Therapists in Norman, OK

Photo of Debbie Smith, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Debbie Smith
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
I am currently only seeing clients online. Sometimes life isn't fair and feels like someone changed the rules midway or the rules are somehow different for others besides you. Talking with friends helps some but they mostly agree that it isn't fair and that's not much help. Whether it's trouble in your relationships or past hurts, there is help and hope for peace.
I am currently only seeing clients online. Sometimes life isn't fair and feels like someone changed the rules midway or the rules are somehow different for others besides you. Talking with friends helps some but they mostly agree that it isn't fair and that's not much help. Whether it's trouble in your relationships or past hurts, there is help and hope for peace.
(405) 310-0972 View (405) 310-0972
Photo of Brian Michael, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brian Michael
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Norman, OK 73072
Not accepting new clients
Many of the clients I work with are trying to manage problems that cannot be solved easily, if at all. A common refrain I hear as the end of treatment approaches is, “My problems haven’t changed, but I have.” Much of my work has been with older adults that are overwhelmed with multiple issues. The aging process, changes with health, changes in roles within the family, the loss of loved ones, a world and options that are constantly shrinking. These are typically not life-events that we are well prepared to navigate alone.
Many of the clients I work with are trying to manage problems that cannot be solved easily, if at all. A common refrain I hear as the end of treatment approaches is, “My problems haven’t changed, but I have.” Much of my work has been with older adults that are overwhelmed with multiple issues. The aging process, changes with health, changes in roles within the family, the loss of loved ones, a world and options that are constantly shrinking. These are typically not life-events that we are well prepared to navigate alone.
(405) 251-8593 View (405) 251-8593
Photo of Allan L Dupuis, MEd, LPC, LADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Allan L Dupuis
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, LADC
Verified Verified
Norman, OK 73072
Waitlist for new clients
One of the biggest obstacles that we have to deal with is change. But what is interesting is that we go through some type of change every moment, from a psychological, emotional or physical experience. I believe that in order to deal with life changing events, we have to learn how to adapt in a manner that provides the least amount of discomfort. And because we are unique, there are no perfect therapeutic techniques or procedures that makes us change. If the desire to change is present, either from an internal or external perspective, we have the ability to adapt.
One of the biggest obstacles that we have to deal with is change. But what is interesting is that we go through some type of change every moment, from a psychological, emotional or physical experience. I believe that in order to deal with life changing events, we have to learn how to adapt in a manner that provides the least amount of discomfort. And because we are unique, there are no perfect therapeutic techniques or procedures that makes us change. If the desire to change is present, either from an internal or external perspective, we have the ability to adapt.
(405) 551-8105 View (405) 551-8105
Photo of Ashley Hunt, MHR, LPC, ATR, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ashley Hunt
Licensed Professional Counselor, MHR, LPC, ATR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Norman, OK 73069
I enjoy welcoming people into my office space, I encourage visitors to feel safe and relaxed. I find it interesting to hear a persons story and rewarding to help them feel better. I have a positive outlook and encourage solution focused thinking. I have worked with many types of trauma from returning veterans to grief and loss, to sexual abuse. Finding unique coping skills for persons who have developed anxiety and depression is a specialty of mine. I feel best when a person discovers a truth about themselves and feels the understanding and relief this brings.
I enjoy welcoming people into my office space, I encourage visitors to feel safe and relaxed. I find it interesting to hear a persons story and rewarding to help them feel better. I have a positive outlook and encourage solution focused thinking. I have worked with many types of trauma from returning veterans to grief and loss, to sexual abuse. Finding unique coping skills for persons who have developed anxiety and depression is a specialty of mine. I feel best when a person discovers a truth about themselves and feels the understanding and relief this brings.
