Therapists in T4R

Photo of Mindy Alton, Registered Provisional Psychologist, MACP
Mindy Alton
Registered Provisional Psychologist, MACP
4 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
My heart lies in helping children, teens, and families feel seen, heard, and supported, especially during times of struggle. I specialize in supporting youth through divorce and separation, trauma, anxiety, and behavioural challenges. As a certified play practitioner trained in trauma-informed care, I use creative, play- and art-based approaches to help children express and process feelings they may not yet have the words for.
My heart lies in helping children, teens, and families feel seen, heard, and supported, especially during times of struggle. I specialize in supporting youth through divorce and separation, trauma, anxiety, and behavioural challenges. As a certified play practitioner trained in trauma-informed care, I use creative, play- and art-based approaches to help children express and process feelings they may not yet have the words for.
(825) 255-8864 View (825) 255-8864
Photo of Sheri Thibeau, Psychologist, PhD, RPsych
Sheri Thibeau
Psychologist, PhD, RPsych
4 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
Many people come to therapy feeling stuck in patterns that once helped them cope, but no longer serve them. My role is to help you slow down, look inward with curiosity and compassion, and gently confront the ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving that may be keeping you from living more fully. I will help you better understand yourself, and create meaningful change in your life.
Many people come to therapy feeling stuck in patterns that once helped them cope, but no longer serve them. My role is to help you slow down, look inward with curiosity and compassion, and gently confront the ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving that may be keeping you from living more fully. I will help you better understand yourself, and create meaningful change in your life.
(587) 602-2398 View (587) 602-2398
Photo of Brendon Olson, Counsellor, MA, MMFT, RMFT, CCC
Brendon Olson
Counsellor, MA, MMFT, RMFT, CCC
1 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
Accepting New Clients - Please see my website to book a session. I’m Brendon Olson of New Connections Therapy. I believe that symptoms of mental health, addiction and behavioral problems may have some biological origins but are most often coming from well-meaning protector parts of us that are functioning to help us prevent or disconnect from our pain. In my non-pathologizing approach, I help you find your authentic Self and help you get to the bottom of the issue instead of merely focusing on the symptoms. Healing from underlying pain frees your system up to not have to be stuck with symptoms and behaviors of pain management.
Accepting New Clients - Please see my website to book a session. I’m Brendon Olson of New Connections Therapy. I believe that symptoms of mental health, addiction and behavioral problems may have some biological origins but are most often coming from well-meaning protector parts of us that are functioning to help us prevent or disconnect from our pain. In my non-pathologizing approach, I help you find your authentic Self and help you get to the bottom of the issue instead of merely focusing on the symptoms. Healing from underlying pain frees your system up to not have to be stuck with symptoms and behaviors of pain management.
(825) 605-4653 View (825) 605-4653
Photo of Souad Mechkour - Humanistic Neuro-Counseling , Counsellor, MEd, CCC
Humanistic Neuro-Counseling
Counsellor, MEd, CCC
Red Deer, AB T4R
Every day, I help teenagers, individuals, and families navigate the pressures of life, academic stress, emotional challenges, and mental health concerns. My work is rooted in compassion, neuroscience, and the belief that healing begins with understanding.
Every day, I help teenagers, individuals, and families navigate the pressures of life, academic stress, emotional challenges, and mental health concerns. My work is rooted in compassion, neuroscience, and the belief that healing begins with understanding.
(825) 250-0304 View (825) 250-0304
Photo of Danielle Johnson, Psychologist, MS
Danielle Johnson
Psychologist, MS
1 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
I believe that everyone has an innate capacity to heal. My role in therapy is to help people tap into their ability to heal and provide a safe space to do so. I hold a strength-based perspective in my work with clients and meet people where they are at in their life. Therapy looks different for everyone and we tailor our sessions accordingly.
I believe that everyone has an innate capacity to heal. My role in therapy is to help people tap into their ability to heal and provide a safe space to do so. I hold a strength-based perspective in my work with clients and meet people where they are at in their life. Therapy looks different for everyone and we tailor our sessions accordingly.
