Counselling in Beeston

Photo of Linda McConnachie, Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Linda McConnachie
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Beeston NG9
I run a successful private practice in Beeston in Nottinghamshire and work relationally and empathically with people from all walks of life. I am a qualified Clinical Supervisor offering individual and group Supervision. If you’re facing distressing or traumatic experiences, I can support you explore your thoughts and feelings to make sense of what's going on and consider how things can change. I work on a short or longer term basis. I know that, sometimes, talking can be difficult; our unconscious thoughts get in the way of change and I’m able to offer body or creative therapeutic solutions as well.
I run a successful private practice in Beeston in Nottinghamshire and work relationally and empathically with people from all walks of life. I am a qualified Clinical Supervisor offering individual and group Supervision. If you’re facing distressing or traumatic experiences, I can support you explore your thoughts and feelings to make sense of what's going on and consider how things can change. I work on a short or longer term basis. I know that, sometimes, talking can be difficult; our unconscious thoughts get in the way of change and I’m able to offer body or creative therapeutic solutions as well.
0115 697 1078 View 0115 697 1078
Photo of Anna Elizabeth Naomi Illsley, Psychotherapist, BACP
Anna Elizabeth Naomi Illsley
Psychotherapist, BACP
1 Endorsed
Beeston NG9
Hello! My name is Anna, life can be really hard at times cant it, which can leave us feeling overwhelmed with sadness, stress and anxiety. Do you need someone kind and caring that will provide a friendly safe and non-judgemental, environment. Where you will feel listened to; thus, enabling you to explore your thoughts, feelings and experiences (past or present). At your own pace, without the fear of judgement therefore, enabling you to discover new insight and a better understanding leading towards a more fulfilled life.
Hello! My name is Anna, life can be really hard at times cant it, which can leave us feeling overwhelmed with sadness, stress and anxiety. Do you need someone kind and caring that will provide a friendly safe and non-judgemental, environment. Where you will feel listened to; thus, enabling you to explore your thoughts, feelings and experiences (past or present). At your own pace, without the fear of judgement therefore, enabling you to discover new insight and a better understanding leading towards a more fulfilled life.
0115 647 0705 View 0115 647 0705
Photo of Denise Heritage, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Denise Heritage
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Beeston NG9
You may be experiencing anxiety or depression, facing significant life events such as bereavement, redundancy or divorce. You may want to explore relationship patterns that are keeping you unfilled or understand how your childhood affects your life now. Whatever it is I offer a safe and supportive space where we can explore what you are finding difficult. Your experience is unique to you and together we will increase awareness of your feelings and understanding of what your needs are to encourage healing, change and growth. Life can be difficult and sometimes we need support to help us navigate through the challenges we face.
You may be experiencing anxiety or depression, facing significant life events such as bereavement, redundancy or divorce. You may want to explore relationship patterns that are keeping you unfilled or understand how your childhood affects your life now. Whatever it is I offer a safe and supportive space where we can explore what you are finding difficult. Your experience is unique to you and together we will increase awareness of your feelings and understanding of what your needs are to encourage healing, change and growth. Life can be difficult and sometimes we need support to help us navigate through the challenges we face.
0115 647 3451 View 0115 647 3451
Photo of Chanel Hemley - Nottingham Counselling Therapy, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Nottingham Counselling Therapy
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Beeston NG9
Thank you for visiting us. Perhaps you are struggling to cope, feeling anxious, depressed, processing trauma, emotional problems, overwhelmed, or maybe you are going through some changes. Regardless of your situation, our professionals at Nottingham Counselling Therapy support individuals and couples to heal, grow and feel better. We deliver effective and professional therapy by working to high standards, tracking therapy progress and offering you the best support to explore your thoughts, feelings and behaviours in a confidential and safe environment, where you will be treated with respect and care that ensures positive change.