(405) 267-9769 View (405) 267-9769
Photo of Amber Morgan, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Amber Morgan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Norman, OK 73072
Not accepting new clients
As a therapist, I believe that my role is to support and empower my clients through difficulties and changes in their lives. It is my goal to offer my clients a safe environment in which they are able to explore, discuss, and modify their own challenges, beliefs, and reactions. It is my passion to help others realize their potential and achieve inner peace and psychological wellness through supportive therapy. My clients and I work together to derive powerful meaning from and effective solutions for their challenging experiences.
As a therapist, I believe that my role is to support and empower my clients through difficulties and changes in their lives. It is my goal to offer my clients a safe environment in which they are able to explore, discuss, and modify their own challenges, beliefs, and reactions. It is my passion to help others realize their potential and achieve inner peace and psychological wellness through supportive therapy. My clients and I work together to derive powerful meaning from and effective solutions for their challenging experiences.
(580) 372-2943 View (580) 372-2943
Photo of Kori Zibell, MHR, LADC-MH, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Kori Zibell
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MHR, LADC-MH
Verified Verified
Norman, OK 73072
Addiction and substance abuse can effect anyone. As a Licensed Drug and Alcohol Counselor, I have the privilege of helping those effected by substance abuse and addiction regain their lives and overcome their destructive behavior. I can also help individuals and families with other mental health issues that they're facing such as depression, anxiety and coping skills. After working with children and families for over 20 years I understand how easy it is to feel overwhelmed by day to day struggles and stressful life situations. My goal is to meet clients where they are and help each individual live a more positive, healthy life.
Addiction and substance abuse can effect anyone. As a Licensed Drug and Alcohol Counselor, I have the privilege of helping those effected by substance abuse and addiction regain their lives and overcome their destructive behavior. I can also help individuals and families with other mental health issues that they're facing such as depression, anxiety and coping skills. After working with children and families for over 20 years I understand how easy it is to feel overwhelmed by day to day struggles and stressful life situations. My goal is to meet clients where they are and help each individual live a more positive, healthy life.
(405) 835-6218 View (405) 835-6218
Photo of Amanda Francisco, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amanda Francisco
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Are you feeling stuck and not sure where to go from here? Maybe you are wanting to improve your relationships with others, or even yourself. I aim to create an open, welcoming, and warm space where people can come to talk about the difficult aspects of life. Navigating life is hard enough, you don't have to do it alone.
Are you feeling stuck and not sure where to go from here? Maybe you are wanting to improve your relationships with others, or even yourself. I aim to create an open, welcoming, and warm space where people can come to talk about the difficult aspects of life. Navigating life is hard enough, you don't have to do it alone.
(405) 583-7762 View (405) 583-7762
Brooke Berthiaume
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Norman, OK 73069
My ideal client is someone who has made the courageous decision to prioritize their mental health by seeking counseling. I deeply respect the strength it takes to step forward on this journey, especially in professions where helping others often comes first. In our sessions, I encourage my clients to put their own needs front and center, allowing them the space to express what’s missing in their life and collaborate with me on a plan to make mental wellness a priority. I specialize in trauma therapy for first responders, veterans, and those in the medical field.
My ideal client is someone who has made the courageous decision to prioritize their mental health by seeking counseling. I deeply respect the strength it takes to step forward on this journey, especially in professions where helping others often comes first. In our sessions, I encourage my clients to put their own needs front and center, allowing them the space to express what’s missing in their life and collaborate with me on a plan to make mental wellness a priority. I specialize in trauma therapy for first responders, veterans, and those in the medical field.
(405) 346-0997 View (405) 346-0997
Photo of Kasey Miller, LMSW-P
Kasey Miller
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW-P
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Norman, OK 73069
Hey there! I’m Kasey, a therapist who believes in the power of connection, empathy, and empowerment. My approach is rooted in creating a safe and non-judgmental space where you can explore your emotion, experiences, and aspirations freely. Together, we will work to identify underlying patterns, develop coping strategies, and foster resilience to navigate life's complexities with grace and courage. Whether you are facing difficulties in your personal life, struggling with work-related stress, or seeking guidance through life transitions, I am here to walk alongside you on your path to healing.
