Photo of Jonah Mishaan - Jonah Mishaan•Anxiety•Substance Use•Trauma•Couples, LMHC, CASAC, MA, Counselor
Jonah Mishaan•Anxiety•Substance Use•Trauma•Couples
Counselor, LMHC, CASAC, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10024
Is anxiety, depression, or problem drinking getting in the way of your personal or professional success? Does constant worry keep you from falling asleep? Is your relationship in trouble? In therapy, you can gain calm, balance, and motivation. You can heal from trauma and acquire coping skills that you can apply to live a better, more meaningful life. Your past does not have to control your future. Get free from negative patterns, find harmony, and cultivate meaningful change. You can achieve sustained healing by defusing the underlying issues that power your difficulties. Reach out now.
Is anxiety, depression, or problem drinking getting in the way of your personal or professional success? Does constant worry keep you from falling asleep? Is your relationship in trouble? In therapy, you can gain calm, balance, and motivation. You can heal from trauma and acquire coping skills that you can apply to live a better, more meaningful life. Your past does not have to control your future. Get free from negative patterns, find harmony, and cultivate meaningful change. You can achieve sustained healing by defusing the underlying issues that power your difficulties. Reach out now.
(347) 970-5187 View (347) 970-5187
Photo of Angela Bae, LCSW, MSW, EMDR, RYT-200, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Angela Bae
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW, EMDR, RYT-200
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024  (Online Only)
I have seen different ways people feel about "therapy," but when we are going through something tough, we could all use someone to talk to. Therapy is your private, trusted space for taking an honest, deeper look at what is going on in your life and within yourself. In this safe space, we work collaboratively to explore your relationship styles, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that may be helpful, or getting in the way. We all have a built-in compass within us that encourages and guides us towards "who we are meant to be." The insights generated in therapy can help us make moves towards a healthier, happier life.
I have seen different ways people feel about "therapy," but when we are going through something tough, we could all use someone to talk to. Therapy is your private, trusted space for taking an honest, deeper look at what is going on in your life and within yourself. In this safe space, we work collaboratively to explore your relationship styles, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that may be helpful, or getting in the way. We all have a built-in compass within us that encourages and guides us towards "who we are meant to be." The insights generated in therapy can help us make moves towards a healthier, happier life.
(646) 832-2735 View (646) 832-2735
Photo of Hillary Leigh Perlman, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Hillary Leigh Perlman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10024
My goal as a therapist is to create a safe and supportive space to help you to find a greater sense of purpose and trust your unique wisdom. I work collaboratively with individuals and couples to confront issues including trauma, anxiety, depression, sexual dysfunction, domestic violence, physical/sexual abuse, complicated grief, sexuality and gender issues, major life changes and chronic health issues including HIV/AIDS. I have experience working with diverse groups and weave an anti-oppressive stance into my understanding of complex issues.
My goal as a therapist is to create a safe and supportive space to help you to find a greater sense of purpose and trust your unique wisdom. I work collaboratively with individuals and couples to confront issues including trauma, anxiety, depression, sexual dysfunction, domestic violence, physical/sexual abuse, complicated grief, sexuality and gender issues, major life changes and chronic health issues including HIV/AIDS. I have experience working with diverse groups and weave an anti-oppressive stance into my understanding of complex issues.
(512) 957-3702 View (512) 957-3702
Photo of Chris Dolin, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Chris Dolin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
My social work education and continuing teaching in the field commit me to an eclectic approach to psychotherapy. What does that mean to you? While I lean toward the object relations and intersubjectivist schools, it means I'm listening to you and thinking about you not simply through these (or other) theoretical lenses, but as the person you are and the situation you're in. It means that I view the relationship we form together as the basis for the changes you want to make in your life.
My social work education and continuing teaching in the field commit me to an eclectic approach to psychotherapy. What does that mean to you? While I lean toward the object relations and intersubjectivist schools, it means I'm listening to you and thinking about you not simply through these (or other) theoretical lenses, but as the person you are and the situation you're in. It means that I view the relationship we form together as the basis for the changes you want to make in your life.
(646) 583-2070 View (646) 583-2070
Photo of Nancy Serling, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nancy Serling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
My private practice offers a warm, caring place to build skills and enhance personal growth. Therapy is a guided process of self-discovery that leads to the development and strengthening of new, healthier thoughts and behaviors. Our goals are determined by your needs. As we figure them out together, I will pay attention to your strengths and life experiences. Culture, ethnicity, sexuality, are important components, informing values and priorities. My style is down-to-earth and supportive, with active listening and feedback being essential ways for you to feel understood.
