Photo of Hege Usborne, UKCP Trainee, Psychotherapist
Hege Usborne
Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
Verified Verified
Waitlist for new clients
In our work I will invite you to be curious, to allow deeper feelings to surface and to explore them with me as a reliable, resilient companion. I believe that togerther, allowing our creativity and imagination free rein, we can find a place of calm in the turbulence. A place where you can come to accept things you cannot change, have compassion for your most vulnerable self and hopeful growth towards your true whole self. I work in an integrative style, which means I can draw on different approaches within psychotherapy to build a working alliance personalised to you while also drawing on my own inner responses and felt sense.
In our work I will invite you to be curious, to allow deeper feelings to surface and to explore them with me as a reliable, resilient companion. I believe that togerther, allowing our creativity and imagination free rein, we can find a place of calm in the turbulence. A place where you can come to accept things you cannot change, have compassion for your most vulnerable self and hopeful growth towards your true whole self. I work in an integrative style, which means I can draw on different approaches within psychotherapy to build a working alliance personalised to you while also drawing on my own inner responses and felt sense.
01453 702900 View 01453 702900
Photo of Hayley Carmichael, MA, MNCPS Acc., Psychotherapist
Hayley Carmichael
Psychotherapist, MA, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Stroud GL6  (Online Only)
Want to move forwards but feel stuck, or a change is proving tough to navigate?Perhaps the past feels too much part of your present? Therapy can help. As a psychodynamic psychotherapist I am guided by your needs, we'll work at your pace to explore what is going on and help you to find a way to manage what this means for you. You may need a space that feels neutral and safe to talk about things that you have never talked about before; and to talk to someone who is there to fully listen to you with no distractions. Many clients say they just want to be able to find their joy again and know themselves better.
Want to move forwards but feel stuck, or a change is proving tough to navigate?Perhaps the past feels too much part of your present? Therapy can help. As a psychodynamic psychotherapist I am guided by your needs, we'll work at your pace to explore what is going on and help you to find a way to manage what this means for you. You may need a space that feels neutral and safe to talk about things that you have never talked about before; and to talk to someone who is there to fully listen to you with no distractions. Many clients say they just want to be able to find their joy again and know themselves better.
01453 703128 View 01453 703128
Photo of Louise Ritson, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Louise Ritson
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Stroud GL6  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in adult mental health, including older adults. I am experienced in complex cases in particular, including patients whose previous counselling or psychotherapy has not been successful. I also see patients whose problems are relatively simple and who have not had psychotherapy before, and I provide supervision and consultancy to other therapists. I previously worked for the NHS in Worcestershire and Gloucestershire, and continue to collaborate closely with NHS GPs and psychiatrists whenever it is appropriate.
I specialize in adult mental health, including older adults. I am experienced in complex cases in particular, including patients whose previous counselling or psychotherapy has not been successful. I also see patients whose problems are relatively simple and who have not had psychotherapy before, and I provide supervision and consultancy to other therapists. I previously worked for the NHS in Worcestershire and Gloucestershire, and continue to collaborate closely with NHS GPs and psychiatrists whenever it is appropriate.
0330 001 1055 View 0330 001 1055
Photo of Sally Hills, MBACP, Counsellor
Sally Hills
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
I offer a safe and confidential space to explore wherever you are in your life. A space to come into relationship with yourself. I offer weekly sessions in person in the Nailsworth and Stroud area. I also offer some online sessions. I work with depression, anxiety, relationship issues, life transitions, loss and other areas of the human experience
I offer a safe and confidential space to explore wherever you are in your life. A space to come into relationship with yourself. I offer weekly sessions in person in the Nailsworth and Stroud area. I also offer some online sessions. I work with depression, anxiety, relationship issues, life transitions, loss and other areas of the human experience
01453 703527 View 01453 703527
Photo of Louise Hunt, MBACP, Counsellor
Louise Hunt
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
I champion a person's ability to empower themselves and develop a stronger self connection and connection to others. It is a privilege to share in the personal challenges and ventures of each unique individual & couple I work with in therapy. If you need to find a space to really be listened to, make sense of past, present or future events, discuss personal issues and learn how to move into a deeper understanding of yourself & your relationship to those around you, I would be honoured to be there alongside you.