Hey there! I’m Kasey, a therapist who believes in the power of connection, empathy, and empowerment. My approach is rooted in creating a safe and non-judgmental space where you can explore your emotion, experiences, and aspirations freely. Together, we will work to identify underlying patterns, develop coping strategies, and foster resilience to navigate life's complexities with grace and courage. Whether you are facing difficulties in your personal life, struggling with work-related stress, or seeking guidance through life transitions, I am here to walk alongside you on your path to healing.
(405) 450-8805 View (405) 450-8805
Photo of Stormy Chase Worster Williams, LPC, LADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Stormy Chase Worster Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Norman, OK 73072
Not accepting new clients
I have worked with adolescents in an inpatient setting for 12 plus years with mental health and substance abuse issues. I have also worked with families to maintain cohesiveness. I have experience working with all types of mental illness and would love to expand working with adolescents and adults with co-occurring issues, relationship stressors, trauma and daily life functionality. I'm also interested in working with adults as well as couples. I will work beside you to help you meet your goals and combat barriers as they become present. I currently accept BCBS, Health Choice, Beacon, Magellan, Tricare and self-pay.
I have worked with adolescents in an inpatient setting for 12 plus years with mental health and substance abuse issues. I have also worked with families to maintain cohesiveness. I have experience working with all types of mental illness and would love to expand working with adolescents and adults with co-occurring issues, relationship stressors, trauma and daily life functionality. I'm also interested in working with adults as well as couples. I will work beside you to help you meet your goals and combat barriers as they become present. I currently accept BCBS, Health Choice, Beacon, Magellan, Tricare and self-pay.
(405) 585-2068 View (405) 585-2068
Photo of Rose W Williams, MHR, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rose W Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, MHR, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Norman, OK 73072
Do you struggle with anxiety, depression, grief, or in a challenging relationship? Do you feel exhausted, overwhelmed by the thought that there is no light at the end of the tunnel? Do you have racing thoughts? Do you want to include a Christian worldview in your therapy? Now, more than ever, men and women are feeling anxious, depressed and overwhelmed about overcoming a difficult relationship, working through a loss and finding their place in life. I want you to know that there is hope, and I would love to help you. Rose Williams is a board certified LPC for 12 years in Oklahoma. She works with adolescents, and adults.
Do you struggle with anxiety, depression, grief, or in a challenging relationship? Do you feel exhausted, overwhelmed by the thought that there is no light at the end of the tunnel? Do you have racing thoughts? Do you want to include a Christian worldview in your therapy? Now, more than ever, men and women are feeling anxious, depressed and overwhelmed about overcoming a difficult relationship, working through a loss and finding their place in life. I want you to know that there is hope, and I would love to help you. Rose Williams is a board certified LPC for 12 years in Oklahoma. She works with adolescents, and adults.
(405) 898-0781 View (405) 898-0781
Photo of Monica Austin, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Monica Austin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you ready for a fresh start in your marriage or relationship? Are you and your partner struggling with communication or feeling distant? I am passionate about helping couples navigate life's challenges by providing tools to help them connect, reconnect, and maintain a strong bond. Through premarital counseling, couples can explore their similarities and differences, working together to create the fulfilling relationship they desire.
Are you ready for a fresh start in your marriage or relationship? Are you and your partner struggling with communication or feeling distant? I am passionate about helping couples navigate life's challenges by providing tools to help them connect, reconnect, and maintain a strong bond. Through premarital counseling, couples can explore their similarities and differences, working together to create the fulfilling relationship they desire.
(405) 213-0235 View (405) 213-0235
Photo of Victoria Ryan, LPC, PC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Victoria Ryan
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, PC
Verified Verified
Norman, OK 73071
We are all shaped by our life experiences. I’m here to tell you that it is safe to heal, be vulnerable and share who you really are deep down inside. Do you ever wonder why you are depressed, quick to anger, or why you always keep people at a distance? Many of us struggle to deal with what we already know is there; what is holding us back or creating harmful patterns in our life. But your subconscious may have buried trauma so deep in you that you can’t even identify it. These traumas, recognized or not, will keep you from living your best life until they are processed or resolved. I can help you with that.
