Therapists in Tampa, FL

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Photo of Callie Nettles, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Callie Nettles
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33609
I understand it takes a tremendous amount of courage to reach out for support. I work with college students, young professionals and adults who are seeking relief from difficulties such as anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, or the impacts of trauma. My professional interests also include identity development and emerging adulthood, relationship concerns, grief and loss, and coping with adjustments and transitions. In therapy, I help you develop self-compassion and personal insight so you can let go of shame and fear, and start building a life worth living.
I understand it takes a tremendous amount of courage to reach out for support. I work with college students, young professionals and adults who are seeking relief from difficulties such as anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, or the impacts of trauma. My professional interests also include identity development and emerging adulthood, relationship concerns, grief and loss, and coping with adjustments and transitions. In therapy, I help you develop self-compassion and personal insight so you can let go of shame and fear, and start building a life worth living.
(813) 605-1902 View (813) 605-1902
Photo of Chermora Johnson, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Chermora Johnson
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33602  (Online Only)
I will like to take this opportunity to introduce myself as a licensed mental health therapist. I want to tell you a little about myself and my fieldwork experiences. I worked in this field for several years, along with various training, to assist clients in different areas. In the last several years, I worked in a mental health hospital with adolescents, substance abuse, and crisis intervention in various settings.
I will like to take this opportunity to introduce myself as a licensed mental health therapist. I want to tell you a little about myself and my fieldwork experiences. I worked in this field for several years, along with various training, to assist clients in different areas. In the last several years, I worked in a mental health hospital with adolescents, substance abuse, and crisis intervention in various settings.
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Photo of Alison Saff Sager, Psychologist in Tampa, FL
Alison Saff Sager
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33611
ACCEPTING CLIENTS! Hello and welcome! I am a licensed clinical psychologist extremely committed to my clients and I strongly believe in the importance and value of the therapeutic relationship. I use a relaxed, skilled, and collaborative style to empower clients to achieve their goals and improve their lives. My approach is warm, passionate, and supportive, acknowledging each client and their own unique experiences. My primary areas of interest include, but are not limited to: life transitions, anxiety, depression, trauma, stress and coping, health-related concerns, pregnancy and postpartum mental health, and relationship issues.
ACCEPTING CLIENTS! Hello and welcome! I am a licensed clinical psychologist extremely committed to my clients and I strongly believe in the importance and value of the therapeutic relationship. I use a relaxed, skilled, and collaborative style to empower clients to achieve their goals and improve their lives. My approach is warm, passionate, and supportive, acknowledging each client and their own unique experiences. My primary areas of interest include, but are not limited to: life transitions, anxiety, depression, trauma, stress and coping, health-related concerns, pregnancy and postpartum mental health, and relationship issues.
(727) 240-3396 View (727) 240-3396
Photo of Kristina Ward, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Kristina Ward
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33602  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who has been in practice for 30 years. I am offering psychotherapy services to individuals, couples and families. Over the years, I have had experience working with diverse populations. In addition to working with individuals and families who are dealing with normal life cycle issues, I have had extensive experience working with clients with relationship issues, trauma and abuse. My style is highly empathic and non-judgemental.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who has been in practice for 30 years. I am offering psychotherapy services to individuals, couples and families. Over the years, I have had experience working with diverse populations. In addition to working with individuals and families who are dealing with normal life cycle issues, I have had extensive experience working with clients with relationship issues, trauma and abuse. My style is highly empathic and non-judgemental.
(727) 610-7440 x1 View (727) 610-7440 x1
Photo of Dr. Madison I. Allen, Psychologist in Tampa, FL
Dr. Madison I. Allen
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33609
Hi, I am Dr. Madison Allen. I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist specializing in working with individuals and couples who are facing a variety of mental health concerns and challenging life circumstances. I work to provide my clients with a supportive space to explore and understand themselves in new ways. My primary aim is to understand your reasons for seeking therapy and to work with you to achieve the goals that you have for yourself. My areas of clinical specialty include anxiety related disorders, perfectionism and compulsivity, relationship issues, stress management, familial and relational trauma, and women's issues.
