Photo of Rachel Stouck, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel Stouck
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Somerville, MA 02143  (Online Only)
I am a LICSW with experience working in a variety of treatment settings. I am passionate about helping adults (18+) improve their quality of life by learning how to achieve balance, navigate life stressors, and set boundaries. Majority of my work addresses symptoms related to anxiety, depression, burnout, body image, stress management, and self esteem. My therapeutic style is open, empathetic, and curious, with a dash of humor and attitude.
I am a LICSW with experience working in a variety of treatment settings. I am passionate about helping adults (18+) improve their quality of life by learning how to achieve balance, navigate life stressors, and set boundaries. Majority of my work addresses symptoms related to anxiety, depression, burnout, body image, stress management, and self esteem. My therapeutic style is open, empathetic, and curious, with a dash of humor and attitude.
(857) 575-3180 View (857) 575-3180
Photo of Robert A Graceffo, PhD, Psychologist
Robert A Graceffo
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Somerville, MA 02143
For nine years I’ve been part of the Harvard Medical School system, first as a trainee, now as faculty member. I'm trained primarily in psychodynamic therapy, but principles/interventions from other paradigms also inform my work. Ultimately, the nature of therapy depends on the patient and their goals. For this reason, the course of therapy is hard to describe, but it seems only to work amidst empathy, respect, and compassion, not to mention humor (sometimes life can only be laughed at). This is a perspective I lay out in some detail in a new two-volume book, published by Routledge, titled, "A Humane Vision of Clinical Psychology."
For nine years I’ve been part of the Harvard Medical School system, first as a trainee, now as faculty member. I'm trained primarily in psychodynamic therapy, but principles/interventions from other paradigms also inform my work. Ultimately, the nature of therapy depends on the patient and their goals. For this reason, the course of therapy is hard to describe, but it seems only to work amidst empathy, respect, and compassion, not to mention humor (sometimes life can only be laughed at). This is a perspective I lay out in some detail in a new two-volume book, published by Routledge, titled, "A Humane Vision of Clinical Psychology."
(617) 996-7268 View (617) 996-7268
Photo of Margo Grossberg, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Margo Grossberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Somerville, MA 02143  (Online Only)
Therapy provides a safe environment to work on the issues and situations that might be hindering your ability to function as you want to. Every client is different, and my goal is to help you feel more able to identify your specific challenges and develop the skills and strategies to manage them. My style is strengths based and interactive, drawing from psychodynamic approaches as well as behavioral interventions such as CBT and ACT.
Therapy provides a safe environment to work on the issues and situations that might be hindering your ability to function as you want to. Every client is different, and my goal is to help you feel more able to identify your specific challenges and develop the skills and strategies to manage them. My style is strengths based and interactive, drawing from psychodynamic approaches as well as behavioral interventions such as CBT and ACT.
(617) 741-7213 View (617) 741-7213
Photo of Helen Ni, LICSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Helen Ni
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Somerville, MA 02143  (Online Only)
Although the road to wellness is not linear, there is hope, and change is possible. Depression and anxiety, worry, stress, and feeling overwhelmed- these are all familiar concerns and normal in the human experience. We've all experienced it. Sometimes they can be difficult to manage and that's when talk therapy can be incredibly useful. But most important: I'm glad you're here. Let's build a collaborative therapeutic relationship.
Although the road to wellness is not linear, there is hope, and change is possible. Depression and anxiety, worry, stress, and feeling overwhelmed- these are all familiar concerns and normal in the human experience. We've all experienced it. Sometimes they can be difficult to manage and that's when talk therapy can be incredibly useful. But most important: I'm glad you're here. Let's build a collaborative therapeutic relationship.
(617) 915-2389 View (617) 915-2389
Photo of Jeffrey Siegel, EdM, MA, CPT, DEPC
Jeffrey Siegel
EdM, MA, CPT, DEPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Somerville, MA 02143  (Online Only)
I work with men who are feeling "off their game" and want to fulfill their personal and professional potential. Stuck in unhealthy habits? Repeating self-destructive patterns? Are you undermining your health and happiness? I give you accountability and support to make a change in how you take care of yourself. Stop beating yourself up. Start getting control of what really matters.