Thank you for visiting us. Perhaps you are struggling to cope, feeling anxious, depressed, processing trauma, emotional problems, overwhelmed, or maybe you are going through some changes. Regardless of your situation, our professionals at Nottingham Counselling Therapy support individuals and couples to heal, grow and feel better. We deliver effective and professional therapy by working to high standards, tracking therapy progress and offering you the best support to explore your thoughts, feelings and behaviours in a confidential and safe environment, where you will be treated with respect and care that ensures positive change.
0115 647 1681 View 0115 647 1681
Photo of Jacqueline Symes, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Jacqueline Symes
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Beeston NG9
Do you feel troubled by something? Does something feel 'off'? Would you like to have more of an understanding of yourself or the issues you are having? Would you like to feel more empowered? Imagine being in a safe space where these, and any other issues can be discussed. It takes courage to reach out but please know there will be no judgement and your thoughts and feelings will be respected throughout.
Do you feel troubled by something? Does something feel 'off'? Would you like to have more of an understanding of yourself or the issues you are having? Would you like to feel more empowered? Imagine being in a safe space where these, and any other issues can be discussed. It takes courage to reach out but please know there will be no judgement and your thoughts and feelings will be respected throughout.
01430 330068 View 01430 330068
Photo of Paloma McMullan, Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Paloma McMullan
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
Does it seem like others are coping better, enjoying more successful lives or more fulfilling relationships? I'm here to help. Level 7-qualified, I work at depth- engaging with underlying patterns and processes- to support your journey of self-discovery, healing and personal growth. In practice since 2015, I have supported a diverse range of clients. I work with individuals, not issues per se, hence- whether we were undertaking short or longer-term therapy- I would focus upon engaging with you as a whole person; multifaceted, with a unique history and a distinct way-of-being.
Does it seem like others are coping better, enjoying more successful lives or more fulfilling relationships? I'm here to help. Level 7-qualified, I work at depth- engaging with underlying patterns and processes- to support your journey of self-discovery, healing and personal growth. In practice since 2015, I have supported a diverse range of clients. I work with individuals, not issues per se, hence- whether we were undertaking short or longer-term therapy- I would focus upon engaging with you as a whole person; multifaceted, with a unique history and a distinct way-of-being.
0115 647 8311 View 0115 647 8311
Photo of Gerard J Dodd, Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Gerard J Dodd
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Serves Area
I am a UKCP registered Counsellor and Psychotherapist, currently offering therapy in person, online or via the telephone. Appointments are available weekdays evenings. As the demands of day to day living have increased so have the levels of stress, anxiety and depression, these being a subsequent cause of personal and professional relational issues, therefore it is understandable, even acceptable that therapy has become a favourable option to help many of us address our challenges. It is my experience that therapy can provide us with a real opportunity to attain fresh understanding for the events cause us distress in our lives.
I am a UKCP registered Counsellor and Psychotherapist, currently offering therapy in person, online or via the telephone. Appointments are available weekdays evenings. As the demands of day to day living have increased so have the levels of stress, anxiety and depression, these being a subsequent cause of personal and professional relational issues, therefore it is understandable, even acceptable that therapy has become a favourable option to help many of us address our challenges. It is my experience that therapy can provide us with a real opportunity to attain fresh understanding for the events cause us distress in our lives.
01245 209618 View 01245 209618
Photo of Chanel Hemley - Nottingham Counselling Therapy, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Nottingham Counselling Therapy
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Serves Area
Perhaps you are feeling overwhelmed, or maybe you are going through some changes. Perhaps, you are experiencing longer-term issues or feel there’s no one for you to talk to. Regardless of your situation, our professionals at Nottingham Counselling & Therapy can help you to grow, heal and feel better.
Perhaps you are feeling overwhelmed, or maybe you are going through some changes. Perhaps, you are experiencing longer-term issues or feel there’s no one for you to talk to. Regardless of your situation, our professionals at Nottingham Counselling & Therapy can help you to grow, heal and feel better.
0115 647 8703 View 0115 647 8703
Photo of Suzie Ford, Psychotherapist, PhD, MUKCP
Suzie Ford
Psychotherapist, PhD, MUKCP
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