Hi, I am Dr. Madison Allen. I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist specializing in working with individuals and couples who are facing a variety of mental health concerns and challenging life circumstances. I work to provide my clients with a supportive space to explore and understand themselves in new ways. My primary aim is to understand your reasons for seeking therapy and to work with you to achieve the goals that you have for yourself. My areas of clinical specialty include anxiety related disorders, perfectionism and compulsivity, relationship issues, stress management, familial and relational trauma, and women's issues.
(850) 204-7592 View (850) 204-7592
Photo of Damaris Vandy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Damaris Vandy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33602  (Online Only)
As an experienced clinician I truly enjoy helping clients develop their skills by teaching them strategies that have been proven to be effective in treating their identified problems. I follow professional standards of care. I discuss and provide my treatment plan approach with the client and make the treatment fit with the clients specified needs and wants.
As an experienced clinician I truly enjoy helping clients develop their skills by teaching them strategies that have been proven to be effective in treating their identified problems. I follow professional standards of care. I discuss and provide my treatment plan approach with the client and make the treatment fit with the clients specified needs and wants.
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Photo of Irene Howell, Pre-Licensed Professional in Tampa, FL
Irene Howell
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, RCSWI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33619
I use an empathetic, person-centered, strength-based approach with my clients. As your therapist, I am ready for the ride! I am committed to listening, understanding, & helping to guide you in the direction that you feel best suits you. I use a mix of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational interviewing, Solution Focused Therapy and many other modalities.
I use an empathetic, person-centered, strength-based approach with my clients. As your therapist, I am ready for the ride! I am committed to listening, understanding, & helping to guide you in the direction that you feel best suits you. I use a mix of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational interviewing, Solution Focused Therapy and many other modalities.
(813) 328-5519 View (813) 328-5519
Photo of Don Ford, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Don Ford
Counselor, LMHC, MCAP
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33602
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor who has focused on diagnosing and treating a variety of clinical symptoms and disorders including substance abuse, addictions, trauma depression, anxiety, eating disorders, low self-esteem, and personality disorders. I have often treated clients who have experienced persistent and varied emotional and cognitive symptoms resulting from long-term relationship traumas and abuse. I have worked with individuals of all ages with severe and persistent psychopathology, including psychosis and severe behavioral and relationship problems. I have worked in all settings, from private practice to long term residential treatment facilities as well as psychiatric hospitals.
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor who has focused on diagnosing and treating a variety of clinical symptoms and disorders including substance abuse, addictions, trauma depression, anxiety, eating disorders, low self-esteem, and personality disorders. I have often treated clients who have experienced persistent and varied emotional and cognitive symptoms resulting from long-term relationship traumas and abuse. I have worked with individuals of all ages with severe and persistent psychopathology, including psychosis and severe behavioral and relationship problems. I have worked in all settings, from private practice to long term residential treatment facilities as well as psychiatric hospitals.
(813) 722-1527 View (813) 722-1527
Photo of The Wellness Academy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
The Wellness Academy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CAP, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33618
The Wellness Academy is a mental health clinic offering group therapy, individual therapy, and psychiatric services. We provide the highest level of privacy, quality mental health care, psychiatric care, and personalized care. Our goal is to help you create substantial and sustainable life changes for overall, long-lasting wellness. At The Wellness Academy, we provide care and dedication, along with a comprehensive healing space that raises the bar for well-being and mental health care in the Tampa Bay area. We are committed to meeting the individualized needs of our clients to the fullest extent possible.
