Marriage & Family Therapist in 46032, IN
Kandice Morales
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
If you or any one you know is struggling with their relationships, addiction, or other stressors please reach out for support.
The clients that I see are struggling with how to get and give the love they want and need. Most clients that I work with have a deep desire to feel heard and understood in their intimate relationships. Some clients become lost and struggle with anxiety and depression when feelings of shame, guilt and abandonment come into play. They need someone to help them understand their pain and walk with them as they transform their lives.
If you or any one you know is struggling with their relationships, addiction, or other stressors please reach out for support.
The clients that I see are struggling with how to get and give the love they want and need. Most clients that I work with have a deep desire to feel heard and understood in their intimate relationships. Some clients become lost and struggle with anxiety and depression when feelings of shame, guilt and abandonment come into play. They need someone to help them understand their pain and walk with them as they transform their lives.
(317) 731-2672 View (317) 731-2672
Photo of Chasity Montalvo, Counselor in 46032, IN
Chasity Montalvo
Counselor, MA, LCAC, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
Are you struggling in your relationship? Are you experiencing hopelessness? I specialize in getting couples back on track. I specialize in helping individuals and families. I can assist with those experiencing anger, sexual abuse, depression, anxiety, domestic violence, relationship issues, addictions and more. We as a team can achieve goals. I have 20+ years clinical addiction work, individual, and family sessions. I am a Bilingual speaking therapist-English and Spanish. I am here to help you experience deeper connection and communication.
Are you struggling in your relationship? Are you experiencing hopelessness? I specialize in getting couples back on track. I specialize in helping individuals and families. I can assist with those experiencing anger, sexual abuse, depression, anxiety, domestic violence, relationship issues, addictions and more. We as a team can achieve goals. I have 20+ years clinical addiction work, individual, and family sessions. I am a Bilingual speaking therapist-English and Spanish. I am here to help you experience deeper connection and communication.
(765) 540-9835 View (765) 540-9835
Photo of Lindsey Goergen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 46032, IN
Lindsey Goergen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MS, LMHCA, NCC
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
While I specialize in helping those affected by addiction, I also work with other challenges such as co-dependency, personality disorders and survivors of narcissistic abuse, depression/anxiety, bi-polar, grief, life transitions, parenting challenges, work/ career stress, & family enmeshment.
Hi, I'm Lindsey! Is there someone in your life (spouse/significant other, parent, sibling, friend, co-worker, neighbor) whose behavior has you questioning your own reality & sanity? Do you live, or have lived, with someone who is addicted to alcohol, drugs, sex, porn, food, video games, shopping etc? Or someone whom you suspect may have a personality disorder? Do you find yourself walking on eggshells around them? Are you having trouble recalling a time when life seemed "normal"? Do your friends & family mean well but don't understand how best to help and support you?
While I specialize in helping those affected by addiction, I also work with other challenges such as co-dependency, personality disorders and survivors of narcissistic abuse, depression/anxiety, bi-polar, grief, life transitions, parenting challenges, work/ career stress, & family enmeshment.
Hi, I'm Lindsey! Is there someone in your life (spouse/significant other, parent, sibling, friend, co-worker, neighbor) whose behavior has you questioning your own reality & sanity? Do you live, or have lived, with someone who is addicted to alcohol, drugs, sex, porn, food, video games, shopping etc? Or someone whom you suspect may have a personality disorder? Do you find yourself walking on eggshells around them? Are you having trouble recalling a time when life seemed "normal"? Do your friends & family mean well but don't understand how best to help and support you?
(317) 961-8249 View (317) 961-8249
Photo of Jason Lynch, Counselor in 46032, IN
Jason Lynch
Counselor, MS, LMHC, LCAC, ADS
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
I treat individuals and couples with anxiety, depression, trauma/PTSD, addiction, chronic relapse, anger, low self-esteem, co-dependency, unhealthy sexual behaviors, grief and loss, infidelity, poor communication, loss of intimacy, and loss of trust.
Are you feeling “stressed out” and overwhelmed, or concerned that your relationship may be on “life support”? Are you struggling to overcome a history of physical, emotional, or sexual trauma? Have alcohol and/or drugs become a means of coping with anxiety, depression, grief, or the stressors of daily life? Or, are you a man struggling with an addiction to sex or pornography? If you answered “yes” to any of these questions, then you have made the right choice by being here. I know this is difficult. You’ve likely been debating seeking help for months if not years.
I treat individuals and couples with anxiety, depression, trauma/PTSD, addiction, chronic relapse, anger, low self-esteem, co-dependency, unhealthy sexual behaviors, grief and loss, infidelity, poor communication, loss of intimacy, and loss of trust.
Are you feeling “stressed out” and overwhelmed, or concerned that your relationship may be on “life support”? Are you struggling to overcome a history of physical, emotional, or sexual trauma? Have alcohol and/or drugs become a means of coping with anxiety, depression, grief, or the stressors of daily life? Or, are you a man struggling with an addiction to sex or pornography? If you answered “yes” to any of these questions, then you have made the right choice by being here. I know this is difficult. You’ve likely been debating seeking help for months if not years.
(317) 922-0303 View (317) 922-0303
Photo of Chase Jennette, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 46032, IN
Chase Jennette
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032  (Online Only)
Why should you choose me? I bring over 9+ years of experience in helping patients overcome depression, trauma, anxiety, anger issues, substance abuse, etc.
