Therapists in 06502

Photo of Stacia Montague, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Stacia Montague
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
Welcome to Healing from Within Counseling, LLC. I’m Stacia Montague, LCSW, and I offer a compassionate, nonjudgmental space where you can show up exactly as you are. Therapy with me is about feeling seen, heard, and supported without pressure or rushing the process. Together, we move at your pace as we explore challenges, build emotional strength, and reconnect with your inner resilience. You don’t have to navigate this journey alone. Healing begins within, and I’d be honored to walk alongside you. This is a space for growth, reflection, and healing, where your experiences matter and your story is respected. All are welcome here.
Welcome to Healing from Within Counseling, LLC. I’m Stacia Montague, LCSW, and I offer a compassionate, nonjudgmental space where you can show up exactly as you are. Therapy with me is about feeling seen, heard, and supported without pressure or rushing the process. Together, we move at your pace as we explore challenges, build emotional strength, and reconnect with your inner resilience. You don’t have to navigate this journey alone. Healing begins within, and I’d be honored to walk alongside you. This is a space for growth, reflection, and healing, where your experiences matter and your story is respected. All are welcome here.
(203) 805-7571 View (203) 805-7571
Photo of Maria Shkreli, Counselor, LCSW
Maria Shkreli
Counselor, LCSW
Serves Area
You don’t need to be fixed — you need to be understood. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who has been practicing since 2013. My clinical background includes extensive training in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and trauma-informed care. I also integrate relational approaches and working knowledge of couple’s frameworks when supporting partners and families. I offer virtual and in-person appointments for clients 14+. You don’t need to have everything figured out before you come to therapy — you just need a place to start.
You don’t need to be fixed — you need to be understood. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who has been practicing since 2013. My clinical background includes extensive training in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and trauma-informed care. I also integrate relational approaches and working knowledge of couple’s frameworks when supporting partners and families. I offer virtual and in-person appointments for clients 14+. You don’t need to have everything figured out before you come to therapy — you just need a place to start.
(475) 234-0143 View (475) 234-0143
Photo of Soribel Martinez - SMPsychotherapy & Counseling Services , LCSW, MA, MSW
SMPsychotherapy & Counseling Services
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Are you feeling Depressed? Are you constantly anxious and worried about your future? Are you having a difficult time developing and maintaining healthy relationships? You are not alone. Many women feel the same you do. The good new is that there is hope. We help women just like you take control over your life once and for all. I will help you identify the core causes of your symptoms of depression, anxiety, and why your relationships are not working for you. By the end of your treatment, you will be able to feel: Happier. Peaceful. Able to enjoy meaningful and healthier relationships.
Are you feeling Depressed? Are you constantly anxious and worried about your future? Are you having a difficult time developing and maintaining healthy relationships? You are not alone. Many women feel the same you do. The good new is that there is hope. We help women just like you take control over your life once and for all. I will help you identify the core causes of your symptoms of depression, anxiety, and why your relationships are not working for you. By the end of your treatment, you will be able to feel: Happier. Peaceful. Able to enjoy meaningful and healthier relationships.
(475) 252-9132 View (475) 252-9132
Photo of Kerry-Ann Frank - Graceful Mindset Therapy LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Graceful Mindset Therapy LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Serves Area
Healing is a process in which we should give ourselves Grace. I will not pretend to have the answers to your problems, but by taking a team approach, we can get you to a place where you can achieve the results you are looking for. I love working with adolescents, young adults, and adults who suffer from low self-esteem, anxiety, and depression and feel lost in everyday life—women who think that they have no voice in society. People who feel disconnected from their family of origin want to reconnect, and parents who want a closer bond with their children.
Healing is a process in which we should give ourselves Grace. I will not pretend to have the answers to your problems, but by taking a team approach, we can get you to a place where you can achieve the results you are looking for. I love working with adolescents, young adults, and adults who suffer from low self-esteem, anxiety, and depression and feel lost in everyday life—women who think that they have no voice in society. People who feel disconnected from their family of origin want to reconnect, and parents who want a closer bond with their children.
(203) 635-8664 View (203) 635-8664
Photo of Natalie Murphy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Natalie Murphy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Serves Area
Hello and welcome. I have worked in various clinical settings including in-home counseling, community mentorship program, and group practices similar to WCT. I have experience working with adults and adolescents and children who suffer from anxiety, depression, everyday life stressors, ADHD, eating disorders, substance use, and trauma. I also have training in multisystemic therapy (MST) and prolonged exposure therapy (PE) for those suffering with deep rooted trauma. Through an integrative approach, I will help you identify your goals, barriers, and strengths in a comfortable environment.
