Therapists in West Orange, NJ

Photo of Adinah Elizabeth Liss Bialik, PhD, Psychologist
Adinah Elizabeth Liss Bialik
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
West Orange, NJ 07052  (Online Only)
I am a NJ Licensed Psychologist currently working via telehealth. I offer individual psychotherapy with a humanistic and holistic approach to mental health in a free-flowing conversational style. I work with adolescents and adults looking for support to cope with stress, anxiety, depression, grief, life transitions, and relationship problems including sex and intimacy. In addition to private practice, I have 10+ years of experience working with individuals who are involved with the NJ foster care and family court systems. In addition to accepting private pay patients, I am a provider for BCBS, Aetna, and United Healthcare.
I am a NJ Licensed Psychologist currently working via telehealth. I offer individual psychotherapy with a humanistic and holistic approach to mental health in a free-flowing conversational style. I work with adolescents and adults looking for support to cope with stress, anxiety, depression, grief, life transitions, and relationship problems including sex and intimacy. In addition to private practice, I have 10+ years of experience working with individuals who are involved with the NJ foster care and family court systems. In addition to accepting private pay patients, I am a provider for BCBS, Aetna, and United Healthcare.
(973) 607-2827 View (973) 607-2827
Photo of Janet Hoffer - Dr. Janet Hoffer, DSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dr. Janet Hoffer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
West Orange, NJ 07052
Many of the people I work with have complicated stories and families. They have struggled with relationships and symptoms of different kinds and come to therapy to share their experiences, perhaps for the first time. I am an experienced therapist with a full-time private practice. I work with adults and adolescents to help them have healthier relationships and build self-esteem. As a Certified EMDR therapist, I use EMDR skills to assist in treating traumatic events and relational trauma. I help parents and adolescents address emotional needs. I help couples develop trust and intimacy through Emotionally Focused Therapy.
Many of the people I work with have complicated stories and families. They have struggled with relationships and symptoms of different kinds and come to therapy to share their experiences, perhaps for the first time. I am an experienced therapist with a full-time private practice. I work with adults and adolescents to help them have healthier relationships and build self-esteem. As a Certified EMDR therapist, I use EMDR skills to assist in treating traumatic events and relational trauma. I help parents and adolescents address emotional needs. I help couples develop trust and intimacy through Emotionally Focused Therapy.
(973) 310-2117 View (973) 310-2117
Photo of Zasah S. Khademi, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Zasah S. Khademi
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Orange, NJ 07052
Life can be challenging in the best of times. In these especially tumultuous times everything is harder, and it can become overwhelming to cope. You are here because you want to change…or maybe you just need a little help and support through tough times. Using an integrative, holistic approach I will provide you with the empathy and tools you need to feel and do better. You are in charge, you set the destination and the goals you want to achieve, and we try to get there together. I provide compassionate therapeutic support for children and adolescents, adults, couples, parents and families.
Life can be challenging in the best of times. In these especially tumultuous times everything is harder, and it can become overwhelming to cope. You are here because you want to change…or maybe you just need a little help and support through tough times. Using an integrative, holistic approach I will provide you with the empathy and tools you need to feel and do better. You are in charge, you set the destination and the goals you want to achieve, and we try to get there together. I provide compassionate therapeutic support for children and adolescents, adults, couples, parents and families.
(973) 834-6862 View (973) 834-6862
Frada R Stone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Orange, NJ 07052
I have almost 20 years of experience seeing clients with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, personality disorders, and marital issues. I am also the director of a high school for students with high-functioning autism and/or complex learning disabilities, as well as ADHD. In addition to treating clients with those diagnoses, I also see their close family members who need support and counseling to best interact with and relate to a family member with a mental health struggle, a personality disorder, or a learning disability.
I have almost 20 years of experience seeing clients with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, personality disorders, and marital issues. I am also the director of a high school for students with high-functioning autism and/or complex learning disabilities, as well as ADHD. In addition to treating clients with those diagnoses, I also see their close family members who need support and counseling to best interact with and relate to a family member with a mental health struggle, a personality disorder, or a learning disability.