I work with men who are feeling "off their game" and want to fulfill their personal and professional potential. Stuck in unhealthy habits? Repeating self-destructive patterns? Are you undermining your health and happiness? I give you accountability and support to make a change in how you take care of yourself. Stop beating yourself up. Start getting control of what really matters.
(215) 515-7206 View (215) 515-7206
Photo of Laura Uribe, LICSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Laura Uribe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Somerville, MA 02143  (Online Only)
Seeking support in therapy can be the first step to re-gaining a sense of control and a hope in the possibility of change. My clients often face challenges related to life transitions in employment, relationships, family life, and education. They also seek support in navigating the daily struggles of life, from the stress of media consumption to confronting the debilitating impacts of oppressive systems. I also work with clients facing existential dread, including death anxiety, as well as those dealing with illness, end-of-life issues, and bereavement, whether personally or supporting a loved one.
Seeking support in therapy can be the first step to re-gaining a sense of control and a hope in the possibility of change. My clients often face challenges related to life transitions in employment, relationships, family life, and education. They also seek support in navigating the daily struggles of life, from the stress of media consumption to confronting the debilitating impacts of oppressive systems. I also work with clients facing existential dread, including death anxiety, as well as those dealing with illness, end-of-life issues, and bereavement, whether personally or supporting a loved one.
(857) 847-5065 View (857) 847-5065
Photo of Michael Robbins, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Michael Robbins
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Somerville, MA 02143
Not accepting new clients
Awards - Best of Somerville for Therapy - 2019, 2020 and 2021! As a psychotherapist I bring a depth of expertise to my work that has been sharpened by more than 35 years of clinical experience. The cornerstone of my therapeutic work is to help people become fully present in the Here and Now, free from dysfunctional roles, psychological distortions, trauma and body armoring. I use a variety of modalities including Sensorimotor Psychotherapy, Spiritual Psychology, Systems Oriented Therapy, Existential/Psychoanalytic Therapy, Meditation, Qi Gong Therapy and Body Oriented Psychotherapies. I work with individuals, couples and groups.
Awards - Best of Somerville for Therapy - 2019, 2020 and 2021! As a psychotherapist I bring a depth of expertise to my work that has been sharpened by more than 35 years of clinical experience. The cornerstone of my therapeutic work is to help people become fully present in the Here and Now, free from dysfunctional roles, psychological distortions, trauma and body armoring. I use a variety of modalities including Sensorimotor Psychotherapy, Spiritual Psychology, Systems Oriented Therapy, Existential/Psychoanalytic Therapy, Meditation, Qi Gong Therapy and Body Oriented Psychotherapies. I work with individuals, couples and groups.
(617) 415-7141 View (617) 415-7141
Photo of Sondermind - Therapy That Works., LMHC, Counselor
Sondermind - Therapy That Works.
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Somerville, MA 02143  (Online Only)
SonderMind is your mental health home. Our provider group of over 10,000 mental health professionals is driven by a shared mission to improve the lives of our clients through accessible and personalized care. We provide our clients with all the tools and resources to live happier, healthier lives. We understand the importance of finding the right therapist that fits your unique needs and, most importantly – that it actually works. Find a therapist who is available today to see you now. Stop searching and start moving forward with SonderMind.
SonderMind is your mental health home. Our provider group of over 10,000 mental health professionals is driven by a shared mission to improve the lives of our clients through accessible and personalized care. We provide our clients with all the tools and resources to live happier, healthier lives. We understand the importance of finding the right therapist that fits your unique needs and, most importantly – that it actually works. Find a therapist who is available today to see you now. Stop searching and start moving forward with SonderMind.