My private practice offers a warm, caring place to build skills and enhance personal growth. Therapy is a guided process of self-discovery that leads to the development and strengthening of new, healthier thoughts and behaviors. Our goals are determined by your needs. As we figure them out together, I will pay attention to your strengths and life experiences. Culture, ethnicity, sexuality, are important components, informing values and priorities. My style is down-to-earth and supportive, with active listening and feedback being essential ways for you to feel understood.
(646) 760-8555 View (646) 760-8555
Photo of Stephen H Snyder, PhD, Psychologist
Stephen H Snyder
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
I am an experienced and flexible psychologist/psychoanalyst who has been practicing for over 30 years. I find if my patients give treatment a chance, they usually have good results, that is, they have significantly greater control over their lives and problems (e.g. anxiety, depression, OCD, inter-personal problems, etc.). I accept Insurance, and my fees are adjusted to Income.
I am an experienced and flexible psychologist/psychoanalyst who has been practicing for over 30 years. I find if my patients give treatment a chance, they usually have good results, that is, they have significantly greater control over their lives and problems (e.g. anxiety, depression, OCD, inter-personal problems, etc.). I accept Insurance, and my fees are adjusted to Income.
(646) 606-2478 View (646) 606-2478
Photo of Graziella Wilkins, MHC-LP
Graziella Wilkins
MHC-LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10024  (Online Only)
In a world where daily stressors and anxiety can make us feel overwhelmed and unsure, we often feel lost or do not know where to start. Sometimes, one of the hardest decisions to make is to start therapy. That alone can be overwhelming, on top of what has already brought you to this decision. Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, life transitions, and self-esteem issues? Are you looking for some relief from mental health concerns or guidance in personal growth?  Everyone has a story that deserves to be heard. Every chapter, even the difficult ones, should be met with understanding and an open mind.
In a world where daily stressors and anxiety can make us feel overwhelmed and unsure, we often feel lost or do not know where to start. Sometimes, one of the hardest decisions to make is to start therapy. That alone can be overwhelming, on top of what has already brought you to this decision. Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, life transitions, and self-esteem issues? Are you looking for some relief from mental health concerns or guidance in personal growth?  Everyone has a story that deserves to be heard. Every chapter, even the difficult ones, should be met with understanding and an open mind.
(646) 825-6569 View (646) 825-6569
Photo of Ginger Rollert, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ginger Rollert
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
Good therapy can produce long lasting life changes. Although shifts in behavior and emotions can take time, even in the short term there can be immediate relief. I see the relationship between the patient and therapist as central to a positive outcome. Although we are all infinitely diverse and complex, collectively we seek to be understood. I listen with curiosity and empathy to understand each individual's unique experience. In treatment I create an atmosphere of trust where together we can identify your strengths, find practical solutions to problems and unfold underlying vulnerabilities that are obstacles to your experience of a rich and fulfilling life.
Good therapy can produce long lasting life changes. Although shifts in behavior and emotions can take time, even in the short term there can be immediate relief. I see the relationship between the patient and therapist as central to a positive outcome. Although we are all infinitely diverse and complex, collectively we seek to be understood. I listen with curiosity and empathy to understand each individual's unique experience. In treatment I create an atmosphere of trust where together we can identify your strengths, find practical solutions to problems and unfold underlying vulnerabilities that are obstacles to your experience of a rich and fulfilling life.
(917) 924-3913 View (917) 924-3913
Photo of Dorothy Yang, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dorothy Yang
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024  (Online Only)
Are you looking for an empathic & attentive listener? If you have felt anxious, stuck, or depressed, I would be happy to help you work through these challenging feelings with compassion and care. These feelings can contribute to difficulty focusing and concentrating, and impact your relationships both with family and at work. I am an experienced psychotherapist who has worked with people of all ages and across a broad spectrum of problems. I will work with you to feel freer, and to make choices that will bring more satisfaction and fulfillment to your life.
Are you looking for an empathic & attentive listener? If you have felt anxious, stuck, or depressed, I would be happy to help you work through these challenging feelings with compassion and care. These feelings can contribute to difficulty focusing and concentrating, and impact your relationships both with family and at work. I am an experienced psychotherapist who has worked with people of all ages and across a broad spectrum of problems. I will work with you to feel freer, and to make choices that will bring more satisfaction and fulfillment to your life.
(646) 392-7377 View (646) 392-7377
Photo of Carlos Ortiz Rea, LMHC, MSEd, MS, JD, Counselor
Carlos Ortiz Rea
Counselor, LMHC, MSEd, MS, JD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
My professional expertise is primarily rooted on establishing a positive rapport with the client. The individual's needs are of paramount importance when trying to establish said connection. I don't believe much in theoretical concepts but rather in how the dynamics are presented between the dyad when processing and dealing with sensitive personal issues, which ultimately may help us to develop a stage of psychological balance and emotional fulfillment.