Hello and welcome. I have worked in various clinical settings including in-home counseling, community mentorship program, and group practices similar to WCT. I have experience working with adults and adolescents and children who suffer from anxiety, depression, everyday life stressors, ADHD, eating disorders, substance use, and trauma. I also have training in multisystemic therapy (MST) and prolonged exposure therapy (PE) for those suffering with deep rooted trauma. Through an integrative approach, I will help you identify your goals, barriers, and strengths in a comfortable environment.
(203) 204-9854 View (203) 204-9854
Photo of Charlie Folks, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Charlie Folks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Serves Area
Thanks for taking the time to check out my profile. I have worked in the field of substance use disorder for over 40 years. I have a Masters in Social Work and have had many management positions at addiction treatment facilities throughout the years. My passion is working with patients on an individual basis to help process their issues using evidenced-based treatment modalities while also building strong support networks of recovery.
Thanks for taking the time to check out my profile. I have worked in the field of substance use disorder for over 40 years. I have a Masters in Social Work and have had many management positions at addiction treatment facilities throughout the years. My passion is working with patients on an individual basis to help process their issues using evidenced-based treatment modalities while also building strong support networks of recovery.
(267) 214-5027 View (267) 214-5027
Photo of Susan Colwell Campion, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LADC
Susan Colwell Campion
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LADC
Serves Area
For 40 years, it has been my deep privilege to provide therapeutic services to clients, who wish to successfully address their current individual, relational, and family stressors. Working with couples and families, I facilitate their resolution of complex issues by building trust and respect for each other and in their mutual commitment to mindful and productive Change. As an addiction specialist, I provide a range of services from early recovery support, family re-integration, and specialized counseling to support long-term recovery.
For 40 years, it has been my deep privilege to provide therapeutic services to clients, who wish to successfully address their current individual, relational, and family stressors. Working with couples and families, I facilitate their resolution of complex issues by building trust and respect for each other and in their mutual commitment to mindful and productive Change. As an addiction specialist, I provide a range of services from early recovery support, family re-integration, and specialized counseling to support long-term recovery.
(203) 903-9684 View (203) 903-9684
Photo of Rebecca Daddio, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PMH-C
Rebecca Daddio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PMH-C
Serves Area
Accepting New Telehealth Clients! As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I have years of experience working with individuals who have had a wide variety of challenges. I take an empathetic, supportive, and strengths-based approach to help my clients navigate the obstacles they are facing, all while assisting them in achieving their personal goals.
Accepting New Telehealth Clients! As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I have years of experience working with individuals who have had a wide variety of challenges. I take an empathetic, supportive, and strengths-based approach to help my clients navigate the obstacles they are facing, all while assisting them in achieving their personal goals.
(475) 263-4761 View (475) 263-4761
Photo of Jill Frame, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CST
Jill Frame
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CST
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
If you are looking for a results-oriented therapist, you've come to the right place! I focus on what you are already doing well and build on it. I also help you look at your difficulties from different perspectives. A heads up, I’m not the typical talk therapist. I’m not interested in you sitting on the couch with me for years. I want you to jump all in, do the hard work, heal well and get on with living your life.
If you are looking for a results-oriented therapist, you've come to the right place! I focus on what you are already doing well and build on it. I also help you look at your difficulties from different perspectives. A heads up, I’m not the typical talk therapist. I’m not interested in you sitting on the couch with me for years. I want you to jump all in, do the hard work, heal well and get on with living your life.
(317) 676-6918 View (317) 676-6918
Photo of Kevin Shea, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Kevin Shea
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Serves Area
Feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or unsure of your next step can be exhausting—but you don’t have to face it alone. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 30 years of experience, I help individuals navigate anxiety, depression, trauma, and life transitions with compassion and practical tools. My approach is warm, collaborative, and focused on helping you gain insight, build confidence, and feel more in control of your thoughts, emotions, and daily life. Therapy should be a place where you feel heard, understood, and supported. When you're ready, I’m here to help you move forward with clarity and confidence.
Feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or unsure of your next step can be exhausting—but you don’t have to face it alone. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 30 years of experience, I help individuals navigate anxiety, depression, trauma, and life transitions with compassion and practical tools. My approach is warm, collaborative, and focused on helping you gain insight, build confidence, and feel more in control of your thoughts, emotions, and daily life. Therapy should be a place where you feel heard, understood, and supported. When you're ready, I’m here to help you move forward with clarity and confidence.
(475) 255-2442 View (475) 255-2442
Photo of Serena Duckrow - The Southern NH Expressive Arts Therapy Studio, PL, Clinical Mental Health Counselor, PhD, LCMHC, ATR-BC, ATCS, LCPC
The Southern NH Expressive Arts Therapy Studio, PL
Clinical Mental Health Counselor, PhD, LCMHC, ATR-BC, ATCS, LCPC