I champion a person's ability to empower themselves and develop a stronger self connection and connection to others. It is a privilege to share in the personal challenges and ventures of each unique individual & couple I work with in therapy. If you need to find a space to really be listened to, make sense of past, present or future events, discuss personal issues and learn how to move into a deeper understanding of yourself & your relationship to those around you, I would be honoured to be there alongside you.
View
Photo of Grace McIntyre, MA, HCPC-Art Therap., Psychotherapist
Grace McIntyre
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Verified Verified
Coach + Mediator + Therapist "I am a passionate creative, and have committed a decade working therapeutically in private residential trauma clinics, the NHS, secondary schools and my own business Resonate Therapy LTD. I bring all the skills of a specialist trauma therapist, that has worked extensively with neurodiversity and complex needs. By harmonising together a robust psychologically informed somatic based therapy programme. I specialise in supporting building meta-perspective of individual and collective systems. Are you ready to shift your life on a cellular, neuroplastic dimension?"
Coach + Mediator + Therapist "I am a passionate creative, and have committed a decade working therapeutically in private residential trauma clinics, the NHS, secondary schools and my own business Resonate Therapy LTD. I bring all the skills of a specialist trauma therapist, that has worked extensively with neurodiversity and complex needs. By harmonising together a robust psychologically informed somatic based therapy programme. I specialise in supporting building meta-perspective of individual and collective systems. Are you ready to shift your life on a cellular, neuroplastic dimension?"
01235 424339 View 01235 424339
Photo of Fi Hanaway, MA, HCPC-Art Therap., Counsellor
Fi Hanaway
Counsellor, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Verified Verified
As an art therapist, my goal is to provide a safe, supportive and non-judgmental space for you to express and explore your emotions through creative processes. With a background in art and psychology, I understand how powerful artistic expression can be in promoting healing and personal growth. I am committed to listening with empathy, respecting your experiences, and tailoring my approach to meet your individual needs. Together, we will work towards uncovering insights, building resilience, and improving well-being. Your trust is essential, and I am dedicated to earning it through compassionate care and professional integrity.
As an art therapist, my goal is to provide a safe, supportive and non-judgmental space for you to express and explore your emotions through creative processes. With a background in art and psychology, I understand how powerful artistic expression can be in promoting healing and personal growth. I am committed to listening with empathy, respecting your experiences, and tailoring my approach to meet your individual needs. Together, we will work towards uncovering insights, building resilience, and improving well-being. Your trust is essential, and I am dedicated to earning it through compassionate care and professional integrity.
View
Photo of Dr Claudia Herbert - Dr Claudia Herbert Ltd, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Claudia Herbert Ltd
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Stroud GL6  (Online Only)
All of us experience challenges as part of life. When these are traumatic or overwhelming, they deplete our energy, create blockages, hinder healthy functioning, disconnect from our power and take us out of our inner alignment. Despite being outwardly successful, you may feel that something is missing within you and you are not truly yourself. There are many reasons for why this might have happened and for some people this starts very early in their childhood, for others later in life and in both instances, there are ways in which these experiences can be explored and transformed into an inner healing and positive growth process.
All of us experience challenges as part of life. When these are traumatic or overwhelming, they deplete our energy, create blockages, hinder healthy functioning, disconnect from our power and take us out of our inner alignment. Despite being outwardly successful, you may feel that something is missing within you and you are not truly yourself. There are many reasons for why this might have happened and for some people this starts very early in their childhood, for others later in life and in both instances, there are ways in which these experiences can be explored and transformed into an inner healing and positive growth process.