The Wellness Academy is a mental health clinic offering group therapy, individual therapy, and psychiatric services. We provide the highest level of privacy, quality mental health care, psychiatric care, and personalized care. Our goal is to help you create substantial and sustainable life changes for overall, long-lasting wellness. At The Wellness Academy, we provide care and dedication, along with a comprehensive healing space that raises the bar for well-being and mental health care in the Tampa Bay area. We are committed to meeting the individualized needs of our clients to the fullest extent possible.
(813) 680-5281 View (813) 680-5281
Photo of Susan Dm Kelley, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Susan Dm Kelley
Counselor, PhD, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33614
I have been in practice in Tampa since 2001 serving adults with depression and/or mood disorders, PTSD, conversion disorder and serious physical illnesses that have a mental health component (e.g., MS, cancer, autoimmune disorders). I am a professor emerita of behavioral health from the University of South Florida where I taught graduate students from 1993 to 2011 - my areas of expertise included psychopathology, pathophysiology, psychopharmacology, and research.
I have been in practice in Tampa since 2001 serving adults with depression and/or mood disorders, PTSD, conversion disorder and serious physical illnesses that have a mental health component (e.g., MS, cancer, autoimmune disorders). I am a professor emerita of behavioral health from the University of South Florida where I taught graduate students from 1993 to 2011 - my areas of expertise included psychopathology, pathophysiology, psychopharmacology, and research.
(813) 365-3094 View (813) 365-3094
Photo of Brittany Hamilton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Brittany Hamilton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33619  (Online Only)
Hi, I'm Brittany. I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (i.e. therapist, change-agent, supporter, cheerleader, fact-checker, hype-woman, sounding board, ...) who is here for you. I have a diverse experience of working in many settings (schools, prisons, residential treatment, telehealth), with different populations (students, parents, first responders, paramedics, military personnel and families, incarcerated individuals and families), and mentoring new therapists pursuing licensure. I've been a practicing clinician for over 10 years in Tampa, FL with a focus on wellbeing, boundaries, and meeting you where you're at.
Hi, I'm Brittany. I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (i.e. therapist, change-agent, supporter, cheerleader, fact-checker, hype-woman, sounding board, ...) who is here for you. I have a diverse experience of working in many settings (schools, prisons, residential treatment, telehealth), with different populations (students, parents, first responders, paramedics, military personnel and families, incarcerated individuals and families), and mentoring new therapists pursuing licensure. I've been a practicing clinician for over 10 years in Tampa, FL with a focus on wellbeing, boundaries, and meeting you where you're at.
(813) 796-5945 View (813) 796-5945
Photo of Diana Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Diana Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33606
You’re supposed to be an expert in your field, but you certainly don’t feel like it. You try your hardest, but you still feel like an imposter. The worst part? You just know others can see right through the pretending despite your efforts to maintain the appearance that everything is just fine. The voice in your head tells you how you’re not enough. You look through Instagram and wonder how everyone else has it together. You’re juggling too many projects because you can’t say “No.” You know you need help but aren’t sure where to begin. You wish you could find a way to just relax, let go of the worry, and embrace the present moment
You’re supposed to be an expert in your field, but you certainly don’t feel like it. You try your hardest, but you still feel like an imposter. The worst part? You just know others can see right through the pretending despite your efforts to maintain the appearance that everything is just fine. The voice in your head tells you how you’re not enough. You look through Instagram and wonder how everyone else has it together. You’re juggling too many projects because you can’t say “No.” You know you need help but aren’t sure where to begin. You wish you could find a way to just relax, let go of the worry, and embrace the present moment
(813) 213-3121 View (813) 213-3121
Photo of Stacy Raffington, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Stacy Raffington
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33614
Struggling with anxiety, depression, or relationship issues are hard, but coping with the world in its current state is emotionally draining. Taking the first step to prioritizing your mental health by seeking counseling can be nerve racking at first, but I promise you, it’s worth it! I’ve had the opportunity to work with clients struggling with various life problems including depression, anxiety, substance dependence, as well as marital discord. Being committed to the process and doing internal work is honestly my ideal client. I hope to help you achieve your personal goals & leave a positive impact on your life.
