Photo of Asma Mair, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist
Asma Mair
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Hook RG27
The thought of seeking counselling or psychotherapy can feel like a daunting prospect. However sometimes we can face struggles in life that seem too difficult to cope with alone. It takes courage in taking the first steps to seek help and support. My personal philosophy is that we are all complex unique individuals with our own needs, but sometimes these needs get distorted as we try to fit in and be accepted by others, or we simply become lost in the "busy-ness" of our lives.
The thought of seeking counselling or psychotherapy can feel like a daunting prospect. However sometimes we can face struggles in life that seem too difficult to cope with alone. It takes courage in taking the first steps to seek help and support. My personal philosophy is that we are all complex unique individuals with our own needs, but sometimes these needs get distorted as we try to fit in and be accepted by others, or we simply become lost in the "busy-ness" of our lives.
07480 779211 View 07480 779211
Photo of Corrina Low, MBACP, Counsellor
Corrina Low
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hook RG27
I’m an Integrative Therapist working online, across the UK, and in-person in Central Manchester. My specialisms are anxiety, self-esteem, low mood & relationships, in all their forms. Some of the issues I frequently support clients with include anxiety or other difficulties, within relationships with partners, friends, family members; people pleasing through fear of rejection or disagreement; work-related stress & anxiety; feelings of loneliness / isolation; feeling stuck; emotional regulation. These are all natural things to struggle with, but change is possible and therapy can help.
I’m an Integrative Therapist working online, across the UK, and in-person in Central Manchester. My specialisms are anxiety, self-esteem, low mood & relationships, in all their forms. Some of the issues I frequently support clients with include anxiety or other difficulties, within relationships with partners, friends, family members; people pleasing through fear of rejection or disagreement; work-related stress & anxiety; feelings of loneliness / isolation; feeling stuck; emotional regulation. These are all natural things to struggle with, but change is possible and therapy can help.
0161 524 0259 View 0161 524 0259
Photo of Ian Myers - Ian Myers Counselling, DCounsPsych, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Ian Myers Counselling
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Hook RG27
I came to counselling late in life and bring years of life experiences as a result. I believe I have a natural empathy and understanding of my clients. Nothing shocks me and I never judge. I want my clients to reach their full potential in life, so whatever it is that is holding you back, let me help you unravel the tangle, in a safe, supportive environment. I offer private counselling based from my home office near Basingstoke in North Hampshire. I hold an Advanced Diploma in Psychotherapeutic Counselling and Hypnotherapy and am an Accredited Member of the National Counselling Society (NCS). I offer counselling and Hypnotherapy.
I came to counselling late in life and bring years of life experiences as a result. I believe I have a natural empathy and understanding of my clients. Nothing shocks me and I never judge. I want my clients to reach their full potential in life, so whatever it is that is holding you back, let me help you unravel the tangle, in a safe, supportive environment. I offer private counselling based from my home office near Basingstoke in North Hampshire. I hold an Advanced Diploma in Psychotherapeutic Counselling and Hypnotherapy and am an Accredited Member of the National Counselling Society (NCS). I offer counselling and Hypnotherapy.
01256 236485 View 01256 236485
Photo of Gia Bird - Gia Bird | Aspire Counselling Service , MA, BACP, Counsellor
Gia Bird | Aspire Counselling Service
Counsellor, MA, BACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Feeling stuck or overwhelmed? I'm here to help, whether you're a parent concerned about your child or a young person seeking support yourself. As a younger therapist with extensive experience in youth counselling, healthcare, and education, I deeply understand the challenges faced by young people today - including those navigating Autism and ADHD.
Feeling stuck or overwhelmed? I'm here to help, whether you're a parent concerned about your child or a young person seeking support yourself. As a younger therapist with extensive experience in youth counselling, healthcare, and education, I deeply understand the challenges faced by young people today - including those navigating Autism and ADHD.