01453 702596 View 01453 702596
Photo of Stephanie Bell, MA, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Stephanie Bell
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Stroud GL6  (Online Only)
My aim is to help you achieve insight into what makes you tick, and for us to work collaboratively to develop strategies that assist you in living a complete, fulfilling life. While you will have some immediate pressing issues that bring you to therapy, we can also explore any longer-term, underlying issues concerning you. It is important to me that you feel comfortable to talk about your problems, experiences and personal thoughts.
My aim is to help you achieve insight into what makes you tick, and for us to work collaboratively to develop strategies that assist you in living a complete, fulfilling life. While you will have some immediate pressing issues that bring you to therapy, we can also explore any longer-term, underlying issues concerning you. It is important to me that you feel comfortable to talk about your problems, experiences and personal thoughts.
View
Photo of Rachel Thomas - Apple Tree Psychotherapy - Rachel Thomas, MA, BPC, Psychotherapist
Apple Tree Psychotherapy - Rachel Thomas
Psychotherapist, MA, BPC
Verified Verified
You may have a child struggling with being at school, or perhaps you find yourself constantly at loggerheads with them. Perhaps they can't sleep, or don't want to get up in the morning, they might feel lonely, or misunderstood, criticised, or attacked . You may have tried every strategy you can find, to persuade your child to eat, or listen, or simply follow instructions. We all believe that childhood should be a time of simple happiness, but in fact this is a time of enormous developmental challenge, and many things can make it hard for children and adolescents to tread the path towards a resilient, positive, independent adulthood.
You may have a child struggling with being at school, or perhaps you find yourself constantly at loggerheads with them. Perhaps they can't sleep, or don't want to get up in the morning, they might feel lonely, or misunderstood, criticised, or attacked . You may have tried every strategy you can find, to persuade your child to eat, or listen, or simply follow instructions. We all believe that childhood should be a time of simple happiness, but in fact this is a time of enormous developmental challenge, and many things can make it hard for children and adolescents to tread the path towards a resilient, positive, independent adulthood.
01453 701919 View 01453 701919
Photo of Vicki Ritson - Wincanton Psychotherapy, MSc
Wincanton Psychotherapy
MSc
Verified Verified
Stroud GL6  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My expertise lies in assessing and treating individuals following one or more traumatic events, which can lead to a number of moderate to severe mental health problems or diagnoses. These include; obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), personality disorders, chronic depression and anxiety, insomnia, low self-esteem and confidence, and, in some cases, physical disabilities including, chronic fatigue syndrome or ME. I also work with clients experiencing mild to moderate mental health difficulties, which do not have a traumatic origin, including, relationship difficulties and life challenges.
My expertise lies in assessing and treating individuals following one or more traumatic events, which can lead to a number of moderate to severe mental health problems or diagnoses. These include; obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), personality disorders, chronic depression and anxiety, insomnia, low self-esteem and confidence, and, in some cases, physical disabilities including, chronic fatigue syndrome or ME. I also work with clients experiencing mild to moderate mental health difficulties, which do not have a traumatic origin, including, relationship difficulties and life challenges.
07445 159905 View 07445 159905
Photo of Phoebe Cole - CWTCH Therapy- Whole Family Wellbeing, BACP, Counsellor
CWTCH Therapy- Whole Family Wellbeing
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
Are you looking for someone to help support you and/or your children? Being a Parent is one of the hardest jobs in the world and still isn't recognised enough for that. There is no shame in asking for extra support or guidance for any member of your family, so that you can live in a more peaceful home. The name 'Cwtch,' inspired by my Welsh heritage, holds a special significance. It encapsulates the essence of a warm embrace that instils a sense of safety in both mind and body—a space I am dedicated to creating for you and your family on your therapeutic journey.
Are you looking for someone to help support you and/or your children? Being a Parent is one of the hardest jobs in the world and still isn't recognised enough for that. There is no shame in asking for extra support or guidance for any member of your family, so that you can live in a more peaceful home. The name 'Cwtch,' inspired by my Welsh heritage, holds a special significance. It encapsulates the essence of a warm embrace that instils a sense of safety in both mind and body—a space I am dedicated to creating for you and your family on your therapeutic journey.