I work with adults of all ages who experience challenge and overwhelm in their lives. Whether you are going through something new or you have been feeling this way for a while, I am here and wanting to support you. My areas of work include: family issues; relationship problems; shame; trauma; sexual difficulties; chronic pain; anxiety; depression; self-esteem issues; personality disorders; infertility; abuse; loss; bullying; and neglect.
I work with adults of all ages who experience challenge and overwhelm in their lives. Whether you are going through something new or you have been feeling this way for a while, I am here and wanting to support you. My areas of work include: family issues; relationship problems; shame; trauma; sexual difficulties; chronic pain; anxiety; depression; self-esteem issues; personality disorders; infertility; abuse; loss; bullying; and neglect.
0115 647 1161 View 0115 647 1161
Photo of Jasmine Foulkes, Counsellor, MBACP
Jasmine Foulkes
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
We all feel stuck sometimes; either in life generally or in our relationships. We increasingly hear of people struggling with low self esteem, low mood and motivation, anxiety and depression diagnoses are becoming more common. We hear of relationships falling apart for a myriad of reasons; money, trust issues, infidelity, loss of connection to name a few. The key factor that causes relationships to break down is the failure to communicate effectively and re-connect before the problems arise.
We all feel stuck sometimes; either in life generally or in our relationships. We increasingly hear of people struggling with low self esteem, low mood and motivation, anxiety and depression diagnoses are becoming more common. We hear of relationships falling apart for a myriad of reasons; money, trust issues, infidelity, loss of connection to name a few. The key factor that causes relationships to break down is the failure to communicate effectively and re-connect before the problems arise.
0115 697 1846 View 0115 697 1846
Photo of Penny Hogan, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Penny Hogan
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Serves Area
Many seek counselling when they feel overwhelmed, stuck, or uncertain about the future. You may be struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, or relationship difficulties, unsure of how to move forward. Perhaps a separation or divorce has left you feeling lost, or unresolved conflicts affect your well-being. You might need a space to talk openly, without fear of judgment, and gain clarity on your thoughts and emotions. Whatever your challenges, you don’t have to navigate them alone.
Many seek counselling when they feel overwhelmed, stuck, or uncertain about the future. You may be struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, or relationship difficulties, unsure of how to move forward. Perhaps a separation or divorce has left you feeling lost, or unresolved conflicts affect your well-being. You might need a space to talk openly, without fear of judgment, and gain clarity on your thoughts and emotions. Whatever your challenges, you don’t have to navigate them alone.
01773 300844 View 01773 300844
Photo of Amy Gethings, Counsellor, MUKCP
Amy Gethings
Counsellor, MUKCP
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hello! Lovely to meet you. I have 25yrs experience working with those in the caring professions (i.e. the NHS, social care), counselling the homeless, those who have suffered abuse (including domestic violence and sexual abuse), and running my own private counselling practice. I am passionate about providing psychotherapeutic support to the neurodivergent community. I enjoy working with men as well as women, and with people from all cultures. As a relational therapist, my aim is to provide a warm and real relationship in which I attune to you and your emotional needs. Together we'll cultivate positive change and understanding.
Hello! Lovely to meet you. I have 25yrs experience working with those in the caring professions (i.e. the NHS, social care), counselling the homeless, those who have suffered abuse (including domestic violence and sexual abuse), and running my own private counselling practice. I am passionate about providing psychotherapeutic support to the neurodivergent community. I enjoy working with men as well as women, and with people from all cultures. As a relational therapist, my aim is to provide a warm and real relationship in which I attune to you and your emotional needs. Together we'll cultivate positive change and understanding.
01777 802572 View 01777 802572
Photo of Claire Shaw, Counsellor, MBACP
Claire Shaw
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
Hello, my name is Claire Shaw and welcome to my page. Are you feeling anxious, depressed or even suicidal? Regardless of life events, we can all at some point in our lives feel overwhelmed, whether that is due to a painful bereavement, relationship breakdown, in fact anything that has left you struggling with life and unable to process how we feel with regards our emotions.Have you experienced a painful event in your life which has left you feeling numb and unable to process?