(825) 425-0124 View (825) 425-0124
Photo of Shanelle Westerlund, Psychologist, MC
Shanelle Westerlund
Psychologist, MC
2 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
Hi! I’m a Certified Trauma Professional and HeartMath Practitioner. I’m passionate about helping people reconnect with their sense of worth and find relief from the weight of past experiences. In our sessions, we’ll gently explore what’s been holding you back, nurture self-compassion, and build resilience. I’ll support you in clarifying your values so you can make choices that feel meaningful and authentic. Using creative and somatic approaches, we’ll work together to create a safe space for healing, growth, and a deeper connection with yourself.
Hi! I’m a Certified Trauma Professional and HeartMath Practitioner. I’m passionate about helping people reconnect with their sense of worth and find relief from the weight of past experiences. In our sessions, we’ll gently explore what’s been holding you back, nurture self-compassion, and build resilience. I’ll support you in clarifying your values so you can make choices that feel meaningful and authentic. Using creative and somatic approaches, we’ll work together to create a safe space for healing, growth, and a deeper connection with yourself.
(825) 745-6041 View (825) 745-6041
Photo of Christie Harrison, Registered Provisional Psychologist, MEd
Christie Harrison
Registered Provisional Psychologist, MEd
3 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
Parenthood can bring stress and changes — to identity, relationships, and daily life. I offer individual and couples therapy with a focus on supporting both new and experienced parents. I also offer psychoeducational assessments for children and teens to better understand learning, attention, behaviour, and emotional well-being. Whether you’re seeking support as a parent or ways to better support your child’s success at school and home, counselling and assessment can bring clarity and direction to the next steps.
Parenthood can bring stress and changes — to identity, relationships, and daily life. I offer individual and couples therapy with a focus on supporting both new and experienced parents. I also offer psychoeducational assessments for children and teens to better understand learning, attention, behaviour, and emotional well-being. Whether you’re seeking support as a parent or ways to better support your child’s success at school and home, counselling and assessment can bring clarity and direction to the next steps.
(587) 741-3074 View (587) 741-3074
Photo of Trevor Pikkert, Counsellor, MACP, BEd, BPE
Trevor Pikkert
Counsellor, MACP, BEd, BPE
2 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
I offer counselling services for teens (13+) and adults. Working within the Central Alberta Psychology Group, I specialize in progressing through aggression, anxiety, depression, relationship dynamics, and personal development. I can support you in developing better emotional regulation, healthier communication, boundaries, as well as managing anxiety and depression. I will provide support for you to work through feelings and thoughts in a safe and confidential space.
I offer counselling services for teens (13+) and adults. Working within the Central Alberta Psychology Group, I specialize in progressing through aggression, anxiety, depression, relationship dynamics, and personal development. I can support you in developing better emotional regulation, healthier communication, boundaries, as well as managing anxiety and depression. I will provide support for you to work through feelings and thoughts in a safe and confidential space.
(825) 254-7355 View (825) 254-7355
Photo of Rahul James, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, CCTP II, CCATP
Rahul James
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, CCTP II, CCATP
1 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life's challenges—whether it's trauma, PTSD, grief, relationship issues, or everyday stressors like anxiety, depression, behavioral concerns and family conflicts? These struggles may shape your life, but they don't have to define who you are. You might be seeking clarity, healing, or a renewed sense of purpose, growth and you're looking for a space where you feel heard, understood, and supported. Whether you're dealing with personal challenges or relationship difficulties, I aim to help you build resilience and find growth on your own terms.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life's challenges—whether it's trauma, PTSD, grief, relationship issues, or everyday stressors like anxiety, depression, behavioral concerns and family conflicts? These struggles may shape your life, but they don't have to define who you are. You might be seeking clarity, healing, or a renewed sense of purpose, growth and you're looking for a space where you feel heard, understood, and supported. Whether you're dealing with personal challenges or relationship difficulties, I aim to help you build resilience and find growth on your own terms.
