Therapists in Cambridge, MA

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Photo of Maya Hanelin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Cambridge, MA
Maya Hanelin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02139
Not accepting new clients
Helping people live a life of authenticity and ease is at the heart of my work. We all need a safe and supportive place to feel heard, move through challenges and develop insight. I meet my clients where they are and encourage them toward their goals with compassion, hope, and kindness. On this therapeutic journey we learn to identify and embrace strengths, integrate new skills and self-understanding, and come into a deeper knowing of ourselves.
Helping people live a life of authenticity and ease is at the heart of my work. We all need a safe and supportive place to feel heard, move through challenges and develop insight. I meet my clients where they are and encourage them toward their goals with compassion, hope, and kindness. On this therapeutic journey we learn to identify and embrace strengths, integrate new skills and self-understanding, and come into a deeper knowing of ourselves.
(617) 701-7527 View (617) 701-7527
Photo of Luisa Ehrich, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Cambridge, MA
Luisa Ehrich
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02138
Psychotherapy offers the unusual opportunity to be listened to deeply and to learn to listen to ourselves in new ways. Often, a significant source of suffering lies in thoughts and feelings that exist outside of our awareness and have not yet been able to find full expression. Exploring and developing insight into your inner life can lead to change—feeling better about yourself, shifting patterns that have kept you stuck, and developing a greater sense of agency and fulfillment in your life.
Psychotherapy offers the unusual opportunity to be listened to deeply and to learn to listen to ourselves in new ways. Often, a significant source of suffering lies in thoughts and feelings that exist outside of our awareness and have not yet been able to find full expression. Exploring and developing insight into your inner life can lead to change—feeling better about yourself, shifting patterns that have kept you stuck, and developing a greater sense of agency and fulfillment in your life.
(617) 812-4328 View (617) 812-4328
Photo of Brianna Atkins, Counselor in Cambridge, MA
Brianna Atkins
Counselor, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02141
Due to my experience working in under-serviced mental health communities, my ideal clients would be those who are hindered from moving forward in life due to traumatic experiences or who have been unable to manage day-to-day functioning due to the many curve balls that life throws their way. I would like to assist those who would like to return to their own version of normal functioning to improve their quality of life.
Due to my experience working in under-serviced mental health communities, my ideal clients would be those who are hindered from moving forward in life due to traumatic experiences or who have been unable to manage day-to-day functioning due to the many curve balls that life throws their way. I would like to assist those who would like to return to their own version of normal functioning to improve their quality of life.
(857) 703-9711 View (857) 703-9711
Photo of Janasa Austrie, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Cambridge, MA
Janasa Austrie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02141
My ideal client is open and receptive to change, willing to address the past, and ready to heal forward. They are persistent and committed to understanding healing as a journey. They are looking for support and guidance in a safe, trusting space that will allow them to learn how to live a more fulfilling life.
My ideal client is open and receptive to change, willing to address the past, and ready to heal forward. They are persistent and committed to understanding healing as a journey. They are looking for support and guidance in a safe, trusting space that will allow them to learn how to live a more fulfilling life.
(857) 322-9930 View (857) 322-9930
Photo of Sara Beautz, Psychologist in Cambridge, MA
Sara Beautz
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02138
Are you a diamond in the rough? I provide social psychologically informed therapy that looks concentratedly at each client's various emotions in context, how and why emotions arise in relationships and what they have to tell us. I help clients look at their complex feelings related to self, break ups, loss of connection, and unresolved grief or anger, and their positive feelings. I try to help clients persist at these times to discover unrealized strengths, better connections. I work with a sense of humor, realism and practicality. I hope my clients can feel secure and increasingly present, and make smarter, more conscious choices.
Are you a diamond in the rough? I provide social psychologically informed therapy that looks concentratedly at each client's various emotions in context, how and why emotions arise in relationships and what they have to tell us. I help clients look at their complex feelings related to self, break ups, loss of connection, and unresolved grief or anger, and their positive feelings. I try to help clients persist at these times to discover unrealized strengths, better connections. I work with a sense of humor, realism and practicality. I hope my clients can feel secure and increasingly present, and make smarter, more conscious choices.