01677 931167 View 01677 931167
Photo of Sheromi Macken - Brighter Days Counselling, MBACP, Counsellor
Brighter Days Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello and welcome, I offer confidentiality and safety in order to explore what is going on for you at your pace. I treat every client exactly as I would wish myself to be treated. It can be a lonely place when nobody can see what's happening on the inside and it takes enormous effort and energy to keep going and mask your true feelings to the rest of the world. If you are struggling to decide if counselling is for you then you have come to the right place. Please do not hesitate to call to discuss options. Thank you
Hello and welcome, I offer confidentiality and safety in order to explore what is going on for you at your pace. I treat every client exactly as I would wish myself to be treated. It can be a lonely place when nobody can see what's happening on the inside and it takes enormous effort and energy to keep going and mask your true feelings to the rest of the world. If you are struggling to decide if counselling is for you then you have come to the right place. Please do not hesitate to call to discuss options. Thank you
0118 230 9306 View 0118 230 9306
Photo of Sue Elizabeth Ivey - Sue Ivey Counselling-Online and Face-To-Face , MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Sue Ivey Counselling-Online and Face-To-Face
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Hook RG27
Are you feeling troubled, distressed or even confused by relationship difficulties, life transitions, crises, helplessness, grief, isolation, anxiety, depression or loss of direction? Talking to a professional counsellor in a safe, confidential and non-judgemental environment can enable you to understand yourself better, make your situation more manageable and lead to lasting behavioural change. As a BACP accredited counsellor with 23 years experience of counselling adults with various difficulties, I understand how important it is to find the right counsellor to help you. For this reason I offer a free one hour initial session.
Are you feeling troubled, distressed or even confused by relationship difficulties, life transitions, crises, helplessness, grief, isolation, anxiety, depression or loss of direction? Talking to a professional counsellor in a safe, confidential and non-judgemental environment can enable you to understand yourself better, make your situation more manageable and lead to lasting behavioural change. As a BACP accredited counsellor with 23 years experience of counselling adults with various difficulties, I understand how important it is to find the right counsellor to help you. For this reason I offer a free one hour initial session.
07723 458110 View 07723 458110
Photo of Elena Abad, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Elena Abad
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Hook RG27
I provide a welcoming, safe space to explore personal difficulties, break old habits and navigate life’s transitions, online and outdoors, frequently with animals and nature as co-therapists. I work with a wide range of issues. However, there are some areas in which I have additional experience: relationships - p.e couples, parent-child (adult) -, PTSD, complex trauma, attachment, shame, resentment, grief, anxiety, depression, emotional difficulties, challenging behaviour, neurodiversity, eating disorders, chronic distress, burnout, cultural and social class issues; and intergenerational, transgenerational and moral injury trauma.
I provide a welcoming, safe space to explore personal difficulties, break old habits and navigate life’s transitions, online and outdoors, frequently with animals and nature as co-therapists. I work with a wide range of issues. However, there are some areas in which I have additional experience: relationships - p.e couples, parent-child (adult) -, PTSD, complex trauma, attachment, shame, resentment, grief, anxiety, depression, emotional difficulties, challenging behaviour, neurodiversity, eating disorders, chronic distress, burnout, cultural and social class issues; and intergenerational, transgenerational and moral injury trauma.
0118 338 3950 View 0118 338 3950
Photo of Claire Acfield, MBACP, Counsellor
Claire Acfield
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hook RG27
I have a special interest in menopause and the huge effect this can have on a woman's mental health as they navigate this life change. I understand that a woman can struggle with her sense of identity during this time, and may suffer with anxiety, depression and a drop in confidence. Often they feel unheard by others and may believe that they are everything to everybody else - but who are they? They may need to make their voice heard, to speak to someone who can help them to work through the issues they are facing. They may wish to explore patterns of behaviour and to try to identify why they feel and relate the way that they do.