(617) 870-6979 View (617) 870-6979
Photo of Melissa Russo, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melissa Russo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Somerville, MA 02143  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
We all have our own unique stressors. Finding ways to connect, harness our creativity, or find resilience can be challenging during these times. I have over 15 years of experience collaborating with folks who are navigating anxiety, depression, loneliness, and grief. These factors often manifest as barriers to the relationships we want, to fulfilling work, and to reaching our goals and dreams. I use a down-to-earth, person-centered approach informed by extensive training in modalities that help to examine or shift behaviors and patterns. We are all human and can't do it alone, so please take the first step and reach out.
We all have our own unique stressors. Finding ways to connect, harness our creativity, or find resilience can be challenging during these times. I have over 15 years of experience collaborating with folks who are navigating anxiety, depression, loneliness, and grief. These factors often manifest as barriers to the relationships we want, to fulfilling work, and to reaching our goals and dreams. I use a down-to-earth, person-centered approach informed by extensive training in modalities that help to examine or shift behaviors and patterns. We are all human and can't do it alone, so please take the first step and reach out.
(617) 286-3974 View (617) 286-3974
Photo of Jordan Moore, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jordan Moore
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Somerville, MA 02143
I am not your typical therapist. My greatest passion throughout my career has always been working with people who are truly driven to change their lives. With a deep therapeutic connection, the right tools, and the motivation to increase the quality of your life, real change can and does happen. I provide an open, safe, and completely non-judgemental space to work on anything and everything. There is truly no limit to what we can tackle. I will not turn you away for having an intense or very hard lived experience. I specialize in EMDR, DBT, and somatic experiencing work. I provide highly customized treatment to every client.
I am not your typical therapist. My greatest passion throughout my career has always been working with people who are truly driven to change their lives. With a deep therapeutic connection, the right tools, and the motivation to increase the quality of your life, real change can and does happen. I provide an open, safe, and completely non-judgemental space to work on anything and everything. There is truly no limit to what we can tackle. I will not turn you away for having an intense or very hard lived experience. I specialize in EMDR, DBT, and somatic experiencing work. I provide highly customized treatment to every client.
(781) 650-4368 View (781) 650-4368
Photo of Amos Worth, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amos Worth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Somerville, MA 02143
My clients come to me with a broad range of goals. Often they have concerns about relationships, meaning, or their place in the world, and these can be reflected in feelings of anxiety or sadness. Sometimes my clients come with a feeling that something in their life is not quite right, but lack clarity as to what that is, or what they really want.
My clients come to me with a broad range of goals. Often they have concerns about relationships, meaning, or their place in the world, and these can be reflected in feelings of anxiety or sadness. Sometimes my clients come with a feeling that something in their life is not quite right, but lack clarity as to what that is, or what they really want.
(339) 201-9686 View (339) 201-9686
Photo of Miranda Collura, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Miranda Collura
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Somerville, MA 02143  (Online Only)
I provide an affirming & open space for LGBTQ+ adolescents and adults. You are the expert on your life, and I want to join with you.
I provide an affirming & open space for LGBTQ+ adolescents and adults. You are the expert on your life, and I want to join with you.
(339) 229-6612 View (339) 229-6612
Photo of Stephanie A Troy, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stephanie A Troy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Somerville, MA 02143  (Online Only)
Life has struggles and strains as well as happiness and joy. Sometimes in life we lose our way and need guidance in finding our way back. In my practice I focus on supporting others through various emotional struggles such as better managing symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, self esteem, substance abuse, as well as various other life transitions through the use of mindfulness based practices, CBT and somatic practices such as yoga and meditation. The focus is on helping you build skills to manage emotions and find your way towards a happier and healthier you.
Life has struggles and strains as well as happiness and joy. Sometimes in life we lose our way and need guidance in finding our way back. In my practice I focus on supporting others through various emotional struggles such as better managing symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, self esteem, substance abuse, as well as various other life transitions through the use of mindfulness based practices, CBT and somatic practices such as yoga and meditation. The focus is on helping you build skills to manage emotions and find your way towards a happier and healthier you.