My professional expertise is primarily rooted on establishing a positive rapport with the client. The individual's needs are of paramount importance when trying to establish said connection. I don't believe much in theoretical concepts but rather in how the dynamics are presented between the dyad when processing and dealing with sensitive personal issues, which ultimately may help us to develop a stage of psychological balance and emotional fulfillment.
(646) 699-3066 View (646) 699-3066
Photo of Peter B Zimmermann, PhD, LP, Licensed Psychoanalyst
Peter B Zimmermann
Licensed Psychoanalyst, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
If you are looking for someone with a deep understanding of life, our sorrow and joys, our anxieties and dreads, and our yearnings and hopes, you have come to the right person.
If you are looking for someone with a deep understanding of life, our sorrow and joys, our anxieties and dreads, and our yearnings and hopes, you have come to the right person.
(917) 905-9717 View (917) 905-9717
Photo of Hadassah Ramin, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Hadassah Ramin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
Have you been experiencing anxiety, depression, creative block, or have struggled to establish satisfying work and love relationships?  If you are curios about the workings of the mind and wish to gain insight into long-standing maladaptive patterns that have interfered with achieving your goals, then perhaps it is time to seek professional help. I have over 30 years of experience working with individuals from diverse backgrounds. I focus on adapting the treatment modality to fit your needs, paying close attention to cultural differences. Whether psychoanalysis or psychotherapy, it is a joint endeavor between therapist and client.
Have you been experiencing anxiety, depression, creative block, or have struggled to establish satisfying work and love relationships?  If you are curios about the workings of the mind and wish to gain insight into long-standing maladaptive patterns that have interfered with achieving your goals, then perhaps it is time to seek professional help. I have over 30 years of experience working with individuals from diverse backgrounds. I focus on adapting the treatment modality to fit your needs, paying close attention to cultural differences. Whether psychoanalysis or psychotherapy, it is a joint endeavor between therapist and client.
(646) 679-7892 View (646) 679-7892
Photo of Willann Stone, PhD, Psychologist
Willann Stone
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
I am a New York State licensed clinical psychologist and have been in private practice for over 25 years. I have extensive experience working with issues related to anxiety, depression, trauma, chronic pain, illness, and loss. In addition to my private practice I have been the Director of Psychological and Neuropsychological Services in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine at Jacobi Medical Center and North Central Bronx Hospital in New York City for the past 25 years.
I am a New York State licensed clinical psychologist and have been in private practice for over 25 years. I have extensive experience working with issues related to anxiety, depression, trauma, chronic pain, illness, and loss. In addition to my private practice I have been the Director of Psychological and Neuropsychological Services in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine at Jacobi Medical Center and North Central Bronx Hospital in New York City for the past 25 years.
(646) 768-0889 View (646) 768-0889
Photo of Charles M Rosen, LCSW, FIPA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Charles M Rosen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, FIPA
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
I provide a safe and professional environment for working together. I address with my patients troubling issues such as anxiety, depression, loss, trauma, stress, self-defeating behaviors, lack of self confidence/self-esteem, issues of sexuality and gender identity and work/relationship problems. My approach is analytically informed but tailored to the individual. I have excellent training and over 30 years experience, and supervise and teach at a major psychoanalytic institute. With the help of our therapeutic relationship and process I hope to help my patients face and cope with difficult thoughts/feelings and enact major changes in their lives.
I provide a safe and professional environment for working together. I address with my patients troubling issues such as anxiety, depression, loss, trauma, stress, self-defeating behaviors, lack of self confidence/self-esteem, issues of sexuality and gender identity and work/relationship problems. My approach is analytically informed but tailored to the individual. I have excellent training and over 30 years experience, and supervise and teach at a major psychoanalytic institute. With the help of our therapeutic relationship and process I hope to help my patients face and cope with difficult thoughts/feelings and enact major changes in their lives.
(646) 846-7871 View (646) 846-7871
Photo of Jordana Lobell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jordana Lobell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10024  (Online Only)
In my practice I provide individual therapy to adults. I help clients to navigate life’s challenges with a focus on improving communication, coping skills, self confidence and inner peace. At my core I am a genuine, patient and compassionate person and I cherish the ability to join with clients to ease their pain and grow into the best version of themselves. I have worked extensively with mood disorders and bereavement and feel especially comfortable in guiding clients through these difficult experiences. Reach out today to see if we would be a good fit!
In my practice I provide individual therapy to adults. I help clients to navigate life’s challenges with a focus on improving communication, coping skills, self confidence and inner peace. At my core I am a genuine, patient and compassionate person and I cherish the ability to join with clients to ease their pain and grow into the best version of themselves. I have worked extensively with mood disorders and bereavement and feel especially comfortable in guiding clients through these difficult experiences. Reach out today to see if we would be a good fit!
