Therapists in Ferndale, MI

Photo of Janae Heaney, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Janae Heaney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220  (Online Only)
There are many components that make up each and every one of us. I believe that by recognizing and addressing mental, physical, social, and spiritual health, one can move towards a whole and healthy life. I have a passion for helping my clients learn new skills, build healthy habits and relationships, and follow their values. Together we develop a space for self-reflection, growth as a unique individual, and build lasting and sustainable changes that will help you live a value-centered life. I utilize techniques and perspectives such as Humanistic, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Mindfulness.
There are many components that make up each and every one of us. I believe that by recognizing and addressing mental, physical, social, and spiritual health, one can move towards a whole and healthy life. I have a passion for helping my clients learn new skills, build healthy habits and relationships, and follow their values. Together we develop a space for self-reflection, growth as a unique individual, and build lasting and sustainable changes that will help you live a value-centered life. I utilize techniques and perspectives such as Humanistic, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Mindfulness.
(248) 247-7914 View (248) 247-7914
Photo of Sarah Elizabeth Dubicki, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Sarah Elizabeth Dubicki
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
You feel the pressure to look like you have it “all together,” but inside you are struggling to feel confident in yourself and your relationships. Struggling with FOMO, feeling like a fraud or a fake, the pressure of social media and saving face, this stage of life has so many challenges. It might be hard to even remember what life was like before you felt this way, but you know there’s hope. You know these problems don’t have to be permanent—you just need some help getting out of your own way. You’re ready to combat the negative self talk, improve your relationships, and work toward the potential you know you have inside of you.
You feel the pressure to look like you have it “all together,” but inside you are struggling to feel confident in yourself and your relationships. Struggling with FOMO, feeling like a fraud or a fake, the pressure of social media and saving face, this stage of life has so many challenges. It might be hard to even remember what life was like before you felt this way, but you know there’s hope. You know these problems don’t have to be permanent—you just need some help getting out of your own way. You’re ready to combat the negative self talk, improve your relationships, and work toward the potential you know you have inside of you.
(616) 254-0607 View (616) 254-0607
Photo of Derrick Martinez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Derrick Martinez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220  (Online Only)
Do you notice yourself avoiding your fears, grief, trauma, social gatherings, or pleasurable activities? Do you wish to overcome these avoidances or feelings of excessive worry? Avoiding these emotions and issues may cause uncontrollable panic or wreak havoc on your day-to-day life, forcing you to engage in other negative or maladaptive behaviors. If your avoidance behaviors are getting in the way of your life, you're in the right place. Together we will practice innovative and creative skills in therapy to overcome waves of emotions, mental breakdowns, overwhelming stress, anxiety, and complex trauma.
Do you notice yourself avoiding your fears, grief, trauma, social gatherings, or pleasurable activities? Do you wish to overcome these avoidances or feelings of excessive worry? Avoiding these emotions and issues may cause uncontrollable panic or wreak havoc on your day-to-day life, forcing you to engage in other negative or maladaptive behaviors. If your avoidance behaviors are getting in the way of your life, you're in the right place. Together we will practice innovative and creative skills in therapy to overcome waves of emotions, mental breakdowns, overwhelming stress, anxiety, and complex trauma.
(231) 225-4479 View (231) 225-4479
Photo of Maria Samayoa, Limited Licensed Psychologist in Ferndale, MI
Maria Samayoa
Limited Licensed Psychologist, TLLP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
I focus on creating a safe and supportive space where you can be seen, heard, and appreciated. I use an interpersonal and collaborative approach to treatment, focusing on creating change in a compassionate and kind way. I believe you are the expert on your own life, and I am here to help navigate challenges that may arise throughout the process.
I focus on creating a safe and supportive space where you can be seen, heard, and appreciated. I use an interpersonal and collaborative approach to treatment, focusing on creating change in a compassionate and kind way. I believe you are the expert on your own life, and I am here to help navigate challenges that may arise throughout the process.
(248) 831-1930 View (248) 831-1930
Photo of Sheila Fay Navidzadeh, Counselor in Ferndale, MI
Sheila Fay Navidzadeh
Counselor, MA, MS, CTRP
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
Taking the first step toward therapy can be challenging. It is also a courageous decision that opens doors to self-discovery and personal transformation. I work with each of my clients to develop personalized treatment plans tailored to their unique needs and circumstances. With a warm, non-judgmental demeanor and a commitment to fostering a safe, supportive therapeutic environment, I create a space where clients can explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences in a confidential and empathetic setting. I provide compassionate, evidence-based care to individuals and couples seeking support for various mental health concerns.
Taking the first step toward therapy can be challenging. It is also a courageous decision that opens doors to self-discovery and personal transformation. I work with each of my clients to develop personalized treatment plans tailored to their unique needs and circumstances. With a warm, non-judgmental demeanor and a commitment to fostering a safe, supportive therapeutic environment, I create a space where clients can explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences in a confidential and empathetic setting. I provide compassionate, evidence-based care to individuals and couples seeking support for various mental health concerns.