Struggling with anxiety, depression, or relationship issues are hard, but coping with the world in its current state is emotionally draining. Taking the first step to prioritizing your mental health by seeking counseling can be nerve racking at first, but I promise you, it’s worth it! I’ve had the opportunity to work with clients struggling with various life problems including depression, anxiety, substance dependence, as well as marital discord. Being committed to the process and doing internal work is honestly my ideal client. I hope to help you achieve your personal goals & leave a positive impact on your life.
(813) 544-7499 View (813) 544-7499
Photo of Corey O'Connell, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Corey O'Connell
Counselor, MAC, MDiv, NBCC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33624
Are you finding it difficult to make sense of your relationships, current symptoms, and past hurts? Are you experiencing triggers, flashbacks, disturbing dreams, or have dissociative episodes? Perhaps you have been part of a traumatic event, an abusive relationship, or have complex trauma from childhood. Are you looking for a counselor who treats their clients with professionalism, respect, communicates clearly, and who has specialized training in working with trauma? Together we can help you understand what you went through while creating a clear pathway to meaningful and lasting changes that uses your individual strengths.
Are you finding it difficult to make sense of your relationships, current symptoms, and past hurts? Are you experiencing triggers, flashbacks, disturbing dreams, or have dissociative episodes? Perhaps you have been part of a traumatic event, an abusive relationship, or have complex trauma from childhood. Are you looking for a counselor who treats their clients with professionalism, respect, communicates clearly, and who has specialized training in working with trauma? Together we can help you understand what you went through while creating a clear pathway to meaningful and lasting changes that uses your individual strengths.
(813) 640-4586 View (813) 640-4586
Photo of Marielisa Montero Savinon, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tampa, FL
Marielisa Montero Savinon
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33606  (Online Only)
I am passionate about helping people be the best version of themselves. With compassion and understanding, I work collaboratively with each individual to help them build on their unique strengths whilst moving forward. I can help you overcome challenges by breaking negative cycles of interaction, healing connections and improving communication. Areas of interest include: PTSD, trauma, DID, depression, anxiety, and grief/loss. I have training in EMDR, and my approach is solution focused, narrative and cognitive behavioral. I am licensed in FL, TX & NC.
I am passionate about helping people be the best version of themselves. With compassion and understanding, I work collaboratively with each individual to help them build on their unique strengths whilst moving forward. I can help you overcome challenges by breaking negative cycles of interaction, healing connections and improving communication. Areas of interest include: PTSD, trauma, DID, depression, anxiety, and grief/loss. I have training in EMDR, and my approach is solution focused, narrative and cognitive behavioral. I am licensed in FL, TX & NC.
(813) 560-0737 View (813) 560-0737
Photo of Earnestine Carswell, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Earnestine Carswell
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33602  (Online Only)
When we run into challenges it can be so tough to develop a plan that contains self-love, empowerment and confidence. Are you struggling to make yourself a priority? Together we will create, not just ways to cope and heal, but ways to live a high performing life! For those who have been victims of interpersonal violence (domestic violence, sex assault, survivor of childhood trauma or assault) or a traumatic experience. My role includes creating awareness, making connections between past and present, discussing possibilities and expressing confidence in your ability to transform your life.
When we run into challenges it can be so tough to develop a plan that contains self-love, empowerment and confidence. Are you struggling to make yourself a priority? Together we will create, not just ways to cope and heal, but ways to live a high performing life! For those who have been victims of interpersonal violence (domestic violence, sex assault, survivor of childhood trauma or assault) or a traumatic experience. My role includes creating awareness, making connections between past and present, discussing possibilities and expressing confidence in your ability to transform your life.