(587) 842-0132 View (587) 842-0132
Photo of Beth Wocks - Ethos Counselling, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Ethos Counselling
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
3 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
Now offering some limited evening hours. Accepting new clients. They feel stuck, avoiding situations and begin to miss out. You try to reassure them but it doesn't seem to help. They become irritable, tearful or just shut down and you don't know how to help your child. It is exhausting. Whether you are seeking therapy for yourself or your child, relief is possible and there are many different types of therapies that can help you begin to challenge those fears and begin living life confidently.
Now offering some limited evening hours. Accepting new clients. They feel stuck, avoiding situations and begin to miss out. You try to reassure them but it doesn't seem to help. They become irritable, tearful or just shut down and you don't know how to help your child. It is exhausting. Whether you are seeking therapy for yourself or your child, relief is possible and there are many different types of therapies that can help you begin to challenge those fears and begin living life confidently.
(587) 802-3769 View (587) 802-3769
Photo of Brenden Mandrusiak
Brenden Mandrusiak
Verified Verified
Red Deer, AB T4R
I support individuals struggling with unresolved trauma, relational concerns, anxiety, depression, chronic stress, burnout or those feeling overwhelmed or disconnected in life. My mission is to equip you with the tools and strategies to rebuild emotional resilience, strengthen self-awareness, and live a life aligned with your values. I am also passionate about supporting individuals with performance management in their careers, sports, or day-to-day functioning. By integrating mindfulness practices, somatic methods, and strategic coaching, I empower clients to create purposeful, sustainable change personally and professionally.
I support individuals struggling with unresolved trauma, relational concerns, anxiety, depression, chronic stress, burnout or those feeling overwhelmed or disconnected in life. My mission is to equip you with the tools and strategies to rebuild emotional resilience, strengthen self-awareness, and live a life aligned with your values. I am also passionate about supporting individuals with performance management in their careers, sports, or day-to-day functioning. By integrating mindfulness practices, somatic methods, and strategic coaching, I empower clients to create purposeful, sustainable change personally and professionally.
(825) 798-0998 View (825) 798-0998
Photo of Amber Chamberlain, Registered Provisional Psychologist
Amber Chamberlain
Registered Provisional Psychologist
1 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
You’re exhausted from being the “strong one.” On the outside, you look like you have it all together—people come to you for advice, you show up for work or family, and you push through even when you’re overwhelmed. But inside, you’re tired. Anxious. Stressed. Maybe even a little lost. You’ve hit that point where something has to change, and you’re finally ready to focus on you. What You Want: To stop overthinking everything. To feel confident instead of second-guessing yourself. Healthier boundaries, less anxiety, more peace. To show up in your life without carrying the weight of the world.
You’re exhausted from being the “strong one.” On the outside, you look like you have it all together—people come to you for advice, you show up for work or family, and you push through even when you’re overwhelmed. But inside, you’re tired. Anxious. Stressed. Maybe even a little lost. You’ve hit that point where something has to change, and you’re finally ready to focus on you. What You Want: To stop overthinking everything. To feel confident instead of second-guessing yourself. Healthier boundaries, less anxiety, more peace. To show up in your life without carrying the weight of the world.
(825) 254-7162 View (825) 254-7162
Photo of Shawna Belen Campos, Registered Provisional Psychologist, BA, MACP, RTC
Shawna Belen Campos
Registered Provisional Psychologist, BA, MACP, RTC
3 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
Sitting in the silence while our thoughts are screaming. Feeling as though you are still on the outside but everything is spinning out of control on the inside. We all have felt the chaos of life. Often just having a space to unpack everything we are thinking and feeling can make all the difference and a needed shift. I am an absolute believer in change, growth, and goal achievement. Change and growth is a process, and when given the opportunity I create breathing room for individuals to identify their challenges, their strengths, their needs, and their wants; supporting them through that journey of self discovery and affirmation.
Sitting in the silence while our thoughts are screaming. Feeling as though you are still on the outside but everything is spinning out of control on the inside. We all have felt the chaos of life. Often just having a space to unpack everything we are thinking and feeling can make all the difference and a needed shift. I am an absolute believer in change, growth, and goal achievement. Change and growth is a process, and when given the opportunity I create breathing room for individuals to identify their challenges, their strengths, their needs, and their wants; supporting them through that journey of self discovery and affirmation.