(857) 475-7657 View (857) 475-7657
Photo of Piero Goytizolo, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Piero Goytizolo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Somerville, MA 02143  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Hello/hola! My name is Piero and I am a gay, Peruvian, Spanish-speaking man who loves having ADHD and eating pizza. I deeply enjoy meeting with individuals, couples, and families, and it would be an honor to see how I can help you. I believe the most important thing in the therapeutic relationship is our connection, and that you enjoy meeting with me. You want a therapist who you look forward to seeing and who you feel comfortable and safe with, who is also willing to challenge you and help you grow. I like to be warm and friendly as well as direct and blunt, use humor when appropriate, and am comfortable talking about anything.
Hello/hola! My name is Piero and I am a gay, Peruvian, Spanish-speaking man who loves having ADHD and eating pizza. I deeply enjoy meeting with individuals, couples, and families, and it would be an honor to see how I can help you. I believe the most important thing in the therapeutic relationship is our connection, and that you enjoy meeting with me. You want a therapist who you look forward to seeing and who you feel comfortable and safe with, who is also willing to challenge you and help you grow. I like to be warm and friendly as well as direct and blunt, use humor when appropriate, and am comfortable talking about anything.
(617) 996-8904 View (617) 996-8904
Photo of Jenn Pontillo, LMHC, LCMHC, Counselor
Jenn Pontillo
Counselor, LMHC, LCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Somerville, MA 02143  (Online Only)
Hi! I have availability Mon-Thur and Fri 9-1 for virtual appts. Private pay, OON/superbills. Licensed in MA/RI/VT. My practice includes adults, educators, and healthcare professionals. My clients typically identify feelings of anxiety, depression, and uncertainty during life transitions. They are motivated, insightful, and seeking ways to regulate and process emotions. I provide support and guidance so that you are empowered to live a full, joyful, and authentic life. I lead with compassion, empathy, humor, and care. Creating a safe, supportive, and non-judgmental space for clients to share their story is incredibly important.
Hi! I have availability Mon-Thur and Fri 9-1 for virtual appts. Private pay, OON/superbills. Licensed in MA/RI/VT. My practice includes adults, educators, and healthcare professionals. My clients typically identify feelings of anxiety, depression, and uncertainty during life transitions. They are motivated, insightful, and seeking ways to regulate and process emotions. I provide support and guidance so that you are empowered to live a full, joyful, and authentic life. I lead with compassion, empathy, humor, and care. Creating a safe, supportive, and non-judgmental space for clients to share their story is incredibly important.
(781) 210-8151 View (781) 210-8151
Photo of Molly Donovan, Counselor
Molly Donovan
Counselor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Somerville, MA 02143
Do you feel sad, anxious, or stuck in a pattern of behavior that's not making you happy? Are you feeling overwhelmed by grief or stress? Coming to therapy is a time for you to reflect upon yourself, the quality of your life and your relationships. I provide a supportive, safe, nonjudgmental space to share your feelings and address aspects of yourself and your life that you'd like to change or enhance.
Do you feel sad, anxious, or stuck in a pattern of behavior that's not making you happy? Are you feeling overwhelmed by grief or stress? Coming to therapy is a time for you to reflect upon yourself, the quality of your life and your relationships. I provide a supportive, safe, nonjudgmental space to share your feelings and address aspects of yourself and your life that you'd like to change or enhance.
(781) 805-3410 View (781) 805-3410
Photo of James Graceffo, PhD, Psychologist
James Graceffo
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Somerville, MA 02143  (Online Only)
I have extensive experience working and training in University Counseling Centers (i.e., Penn State University Graduate Assistant, Pre-doctoral internship at Suffolk University, Post-doctoral Fellow at Tufts University followed by three years as a Staff Psychologist at Tufts). My clinical interests include college student mental health, in general; stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, interpersonal concerns, drug and alcohol use/misuse/abuse; Men’s issues; Childhood trauma; Working with students on the Autism Spectrum; Identity concerns; Relationship concerns; Issues of diversity and inclusion. Please see website for more info.