(862) 358-4128 View (862) 358-4128
Photo of Joanne R. Van Nest, PhD, Psychologist
Joanne R. Van Nest
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
West Orange, NJ 07052  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Whether you’re struggling with stress, anxiety, or depression, psychotherapy can help you discover new perspectives and approaches for problems that are keeping you stuck. Exploring emotions and beliefs underlying self-defeating patterns of behavior creates opportunities for positive change and growth. Over 20 years of clinical experience combined with extensive training in specialized treatments for healing trauma and attachment wounds enables me to provide a customized approach to meet client’s goals.
Whether you’re struggling with stress, anxiety, or depression, psychotherapy can help you discover new perspectives and approaches for problems that are keeping you stuck. Exploring emotions and beliefs underlying self-defeating patterns of behavior creates opportunities for positive change and growth. Over 20 years of clinical experience combined with extensive training in specialized treatments for healing trauma and attachment wounds enables me to provide a customized approach to meet client’s goals.
(201) 710-4311 View (201) 710-4311
Photo of Evie L Falda, PhD, Psychologist
Evie L Falda
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
West Orange, NJ 07052
Sometimes, you just need someone to talk to, someone who is a good listener and, most importantly, non-judgmental. Talking to a stranger about very personal issues is hard. It takes time to develop a bond and establish trust with a therapist. I am aware of that and strive to give the client as much time as he or she needs. Feeling worried and nervous is a reasonable response to uncertain circumstances, exacerbated by the stressors caused by the pandemic. Deciding to get help is a proactive and healthy step towards change and self-acceptance.
Sometimes, you just need someone to talk to, someone who is a good listener and, most importantly, non-judgmental. Talking to a stranger about very personal issues is hard. It takes time to develop a bond and establish trust with a therapist. I am aware of that and strive to give the client as much time as he or she needs. Feeling worried and nervous is a reasonable response to uncertain circumstances, exacerbated by the stressors caused by the pandemic. Deciding to get help is a proactive and healthy step towards change and self-acceptance.
(973) 949-0183 View (973) 949-0183
Photo of Helen Lichtman, PhD, Psychologist
Helen Lichtman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Orange, NJ 07052
Are you struggling in the workplace and/or with your relationships ? I am a skilled licensed psychologist and I work with children and adults within the context of their families. I treat anxiety, depression, phobias, OCD , mood disorders and learning disabilities, and often use cognitive behavioral interventions such as systematic desensitization. My background in School Psychology has sensitized me to the impact that cognitive limitations, learning disabilities, ADHD and spectrum disorders have on day to day functioning in adulthood, where the most typical presenting problems are Anxiety, Depression, and Relationship issues.
Are you struggling in the workplace and/or with your relationships ? I am a skilled licensed psychologist and I work with children and adults within the context of their families. I treat anxiety, depression, phobias, OCD , mood disorders and learning disabilities, and often use cognitive behavioral interventions such as systematic desensitization. My background in School Psychology has sensitized me to the impact that cognitive limitations, learning disabilities, ADHD and spectrum disorders have on day to day functioning in adulthood, where the most typical presenting problems are Anxiety, Depression, and Relationship issues.
(973) 870-0399 View (973) 870-0399
Photo of Meryl Weinman Dorf, PhD, Psychologist
Meryl Weinman Dorf
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
West Orange, NJ 07052
Waitlist for new clients
If you are struggling with feelings of depression, relationship issues, marital stress, job loss, anxiety, or other life challenges, feel free to contact me. I am a warm, respectful, experienced clinician who brings 30+ years of practice in consulting confidentially with a wide variety of people. You will find me to be open and caring and my office a safe and inviting place to talk. I am most effective with people who are thoughtful and willing to look inside themselves.
