Counselling in Painswick

Photo of Helen James - Helen James - Clear Skies Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist, MA, BPC
Helen James - Clear Skies Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MA, BPC
Serves Area
For most of us, life is a complex mix of highs and lows. Sometimes we need specialist help, separate to our family and friends, to support our mental health and wellbeing and help us find our way. You might have a child or young person in distress; perhaps you’re battling with parenting or behaviour issues; or maybe you are an adolescent or young adult struggling to navigate life. Psychotherapy can help you make sense of difficult thoughts, feelings and behaviours; allowing you to create better relationships, healthier behaviours, achieve potential and find joy in life.
For most of us, life is a complex mix of highs and lows. Sometimes we need specialist help, separate to our family and friends, to support our mental health and wellbeing and help us find our way. You might have a child or young person in distress; perhaps you’re battling with parenting or behaviour issues; or maybe you are an adolescent or young adult struggling to navigate life. Psychotherapy can help you make sense of difficult thoughts, feelings and behaviours; allowing you to create better relationships, healthier behaviours, achieve potential and find joy in life.
01453 701072 View 01453 701072
Photo of Bonnie Grotjahn, Counsellor
Bonnie Grotjahn
Counsellor
Serves Area
You might be in crisis: a relationship breakdown, sudden news of the death of a loved one or an illness, a work loss, or at an emotional or spiritual crossroads. Or you may generally have the feeling that your life isn't all you'd like it to be - you feel stuck, aren't living up to your potential or feeling as fulfilled or happy as you would like. Either way, you can be supported to navigate successfully through the very choppy waters of crisis - or the fog of confusion or uncertainty. You don't have to go it alone! You may well emerge from the other side a stronger and happier person - or couple - than you ever thought possible.
You might be in crisis: a relationship breakdown, sudden news of the death of a loved one or an illness, a work loss, or at an emotional or spiritual crossroads. Or you may generally have the feeling that your life isn't all you'd like it to be - you feel stuck, aren't living up to your potential or feeling as fulfilled or happy as you would like. Either way, you can be supported to navigate successfully through the very choppy waters of crisis - or the fog of confusion or uncertainty. You don't have to go it alone! You may well emerge from the other side a stronger and happier person - or couple - than you ever thought possible.
01453 708286 View 01453 708286
Photo of Phil Turner, Counsellor, PNCPS Acc.
Phil Turner
Counsellor, PNCPS Acc.
Serves Area
Not as sure of yourself as you used to be, not feeling good about how your life or relationships have turned out, yearning for something but not sure what that is or just recognising that you no longer want to put up with the feelings, thoughts or that way your body feels. These kinds of experiences are a part what it is to be human and when we're ready to change, it's good to have help. With me its a collaborative effort in which I learn about you and you find out more about yourself; what you want, what's blocking that and how you might resolve those blocks, make changes and realise more of your potential.
Not as sure of yourself as you used to be, not feeling good about how your life or relationships have turned out, yearning for something but not sure what that is or just recognising that you no longer want to put up with the feelings, thoughts or that way your body feels. These kinds of experiences are a part what it is to be human and when we're ready to change, it's good to have help. With me its a collaborative effort in which I learn about you and you find out more about yourself; what you want, what's blocking that and how you might resolve those blocks, make changes and realise more of your potential.
01453 707198 View 01453 707198