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Photo of Chloe A Greenbaum, Psychologist in Cambridge, MA
Chloe A Greenbaum
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02138  (Online Only)
Imagine actually enjoying therapy. Imagine looking forward to therapy each week because your therapist "gets" you and works with you in a down-to-earth way to address your goals. Since therapy is an intense process that tackles intense issues, I believe it should also include authenticity, humor, and flexibility. I focus my teletherapy practice on adolescents, college students, and young adults in their 20s and 30s in Massachusetts, New York, and Connecticut. I am energetic, creative, and hands-on and will work with you (and your child, if applicable) to design a personalized approach to address your specific goals.
Imagine actually enjoying therapy. Imagine looking forward to therapy each week because your therapist "gets" you and works with you in a down-to-earth way to address your goals. Since therapy is an intense process that tackles intense issues, I believe it should also include authenticity, humor, and flexibility. I focus my teletherapy practice on adolescents, college students, and young adults in their 20s and 30s in Massachusetts, New York, and Connecticut. I am energetic, creative, and hands-on and will work with you (and your child, if applicable) to design a personalized approach to address your specific goals.
(617) 231-9646 View (617) 231-9646
Photo of Lisa W Coyne, Psychologist in Cambridge, MA
Lisa W Coyne
Psychologist, MA, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Cambridge, MA 02138
I specialize in treating children, teens, and adults with OCD, anxiety, or related issues, and have nearly 30 years of experience. My goal is to help individuals who are struggling to build lives that they love - and it is an honor to journey with them to grow and thrive. My approach includes CBT (Exposure and Response Prevention; ERP) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). I provide individual and group therapy, consultation, assessment, and transition services for youth moving across levels of care. I also supervise and train for other clinicians, nationally and internationally.
I specialize in treating children, teens, and adults with OCD, anxiety, or related issues, and have nearly 30 years of experience. My goal is to help individuals who are struggling to build lives that they love - and it is an honor to journey with them to grow and thrive. My approach includes CBT (Exposure and Response Prevention; ERP) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). I provide individual and group therapy, consultation, assessment, and transition services for youth moving across levels of care. I also supervise and train for other clinicians, nationally and internationally.
(781) 517-7554 View (781) 517-7554
Photo of Jenny Driscoll, Counselor in Cambridge, MA
Jenny Driscoll
Counselor, LMHC, MEd
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02139
I work with adolescents,young adults and couples. I feel it is invaluable for young people to have an advocate and sounding board while navigating these years of great change and evolution. I look forward to getting to know you and exploring how we can work together toward healing and growth. With young adults, I believe that the client is the expert of their lived experience. I partner with my client to explore a variety of issues that may be holding them back from wellbeing and peace. This may include difficult beliefs, patterns and behaviors that they want to change, relationship issues, career changes, and anxiety.
I work with adolescents,young adults and couples. I feel it is invaluable for young people to have an advocate and sounding board while navigating these years of great change and evolution. I look forward to getting to know you and exploring how we can work together toward healing and growth. With young adults, I believe that the client is the expert of their lived experience. I partner with my client to explore a variety of issues that may be holding them back from wellbeing and peace. This may include difficult beliefs, patterns and behaviors that they want to change, relationship issues, career changes, and anxiety.
(617) 380-4256 View (617) 380-4256
Photo of Natalie Reed, Counselor in Cambridge, MA
Natalie Reed
Counselor, LMHC, MA, MPHIL
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02138
We're more anxious right now than ever, trying to navigate everything that is happening in our lives and our world. It's easy to get out of balance, especially during this difficult time. It's hard to navigate our own lives and now we have other worries, many that feel beyond our control. Drawing on my experience and training in existential philosophy and contemporary psychodynamic therapy...a compassionate rigorous insistence on taking responsibility for oneself, we’ll try to make sense of all this, navigating habits and patterns you keep falling back on; finding connections to the things you feel are most important in your life.