(424) 391-3579 View (424) 391-3579
Photo of Madison Broadwell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Madison Broadwell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Are you struggling to find purpose and connection in life? It can be easy to go through the motions of life without taking a chance to check in with yourself. Your mental and emotional health is just as important as your physical health.
Are you struggling to find purpose and connection in life? It can be easy to go through the motions of life without taking a chance to check in with yourself. Your mental and emotional health is just as important as your physical health.
(248) 694-8517 View (248) 694-8517
Photo of Annamaria Silveri, Psychologist in Ferndale, MI
Annamaria Silveri
Psychologist, PhD, LP, RN
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
I engage in a therapeutic relationship with my patients based on a relational psychodynamic approach. Through the means of empathic listening and psychodynamic analysis, I assist my patients in gaining insight and integration of aspects of self and other so as to live a more authentic and intentional life.
I engage in a therapeutic relationship with my patients based on a relational psychodynamic approach. Through the means of empathic listening and psychodynamic analysis, I assist my patients in gaining insight and integration of aspects of self and other so as to live a more authentic and intentional life.
(248) 450-0110 View (248) 450-0110
Photo of Matthew Daher, Counselor in Ferndale, MI
Matthew Daher
Counselor, LLPC
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
I work both individually and in groups with men/boys seeking support exploring how masculine socialization relates to their problems, and cultivating healthier masculinity to heal themselves, their interpersonal relationships, and patriarchal systems of gender-based oppression in their communities. I also work with a variety of clients of different backgrounds and experiences looking for a therapist with an anti-oppressive lens, who will regard the client as the expert on their life and experiences, and see their struggles in the integrated context of the personal, cultural, and universal levels of their human experience.
I work both individually and in groups with men/boys seeking support exploring how masculine socialization relates to their problems, and cultivating healthier masculinity to heal themselves, their interpersonal relationships, and patriarchal systems of gender-based oppression in their communities. I also work with a variety of clients of different backgrounds and experiences looking for a therapist with an anti-oppressive lens, who will regard the client as the expert on their life and experiences, and see their struggles in the integrated context of the personal, cultural, and universal levels of their human experience.
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Photo of Dominique A Hamilton ( Not Accepting New Clients Until 3-2024), Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Dominique A Hamilton ( Not Accepting New Clients Until 3-2024)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
Not accepting new clients
Throughout the course of our lives we will all experience life events that may cause stress, trauma or even grief. As a result of these events, it’s natural for them to weigh heavily on your mental and emotional well being. It is also very common to feel as if your life is unraveling and that you have no way of piecing things back together. With a concentration on Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Strength Based treatments, and Trauma Informed Care I strive to assist clients with mapping out their own unique journey to healing.
Throughout the course of our lives we will all experience life events that may cause stress, trauma or even grief. As a result of these events, it’s natural for them to weigh heavily on your mental and emotional well being. It is also very common to feel as if your life is unraveling and that you have no way of piecing things back together. With a concentration on Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Strength Based treatments, and Trauma Informed Care I strive to assist clients with mapping out their own unique journey to healing.
(248) 712-3405 View (248) 712-3405
Photo of Michael T Carroll, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Michael T Carroll
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Not accepting new clients
Our emotional landscapes are frequently influenced by past experiences, challenges, or traumas. Inner struggles might manifest as anxiety or depression. Perhaps it's simply a sense that something isn't quite right. Addressing challenging emotions or experiences can lead to healthier coping mechanisms. One's personal history often shapes their present emotional state. By navigating painful experiences from the past and present, individuals can develop resilience.
Our emotional landscapes are frequently influenced by past experiences, challenges, or traumas. Inner struggles might manifest as anxiety or depression. Perhaps it's simply a sense that something isn't quite right. Addressing challenging emotions or experiences can lead to healthier coping mechanisms. One's personal history often shapes their present emotional state. By navigating painful experiences from the past and present, individuals can develop resilience.
(248) 422-0190 View (248) 422-0190
Photo of Stacy Bowman-Henry, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ferndale, MI
Stacy Bowman-Henry
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220  (Online Only)
Everyone has times they feel “stuck” or overwhelmed. You might be anxious, sad, overwhelmed, isolating, using drugs and/or surrounding yourself with negative people and not sure how to break this “cycle.” Counseling can help you move forward and assist you with relearning new coping skills to break the cycle of self-sabotage. We will process past traumas. I will help you learn new techniques to utilize when you’re faced with a trigger. Imagine not feeling alone anymore. I will walk with you, so, you BECOME your most authentic self!