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Dr Ruth Bagshaw, Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Ruth Bagshaw
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
If you are: - dealing with a personal crisis; living with distressing circumstances; facing a major life change; finding your usual ways of coping just aren't working so well for you right now; looking for support for personal growth or professional development- then I may be able to help. I work with adults- online and in person- offering psychological therapy to help make sense of and reduce distress associated with mental health symptoms; diagnostic assessment and post diagnostic coaching for neurodivergence; and life coaching. Whatever your goals might be, I offer a safe space to support and encourage you to flourish.
If you are: - dealing with a personal crisis; living with distressing circumstances; facing a major life change; finding your usual ways of coping just aren't working so well for you right now; looking for support for personal growth or professional development- then I may be able to help. I work with adults- online and in person- offering psychological therapy to help make sense of and reduce distress associated with mental health symptoms; diagnostic assessment and post diagnostic coaching for neurodivergence; and life coaching. Whatever your goals might be, I offer a safe space to support and encourage you to flourish.
01559 606230 View 01559 606230
Photo of Kathy Marie Allen - Freedom Counselling, Counsellor, MBACP
Freedom Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP
Are you finding it hard to understand your feelings? Maybe you feel totally in control when faced with a crisis, only to fall apart over something trivial. I’m here to help you make sense of your feelings and to help you understand yourself on a much deeper level. With compassion and curiosity, let’s explore together what you need to live an authentic and balanced life.
Are you finding it hard to understand your feelings? Maybe you feel totally in control when faced with a crisis, only to fall apart over something trivial. I’m here to help you make sense of your feelings and to help you understand yourself on a much deeper level. With compassion and curiosity, let’s explore together what you need to live an authentic and balanced life.
01452 941801 View 01452 941801
Photo of Elena Vontzalidou, Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Elena Vontzalidou
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Serves Area
I specialise in working with individuals and couples experiencing infertility, miscarriage, baby loss and termination for medical reasons (TMFR). My focus is to support anyone navigating the pain and complexity these bring. Other issues I work with include postnatal depression, experiences in NICU, birth trauma and the experience of foetal or infant diagnosis or suspected diagnosis. I also have a strong interest in women’s health in general and the menopause especially. With professional training, personal experience, and empathy, I provide a safe, non-judgmental space for you to explore your emotions and feel understood.
I specialise in working with individuals and couples experiencing infertility, miscarriage, baby loss and termination for medical reasons (TMFR). My focus is to support anyone navigating the pain and complexity these bring. Other issues I work with include postnatal depression, experiences in NICU, birth trauma and the experience of foetal or infant diagnosis or suspected diagnosis. I also have a strong interest in women’s health in general and the menopause especially. With professional training, personal experience, and empathy, I provide a safe, non-judgmental space for you to explore your emotions and feel understood.
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Photo of Elizabeth Kate Hoskins - Pura Vida Therapy , Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Pura Vida Therapy
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
1 Endorsed
Bristol BS1
I have nearly 20 years experience as a mental health nurse and psychotherapist in the NHS and have had the privilege to support a huge range of clients presenting with varied difficulties and styles. I have accumulated significant expertise around working with trauma of all types, especially in the context of perinatal issues, childhood adversities and domestic abuse. I am trained in third-wave models, including Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Compassion Focused Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. I have also had extra training in the treatment of eating disorders.
I have nearly 20 years experience as a mental health nurse and psychotherapist in the NHS and have had the privilege to support a huge range of clients presenting with varied difficulties and styles. I have accumulated significant expertise around working with trauma of all types, especially in the context of perinatal issues, childhood adversities and domestic abuse. I am trained in third-wave models, including Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Compassion Focused Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. I have also had extra training in the treatment of eating disorders.
01454 809227 View 01454 809227
Photo of Helen Barbara Moore, Counsellor, GMBPsS
Helen Barbara Moore
Counsellor, GMBPsS
Serves Area