I have extensive experience working and training in University Counseling Centers (i.e., Penn State University Graduate Assistant, Pre-doctoral internship at Suffolk University, Post-doctoral Fellow at Tufts University followed by three years as a Staff Psychologist at Tufts). My clinical interests include college student mental health, in general; stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, interpersonal concerns, drug and alcohol use/misuse/abuse; Men’s issues; Childhood trauma; Working with students on the Autism Spectrum; Identity concerns; Relationship concerns; Issues of diversity and inclusion. Please see website for more info.
(315) 729-6215 View (315) 729-6215
Photo of Amy Book, LMHC, Counselor
Amy Book
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Somerville, MA 02143  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
In my 13 years of practice, I have found that self-compassion, meaningful relationships, and a sense of purpose are fundamental to well-being. However, the journey toward these elements can be limited by depression, anxiety, trauma, and difficult life transitions. I firmly believe that within each individual lies innate wisdom and expertise in their own experience and healing. My approach provides a warm and authentic space for us to delve into your experiences, thoughts, and emotions, empowering you to chart your unique path forward.
In my 13 years of practice, I have found that self-compassion, meaningful relationships, and a sense of purpose are fundamental to well-being. However, the journey toward these elements can be limited by depression, anxiety, trauma, and difficult life transitions. I firmly believe that within each individual lies innate wisdom and expertise in their own experience and healing. My approach provides a warm and authentic space for us to delve into your experiences, thoughts, and emotions, empowering you to chart your unique path forward.
(781) 905-8481 View (781) 905-8481
Photo of Zoe Silver, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Zoe Silver
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Somerville, MA 02143
I believe in the power of talking and the therapeutic relationship to help my clients better understand their inner worlds and cope with the complicated realities of life. Together, we strive to draw meaningful connections that can ultimately lead to personal fulfillment and successful relationships. My work is informed by psychodynamic concepts — exploring how the unconscious and early experiences may impact one's emotions and relationship dynamics. I emphasize collaboration and open dialogue about our process together, and use a social justice lens to acknowledge the ways in which the socio-political context impacts experience.
I believe in the power of talking and the therapeutic relationship to help my clients better understand their inner worlds and cope with the complicated realities of life. Together, we strive to draw meaningful connections that can ultimately lead to personal fulfillment and successful relationships. My work is informed by psychodynamic concepts — exploring how the unconscious and early experiences may impact one's emotions and relationship dynamics. I emphasize collaboration and open dialogue about our process together, and use a social justice lens to acknowledge the ways in which the socio-political context impacts experience.
(781) 257-8175 View (781) 257-8175
Photo of Daniel Bolton, LMHC, Counselor
Daniel Bolton
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Somerville, MA 02143
I have been a psychotherapist for 20 years. My practice specializes in helping men redefine their approach to relationships in a way that feels authentic, and in line with healthy male emotional development. I specialize in self-esteem, self-actualization, and helping men build and maintain attraction and intimacy. The foundation for male self-esteem begins in childhood and sets the foundation for men to share themselves in relationships, feel successful, and being a meaningful part of their children's lives. I also specialize in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in men and women, as well as recovery from abusive relationships.
I have been a psychotherapist for 20 years. My practice specializes in helping men redefine their approach to relationships in a way that feels authentic, and in line with healthy male emotional development. I specialize in self-esteem, self-actualization, and helping men build and maintain attraction and intimacy. The foundation for male self-esteem begins in childhood and sets the foundation for men to share themselves in relationships, feel successful, and being a meaningful part of their children's lives. I also specialize in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in men and women, as well as recovery from abusive relationships.
(617) 446-3111 View (617) 446-3111
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 02143

200+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in 02143 who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
90% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills
65% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% BlueCross and BlueShield
62% Aetna
59% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 02143 see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
19% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 02143?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.