We're more anxious right now than ever, trying to navigate everything that is happening in our lives and our world. It's easy to get out of balance, especially during this difficult time. It's hard to navigate our own lives and now we have other worries, many that feel beyond our control. Drawing on my experience and training in existential philosophy and contemporary psychodynamic therapy...a compassionate rigorous insistence on taking responsibility for oneself, we’ll try to make sense of all this, navigating habits and patterns you keep falling back on; finding connections to the things you feel are most important in your life.
(857) 259-5994 View (857) 259-5994
Photo of Sarah L Lusk, PhD, Psychologist in Cambridge, MA
Sarah L Lusk, PhD
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02138
Not accepting new clients
Asking for help can be very difficult. With over 20 years of experience as a Clinical Psychologist working with children, adolescents and adults I appreciate how difficult life can be. I believe in collaboration, working together to help you understand difficulties in depth and find long-lasting relief. People describe me as honest, warm, easy to talk to, and respectful.
Asking for help can be very difficult. With over 20 years of experience as a Clinical Psychologist working with children, adolescents and adults I appreciate how difficult life can be. I believe in collaboration, working together to help you understand difficulties in depth and find long-lasting relief. People describe me as honest, warm, easy to talk to, and respectful.
(617) 477-8490 View (617) 477-8490
Photo of Johanna Malone, Psychologist in Cambridge, MA
Johanna Malone
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02139
Sometimes we notice that a problem or feeling of distress is not actually new, but one we have carried for a long time. Alternatively, stressful circumstances can suddenly challenge our usual and effective ways of coping requiring us to change. Psychotherapy offers an ideal context for modifying patterns of experience or feelings of being stuck that occur within our relationships, work, and internal worlds. This creative process contains elements of surprise that evolve over the course of the treatment, yet the work is also a demanding rigorous endeavor.
Sometimes we notice that a problem or feeling of distress is not actually new, but one we have carried for a long time. Alternatively, stressful circumstances can suddenly challenge our usual and effective ways of coping requiring us to change. Psychotherapy offers an ideal context for modifying patterns of experience or feelings of being stuck that occur within our relationships, work, and internal worlds. This creative process contains elements of surprise that evolve over the course of the treatment, yet the work is also a demanding rigorous endeavor.
(617) 294-5584 View (617) 294-5584
Photo of Iara Cury in Cambridge, MA
Iara Cury
LMHC
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02138  (Online Only)
As a Latina immigrant and queer woman of color, I use a social justice-focused, anti-oppression approach to promote an affirming environment where clients can reconnect with their strengths and lineages. I work with clients on healing life experiences in the context of intergenerational trauma and systems of oppression. I specialize in working with BIPOC and LGBTQ+ clients, immigrants and children of immigrants, people with mixed racial or cultural backgrounds, and clients of all identities interested in working to end oppression.
As a Latina immigrant and queer woman of color, I use a social justice-focused, anti-oppression approach to promote an affirming environment where clients can reconnect with their strengths and lineages. I work with clients on healing life experiences in the context of intergenerational trauma and systems of oppression. I specialize in working with BIPOC and LGBTQ+ clients, immigrants and children of immigrants, people with mixed racial or cultural backgrounds, and clients of all identities interested in working to end oppression.
(413) 238-1142 View (413) 238-1142
Photo of Joy Von Steiger, Psychologist in Cambridge, MA
Joy Von Steiger
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02138  (Online Only)
I have been in private practice in the Boston/Cambridge area for 30 years working with adults and adolescents, couples and families. I work with clients utilizing a trauma informed lens as well as elements of liberation psychology. I feel all clinical work must begin with a thorough understanding of a client's multiple identities and how those identities interact within their communities and the larger culture.  My work and my passion are embedded in a deep commitment to social justice.
I have been in private practice in the Boston/Cambridge area for 30 years working with adults and adolescents, couples and families. I work with clients utilizing a trauma informed lens as well as elements of liberation psychology. I feel all clinical work must begin with a thorough understanding of a client's multiple identities and how those identities interact within their communities and the larger culture.  My work and my passion are embedded in a deep commitment to social justice.