By combining several counselling and therapeutic modalities and approaches into an integrated therapeutic approach, I am able to identify and tailor treatment to each client's needs. My academic grasp of 21st-century counselling enhances my own lived experiences. Along with my 25 years of sales experience and education in health and wellness, I can offer services to help many people striving to better their lives by providing coaching, wellbeing and lifestyle counselling. Please take a look further at www.helenbarbara.com
By combining several counselling and therapeutic modalities and approaches into an integrated therapeutic approach, I am able to identify and tailor treatment to each client's needs. My academic grasp of 21st-century counselling enhances my own lived experiences. Along with my 25 years of sales experience and education in health and wellness, I can offer services to help many people striving to better their lives by providing coaching, wellbeing and lifestyle counselling. Please take a look further at www.helenbarbara.com
01633 603417 View 01633 603417
Photo of Kate Treadaway, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Kate Treadaway
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Are you looking for someone to work with you on some struggles or difficulties you are experiencing such as depression, anxiety, low self esteem or family issues and you are just feeling overwhelmed? I believe finding the right Therapist is the first step. I am a somatic therapist working with how memories show up as symptoms, not only in our minds, but also in our bodies. If you've reached a point in your healing journey where you want to go deeper, I can offer a quiet, gentle space to work together.
Are you looking for someone to work with you on some struggles or difficulties you are experiencing such as depression, anxiety, low self esteem or family issues and you are just feeling overwhelmed? I believe finding the right Therapist is the first step. I am a somatic therapist working with how memories show up as symptoms, not only in our minds, but also in our bodies. If you've reached a point in your healing journey where you want to go deeper, I can offer a quiet, gentle space to work together.
01285 706675 View 01285 706675
Photo of Harriet Crawford, Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
Harriet Crawford
Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
I work in a warm and collaborative way to help my clients make sense of their unique experiences, and any knots they wish to untie. People come to therapy for any number of reasons, and sometimes without a specific ‘issue’. You might like help talking through thoughts and feelings; or feel affected by events that seem unbearable or overwhelming; are stuck feeling anxious or depressed. You may be grappling with a major life transition like parenthood, or living with chronic illness. Whatever brings you to therapy, I offer a confidential place to explore these and help you to figure out a way forward.
I work in a warm and collaborative way to help my clients make sense of their unique experiences, and any knots they wish to untie. People come to therapy for any number of reasons, and sometimes without a specific ‘issue’. You might like help talking through thoughts and feelings; or feel affected by events that seem unbearable or overwhelming; are stuck feeling anxious or depressed. You may be grappling with a major life transition like parenthood, or living with chronic illness. Whatever brings you to therapy, I offer a confidential place to explore these and help you to figure out a way forward.
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Photo of Anna Barry, Counsellor, BACP
Anna Barry
Counsellor, BACP
Bristol BS20
Do you sometimes feel misunderstood, overwhelmed by emotions, or disconnected from yourself? Perhaps you’re experiencing anxiety, low mood, self-criticism, or coping with the effects of trauma, loss, or a serious illness. You may want to feel calmer, more confident, and connected but aren’t sure where to start. My name is Anna. I am a qualified counsellor with a BSc (Hons) in Counselling. As a mum of three, I understand the juggle of emotions, responsibilities, and self-care, which informs a gentle, relatable approach in my practice. I offer a supportive space to pause, be seen, and reconnect with your authentic self.
Do you sometimes feel misunderstood, overwhelmed by emotions, or disconnected from yourself? Perhaps you’re experiencing anxiety, low mood, self-criticism, or coping with the effects of trauma, loss, or a serious illness. You may want to feel calmer, more confident, and connected but aren’t sure where to start. My name is Anna. I am a qualified counsellor with a BSc (Hons) in Counselling. As a mum of three, I understand the juggle of emotions, responsibilities, and self-care, which informs a gentle, relatable approach in my practice. I offer a supportive space to pause, be seen, and reconnect with your authentic self.
01275 403012 View 01275 403012
Photo of Holly Marie Carroll, Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Holly Marie Carroll
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
4 Endorsed
Serves Area
If you’re feeling trapped by anxiety, OCD, or self-doubt, you’re not alone. These struggles can be overwhelming, but with the right support, they don’t have to control your life. My approach combines creative and evidence-based strategies to help you regain confidence and take back control. With 13 years experience as a psychotherapist, I specialize in helping people break free from anxiety, traumatic events and OCD. I’ll help you understand why your symptoms present and teach you practical strategies to reduce them—so you can live life on your terms. If you're ready to take the first step toward change, I'd love to hear from you.