(825) 807-7002 View (825) 807-7002
Photo of Dianne Gomes, Psychologist, MC, BEd, RPsych
Dianne Gomes
Psychologist, MC, BEd, RPsych
3 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
I am a Registered Psychologist based in Red Deer, providing compassionate and evidence-based support to older adolescents, adults, couples, and families. My practice focuses on helping individuals navigate the effects of current or past trauma, mood disorders, relationship challenges, parenting difficulties, and life or work-related stress. I have a particular interest in working with educators and public safety personnel, including healthcare professionals, first responders, police officers, correctional staff, and both active duty and veteran service members. I am also deeply committed to supporting vulnerable populations.
I am a Registered Psychologist based in Red Deer, providing compassionate and evidence-based support to older adolescents, adults, couples, and families. My practice focuses on helping individuals navigate the effects of current or past trauma, mood disorders, relationship challenges, parenting difficulties, and life or work-related stress. I have a particular interest in working with educators and public safety personnel, including healthcare professionals, first responders, police officers, correctional staff, and both active duty and veteran service members. I am also deeply committed to supporting vulnerable populations.
(825) 250-3368 View (825) 250-3368
Photo of Tara-Leigh Barker Blankenstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, RSW, RCSW, MALM
Tara-Leigh Barker Blankenstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, RSW, RCSW, MALM
3 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
Accepting new clients and no waitlist. (See website to book). Finding a therapist you like can be a challenge. For over 30 years, I have honed my practice in the criminal justice system, forensic psychiatry, and sexual abuse/trauma. I work with youth (15+) through adults and together, we navigate areas not limited to trauma, mental health, addictions, anger management and spirituality. Special focuses are men's mental health, religious trauma/abuse, victims /survivors of crime, adult adoptees, and spiritual leaders/pastors. I am provider for NIHB's FNIB's Branch and provide clinical supervision for social workers and therapists.
Accepting new clients and no waitlist. (See website to book). Finding a therapist you like can be a challenge. For over 30 years, I have honed my practice in the criminal justice system, forensic psychiatry, and sexual abuse/trauma. I work with youth (15+) through adults and together, we navigate areas not limited to trauma, mental health, addictions, anger management and spirituality. Special focuses are men's mental health, religious trauma/abuse, victims /survivors of crime, adult adoptees, and spiritual leaders/pastors. I am provider for NIHB's FNIB's Branch and provide clinical supervision for social workers and therapists.
(825) 250-3588 View (825) 250-3588
Photo of Johan Halland, Psychologist, PsyD, RPsych
Johan Halland
Psychologist, PsyD, RPsych
1 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
Welcome! I offer evening and weekend appointments and provide comprehensive assessment and evidence-based therapy to children, youth, and adults experiencing a range of social, emotional, behavioural, and mental health struggles. My doctorate was on trauma within the family system and how to use therapy as a tool to promote post-traumatic growth. The process begins with a free consultation to help determine the best path towards greater understanding and wellbeing.
Welcome! I offer evening and weekend appointments and provide comprehensive assessment and evidence-based therapy to children, youth, and adults experiencing a range of social, emotional, behavioural, and mental health struggles. My doctorate was on trauma within the family system and how to use therapy as a tool to promote post-traumatic growth. The process begins with a free consultation to help determine the best path towards greater understanding and wellbeing.
(825) 906-3088 View (825) 906-3088
Photo of Gwendolyn Stockklausner, Registered Provisional Psychologist, MACP, BEd
Gwendolyn Stockklausner
Registered Provisional Psychologist, MACP, BEd
2 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
Is your child or teen anxious, overwhelmed, or shutting down emotionally? Is there family conflict or behavioral concerns? Play Therapy can help. I'm one of the few qualifying Play Therapists in Red Deer who specialize in helping clients ages 4+ navigate big feelings, behavioral challenges, and social struggles through play-based therapy and family collaboration.