(617) 682-9227 View (617) 682-9227
Photo of Theresa (Terry) Sass, Psychologist in Cambridge, MA
Theresa (Terry) Sass
Psychologist, PhD, MPH
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02139
Not accepting new clients
I provide individual and couples therapy to adults across the lifespan. My goal for therapy is to create a collaborative, compassionate and non-judgmental environment where you will be supported and also challenged to gain insight and develop different approaches to promote positive changes in your life. I draw from multiple theoretical approaches to meet your needs, including mindfulness-based CBT, psychodynamic, feminist-relational and narrative therapies. Areas of specialty are depression, anxiety, life transitions, grief and trauma. My approach is strength-based, and I view psychological symptoms and distress from an individual as well as systemic perspective.
I provide individual and couples therapy to adults across the lifespan. My goal for therapy is to create a collaborative, compassionate and non-judgmental environment where you will be supported and also challenged to gain insight and develop different approaches to promote positive changes in your life. I draw from multiple theoretical approaches to meet your needs, including mindfulness-based CBT, psychodynamic, feminist-relational and narrative therapies. Areas of specialty are depression, anxiety, life transitions, grief and trauma. My approach is strength-based, and I view psychological symptoms and distress from an individual as well as systemic perspective.
(617) 307-7872 View (617) 307-7872
Photo of Matt Richardson, Pre-Licensed Professional in Cambridge, MA
Matt Richardson
Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02139
Dr. Richardson’s primary areas of interest include: Depression, anxiety, problems in personal and romantic relationships, disordered eating, and body image issues. He is particularly interested in working with gay and bisexual men. In therapy, Dr. Richardson uses an integrative therapeutic style, combining interpersonal, cognitive-behavioral and emotionally-focused therapies. Dr. Richardson approaches his work with clients experiencing body image and eating concerns from an intuitive eating, anti-diet, and Health At Every Size (HAES) framework.
Dr. Richardson’s primary areas of interest include: Depression, anxiety, problems in personal and romantic relationships, disordered eating, and body image issues. He is particularly interested in working with gay and bisexual men. In therapy, Dr. Richardson uses an integrative therapeutic style, combining interpersonal, cognitive-behavioral and emotionally-focused therapies. Dr. Richardson approaches his work with clients experiencing body image and eating concerns from an intuitive eating, anti-diet, and Health At Every Size (HAES) framework.
(617) 202-3863 View (617) 202-3863
Photo of Dr. Chiara S. Haller, Psychologist in Cambridge, MA
Dr. Chiara S. Haller
Psychologist, PhD, LP, MAS
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02140
High functioning? Neurodiverse? Going through life transitions? Exhausted pretending to be someone you are not? Depressed? Anxious? Super successful but unhappy? Feeling you don't quite fit in? I can help you find your footing, become the best version of yourself and be happier. Reach out to schedule free clinical neuropsychology and psychotherapy pre-intake phone calls admin at cognicreate.com or +16179020567.
High functioning? Neurodiverse? Going through life transitions? Exhausted pretending to be someone you are not? Depressed? Anxious? Super successful but unhappy? Feeling you don't quite fit in? I can help you find your footing, become the best version of yourself and be happier. Reach out to schedule free clinical neuropsychology and psychotherapy pre-intake phone calls admin at cognicreate.com or +16179020567.
(508) 690-4622 View (508) 690-4622
Photo of Joel Krieg, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Cambridge, MA
Joel Krieg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, CGP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cambridge, MA 02138
I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker and a Certified Group Psychotherapist with over 12 years experience providing individual, group, and family therapy. I work with adolescents and adults of all ages who struggle with anxiety, depression, self-esteem, relationships, decision-making, work/school achievement, and/or making behavioral changes. Drawing from multiple theoretical approaches (psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive behavioral; relational, mindfulness, etc.), I provide the opportunity to identify, explore, and work through challenges and desires in a safe and supportive environment.