If you are struggling with feelings of depression, relationship issues, marital stress, job loss, anxiety, or other life challenges, feel free to contact me. I am a warm, respectful, experienced clinician who brings 30+ years of practice in consulting confidentially with a wide variety of people. You will find me to be open and caring and my office a safe and inviting place to talk. I am most effective with people who are thoughtful and willing to look inside themselves.
(862) 324-7025 View (862) 324-7025
Photo of Tracy Barry-Austin, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tracy Barry-Austin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Orange, NJ 07052  (Online Only)
Welcome to your journey to wellness with Guided Pathways Counseling! I know it can be difficult to make the decision to start therapy, so congratulations on taking the first step. This is your safe space to talk out and address your concerns. You are here because you either need assistance, empowering, and/or motivation to reach goals you are struggling to attain on your own. I am here to help you reach those goals by creating a warm, welcoming, and encouraging environment to freely express yourself through your concerns. I like to take an active role in sessions with client’s all while being reflective as well.
Welcome to your journey to wellness with Guided Pathways Counseling! I know it can be difficult to make the decision to start therapy, so congratulations on taking the first step. This is your safe space to talk out and address your concerns. You are here because you either need assistance, empowering, and/or motivation to reach goals you are struggling to attain on your own. I am here to help you reach those goals by creating a warm, welcoming, and encouraging environment to freely express yourself through your concerns. I like to take an active role in sessions with client’s all while being reflective as well.
(732) 401-9968 View (732) 401-9968
Photo of Adama Noni Pitts, MSW, LSW, SIFI
Adama Noni Pitts
Licensed Social Worker, MSW, LSW, SIFI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Orange, NJ 07052  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
“There is no time like the present,” John Trusler. So why not start now? As an experienced Licensed Social Worker, I am committed to helping preteens, adolescents (ages 10-17), millennials, and families decrease feelings of depression, anxiety, everyday stress, and family conflict. I am trained in evidence-based clinical interventions that I will use to fit your individual or families’ particular needs. I work with all ages of young people and families who have experienced trauma or challenging times in their lives.
“There is no time like the present,” John Trusler. So why not start now? As an experienced Licensed Social Worker, I am committed to helping preteens, adolescents (ages 10-17), millennials, and families decrease feelings of depression, anxiety, everyday stress, and family conflict. I am trained in evidence-based clinical interventions that I will use to fit your individual or families’ particular needs. I work with all ages of young people and families who have experienced trauma or challenging times in their lives.
(862) 212-0878 View (862) 212-0878
Photo of Denisha King, LCSW, LCADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Denisha King
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
West Orange, NJ 07052  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Are you having trouble at school, work or home? In your overall life? I am a compassionate, understanding therapist who provides supportive psychotherapy to children, adolescents and adults in diverse settings. Working with me challenges you to become the best you and restore your being. I strive to ensure that you reach the optimal potential of you!
Are you having trouble at school, work or home? In your overall life? I am a compassionate, understanding therapist who provides supportive psychotherapy to children, adolescents and adults in diverse settings. Working with me challenges you to become the best you and restore your being. I strive to ensure that you reach the optimal potential of you!
(973) 370-9869 View (973) 370-9869
Photo of Tarz F Palomba, JD, LP, NCPsyA, Licensed Psychoanalyst
Tarz F Palomba
Licensed Psychoanalyst, JD, LP, NCPsyA
Verified Verified
West Orange, NJ 07052  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Life is complicated. It helps to talk about it. I listen. We work together to find the core issues that need resolution, and to resolve them. I help people with anxiety, depression, grief, recovery, health concerns, work and family challenges, creative impasse, and life's complications.
Life is complicated. It helps to talk about it. I listen. We work together to find the core issues that need resolution, and to resolve them. I help people with anxiety, depression, grief, recovery, health concerns, work and family challenges, creative impasse, and life's complications.
(862) 362-2368 View (862) 362-2368
Photo of Holly Sragow, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Holly Sragow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Orange, NJ 07052  (Online Only)
Do you often feel as though you are struggling to get through your daily routine? Are you having problems connecting with other people? Does all this impact your job, your social relationships, and even your family? Do you feel anxious and overwhelmed by how difficult everything is? Maybe you have a chronic illness or condition that prevents you from being able to fully live your life. Or maybe you are caring for a loved one and keep pushing aside your own needs, all the while disregarding the impact that ignoring yourself can have on your own health and well-being.