Everyone has times they feel “stuck” or overwhelmed. You might be anxious, sad, overwhelmed, isolating, using drugs and/or surrounding yourself with negative people and not sure how to break this “cycle.” Counseling can help you move forward and assist you with relearning new coping skills to break the cycle of self-sabotage. We will process past traumas. I will help you learn new techniques to utilize when you’re faced with a trigger. Imagine not feeling alone anymore. I will walk with you, so, you BECOME your most authentic self!
(248) 573-3948 View (248) 573-3948
Photo of Lolitia Medley - The Positive Changes Counselor, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ferndale, MI
Lolitia Medley - The Positive Changes Counselor
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220  (Online Only)
As a professional counselor, I am a natural advocate who yearns to help people overcome life's many challenges. I am here to assist those who are struggling with things such as sexual abuse, trauma, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, anger, grief, relationship issues, and many other things. It is my greatest desire to help you work through these lingering issues and make positive CHANGES in your life. As the great Maya Angelou once said, “If you don’t like something, CHANGE it.”
As a professional counselor, I am a natural advocate who yearns to help people overcome life's many challenges. I am here to assist those who are struggling with things such as sexual abuse, trauma, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, anger, grief, relationship issues, and many other things. It is my greatest desire to help you work through these lingering issues and make positive CHANGES in your life. As the great Maya Angelou once said, “If you don’t like something, CHANGE it.”
(248) 306-8784 View (248) 306-8784
Photo of Nicole Massoud, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Nicole Massoud
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
I was initially inspired to become a therapist after witnessing firsthand the positive effects of mental healthcare. As an experienced therapist today, I have worked with a wide range of ages and presenting issues. My skills are the sharpest when working with clients who may be struggling with self-esteem, interpersonal conflict, and mood disorders. I help clients connect the dots to understand the root of their issues, and help them identify tangible steps they can take to improve their quality of life.
I was initially inspired to become a therapist after witnessing firsthand the positive effects of mental healthcare. As an experienced therapist today, I have worked with a wide range of ages and presenting issues. My skills are the sharpest when working with clients who may be struggling with self-esteem, interpersonal conflict, and mood disorders. I help clients connect the dots to understand the root of their issues, and help them identify tangible steps they can take to improve their quality of life.
(248) 965-5955 View (248) 965-5955
Photo of Madeline Spencer, Pre-Licensed Professional in Ferndale, MI
Madeline Spencer
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Are you feeling overwhelmed in your daily life? Therapy can help put those thoughts and feelings at ease. I help individuals explore their emotions, learn to communicate them, and how to regulate them effectively. The ideal client is looking to gain clarity about their symptoms and feelings. Our time together will be intentional and beneficial. I work with all adults and adolescents, but especially love working with adolescents (12-18), parents, and anyone in the prenatal and postpartum realm. I primarily work with clients that need support with anxiety, depression, life transitions, parenting, and prenatal/postpartum concerns.
Are you feeling overwhelmed in your daily life? Therapy can help put those thoughts and feelings at ease. I help individuals explore their emotions, learn to communicate them, and how to regulate them effectively. The ideal client is looking to gain clarity about their symptoms and feelings. Our time together will be intentional and beneficial. I work with all adults and adolescents, but especially love working with adolescents (12-18), parents, and anyone in the prenatal and postpartum realm. I primarily work with clients that need support with anxiety, depression, life transitions, parenting, and prenatal/postpartum concerns.
(248) 983-0044 View (248) 983-0044
Photo of Nosa Obaseki, Limited Licensed Psychologist in Ferndale, MI
Nosa Obaseki
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, TLLP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Not accepting new clients
Are you dealing with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, relationship issues, work-related stress, or a difficult life transition? Life can be difficult and sometimes you encounter obstacles that are overwhelming, or you feel under-equipped to handle. You may be struggling and feel like you are alone, but I am here to help. I believe that therapy should be a collaborative experience between the client and the therapist. Therapy is a journey of self-discovery, understanding and acceptance. My job as a therapist is to be your guide on this journey, providing you with the tools to help you become the best version of yourself.
Are you dealing with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, relationship issues, work-related stress, or a difficult life transition? Life can be difficult and sometimes you encounter obstacles that are overwhelming, or you feel under-equipped to handle. You may be struggling and feel like you are alone, but I am here to help. I believe that therapy should be a collaborative experience between the client and the therapist. Therapy is a journey of self-discovery, understanding and acceptance. My job as a therapist is to be your guide on this journey, providing you with the tools to help you become the best version of yourself.
(248) 278-0788 View (248) 278-0788
Photo of Hope Marie Doucet, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Hope Marie Doucet
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Not accepting new clients
What dreams do you want to manifest? What does your inner child want you to know? What parts of yourself want to be awakened? The prolonged impacts of trauma can feel like looking into a distorted mirror and wondering, "Who am I?" Wherever you are in life, I meet you with guidance to empower you to reject a false self so that your true self is accepted. Accepting yourself may mean accepting your feelings, identity, perspective, values, and authentic inner nature! I believe you have the power within to manifest changes in your unique reality. I primarily work with LGBTQ+ people, trauma survivors, children, youth, and young adults.