Is your child or teen anxious, overwhelmed, or shutting down emotionally? Is there family conflict or behavioral concerns? Play Therapy can help. I'm one of the few qualifying Play Therapists in Red Deer who specialize in helping clients ages 4+ navigate big feelings, behavioral challenges, and social struggles through play-based therapy and family collaboration.
(825) 251-9416 View (825) 251-9416
Photo of Lisa Apperley, Psychologist, MC
Lisa Apperley
Psychologist, MC
4 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
Sometimes life can throw us curve balls that leave us feeling stuck and alone. I believe there is no problem too small or too big to reach out for support. My practice focuses on life transitions, mental health and/or addiction. My experience extends to working with the complexity of multiple issues at once, such as addiction and mental health. I provide skilled support, compassion and guidance for family or friends who are feeling the toll of addictions and mental health from their loved one. My strength based approach allows people to move forward and overcome any setbacks.
Sometimes life can throw us curve balls that leave us feeling stuck and alone. I believe there is no problem too small or too big to reach out for support. My practice focuses on life transitions, mental health and/or addiction. My experience extends to working with the complexity of multiple issues at once, such as addiction and mental health. I provide skilled support, compassion and guidance for family or friends who are feeling the toll of addictions and mental health from their loved one. My strength based approach allows people to move forward and overcome any setbacks.
(587) 806-3632 View (587) 806-3632
Photo of Lana Kennedy, Counsellor, MACP, BEd, CCC
Lana Kennedy
Counsellor, MACP, BEd, CCC
2 Endorsed
Red Deer, AB T4R
I enjoy working with clients who want to explore the origins of their symptoms, whether it is related to past trauma or rooted in unhealthy beliefs or troubling relationship issues. More and more people are struggling with anxiety and depression, it is almost epidemic really. These struggles show up in a host of somatic symptoms, such as sleep issues, body pain, nausea, fatigue, irregularities in appetite, and headaches. In our attempt to escape feelings of emotional overwhelm we turn to other things to distract us. Once we learn to look past these distractions and address our feelings we then open the door to real healing.
I enjoy working with clients who want to explore the origins of their symptoms, whether it is related to past trauma or rooted in unhealthy beliefs or troubling relationship issues. More and more people are struggling with anxiety and depression, it is almost epidemic really. These struggles show up in a host of somatic symptoms, such as sleep issues, body pain, nausea, fatigue, irregularities in appetite, and headaches. In our attempt to escape feelings of emotional overwhelm we turn to other things to distract us. Once we learn to look past these distractions and address our feelings we then open the door to real healing.
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Photo of Rebecca Smith, Psychologist, BA, MACP, RPsych
Rebecca Smith
Psychologist, BA, MACP, RPsych
Red Deer, AB T4R
I am here for you. I am here for your child and teen. I am here to help hold some of life’s challenges so you don’t have to do them alone. I am also here to celebrate life’s successes. I am here with an intentional space filled with nurturing warmth. Let’s work towards creating feelings of balance in your life the lagom way. As you have read, I love working with children (5 +), teens, and young adults. I also enjoy connecting with parents and perinatal mothers (prenatal and postpartum); helping them embrace the parenting journey for all it has to offer.
I am here for you. I am here for your child and teen. I am here to help hold some of life’s challenges so you don’t have to do them alone. I am also here to celebrate life’s successes. I am here with an intentional space filled with nurturing warmth. Let’s work towards creating feelings of balance in your life the lagom way. As you have read, I love working with children (5 +), teens, and young adults. I also enjoy connecting with parents and perinatal mothers (prenatal and postpartum); helping them embrace the parenting journey for all it has to offer.
(825) 508-7644 View (825) 508-7644

See more therapy options for T4R

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in T4R

50+

Average cost per session

$220

Counsellors in T4R who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Depression
84% Relationship Issues
80% Trauma and PTSD
78% Stress
74% Coping Skills
74% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% Green Shield Canada
73% Alberta Blue Cross
70% Canada Life | Great-West Life

How Counsellors in T4R see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
22% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in T4R?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.