01242 503681 View 01242 503681
Photo of Shauna New, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Shauna New
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
You're already on your way; I'll meet you where you are. In the office, online, or outdoors, you can expect a confidential relationship free of judgment. Whether you need short-term support to cope with a transition or are looking to better understand long-term patterns surrounding transitions in your life, I hope to provide a safe, comfortable space for you to explore and develop the skills you feel would help. I offer regular weekly, biweekly, or monthly sessions depending on what you're looking to achieve in our work together.
You're already on your way; I'll meet you where you are. In the office, online, or outdoors, you can expect a confidential relationship free of judgment. Whether you need short-term support to cope with a transition or are looking to better understand long-term patterns surrounding transitions in your life, I hope to provide a safe, comfortable space for you to explore and develop the skills you feel would help. I offer regular weekly, biweekly, or monthly sessions depending on what you're looking to achieve in our work together.
015242 35894 View 015242 35894
Photo of Lucy Godfrey, MA, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Lucy Godfrey
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
My practice is integrative, drawing on both the humanistic and psychodynamic schools of therapy. This means that I hold the client/therapist relationship at the core of what I do, offering clients empathy, kindness and an environment free of judgement. ​
My practice is integrative, drawing on both the humanistic and psychodynamic schools of therapy. This means that I hold the client/therapist relationship at the core of what I do, offering clients empathy, kindness and an environment free of judgement. ​
01453 701468 View 01453 701468
Photo of Caterina Baskerville, MA, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Caterina Baskerville
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Now more than ever we are living in a world where contact with others has become increasingly difficult, not just physically but also emotionally. It would be understandable for many people to be feeling isolated and cut of from the rest of humanity at this time, for some this may also trigger painful, old wounds of unmet needs and maybe even a sense of hopelessness. You may crave feeling really connected to someone who is fully present with you and is invested in really understanding you and your situation, someone who can help you to create a relationship that will help to heal relationships that have failed in the past.
Now more than ever we are living in a world where contact with others has become increasingly difficult, not just physically but also emotionally. It would be understandable for many people to be feeling isolated and cut of from the rest of humanity at this time, for some this may also trigger painful, old wounds of unmet needs and maybe even a sense of hopelessness. You may crave feeling really connected to someone who is fully present with you and is invested in really understanding you and your situation, someone who can help you to create a relationship that will help to heal relationships that have failed in the past.
01453 700679 View 01453 700679
Photo of Simon Balioussis, MSc, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Simon Balioussis
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Stroud GL6  (Online Only)
Life can be very challenging at times and it can be difficult to make sense of things and find a way forwards on our own. Therapy aims towards increasing our self-knowledge and attaining clarity over our feelings, intentions and tendencies. By becoming more aware of the challenges we experience, and how we respond to these, we also become more able to identify alternative ways of looking at them and addressing them. I offer a safe space to facilitate this exploration and promote insight and personal growth. Everyone is unique and so everything that is brought into therapy is treated with care, respect and confidentiality.
Life can be very challenging at times and it can be difficult to make sense of things and find a way forwards on our own. Therapy aims towards increasing our self-knowledge and attaining clarity over our feelings, intentions and tendencies. By becoming more aware of the challenges we experience, and how we respond to these, we also become more able to identify alternative ways of looking at them and addressing them. I offer a safe space to facilitate this exploration and promote insight and personal growth. Everyone is unique and so everything that is brought into therapy is treated with care, respect and confidentiality.
020 3870 2842 View 020 3870 2842
Photo of Eleanor Bigden - CBT and EMDR for healing, growth and confidence, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
CBT and EMDR for healing, growth and confidence
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
As an Accredited EMDR and CBT Therapist, my specialism is helping people rapidly build confidence, resilience, self esteem, skills, strengths and new strategies. I’m passionate about helping people overcome trauma, anxiety, OCD, stress, anger, struggles with relationships, communication, doubt, authenticity, identity, transitions, emotional regulation and wellbeing. My style is practical and encouraging, warm and down to earth. My evidence based approach is firmly rooted in what truly works to help people find lasting freedom. My emphasis is helping you make the changes that’ll make the biggest positive differences to your life.