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hello! We believe that therapy is about the relationship that you have with your therapist. Connection and collaboration is what is important in this line of work. As expressive arts therapists we are creatively working with children, teens, and adults who are interested in making positive changes, taking next steps in life. If you are working on yourself to understand yourself and others more clearly, this practice may be a great fit! We use humor and clinical skill to help you feel comfortable enough to share.
Hello! We believe that therapy is about the relationship that you have with your therapist. Connection and collaboration is what is important in this line of work. As expressive arts therapists we are creatively working with children, teens, and adults who are interested in making positive changes, taking next steps in life. If you are working on yourself to understand yourself and others more clearly, this practice may be a great fit! We use humor and clinical skill to help you feel comfortable enough to share.
(603) 780-4025 View (603) 780-4025
Photo of Dr. Leila L. Jarrett, Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MA, LMFT
Dr. Leila L. Jarrett
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MA, LMFT
Serves Area
Our practice is staffed by a diverse team of skilled clinicians who provide compassionate care for a wide range of emotional and relational needs. We specialize in trauma, grief and loss, domestic violence, relationship and marital issues, infidelity, anxiety, depression, terminal illness, & more. We proudly serve individuals ages 5+. We are pleased to now offer Concierge Services for out-of-pocket clients. We accept most major insurance plans, including Husky/Medicaid, and we also welcome self-pay clients. Commercial and Medicaid clients are offered both in-office and Telehealth sessions.
Our practice is staffed by a diverse team of skilled clinicians who provide compassionate care for a wide range of emotional and relational needs. We specialize in trauma, grief and loss, domestic violence, relationship and marital issues, infidelity, anxiety, depression, terminal illness, & more. We proudly serve individuals ages 5+. We are pleased to now offer Concierge Services for out-of-pocket clients. We accept most major insurance plans, including Husky/Medicaid, and we also welcome self-pay clients. Commercial and Medicaid clients are offered both in-office and Telehealth sessions.
(860) 901-0686 View (860) 901-0686
Photo of Daniel Romano, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Daniel Romano
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am a therapist with over 10 years of experience working with youth who are dealing with trauma and depression. I've spent years working with children and families as a DCF worker, foster care therapist, outpatient therapist, and now as a school based therapist. If you are dealing with anxiety, depression, anger, trauma, family issues, or any tough emotional struggle, please call or email me!
I am a therapist with over 10 years of experience working with youth who are dealing with trauma and depression. I've spent years working with children and families as a DCF worker, foster care therapist, outpatient therapist, and now as a school based therapist. If you are dealing with anxiety, depression, anger, trauma, family issues, or any tough emotional struggle, please call or email me!
(475) 253-2726 View (475) 253-2726
Photo of Morgan Jay Cummings, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LADC
Morgan Jay Cummings
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LADC
Serves Area
Come find relief for mind, body, and soul and release what no longer serves you. We would be developing discussion of dreams goals of what needs to happen immediately, challenges to the immediate, what is imagined at 6 months, one year, and for the lifespan! With time, we resource and strengthen self esteem and self-love. Come find out what no longer serves you in life and let my skills help you bravely face and leave behind those thoughts, feelings, and beliefs that keep you from what you truly you want out your life.
Come find relief for mind, body, and soul and release what no longer serves you. We would be developing discussion of dreams goals of what needs to happen immediately, challenges to the immediate, what is imagined at 6 months, one year, and for the lifespan! With time, we resource and strengthen self esteem and self-love. Come find out what no longer serves you in life and let my skills help you bravely face and leave behind those thoughts, feelings, and beliefs that keep you from what you truly you want out your life.
(860) 406-7248 View (860) 406-7248
Photo of Jonathan A Schneider, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Jonathan A Schneider
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Sometimes everything in life feels unmanageable or shattered in the moment but...YOU are not broken. Experiencing mental health concerns and challenges is not uncommon. I strive to honor the unique individual therapeutic alliance with every person I see as a change agent of positive progress in a person's life.
Sometimes everything in life feels unmanageable or shattered in the moment but...YOU are not broken. Experiencing mental health concerns and challenges is not uncommon. I strive to honor the unique individual therapeutic alliance with every person I see as a change agent of positive progress in a person's life.
(203) 405-9157 View (203) 405-9157
Photo of Neal Sardana - Authentic Career Wellness, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Authentic Career Wellness
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Serves Area
Find Career Alignment That Feels True to You! Are you seeking a career — and a life — that truly reflects who you are? Do you feel ready to step into your next chapter, but unsure where to begin? My name is Neal Sardana and I am a therapist, coach, and Certified ADHD Career Strategist. I am dedicated to helping individuals navigate life and career transitions with clarity, confidence, and authenticity. Career transitions are not only about résumés and cover letters — they’re about self-exploration, meaning, and fulfillment. I work with clients to explore both the practical and inner dimensions of their career and life.