Do you often feel as though you are struggling to get through your daily routine? Are you having problems connecting with other people? Does all this impact your job, your social relationships, and even your family? Do you feel anxious and overwhelmed by how difficult everything is? Maybe you have a chronic illness or condition that prevents you from being able to fully live your life. Or maybe you are caring for a loved one and keep pushing aside your own needs, all the while disregarding the impact that ignoring yourself can have on your own health and well-being.
(973) 382-8128 View (973) 382-8128
Photo of Laurel N Raissman, MA, EdS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Laurel N Raissman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, EdS, LMFT
Verified Verified
West Orange, NJ 07052
My style is highly interactive, focused on communication, and achieving client goals. It is important to me that my clients are comfortable with me and know that I am available to them. Making life changes is not always easy, but I believe in human resiliency and strength. As an example of this philosophy, I have changed my name back to my maiden name. My mother passed away from Alzheimer's disease, and for this reason, to honor her, I wanted to take my name back... human resiliency!!!
My style is highly interactive, focused on communication, and achieving client goals. It is important to me that my clients are comfortable with me and know that I am available to them. Making life changes is not always easy, but I believe in human resiliency and strength. As an example of this philosophy, I have changed my name back to my maiden name. My mother passed away from Alzheimer's disease, and for this reason, to honor her, I wanted to take my name back... human resiliency!!!
(973) 310-2005 View (973) 310-2005
Leora Heckelman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
West Orange, NJ 07052
A Brown, Harvard & Payne Whitney trained NY/NJ Psychologist specializing in the treatment of anxiety & related disorders. She utilizes an integrative approach, including CBT, combining both short & longer term strategies to treat adolescents and adults. Dr. Heckelman also specializes in grief work and in treatment of couples using a solution-based, here-and-now approach. She works part-time in West Orange, NJ and part-time in NYC. Dr. Heckelman is Director of Psychology Training at MSSLW & Assistant Professor Of Psychiatry at Mount Sinai's Icahn School of Medicine. Accepts some insurances and offers some weekend hours.
A Brown, Harvard & Payne Whitney trained NY/NJ Psychologist specializing in the treatment of anxiety & related disorders. She utilizes an integrative approach, including CBT, combining both short & longer term strategies to treat adolescents and adults. Dr. Heckelman also specializes in grief work and in treatment of couples using a solution-based, here-and-now approach. She works part-time in West Orange, NJ and part-time in NYC. Dr. Heckelman is Director of Psychology Training at MSSLW & Assistant Professor Of Psychiatry at Mount Sinai's Icahn School of Medicine. Accepts some insurances and offers some weekend hours.
(973) 287-4109 View (973) 287-4109
Photo of Stacy-Ann D Lambert, MSW, LCSW, CCS, CSS, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stacy-Ann D Lambert
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, CCS, CSS
Verified Verified
West Orange, NJ 07052  (Online Only)
Seeking therapeutic help is challenging, therefore my utmost reward as a therapist is assisting my client(s) to explore ways to make life changes that allows them to look forward to a future with hope. I specialize in trauma focused treatment and working with adults, adolescents and their families.
Seeking therapeutic help is challenging, therefore my utmost reward as a therapist is assisting my client(s) to explore ways to make life changes that allows them to look forward to a future with hope. I specialize in trauma focused treatment and working with adults, adolescents and their families.
(848) 229-9606 View (848) 229-9606
Photo of Aliza Kaplan - Handspring Health (Insurance Accepted!), LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Aliza Kaplan - Handspring Health (Insurance Accepted!)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Orange, NJ 07052  (Online Only)
Handspring is a modern mental health clinic that provides personalized, evidence-based behavioral care for children, adolescents, and young adults. We currently serve children (ages 8-17) and young adults (18 years and over) who are looking for treatment for anxiety, depression, or behavioral difficulties. Our therapeutic approaches include CBT, DBT, organizational skills training, behavior therapy, exposure & response prevention, and parent management training.