I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker and a Certified Group Psychotherapist with over 12 years experience providing individual, group, and family therapy. I work with adolescents and adults of all ages who struggle with anxiety, depression, self-esteem, relationships, decision-making, work/school achievement, and/or making behavioral changes. Drawing from multiple theoretical approaches (psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive behavioral; relational, mindfulness, etc.), I provide the opportunity to identify, explore, and work through challenges and desires in a safe and supportive environment.
(617) 934-2826 View (617) 934-2826
Photo of Leah Driscoll García, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Cambridge, MA
Leah Driscoll García
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Cambridge, MA 02138  (Online Only)
My approach to psychotherapy is integrative, combining elements of psychodynamic and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), as well as mindfulness-based techniques and motivational interviewing. My therapeutic style is non-judgmental, respectful, and adaptable. I always strive to create a therapeutic experience that feels relevant and custom-tailored to my clients. I also hold certifications as a Financial Wellness Facilitator and am a Certified Wellness Practitioner with the National Wellness Institute.
My approach to psychotherapy is integrative, combining elements of psychodynamic and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), as well as mindfulness-based techniques and motivational interviewing. My therapeutic style is non-judgmental, respectful, and adaptable. I always strive to create a therapeutic experience that feels relevant and custom-tailored to my clients. I also hold certifications as a Financial Wellness Facilitator and am a Certified Wellness Practitioner with the National Wellness Institute.
(857) 763-4971 View (857) 763-4971
Photo of Jodi Waddell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Cambridge, MA
Jodi Waddell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Cambridge, MA 02138
I believe positive change in therapy takes place in a safe and collaborative environment. I strive to put my clients at ease with compassion, candor, and humor. I am a licensed clinical social worker who specializes in perinatal and infertility issues, foster care and adoption and the LGBTQ+ population. I also provide psychotherapy to individuals who are experiencing anxiety, mood disorders, trauma, relationship concerns and identity issues. I utilize an eclectic blend of therapeutic modalities such as, psychodynamic, CBT, DBT, and solution focused treatment.
I believe positive change in therapy takes place in a safe and collaborative environment. I strive to put my clients at ease with compassion, candor, and humor. I am a licensed clinical social worker who specializes in perinatal and infertility issues, foster care and adoption and the LGBTQ+ population. I also provide psychotherapy to individuals who are experiencing anxiety, mood disorders, trauma, relationship concerns and identity issues. I utilize an eclectic blend of therapeutic modalities such as, psychodynamic, CBT, DBT, and solution focused treatment.
(617) 812-1552 View (617) 812-1552
Photo of Rhys Triolo Rodriguez, Pre-Licensed Professional in Cambridge, MA
Rhys Triolo Rodriguez
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02139
Rhys Triolo-Rodriguez is an LMHC-eligible Expressive Arts Therapist, with 5 years experience working in the field. She is passionate about working with all ages and walks of life. Through the modalities of Expressive Arts therapy and her background in Holistic psychology, she connects with clients and creates a space that allows for vulnerability, reflection, healing, creativity, and encouragement. Rhys specializes in depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, relationship issues, self-esteem, life transitions, art therapy, bibliotherapy, holistic approaches, and play therapy. She is an alumnus of Lesley University.
Rhys Triolo-Rodriguez is an LMHC-eligible Expressive Arts Therapist, with 5 years experience working in the field. She is passionate about working with all ages and walks of life. Through the modalities of Expressive Arts therapy and her background in Holistic psychology, she connects with clients and creates a space that allows for vulnerability, reflection, healing, creativity, and encouragement. Rhys specializes in depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, relationship issues, self-esteem, life transitions, art therapy, bibliotherapy, holistic approaches, and play therapy. She is an alumnus of Lesley University.
(617) 675-4989 View (617) 675-4989

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Cambridge, MA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Cambridge, MA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
69% Trauma and PTSD
64% Coping Skills
64% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% BlueCross and BlueShield
49% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Cambridge, MA see their clients

54% In Person and Online
46% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Cambridge?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.