As an Accredited EMDR and CBT Therapist, my specialism is helping people rapidly build confidence, resilience, self esteem, skills, strengths and new strategies. I’m passionate about helping people overcome trauma, anxiety, OCD, stress, anger, struggles with relationships, communication, doubt, authenticity, identity, transitions, emotional regulation and wellbeing. My style is practical and encouraging, warm and down to earth. My evidence based approach is firmly rooted in what truly works to help people find lasting freedom. My emphasis is helping you make the changes that’ll make the biggest positive differences to your life.
020 3823 6384 View 020 3823 6384
Photo of Victoria Room, MSc, MBACP, Counsellor
Victoria Room
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Stroud GL6  (Online Only)
Counselling is for anyone and everyone. You might have a specific thing you want to work on – pain from your past or worries about the future. Or you might have a general sense that something is stuck, that this isn’t quite the life you’d expected. ​Counselling offers the opportunity for us to develop a creative partnership , where we can work together to explore both what is troubling you and your potential in life and to support you to find a sense of freedom to be your true self. Counselling is not an easy option, it can uncover painful feelings, but it can be a step on the way to feeling better and more at peace with yourself.
Counselling is for anyone and everyone. You might have a specific thing you want to work on – pain from your past or worries about the future. Or you might have a general sense that something is stuck, that this isn’t quite the life you’d expected. ​Counselling offers the opportunity for us to develop a creative partnership , where we can work together to explore both what is troubling you and your potential in life and to support you to find a sense of freedom to be your true self. Counselling is not an easy option, it can uncover painful feelings, but it can be a step on the way to feeling better and more at peace with yourself.
0117 463 6250 View 0117 463 6250
Photo of Luke Brownlee-Williams, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Luke Brownlee-Williams
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Counselling is a place to explore our thoughts, feelings and emotions. A chance to explore our life direction. An opportunity to pause and understand where we are and what is happening in our lives right now. It is a place to explore past and present events or traumas and a space to speak out loud thoughts that had previously been unspeakable.
Counselling is a place to explore our thoughts, feelings and emotions. A chance to explore our life direction. An opportunity to pause and understand where we are and what is happening in our lives right now. It is a place to explore past and present events or traumas and a space to speak out loud thoughts that had previously been unspeakable.
0117 325 5294 View 0117 325 5294
Photo of Abigail Paige, MBACP, Counsellor
Abigail Paige
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hi, I’m Abi, I’m a qualified and trauma-informed, Psychotherapeutic Integrative Counsellor and Supervisor, which means I'm trained in several different types of therapy. My core approach is Person-Centred because it is my absolute belief that you are the expert on you. There is no level of sadness or worry that means therapy is right for you, our experiences and our responses are unique so the route through those feelings is also very personal. We can’t change the past but we can change how much control it has over us, our relationships and our decisions in the present.
Hi, I’m Abi, I’m a qualified and trauma-informed, Psychotherapeutic Integrative Counsellor and Supervisor, which means I'm trained in several different types of therapy. My core approach is Person-Centred because it is my absolute belief that you are the expert on you. There is no level of sadness or worry that means therapy is right for you, our experiences and our responses are unique so the route through those feelings is also very personal. We can’t change the past but we can change how much control it has over us, our relationships and our decisions in the present.
01453 708152 View 01453 708152
1

See more therapy options for GL6

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in GL6

30+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in GL6 who prioritize treating:

97% Anxiety
97% Self Esteem
94% Depression
88% Stress
82% Relationship Issues
76% Bereavement
73% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

50% Aviva
50% WPA
42% AXA PPP

How Counsellors in GL6 see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in GL6?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.