Hello, my name is Claire Shaw and welcome to my page. Are you feeling anxious, depressed or even suicidal? Regardless of life events, we can all at some point in our lives feel overwhelmed, whether that is due to a painful bereavement, relationship breakdown, in fact anything that has left you struggling with life and unable to process how we feel with regards our emotions.Have you experienced a painful event in your life which has left you feeling numb and unable to process?
0115 824 5394 View 0115 824 5394
Photo of James Pell, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP Accred
James Pell
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP Accred
Online Only
Hello, my name is James. I am a qualified psychotherapist and counsellor accredited by both the BACP and BABCP. offering short and long-term therapy solutions to suit various needs. The decision to embark on therapy can be a big one and I believe that finding someone with whom you feel comfortable working is vital. My practice offers clients a warm, confidential, and non- judgemental space to identify and explore their struggles and work towards goals. I am experienced in working with clients to help them gain understanding of their thoughts, feelings, and actions and reconnect with a sense of self- worth and confidence.
Hello, my name is James. I am a qualified psychotherapist and counsellor accredited by both the BACP and BABCP. offering short and long-term therapy solutions to suit various needs. The decision to embark on therapy can be a big one and I believe that finding someone with whom you feel comfortable working is vital. My practice offers clients a warm, confidential, and non- judgemental space to identify and explore their struggles and work towards goals. I am experienced in working with clients to help them gain understanding of their thoughts, feelings, and actions and reconnect with a sense of self- worth and confidence.
Photo of Harley Johnson, Counsellor, MBACP
Harley Johnson
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
Welcome, Taking the first step toward seeking help can feel overwhelming. With so many options available, finding someone you truly connect with is essential. As a person-centred counsellor, I offer a warm, compassionate, and non-judgemental space where you can feel heard and supported. At the heart of this approach is the therapeutic relationship. . That’s why I place great importance on building a relationship based on mutual respect, trust, and authenticity. It’s within this relationship that you may begin to feel safe enough to be fully yourself and explore what truly matters to you.
Welcome, Taking the first step toward seeking help can feel overwhelming. With so many options available, finding someone you truly connect with is essential. As a person-centred counsellor, I offer a warm, compassionate, and non-judgemental space where you can feel heard and supported. At the heart of this approach is the therapeutic relationship. . That’s why I place great importance on building a relationship based on mutual respect, trust, and authenticity. It’s within this relationship that you may begin to feel safe enough to be fully yourself and explore what truly matters to you.
0115 647 4159 View 0115 647 4159
Photo of Sara Capill - Sara Capill- Ancora Therapy, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Sara Capill- Ancora Therapy
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Serves Area
Feeling lost, stressed, anxious or low? Want to make a change? I could help you. People often question whether their difficulty is ‘big enough’, or think that there are people worse off than themselves, or that they should be able to manage on their own. Sometimes people think they shouldn't burden others with their problems. I'm here to help with whatever is impacting on your life. I'm experienced in helping people with a range of difficulties, including anxiety, depression, relationships, and self-esteem. Starting therapy can be daunting, finding the courage to reach out is the first step, the next steps we can work out together.
Feeling lost, stressed, anxious or low? Want to make a change? I could help you. People often question whether their difficulty is ‘big enough’, or think that there are people worse off than themselves, or that they should be able to manage on their own. Sometimes people think they shouldn't burden others with their problems. I'm here to help with whatever is impacting on your life. I'm experienced in helping people with a range of difficulties, including anxiety, depression, relationships, and self-esteem. Starting therapy can be daunting, finding the courage to reach out is the first step, the next steps we can work out together.
0115 647 4289 View 0115 647 4289
Photo of Danielle Hutchings, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Danielle Hutchings
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Serves Area