I have a special interest in menopause and the huge effect this can have on a woman's mental health as they navigate this life change. I understand that a woman can struggle with her sense of identity during this time, and may suffer with anxiety, depression and a drop in confidence. Often they feel unheard by others and may believe that they are everything to everybody else - but who are they? They may need to make their voice heard, to speak to someone who can help them to work through the issues they are facing. They may wish to explore patterns of behaviour and to try to identify why they feel and relate the way that they do.
0118 338 5052 View 0118 338 5052
Photo of Janine Bloomfield, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Janine Bloomfield
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I am a qualified Psychotherapeutic Counsellor, Creative Play Therapist and Sand Tray Therapist. I support Children and Young People (from age 4 upwards) through face to face conversations or telephone support, offering in a holistic person centred led way. This enables a child or young person to express, explore and make sense of events and experiences that are hard to verbalise, process and articulate. It is a non-directive and client-centred approach to therapy that allows the client the opportunity to play out, talk about and work through feelings and emotions within a safe and therapeutic environment.
I am a qualified Psychotherapeutic Counsellor, Creative Play Therapist and Sand Tray Therapist. I support Children and Young People (from age 4 upwards) through face to face conversations or telephone support, offering in a holistic person centred led way. This enables a child or young person to express, explore and make sense of events and experiences that are hard to verbalise, process and articulate. It is a non-directive and client-centred approach to therapy that allows the client the opportunity to play out, talk about and work through feelings and emotions within a safe and therapeutic environment.
0118 230 9376 View 0118 230 9376
Photo of Caroline Ellison - Caroline Ellison Counselling, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Caroline Ellison Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I offer Individual and Couples Therapy in-person and online. I'll support you with kindness, compassion, empathy and understanding. If you're struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, stress or something else and are looking for support from someone who will listen without judgement in a confidential and safe environment please get in touch. Are you a carer looking after a loved one with a life limiting illness? or generally just don’t feel good about yourself? Whether you are looking to cope with a specific mental health issue, better manage unpleasant emotions or simply want to feel better about yourself, counselling can help.
I offer Individual and Couples Therapy in-person and online. I'll support you with kindness, compassion, empathy and understanding. If you're struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, stress or something else and are looking for support from someone who will listen without judgement in a confidential and safe environment please get in touch. Are you a carer looking after a loved one with a life limiting illness? or generally just don’t feel good about yourself? Whether you are looking to cope with a specific mental health issue, better manage unpleasant emotions or simply want to feel better about yourself, counselling can help.
01252 959728 View 01252 959728
Photo of Varsha Vashisthaw - Ugly Duckling Counselling, DCounsPsych, BACP, Counsellor
Ugly Duckling Counselling
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, BACP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Hi, I am Varsha and I would like to introduce myself. The slogan is "Everyone can transform from the ugly duckling to the real swan they are meant to be". In these few words of this quote, I am introducing myself. like you, I am a person who has experienced life's up's and down's, has been in the depth of the well of sadness, confusion, wanting to let everything go ... I have screamed, hidden, while been in the dark, cold and surrounded by walls that are getting more narrow by the hour. Strangely something inside me woke up because someone heard me screaming "help", even when I was embarrassed asking for support.
Hi, I am Varsha and I would like to introduce myself. The slogan is "Everyone can transform from the ugly duckling to the real swan they are meant to be". In these few words of this quote, I am introducing myself. like you, I am a person who has experienced life's up's and down's, has been in the depth of the well of sadness, confusion, wanting to let everything go ... I have screamed, hidden, while been in the dark, cold and surrounded by walls that are getting more narrow by the hour. Strangely something inside me woke up because someone heard me screaming "help", even when I was embarrassed asking for support.