(516) 518-6325 View (516) 518-6325
Photo of Ronnit Nazarian, PsyD, Psychologist
Ronnit Nazarian
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist who specializes in the treatment of anxiety disorders, depression, and relationship difficulties in children, adolescents, and adults. I also have expertise in substance use and addiction (e.g, alcohol, cocaine, opioids, porn, social media, marijuana) and focus on understanding and treating the underlying disorders (e.g., anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder) that drive the addiction. Many of my clients seek treatment because they are having difficulty connecting socially, managing busy daily commitments, asserting needs to others, and becoming motivated to accomplish goals.
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist who specializes in the treatment of anxiety disorders, depression, and relationship difficulties in children, adolescents, and adults. I also have expertise in substance use and addiction (e.g, alcohol, cocaine, opioids, porn, social media, marijuana) and focus on understanding and treating the underlying disorders (e.g., anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder) that drive the addiction. Many of my clients seek treatment because they are having difficulty connecting socially, managing busy daily commitments, asserting needs to others, and becoming motivated to accomplish goals.
(914) 639-5717 View (914) 639-5717
Photo of Cynthia Field, PhD, Psychologist
Cynthia Field
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
I am a down to earth, engaging psychologist who believes that people are shaped by their relationships and life experiences. I work to create a safe haven where we can explore your difficulties and find ways to improve your life. Previously, I served as the Director of Clinical Services at the William Alanson White Institute and taught at Fordham.
I am a down to earth, engaging psychologist who believes that people are shaped by their relationships and life experiences. I work to create a safe haven where we can explore your difficulties and find ways to improve your life. Previously, I served as the Director of Clinical Services at the William Alanson White Institute and taught at Fordham.
(646) 386-2132 View (646) 386-2132
Photo of Evi Robinson Trauma Emdr Ifs Therapist, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Evi Robinson Trauma Emdr Ifs Therapist
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10024  (Online Only)
Through my experience as a therapist, I have learned that asking stimulating questions in a trusting, safe, non-judgmental space empowers people to process past experiences and understand how that history impacts relationships and decision-making today. My approach to therapy is focused on a positive and collaborative therapeutic relationship and my belief that everyone has the ability to conquer their fears and overcome hardships.
Through my experience as a therapist, I have learned that asking stimulating questions in a trusting, safe, non-judgmental space empowers people to process past experiences and understand how that history impacts relationships and decision-making today. My approach to therapy is focused on a positive and collaborative therapeutic relationship and my belief that everyone has the ability to conquer their fears and overcome hardships.
(347) 537-4761 View (347) 537-4761
Photo of Lauren Knopf, PhD, Psychologist
Lauren Knopf
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
Waitlist for new clients
I see my role as helping people increase awareness of entrenched interpersonal and cognitive patterns that are preventing them from engaging fully with themselves, others, and their life activities. Therapy provides a safe and supportive environment for people to try out new ways of thinking, feeling and relating that will lead to more fulfilling lives. I particularly enjoy working with teens and young adults who are at the beginning of their life journeys in developing their sense of self, independence and identity.
I see my role as helping people increase awareness of entrenched interpersonal and cognitive patterns that are preventing them from engaging fully with themselves, others, and their life activities. Therapy provides a safe and supportive environment for people to try out new ways of thinking, feeling and relating that will lead to more fulfilling lives. I particularly enjoy working with teens and young adults who are at the beginning of their life journeys in developing their sense of self, independence and identity.
(718) 757-1226 View (718) 757-1226
Photo of Maria Lakis, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Maria Lakis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
I work with all ages, but specialize in children, adolescents and young adults. My approach is eclectic, grounded in a psychodynamic orientation that utilizes a variety of tools, tailored to individual needs. My clients and I work toward goals in a non-judgmental atmosphere of empathy and understanding. Some issues I have been able to help people with are: relationship problems, depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, life transitions, self esteem, parenting, childhood issues such as separation anxiety, behavior and school problems, ADD, adoption, and divorce. I also have experience with artists and the issues they face. Therapy makes positive change!
I work with all ages, but specialize in children, adolescents and young adults. My approach is eclectic, grounded in a psychodynamic orientation that utilizes a variety of tools, tailored to individual needs. My clients and I work toward goals in a non-judgmental atmosphere of empathy and understanding. Some issues I have been able to help people with are: relationship problems, depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, life transitions, self esteem, parenting, childhood issues such as separation anxiety, behavior and school problems, ADD, adoption, and divorce. I also have experience with artists and the issues they face. Therapy makes positive change!
(646) 461-4323 View (646) 461-4323
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 10024

1,000+

Average cost per session

$225

Therapists in 10024 who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
91% Depression
87% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
65% Grief
65% Trauma and PTSD
61% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

17 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aetna
55% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
50% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 10024 see their clients

70% In Person and Online
30% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 10024?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.