********Specialist in Anxiety and Stress!******** Hi my name is Danielle Hutchings and i am a Passionate and dedicated Psychotherapist and Hypnotherapist, I can help you to take control of your life and focus on who and where you want to be. I am an accredited registrant with the National Counselling Society NCS and National Hypnotherapy society MHS. I have experience with a wide range of issues and offer counselling to adults and young people. I believe that everyone should be able to talk freely about their feelings without fear of judgement. I specialise in Anxiety and Stress, so don't suffer anymore get in touch.
********Specialist in Anxiety and Stress!******** Hi my name is Danielle Hutchings and i am a Passionate and dedicated Psychotherapist and Hypnotherapist, I can help you to take control of your life and focus on who and where you want to be. I am an accredited registrant with the National Counselling Society NCS and National Hypnotherapy society MHS. I have experience with a wide range of issues and offer counselling to adults and young people. I believe that everyone should be able to talk freely about their feelings without fear of judgement. I specialise in Anxiety and Stress, so don't suffer anymore get in touch.
0115 697 1947 View 0115 697 1947
Photo of Elizabeth (Liz) de Rooy, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Elizabeth (Liz) de Rooy
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Serves Area
Hello, Life can be tough and overwhelming at times, cant it? Especially now when this virus has bought so much change and challenges into our lives. Do you need someone you can talk to who will really listen and can help you gain a better understanding of your thoughts and feelings and the challenging issues in your life without fear of being judged? With a friendly and warm approach I am there to use my training and experience to support you.
Hello, Life can be tough and overwhelming at times, cant it? Especially now when this virus has bought so much change and challenges into our lives. Do you need someone you can talk to who will really listen and can help you gain a better understanding of your thoughts and feelings and the challenging issues in your life without fear of being judged? With a friendly and warm approach I am there to use my training and experience to support you.
0115 697 1188 View 0115 697 1188
Photo of Martin Biddle, Counsellor, MSc, MUKCP
Martin Biddle
Counsellor, MSc, MUKCP
Serves Area
My name is Martin and I am a UKCP & BACP registered psychotherapist and trainee supervisor who has worked with adults, young people, couples, university students, families and many others who are experiencing anxiety, relationship issues, depression, trauma, bereavement and loss and concerns about anger management or emotional regulation. Maybe you are feeling stressed-out or anxious or are struggling at work, college or university, or you are overthinking, having panic attacks or relationship issues? Or you need some sexual health counselling or you are a couple who need some support? Talk with me in a safe non-judgemental space.
My name is Martin and I am a UKCP & BACP registered psychotherapist and trainee supervisor who has worked with adults, young people, couples, university students, families and many others who are experiencing anxiety, relationship issues, depression, trauma, bereavement and loss and concerns about anger management or emotional regulation. Maybe you are feeling stressed-out or anxious or are struggling at work, college or university, or you are overthinking, having panic attacks or relationship issues? Or you need some sexual health counselling or you are a couple who need some support? Talk with me in a safe non-judgemental space.
0115 697 1230 View 0115 697 1230
Photo of Vesna Pivcevic, Counsellor, MBACP
Vesna Pivcevic
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
Not accepting new clients
I am a professionally trained and qualified person-centred counsellor supporting clients with a wide range of issues. Reaching out for help can feel like a big step so I offer a free 15-minute phone consultation to help you to make your decision. Being able to talk about everything that matters to you and feeling truly heard and understood, can help you to ease your burdens and feel able to cope again. I offer both long and short-term counselling, face to face or online.
I am a professionally trained and qualified person-centred counsellor supporting clients with a wide range of issues. Reaching out for help can feel like a big step so I offer a free 15-minute phone consultation to help you to make your decision. Being able to talk about everything that matters to you and feeling truly heard and understood, can help you to ease your burdens and feel able to cope again. I offer both long and short-term counselling, face to face or online.
0115 647 0049 View 0115 647 0049

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Beeston

30+

Average cost per session

£50

Counsellors in Beeston who prioritize treating:

97% Anxiety
97% Self Esteem
94% Depression
90% Stress
84% Relationship Issues
77% Trauma and PTSD
74% Bereavement

Average years in practice

7 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% WPA
50% Cigna and Evernorth
50% Aviva

How Counsellors in Beeston see their clients

90% In Person and Online
10% Online Only

Gender breakdown

86% Female
14% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Beeston?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.