01689 661745 View 01689 661745
Photo of Charlotte Cwajna, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Charlotte Cwajna
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Hello. I offer individual counselling, and couple counselling, face-to-face and online. I believe change comes from within and I will help you to work through and process the issues facing you. Are you are feeling confused, angry, worried, anxious, scared, lonely, depressed? Are you having difficulties in your relationships? Talking through what is troubling you, can bring a sense of relief. I provide a supportive, calm, and non judgemental space, where you will feel listened to and heard
Hello. I offer individual counselling, and couple counselling, face-to-face and online. I believe change comes from within and I will help you to work through and process the issues facing you. Are you are feeling confused, angry, worried, anxious, scared, lonely, depressed? Are you having difficulties in your relationships? Talking through what is troubling you, can bring a sense of relief. I provide a supportive, calm, and non judgemental space, where you will feel listened to and heard
07794 744321 View 07794 744321
Photo of Dr Kirsty Deas, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Kirsty Deas
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Serves Area
For more information, please see my website: https://concordiapsychologicalservices.co.uk/ As a Chartered Clinical Psychologist with nearly 20 years’ experience within mental health services, I am extremely passionate about the work I do. I am committed to enabling individuals to live a more fulfilling life, by helping them move in the direction of their values and goals. I qualified as a Clinical Psychologist from the University of Southampton in 2011. My Clinical Psychology training enables me to work flexibly, adapting a broad range of approaches to the needs of my clients.
For more information, please see my website: https://concordiapsychologicalservices.co.uk/ As a Chartered Clinical Psychologist with nearly 20 years’ experience within mental health services, I am extremely passionate about the work I do. I am committed to enabling individuals to live a more fulfilling life, by helping them move in the direction of their values and goals. I qualified as a Clinical Psychologist from the University of Southampton in 2011. My Clinical Psychology training enables me to work flexibly, adapting a broad range of approaches to the needs of my clients.
View
Photo of Phil J Giles - The Giles Practice, MBACP, Psychotherapist
The Giles Practice
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
The Giles Practice Is Committed To Helping You. We are a forward-thinking, progressive practice with genuine testimonials from satisfied clients. We have 5 star Google reviews with clients from all over the world. We have been instructed on recent catastrophic incidents such as the Grenfell Tower fire and the London Bridge/Borough Market terrorist attack. Each client is treated like an individual and every issue presented is important to us. We want our clients to be 100% happy, safe and secure when they use our service.
The Giles Practice Is Committed To Helping You. We are a forward-thinking, progressive practice with genuine testimonials from satisfied clients. We have 5 star Google reviews with clients from all over the world. We have been instructed on recent catastrophic incidents such as the Grenfell Tower fire and the London Bridge/Borough Market terrorist attack. Each client is treated like an individual and every issue presented is important to us. We want our clients to be 100% happy, safe and secure when they use our service.
01256 595034 View 01256 595034
Photo of Helen Anne Wells, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist
Helen Anne Wells
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I provide a confidential and non-judgemental space in which we can together explore the issues which have brought you to this point in your life journey, supporting and enabling you to develop greater self-awareness and consider the choices that are open to you.
I provide a confidential and non-judgemental space in which we can together explore the issues which have brought you to this point in your life journey, supporting and enabling you to develop greater self-awareness and consider the choices that are open to you.
01689 666686 View 01689 666686
Photo of Emmanuel Ampofo, MSc, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Emmanuel Ampofo
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am an Accredited Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapist with the BABCP with 10 years experience of using CBT to treat various psychological disorders. Do you struggle with intrusive thoughts of horrific nature that makes you feel like a bad person? Or do you engage in excessive checks or intense fear of contamination hence the need to engage in certain rituals to feel safe and to keep others safe? If you struggle with any of the above as well as constantly re-living past trauma events and struggle with depression leading to isolation, then get in touch!
I am an Accredited Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapist with the BABCP with 10 years experience of using CBT to treat various psychological disorders. Do you struggle with intrusive thoughts of horrific nature that makes you feel like a bad person? Or do you engage in excessive checks or intense fear of contamination hence the need to engage in certain rituals to feel safe and to keep others safe? If you struggle with any of the above as well as constantly re-living past trauma events and struggle with depression leading to isolation, then get in touch!