(813) 296-5109 View (813) 296-5109
Photo of Marion C. Huey, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Marion C. Huey
Counselor, LMHC, NCC, MAC, SAP
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33607  (Online Only)
I have been practicing as a therapist in Tampa Bay for over 20 years. I view each person as unique and the specific therapeutic technique chosen for the person depends upon the type problem presented and the specific needs. In the first session, problems are assessed and identified and goals are established and a specific plan to meet the goals is developed. My task as therapist is to teach the skills and knowledge needed so that my clients have the skills to be their "own therapists" when therapy is completed.
I have been practicing as a therapist in Tampa Bay for over 20 years. I view each person as unique and the specific therapeutic technique chosen for the person depends upon the type problem presented and the specific needs. In the first session, problems are assessed and identified and goals are established and a specific plan to meet the goals is developed. My task as therapist is to teach the skills and knowledge needed so that my clients have the skills to be their "own therapists" when therapy is completed.
(813) 508-7919 View (813) 508-7919
Photo of Shauna Kelly, Pre-Licensed Professional in Tampa, FL
Shauna Kelly
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, RMHCI, CWCM
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33607
You are always only one decision away from a completely different life! I take an individualized approach and utilize evidenced based techniques that are optimal for your personal goals, individual needs, and situation. My goal is to be able to provide a safe environment for you to be able to explore and understand yourself and your needs more optimally. I am here to support you in navigating through your most personal and difficult phases of life, whatever that looks like for you today!
You are always only one decision away from a completely different life! I take an individualized approach and utilize evidenced based techniques that are optimal for your personal goals, individual needs, and situation. My goal is to be able to provide a safe environment for you to be able to explore and understand yourself and your needs more optimally. I am here to support you in navigating through your most personal and difficult phases of life, whatever that looks like for you today!
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Photo of Khalesha Gibson, Pre-Licensed Professional in Tampa, FL
Khalesha Gibson
Pre-Licensed Professional, CWCM, MA-I
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33612
I am an aspiring Clinical Rehabilitation and Mental Health Counselor pursuing a master's degree at the University of South Florida. My goal is to offer compassionate care to clients experiencing anxiety, navigating life transitions, coping with grief, and managing stress. I am passionate about helping individuals regain their equilibrium and find resilience in the face of life's challenges.
I am an aspiring Clinical Rehabilitation and Mental Health Counselor pursuing a master's degree at the University of South Florida. My goal is to offer compassionate care to clients experiencing anxiety, navigating life transitions, coping with grief, and managing stress. I am passionate about helping individuals regain their equilibrium and find resilience in the face of life's challenges.
(813) 491-1609 View (813) 491-1609
Photo of Katy Rosini, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Katy Rosini
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MPH, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33609
Treating eating disorders is my passion. After recovering from my own eating disorder, I decided I would dedicate my life to helping others recover too. I am a skilled clinician who has been extensively trained in the treatment of eating disorders and co-occuring disorders. I am a board member of the Tampa Bay chapter of International Association of Eating Disorder Professionals and I co-facilitate support groups for the Alliance for Eating Disorder Awareness. I have worked at all levels of care, inpatient, residential, intensive outpatient and out-patient and understand the seriousness and severity of eating disorders.
Treating eating disorders is my passion. After recovering from my own eating disorder, I decided I would dedicate my life to helping others recover too. I am a skilled clinician who has been extensively trained in the treatment of eating disorders and co-occuring disorders. I am a board member of the Tampa Bay chapter of International Association of Eating Disorder Professionals and I co-facilitate support groups for the Alliance for Eating Disorder Awareness. I have worked at all levels of care, inpatient, residential, intensive outpatient and out-patient and understand the seriousness and severity of eating disorders.
(727) 235-7508 View (727) 235-7508

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tampa, FL

2,000+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Tampa, FL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
74% Self Esteem
71% Relationship Issues
71% Coping Skills
69% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Aetna
81% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
78% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Tampa, FL see their clients

51% In Person and Online
49% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tampa?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.