We are all shaped by our life experiences. I’m here to tell you that it is safe to heal, be vulnerable and share who you really are deep down inside. Do you ever wonder why you are depressed, quick to anger, or why you always keep people at a distance? Many of us struggle to deal with what we already know is there; what is holding us back or creating harmful patterns in our life. But your subconscious may have buried trauma so deep in you that you can’t even identify it. These traumas, recognized or not, will keep you from living your best life until they are processed or resolved. I can help you with that.
(405) 927-4378 View (405) 927-4378
Photo of Michael W Vaughn - Substance Abuse Foundation for Education (SAFE), MHR, LADC, LBHP, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Substance Abuse Foundation for Education (SAFE)
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MHR, LADC, LBHP
Verified Verified
Norman, OK 73072
SAFE provides a variety of specialty services including Counseling, DUI-DPS services, Anger Management and other court related assessments in a comfortable, non-judgmental atmosphere that emphasizes respect and extremely competent professionals.
SAFE provides a variety of specialty services including Counseling, DUI-DPS services, Anger Management and other court related assessments in a comfortable, non-judgmental atmosphere that emphasizes respect and extremely competent professionals.
(405) 310-0150 View (405) 310-0150
Photo of John Cloud, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
John Cloud
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Norman, OK 73069
My ideal client is someone who has faced life’s toughest challenges or a series of setbacks and is unsure how to "bounce back." Maybe they’ve made decisions that led them down a path they no longer want to follow. This person knows something needs to change and is ready to take the steps needed to build the life they deserve. In therapy, I see my clients as the experts in their own lives. I’m here to guide and support them as they uncover their full potential and take control of their journey. Together, we work to create meaningful change and a path forward.
My ideal client is someone who has faced life’s toughest challenges or a series of setbacks and is unsure how to "bounce back." Maybe they’ve made decisions that led them down a path they no longer want to follow. This person knows something needs to change and is ready to take the steps needed to build the life they deserve. In therapy, I see my clients as the experts in their own lives. I’m here to guide and support them as they uncover their full potential and take control of their journey. Together, we work to create meaningful change and a path forward.
(405) 363-4526 View (405) 363-4526
Photo of Mandy Mallory, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mandy Mallory
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Norman, OK 73069
Providing Integrative Mental Health services with Mindfulness techniques. Collaborating with each client to identify their specific challenges, values, and their sense of meaning and purpose. I enjoy empowering clients to restructure and reframe their sense of self as well as create goals for their future. I enjoy watching a client's shift in perspective as they learn the art of being kind to themselves and showing themselves grace. I help guide clients through the intricacies of relationships by developing stronger and happier connections by setting healthy boundaries and incorporating healthy self-care routines into their lives.
Providing Integrative Mental Health services with Mindfulness techniques. Collaborating with each client to identify their specific challenges, values, and their sense of meaning and purpose. I enjoy empowering clients to restructure and reframe their sense of self as well as create goals for their future. I enjoy watching a client's shift in perspective as they learn the art of being kind to themselves and showing themselves grace. I help guide clients through the intricacies of relationships by developing stronger and happier connections by setting healthy boundaries and incorporating healthy self-care routines into their lives.
(405) 693-9401 View (405) 693-9401
Photo of Miranda Friedman, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Miranda Friedman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Norman, OK 73069
As a mental health therapist, I'm dedicated to fostering healing and growth in individuals facing life's challenges. With a compassionate approach, I provide a safe space for exploration and healing, utilizing evidence-based practices to address anxiety, depression, trauma, and relationship issues. Together, we'll navigate difficulties, develop coping strategies, and cultivate self-awareness for a more fulfilling life.