Handspring is a modern mental health clinic that provides personalized, evidence-based behavioral care for children, adolescents, and young adults. We currently serve children (ages 8-17) and young adults (18 years and over) who are looking for treatment for anxiety, depression, or behavioral difficulties. Our therapeutic approaches include CBT, DBT, organizational skills training, behavior therapy, exposure & response prevention, and parent management training.
(551) 296-7622 View (551) 296-7622
Photo of Avrahom Y Rosenberg, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Avrahom Y Rosenberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Orange, NJ 07052
I am a psychotherapist specializing in anxiety, anger management, ADHD, depression, marital issues, political anxiety, covid anxiety, and adjustment issues in teens, young adults and married couples. My experience also includes working with various DSM-V disorders in addition to managing school based issues. Many of my clients encounter frustration when their concerns impact their daily lives, and I take the time to listen closely to their needs, and empower them to successfully navigate their challenges.
I am a psychotherapist specializing in anxiety, anger management, ADHD, depression, marital issues, political anxiety, covid anxiety, and adjustment issues in teens, young adults and married couples. My experience also includes working with various DSM-V disorders in addition to managing school based issues. Many of my clients encounter frustration when their concerns impact their daily lives, and I take the time to listen closely to their needs, and empower them to successfully navigate their challenges.
(973) 221-9564 View (973) 221-9564
Photo of Hudson Robinson, MPsy, LCADC, CCS, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Hudson Robinson
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MPsy, LCADC, CCS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Orange, NJ 07052
Most of my clients have a substance use disorder that is co-occurring with other conditions. These disorders manifest as severe behavioral issues that lead to biopsychosocial impairments. Some clients had problems with the criminal justice system, state and local agencies, schools, employers, family, and the community due to undesirable behavior. They need help turning their lives around. As Person-centered, solution-focused Licensed Clinical Alcohol & Drug Counselor, I establish therapeutic relationships anchored in cultural diversity to provide individualized treatment to help my clients make the change they desire.
Most of my clients have a substance use disorder that is co-occurring with other conditions. These disorders manifest as severe behavioral issues that lead to biopsychosocial impairments. Some clients had problems with the criminal justice system, state and local agencies, schools, employers, family, and the community due to undesirable behavior. They need help turning their lives around. As Person-centered, solution-focused Licensed Clinical Alcohol & Drug Counselor, I establish therapeutic relationships anchored in cultural diversity to provide individualized treatment to help my clients make the change they desire.
(551) 205-5917 View (551) 205-5917
Photo of Meghan D McNulty, MA, LAC, Counselor
Meghan D McNulty
Counselor, MA, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Orange, NJ 07052  (Online Only)
With a profound dedication to healing and transformation, Meghan has worked with individuals from an array of backgrounds, presenting issues, and symptoms. Her client's come for guidance and support on their journey towards wholeness, ultimately helping them to build healthier relationships, achieve emotional well-being, and live fulfilling lives. She has walked with her clients through some of the toughest moments of their lives, making a positive and lasting impact on those she serves.
With a profound dedication to healing and transformation, Meghan has worked with individuals from an array of backgrounds, presenting issues, and symptoms. Her client's come for guidance and support on their journey towards wholeness, ultimately helping them to build healthier relationships, achieve emotional well-being, and live fulfilling lives. She has walked with her clients through some of the toughest moments of their lives, making a positive and lasting impact on those she serves.
(551) 282-7041 View (551) 282-7041
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in West Orange, NJ

200+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in West Orange, NJ who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
92% Depression
87% Relationship Issues
85% Self Esteem
70% Coping Skills
68% Family Conflict
67% Grief

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

64% Aetna
56% Cigna and Evernorth
51% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in West Orange, NJ see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
24% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in West Orange?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.