If you’re feeling trapped by anxiety, OCD, or self-doubt, you’re not alone. These struggles can be overwhelming, but with the right support, they don’t have to control your life. My approach combines creative and evidence-based strategies to help you regain confidence and take back control. With 13 years experience as a psychotherapist, I specialize in helping people break free from anxiety, traumatic events and OCD. I’ll help you understand why your symptoms present and teach you practical strategies to reduce them—so you can live life on your terms. If you're ready to take the first step toward change, I'd love to hear from you.
01270 443911 View 01270 443911
Photo of Dr Elaine A Smith, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Elaine A Smith
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Online Only
I’m Dr Elaine Smith, a Clinical Psychologist offering online therapy across the UK. I work with adults, professionals, leaders and university students who want to manage stress, anxiety or burnout and find steadier ways to cope. I also support neurodivergent adults (ADHD or autism). My approach is warm, practical and evidence-based, using CBT, ACT, EMDR and Compassion-Focused Therapy to help you make sense of what’s happening, build resilience and feel more in control.
I’m Dr Elaine Smith, a Clinical Psychologist offering online therapy across the UK. I work with adults, professionals, leaders and university students who want to manage stress, anxiety or burnout and find steadier ways to cope. I also support neurodivergent adults (ADHD or autism). My approach is warm, practical and evidence-based, using CBT, ACT, EMDR and Compassion-Focused Therapy to help you make sense of what’s happening, build resilience and feel more in control.
0131 381 5793 View 0131 381 5793
Photo of Emilie Pujol - Emilie Pujol Embodiment Coaching for Women, Counsellor, UKCP Trainee
Are you feeling burnt out, overwhelmed, or exhausted from overgiving—to your job, your partner, community? Do you feel like somewhere along the way, you lost yourself, and now things are unraveling? Maybe your body is saying a big no, career and relationships are crumbling or you woke up one day asking yourself: "Is this it?" You are being invited to come home to yourself. And you don't have to do it alone. I offer trauma-informed embodiment coaching to help you honour your emotions as messengers, let go of what no longer serves and claim your deepest dreams and desires. This isn’t about fixing you—it’s about reclaiming you.
Are you feeling burnt out, overwhelmed, or exhausted from overgiving—to your job, your partner, community? Do you feel like somewhere along the way, you lost yourself, and now things are unraveling? Maybe your body is saying a big no, career and relationships are crumbling or you woke up one day asking yourself: "Is this it?" You are being invited to come home to yourself. And you don't have to do it alone. I offer trauma-informed embodiment coaching to help you honour your emotions as messengers, let go of what no longer serves and claim your deepest dreams and desires. This isn’t about fixing you—it’s about reclaiming you.
01275 402815 View 01275 402815
Photo of Jessica Hunter, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Jessica Hunter
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Bristol BS32
Waitlist for new clients
I am a clinical psychologist with substantial experience of working with individuals with personality difficulties (with or without a formal diagnosis of personality disorder), PTSD, and complex trauma. Other areas of clinical expertise include anxiety, burnout, low self-esteem, dissociation and low mood. In therapy I aim to bring compassion to the ways people have learned to cope with adversity and emotional pain. I welcome anyone who is looking to understand themselves and their coping styles better, and/or is seeking ways to break cycles and gain new skills to help them move forwards in their lives.
I am a clinical psychologist with substantial experience of working with individuals with personality difficulties (with or without a formal diagnosis of personality disorder), PTSD, and complex trauma. Other areas of clinical expertise include anxiety, burnout, low self-esteem, dissociation and low mood. In therapy I aim to bring compassion to the ways people have learned to cope with adversity and emotional pain. I welcome anyone who is looking to understand themselves and their coping styles better, and/or is seeking ways to break cycles and gain new skills to help them move forwards in their lives.
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Photo of Janet Akins - Open World Therapy, Counsellor, MBACP
Open World Therapy
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Identifying the thoughts, feelings and inner struggles that are holding you back can be daunting, but my role is to walk alongside you, enabling you to find clarity, calm, and good mental health. Central to my counselling ethos is the importance of creating a safe, non-judgemental place, where you are free to be yourself, and to explore any aspect of life that is important to you.