As a mental health therapist, I'm dedicated to fostering healing and growth in individuals facing life's challenges. With a compassionate approach, I provide a safe space for exploration and healing, utilizing evidence-based practices to address anxiety, depression, trauma, and relationship issues. Together, we'll navigate difficulties, develop coping strategies, and cultivate self-awareness for a more fulfilling life.
(405) 251-6177 View (405) 251-6177
Photo of Kimbra Roush, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kimbra Roush
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Norman, OK 73069
Not accepting new clients
The focus of my practice involves working with clients of all ages in addressing needs related to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) or Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). I utilize the evidence-based treatments of Exposure & Response Prevention (ERP), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as I assist clients in building upon their strengths. I consider it an honor to partner with individuals and families in meeting their own needs and the needs of their loved ones.
The focus of my practice involves working with clients of all ages in addressing needs related to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) or Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). I utilize the evidence-based treatments of Exposure & Response Prevention (ERP), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as I assist clients in building upon their strengths. I consider it an honor to partner with individuals and families in meeting their own needs and the needs of their loved ones.
(405) 896-3605 View (405) 896-3605
Photo of Cassandra Bournival - Chaos Counseling Kids & Teens, LPC, LMFT, LCSW, Marriage & Family Therapist
Chaos Counseling Kids & Teens
Marriage & Family Therapist, LPC, LMFT, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Norman, OK 73072
Openings! At Chaos Counseling, we totally get that life can throw some serious challenges your way, and it can feel like a lot to handle. If you're dealing with anxiety, depression, trauma, neurodiversity, school struggles, or family conflict, we’re here for it! We're here to offer you a safe and welcoming space where you can share what you're experiencing, explore your feelings, and discover some practical strategies to make your day-to-day life a bit easier. We're here to embrace life's wonderful chaos, so feel free to reach out! We have providers to match all sorts of personalities.
Openings! At Chaos Counseling, we totally get that life can throw some serious challenges your way, and it can feel like a lot to handle. If you're dealing with anxiety, depression, trauma, neurodiversity, school struggles, or family conflict, we’re here for it! We're here to offer you a safe and welcoming space where you can share what you're experiencing, explore your feelings, and discover some practical strategies to make your day-to-day life a bit easier. We're here to embrace life's wonderful chaos, so feel free to reach out! We have providers to match all sorts of personalities.
(405) 452-8972 View (405) 452-8972
Photo of Marissa Wright Yeaman, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Marissa Wright Yeaman
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Norman, OK 73072
Waitlist for new clients
FULL at this time- I enjoy working with clients of various backgrounds and life circumstances. I am willing to work alongside anyone who is ready to connect with themselves, challenge themselves, and to grow into the person they desire to be. I believe it is important to look into the past, find acceptance, and heal to move forward. I feel it is important to identify and process triggers to reasons for treatment such as: anxiety, relationship conflict, S.A, depression, etc. Once my clients are able to identify the triggers to these feelings it is much easier to then explore and commit to using coping mechanisms to feel better.
FULL at this time- I enjoy working with clients of various backgrounds and life circumstances. I am willing to work alongside anyone who is ready to connect with themselves, challenge themselves, and to grow into the person they desire to be. I believe it is important to look into the past, find acceptance, and heal to move forward. I feel it is important to identify and process triggers to reasons for treatment such as: anxiety, relationship conflict, S.A, depression, etc. Once my clients are able to identify the triggers to these feelings it is much easier to then explore and commit to using coping mechanisms to feel better.
(405) 928-0647 View (405) 928-0647
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Norman, OK

200+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Norman, OK who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
74% Trauma and PTSD
74% Self Esteem
73% Coping Skills
72% Stress
70% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

87% BlueCross and BlueShield
72% Health Choice
53% Aetna

How Therapists in Norman, OK see their clients

79% In Person and Online
21% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
19% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Norman?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.