Find Career Alignment That Feels True to You! Are you seeking a career — and a life — that truly reflects who you are? Do you feel ready to step into your next chapter, but unsure where to begin? My name is Neal Sardana and I am a therapist, coach, and Certified ADHD Career Strategist. I am dedicated to helping individuals navigate life and career transitions with clarity, confidence, and authenticity. Career transitions are not only about résumés and cover letters — they’re about self-exploration, meaning, and fulfillment. I work with clients to explore both the practical and inner dimensions of their career and life.
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Photo of Vernon T Moore, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Vernon T Moore
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Serves Area
I work with clients who may be suffering from depression, lack of drive, relationship, professional and personal issues. In need of professional support, guidance, and counseling. They may have trouble identifying goals , trouble sustaining goals, following through on the actions necessary to reach those goals, or may have never had any goals. Some have also never been challenged to address behaviors that have resulted in repetitive actions or negative consequences. I help those who want a change in some aspect of their life and see it as a necessity to better their quality of life
I work with clients who may be suffering from depression, lack of drive, relationship, professional and personal issues. In need of professional support, guidance, and counseling. They may have trouble identifying goals , trouble sustaining goals, following through on the actions necessary to reach those goals, or may have never had any goals. Some have also never been challenged to address behaviors that have resulted in repetitive actions or negative consequences. I help those who want a change in some aspect of their life and see it as a necessity to better their quality of life
(203) 699-6897 View (203) 699-6897
Photo of Shannon E. N. Wiggins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Shannon E. N. Wiggins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Shannon is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 19 years of experience in the field of mental health, substance abuse, at risk youth and young adults, juvenile justice, homelessness, domestic violence, depression, anxiety, and PTSD from past trauma. Shannon’s approach in therapy derives from many therapeutic approaches utilizing Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, Motivational Interviewing and Mindfulness activities. Shannon brings forth a sense of enthusiasm and compassion while empowering her clients to channel their inner voice. Call for a free 15 min consultation.
Shannon is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 19 years of experience in the field of mental health, substance abuse, at risk youth and young adults, juvenile justice, homelessness, domestic violence, depression, anxiety, and PTSD from past trauma. Shannon’s approach in therapy derives from many therapeutic approaches utilizing Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, Motivational Interviewing and Mindfulness activities. Shannon brings forth a sense of enthusiasm and compassion while empowering her clients to channel their inner voice. Call for a free 15 min consultation.
(860) 782-6731 View (860) 782-6731
Photo of Barbara Ellen Doak, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCDP-D
Barbara Ellen Doak
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCDP-D
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Do you struggle with feeling disconnected from yourself and others? Now more then ever than ever, people are feeling anxious, overwhelmed and uncertain about how they are supposed to mange their relationships, careers and their lives. You are whole just as you are, and you do not need to be, fixed. Therapy will expand your capacity to cope and ignite your sense of hope. Hope has the power to build resilience and support mental wellness even in difficult times.
Do you struggle with feeling disconnected from yourself and others? Now more then ever than ever, people are feeling anxious, overwhelmed and uncertain about how they are supposed to mange their relationships, careers and their lives. You are whole just as you are, and you do not need to be, fixed. Therapy will expand your capacity to cope and ignite your sense of hope. Hope has the power to build resilience and support mental wellness even in difficult times.
(860) 374-2941 View (860) 374-2941
Photo of Eleanor Jimenez-Franck, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Eleanor Jimenez-Franck
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Online Only
Are you feeling overwhelmed by school, life transitions, or the pressure to “have it all figured out”? Whether you're a college student juggling academic stress and big decisions, a single parent striving to support your child while honoring your own values, or a neurodivergent professional seeking balance, grounding, and emotional clarity — you don’t have to navigate it alone. Whatever your situation, you deserve support, practical strategies, and a safe space to explore your goals, build confidence and create meaningful change.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by school, life transitions, or the pressure to “have it all figured out”? Whether you're a college student juggling academic stress and big decisions, a single parent striving to support your child while honoring your own values, or a neurodivergent professional seeking balance, grounding, and emotional clarity — you don’t have to navigate it alone. Whatever your situation, you deserve support, practical strategies, and a safe space to explore your goals, build confidence and create meaningful change.
(475) 260-7970 View (475) 260-7970

See more therapy options for 06502

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 06502

30+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in 06502 who prioritize treating:

92% Depression
82% Anxiety
82% Social Anxiety
82% Health Anxiety
82% Driving Anxiety
76% Stress
66% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Anthem
73% Aetna
73% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 06502 see their clients

55% Online Only
45% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

69% Female
28% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 06502?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.