01256 595299 View 01256 595299
Photo of Zoe Barton, MBACP, Counsellor
Zoe Barton
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I work with both adults and teenagers providing short and long term counselling for a variety of common mental health issues. Anxiety, self-doubt, low self-esteem, persistent or seemingly unexplainable feelings of low-mood are all common concerns that many of us will experience at some point in our lives- you are not alone. Perhaps current distressing thoughts, feelings of overwhelm or harmful behaviours have come as a result of a sudden change that you are struggling to process alone; a recent bereavement, relationship breakdown, serious health diagnosis or you have experienced a traumatic injury or assault.
I work with both adults and teenagers providing short and long term counselling for a variety of common mental health issues. Anxiety, self-doubt, low self-esteem, persistent or seemingly unexplainable feelings of low-mood are all common concerns that many of us will experience at some point in our lives- you are not alone. Perhaps current distressing thoughts, feelings of overwhelm or harmful behaviours have come as a result of a sudden change that you are struggling to process alone; a recent bereavement, relationship breakdown, serious health diagnosis or you have experienced a traumatic injury or assault.
01689 663045 View 01689 663045
Photo of Lucy Whittome, MA, BACP, Counsellor
Lucy Whittome
Counsellor, MA, BACP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life or are you struggling with depression, anxiety, or loss? Counselling can offer a helpful space to talk through your feelings and start to make sense of things. I will work with you and your goals to help you start to let some light back in through the cracks.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life or are you struggling with depression, anxiety, or loss? Counselling can offer a helpful space to talk through your feelings and start to make sense of things. I will work with you and your goals to help you start to let some light back in through the cracks.
01256 648394 View 01256 648394
Photo of Tetiana Czaprowska, MSc, MUKCP, Counsellor
Tetiana Czaprowska
Counsellor, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
If you are stuck in some challenging situations, feeling tired, frustrated or overwhelmed, not knowing what to do, I would like to offer you the appropriate resources and support. Even people with supportive family or friends may find it difficult to discuss personal issues with those close to them. Counselling provides a setting that is impartial, safe and confidential. It can help to bring insight into your difficulties thus helping you to deal with them and move on to enjoy the life.
If you are stuck in some challenging situations, feeling tired, frustrated or overwhelmed, not knowing what to do, I would like to offer you the appropriate resources and support. Even people with supportive family or friends may find it difficult to discuss personal issues with those close to them. Counselling provides a setting that is impartial, safe and confidential. It can help to bring insight into your difficulties thus helping you to deal with them and move on to enjoy the life.
01256 648393 View 01256 648393
Photo of Sian Melville, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Sian Melville
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
Do you feel that you have lost who you are? Does it feel like you have lost control of your daily life, and you wake up every morning feeling anxious and upset? Noticed that you’re worrying about the future and how you might cope? What if you could feel like yourself again, less worries, feeling less tearful and more empowered and in control? Hello, I’m Sian. I am an accredited Cognitive Behavioural Therapist and founder of Lifted Therapy.
Do you feel that you have lost who you are? Does it feel like you have lost control of your daily life, and you wake up every morning feeling anxious and upset? Noticed that you’re worrying about the future and how you might cope? What if you could feel like yourself again, less worries, feeling less tearful and more empowered and in control? Hello, I’m Sian. I am an accredited Cognitive Behavioural Therapist and founder of Lifted Therapy.
01256 975045 View 01256 975045
1

See more therapy options for RG27

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in RG27

30+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in RG27 who prioritize treating:

94% Self Esteem
90% Stress
87% Anxiety
84% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
74% Bereavement
65% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

56% Aviva
56% Bupa
56% Vitality

How Counsellors in RG27 see their clients

94% In Person and Online
6% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
16% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in RG27?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.