I see clients from all walks of life dealing with many different struggles and issues. I find most people are often just trying to manage the stresses of everyday life, overcome negative habits, or find closure and peace with past trauma. Often they just want to find new and better ways to cope or be able to change how they think and feel.
Why should you choose me? I bring over 9+ years of experience in helping patients overcome depression, trauma, anxiety, anger issues, substance abuse, etc.
I see clients from all walks of life dealing with many different struggles and issues. I find most people are often just trying to manage the stresses of everyday life, overcome negative habits, or find closure and peace with past trauma. Often they just want to find new and better ways to cope or be able to change how they think and feel.
(317) 932-7147 View (317) 932-7147
Photo of Jessica Corn in 46032, IN
Jessica Corn
LSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Carmel, IN 46032
Everyone has their own experiences to bring to the table. In imagining my ideal client, they want to feel heard, have a voice, and matter. They want to see changes and improvements in their lives because they are tired of things spiraling and want to get off the rollercoaster. Their issues could be substance use, trauma, depression, anxiety, etc. When it comes to their needs they may need extra supports, learn social skills, need someone to listen, or figure out healthy ways to cope. Their goals are to find their purpose in life and do it abundantly.
Everyone has their own experiences to bring to the table. In imagining my ideal client, they want to feel heard, have a voice, and matter. They want to see changes and improvements in their lives because they are tired of things spiraling and want to get off the rollercoaster. Their issues could be substance use, trauma, depression, anxiety, etc. When it comes to their needs they may need extra supports, learn social skills, need someone to listen, or figure out healthy ways to cope. Their goals are to find their purpose in life and do it abundantly.
(765) 517-7824 View (765) 517-7824
Photo of Taylor Leamon Stephens, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 46032, IN
Taylor Leamon Stephens
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
Hello and thank you for visiting my page. My name is Taylor, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 10 years of experience in the mental health field. My areas of expertise are in treating addiction, anxiety, trauma, depression, and behavioral concerns. I take a client-centered strengths-based approach to counseling in an effort to help others reach their goals. I have been fortunate enough to obtain several years of experience in working with both children and adults. I look forward to collaborating with you and helping you to reach your goals or overcome whatever distress has motivated you to consider therapy.
Hello and thank you for visiting my page. My name is Taylor, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 10 years of experience in the mental health field. My areas of expertise are in treating addiction, anxiety, trauma, depression, and behavioral concerns. I take a client-centered strengths-based approach to counseling in an effort to help others reach their goals. I have been fortunate enough to obtain several years of experience in working with both children and adults. I look forward to collaborating with you and helping you to reach your goals or overcome whatever distress has motivated you to consider therapy.
(765) 207-5363 View (765) 207-5363
Photo of Stan Antonelli III, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 46032, IN
Stan Antonelli III
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCAC
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
Stan Antonelli III is a Licensed and Academy Certified Psychotherapist and Clinical Addiction Specialist. Stan specializes in the treatment of co-occurring disorders, anxiety, depression, and substance use disorders. He has extensive experience treating incarcerated adult offenders as well as those struggling with anger management issues. Stan has advanced training in CBT, TF-CBT, Adoption-Competent Therapy, and the Minnesota Model of Addiction. He holds undergraduate and graduate degrees from Indiana University and Andrews University in psychology, sociology, and clinical social work. He is a PsyD (Doctor of Psychology) candidate.
Stan Antonelli III is a Licensed and Academy Certified Psychotherapist and Clinical Addiction Specialist. Stan specializes in the treatment of co-occurring disorders, anxiety, depression, and substance use disorders. He has extensive experience treating incarcerated adult offenders as well as those struggling with anger management issues. Stan has advanced training in CBT, TF-CBT, Adoption-Competent Therapy, and the Minnesota Model of Addiction. He holds undergraduate and graduate degrees from Indiana University and Andrews University in psychology, sociology, and clinical social work. He is a PsyD (Doctor of Psychology) candidate.
(765) 553-4440 View (765) 553-4440
Photo of Ethany Michaud, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 46032, IN
Ethany Michaud
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Carmel, IN 46032
Waitlist for new clients
My specialties include the following: Trauma, depression, Anxiety, Addiction, grief, mood and personality disorders, relationship struggles and more.
Many of my clients have experienced some sort of trauma in their lives. Others are going through life transitions such as relationship difficulties, grief reactions, hopelessness, panic attacks, trouble focusing and other work/life stressors just to name a few. If you identify with any of these and/or are finding it difficult to enjoy life then you have come to the right place. No matter what it is that you are dealing with, we can work together as a team to help you start feeling better! Call or text our office manager at 317-992-1919 to get set up.
My specialties include the following: Trauma, depression, Anxiety, Addiction, grief, mood and personality disorders, relationship struggles and more.
Many of my clients have experienced some sort of trauma in their lives. Others are going through life transitions such as relationship difficulties, grief reactions, hopelessness, panic attacks, trouble focusing and other work/life stressors just to name a few. If you identify with any of these and/or are finding it difficult to enjoy life then you have come to the right place. No matter what it is that you are dealing with, we can work together as a team to help you start feeling better! Call or text our office manager at 317-992-1919 to get set up.
(317) 676-9694 View (317) 676-9694
Addiction Therapists