Identifying the thoughts, feelings and inner struggles that are holding you back can be daunting, but my role is to walk alongside you, enabling you to find clarity, calm, and good mental health. Central to my counselling ethos is the importance of creating a safe, non-judgemental place, where you are free to be yourself, and to explore any aspect of life that is important to you.
01564 334821 View 01564 334821
Photo of Kym Birtwell-Thompson - Indigo Moon, Counsellor, MBACP
Indigo Moon
Counsellor, MBACP
Online Only
I offer a safe, compassionate and non-judgmental space for my clients to explore whatever may be troubling them. My working model is centrally embedded within the Person-Centred model. I also draw upon other modalities, such as, Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), Transactional Analysis (TA), Existentialism and Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) depending on the unique needs of my clients. I focus on establishing a trusting relationship with my clients and working in a safe and ethical way prioritising my clients well-being.
I offer a safe, compassionate and non-judgmental space for my clients to explore whatever may be troubling them. My working model is centrally embedded within the Person-Centred model. I also draw upon other modalities, such as, Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), Transactional Analysis (TA), Existentialism and Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) depending on the unique needs of my clients. I focus on establishing a trusting relationship with my clients and working in a safe and ethical way prioritising my clients well-being.
0117 325 3819 View 0117 325 3819
Photo of Joe Pawson, Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Joe Pawson
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
People come to psychotherapy for all kinds of different reasons. Perhaps a particular issue is making life very difficult, or maybe you have more general feelings of discontentment, unease or unhappiness that you want to address. One-to-one psychotherapy can help by providing a safe, therapeutic space in which you feel able to explore and express difficult thoughts, feelings and memories. This process of deep exploration helps you to grow and develop in areas that have previously felt stuck, painful or difficult to resolve.
People come to psychotherapy for all kinds of different reasons. Perhaps a particular issue is making life very difficult, or maybe you have more general feelings of discontentment, unease or unhappiness that you want to address. One-to-one psychotherapy can help by providing a safe, therapeutic space in which you feel able to explore and express difficult thoughts, feelings and memories. This process of deep exploration helps you to grow and develop in areas that have previously felt stuck, painful or difficult to resolve.
0117 463 3300 View 0117 463 3300
Photo of Michael Blakeborough, Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Michael Blakeborough
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Melksham SN12
I chiefly work with clients who identify as LGBTQIA+ and clients who practice ethical non-monogamy within their relationships, but I have accumulated thousands of hours of experience working with individual clients from all walks of life. I commonly work with presentations of anxiety, depression and issues around relationships, sexuality and gender.
I chiefly work with clients who identify as LGBTQIA+ and clients who practice ethical non-monogamy within their relationships, but I have accumulated thousands of hours of experience working with individual clients from all walks of life. I commonly work with presentations of anxiety, depression and issues around relationships, sexuality and gender.
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Photo of Andy Flack, Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Andy Flack
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
If you are worrying more than usual, having nightmares or flashbacks to a traumatic event, suffering from disturbed sleep or are more feeling irritable and hyper-vigilant than usual, you may be suffering from a reaction to trauma. If this strikes a cord, visit the website for more information or get in touch by email or phone. I have spent the last twenty years helping clients resolve trauma and anxiety problems and intend to spend the next twenty doing the same. I may be able to help you in London, Cheltenham or worldwide online.
If you are worrying more than usual, having nightmares or flashbacks to a traumatic event, suffering from disturbed sleep or are more feeling irritable and hyper-vigilant than usual, you may be suffering from a reaction to trauma. If this strikes a cord, visit the website for more information or get in touch by email or phone. I have spent the last twenty years helping clients resolve trauma and anxiety problems and intend to spend the next twenty doing the same. I may be able to help you in London, Cheltenham or worldwide online.
020 3870 4638 View 020 3870 4638

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Painswick

< 10

Counsellors in Painswick who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Other
100% Emotional Disturbance
100% Family Conflict
100% Peer Relationships

Average years in practice

21 Years

Gender breakdown

67% Female
33% Male

How Counsellors in Painswick see their clients

100% In Person and Online
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Painswick?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.