What dreams do you want to manifest? What does your inner child want you to know? What parts of yourself want to be awakened? The prolonged impacts of trauma can feel like looking into a distorted mirror and wondering, "Who am I?" Wherever you are in life, I meet you with guidance to empower you to reject a false self so that your true self is accepted. Accepting yourself may mean accepting your feelings, identity, perspective, values, and authentic inner nature! I believe you have the power within to manifest changes in your unique reality. I primarily work with LGBTQ+ people, trauma survivors, children, youth, and young adults.
(248) 213-8618 View (248) 213-8618
Photo of Jordan Reynolds, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Jordan Reynolds
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Perhaps you are feeling unfulfilled, troubled with uncertainties, or having difficulty finding ways to cope. I am passionate about supporting you through these overwhelming times. I utilize a strengths-based approach that will empower you to reach your goals and live a more satisfying life. I view therapy as a unique experience that is tailored to fit every individual. Together we will find what works best for you.
Perhaps you are feeling unfulfilled, troubled with uncertainties, or having difficulty finding ways to cope. I am passionate about supporting you through these overwhelming times. I utilize a strengths-based approach that will empower you to reach your goals and live a more satisfying life. I view therapy as a unique experience that is tailored to fit every individual. Together we will find what works best for you.
(248) 218-9571 View (248) 218-9571
Photo of Taline Ruth Muskat, Limited Licensed Psychologist in Ferndale, MI
Taline Ruth Muskat
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MS, LLP
Verified Verified
Ferndale, MI 48220
Life has it's ups and downs, stress, and challenges for all of us. Sometimes we need a neutral person to help us sort through our thoughts and feelings and identify our true needs, desires, and goals. When we have support and an increased insight into ourselves and others, we are better equipped to face even the most difficult challenges.
Life has it's ups and downs, stress, and challenges for all of us. Sometimes we need a neutral person to help us sort through our thoughts and feelings and identify our true needs, desires, and goals. When we have support and an increased insight into ourselves and others, we are better equipped to face even the most difficult challenges.
(248) 965-5991 View (248) 965-5991
Photo of Claudia Cacciato, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Claudia Cacciato
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CAADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
My area of experience and expertise is in helping you to reduce symptoms and suffering. I believe that through a therapy approach that focuses on learning about oneself, problem-solving, and empowerment, personal growth and overcoming obstacles is very possible. I have worked as a psychotherapist for over 10 years, (and in the social services industry for about 25 years), with consumers from many backgrounds, and with a wide range of mental health issues. Currently at Start My Wellness I am primarily working with adults and children/adolescents from age 13 and up.
My area of experience and expertise is in helping you to reduce symptoms and suffering. I believe that through a therapy approach that focuses on learning about oneself, problem-solving, and empowerment, personal growth and overcoming obstacles is very possible. I have worked as a psychotherapist for over 10 years, (and in the social services industry for about 25 years), with consumers from many backgrounds, and with a wide range of mental health issues. Currently at Start My Wellness I am primarily working with adults and children/adolescents from age 13 and up.
(248) 290-6993 View (248) 290-6993
Photo of Mariena Celene Jones, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ferndale, MI
Mariena Celene Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ferndale, MI 48220
Waitlist for new clients
When life feels overwhelming, hard to navigate, or burdensome, therapy can offer a consistent and safe environment of support. I believe in integrating all aspects of the individual into the therapeutic experience to view challenges through a holistic approach. You are a full spectrum person, and by incorporating the body, spirit, and mind in therapy, we can work together to develop an improved quality of life and achieve your goals. As your therapist it is important to me to develop a collaborative and trusting relationship with you, serving as the foundation for growth. I believe in therapy as a support to feel confident and free.
When life feels overwhelming, hard to navigate, or burdensome, therapy can offer a consistent and safe environment of support. I believe in integrating all aspects of the individual into the therapeutic experience to view challenges through a holistic approach. You are a full spectrum person, and by incorporating the body, spirit, and mind in therapy, we can work together to develop an improved quality of life and achieve your goals. As your therapist it is important to me to develop a collaborative and trusting relationship with you, serving as the foundation for growth. I believe in therapy as a support to feel confident and free.
(248) 846-1628 View (248) 846-1628

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Ferndale, MI

300+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Ferndale, MI who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
91% Depression
84% Self Esteem
80% Relationship Issues
78% Stress
77% Trauma and PTSD
72% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

94% BlueCross and BlueShield
63% Aetna
62% Blue Care Network

How Therapists in Ferndale, MI see their clients

65% In Person and Online
35% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
17% Male
5% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Ferndale?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.