What is the best therapy for addiction?

Addiction treatment will be tailored to the individual. People seeking help for addiction—whether with a psychotherapist, in an outpatient clinic, or in a residential program—should expect to engage in multiple types of treatments, sometimes including medication. For anyone recovering from addiction, avoiding situations in which one has typically used a substance is essential, as is the support of close connections. Since substance use disorders tend to co-occur with underlying mental health conditions such as anxiety or depression, those must also be addressed as part of any recovery plan.

How long does therapy for addiction take?

There is no set timeline for recovery from addiction. Patients and their families should expect the work to last several months, if not longer. Residential treatment programs may be based on a stay of 30, 60, or 90 days, with continuing work after release, but only about 1 percent of people are treated in such facilities. Ceasing use is just the first step; therapy to help maintain abstinence and effect behavior change must follow. The process of recovery, neuroscience has shown, involves brain cells recovering the capacity to respond to natural sources of reward and restore control over the impulse to use. Another definition of recovery is restoring voluntary control over one’s substance use and retaking all of one’s previous responsibilities.

How effective is drug addiction treatment?

Substance use disorders are treatable and remission is achievable for many who seek recovery; by some estimates, more than three-quarters of people who become addicted to alcohol or drugs recover. But that success rarely occurs quickly or on a set timeline; relapse is not only common, but many therapists and clinicians view it as a normal part of the process—not always a sign that a person has returned to addiction, but a signal that their treatment should be adjusted to help them regain control. Overall, research suggests, five years after the end of substance use, one’s risk of relapse is no greater than that of others who had not faced addiction. Other experts believe that complete abstinence is not the only measure of recovery, and that, through effective treatment, many people can learn to control their use.

How can you get addiction treatment for someone?

The most important factor in recovery from addiction is widely understood to be an individual’s commitment to change. For that reason,“interventions” in which friends and family gather to urge or force someone to begin immediate treatment often backfire; even when such efforts do lead someone to begin treatment, they may be less likely to stay than those who are self-driven. Still, family members can play an important role in supporting an individual who seeks help and can take part in family therapy as one element of a loved one’s treatment.