Hypnotherapists in Dorset, VT

Photo of Leslie A Reed, PhD LLC, Psychologist in Dorset, VT
Leslie A Reed, PhD LLC
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Dorset, VT 05251
I offer clients a calm, compassionate presence, providing practical tools to navigate life's inevitable challenges. Therapy provides a safe, supportive space for growth, healing, and discovery. Drawing from the latest research in neuroscience, attachment theory, mindfulness, and cognitive behavioral therapy, I customize treatment according to your goals. Enhanced happiness is not just a wishful goal. Current research concludes that 40 percent of an individual's happiness is based on choices, attitudes and ways of thinking/behaving. My intention is to enhance your well-being, freedom and capacity to be present for your life.
I offer clients a calm, compassionate presence, providing practical tools to navigate life's inevitable challenges. Therapy provides a safe, supportive space for growth, healing, and discovery. Drawing from the latest research in neuroscience, attachment theory, mindfulness, and cognitive behavioral therapy, I customize treatment according to your goals. Enhanced happiness is not just a wishful goal. Current research concludes that 40 percent of an individual's happiness is based on choices, attitudes and ways of thinking/behaving. My intention is to enhance your well-being, freedom and capacity to be present for your life.
(802) 277-7078 View (802) 277-7078

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Maple Leaf Clinic, Psychologist in Dorset, VT
Maple Leaf Clinic
Psychologist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Manchester, VT 05254
Maple Leaf Clinic, P.C. founded by Dr. Dean Mooney, provides a wide variety of services to the community including neuropsychological, educational, and psychological evaluations of children, adolescents and adults. Psychotherapy for people of all ages is also available. We also provide social skills development for all ages, cognitive rehabilitation for brain damage using the REHABIT program, professional development, and educational or clinical consultation (in person, by phone, or through FaceTime, Zoom, Doxy, Google Meet, or other telehealth options).
Maple Leaf Clinic, P.C. founded by Dr. Dean Mooney, provides a wide variety of services to the community including neuropsychological, educational, and psychological evaluations of children, adolescents and adults. Psychotherapy for people of all ages is also available. We also provide social skills development for all ages, cognitive rehabilitation for brain damage using the REHABIT program, professional development, and educational or clinical consultation (in person, by phone, or through FaceTime, Zoom, Doxy, Google Meet, or other telehealth options).
(802) 446-3577 View (802) 446-3577
Photo of Timothy W Latsko, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dorset, VT
Timothy W Latsko
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC , LMFT
Verified Verified
Manchester, VT 05254  (Online Only)
Psychotherapy is a lifelong arduous learning and self exploration process that will improve the quality of life. I approach therapy with genuineness, unconditional positive regard, accurate empathy, and respect. I will competently employ techniques in which I have received training to assist you in reaching your goals. Technics I may use are EMDR, hypnosis, confrontation, desensitization, homework, humor, imagery, 'I' statements, modeling, psychodrama, journal writing and role-playing. If through the course of psychotherapy an acceptable degree of progress is not reached, I will refer you to another licensed professional.
Psychotherapy is a lifelong arduous learning and self exploration process that will improve the quality of life. I approach therapy with genuineness, unconditional positive regard, accurate empathy, and respect. I will competently employ techniques in which I have received training to assist you in reaching your goals. Technics I may use are EMDR, hypnosis, confrontation, desensitization, homework, humor, imagery, 'I' statements, modeling, psychodrama, journal writing and role-playing. If through the course of psychotherapy an acceptable degree of progress is not reached, I will refer you to another licensed professional.
(843) 281-7622 View (843) 281-7622

Online Therapists

Photo of Kerry K Skiffington, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Dorset, VT
Kerry K Skiffington
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MA, LCHMC, DHyp
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05408  (Online Only)
Life is a daring adventure... with a lot of pitfalls and crash landings. Sometimes you need help to get out, over and/or through. I provide psychotherapy with respect, compassion, and a sense of humor to guide and walk alongside you. I focus on skill-building and helping you become the hero of your own life, sometimes combining counseling with hypnotherapy. I follow the Intentional Peer Support philosophy: there is nothing wrong with you; and you are the expert on your own life.
Life is a daring adventure... with a lot of pitfalls and crash landings. Sometimes you need help to get out, over and/or through. I provide psychotherapy with respect, compassion, and a sense of humor to guide and walk alongside you. I focus on skill-building and helping you become the hero of your own life, sometimes combining counseling with hypnotherapy. I follow the Intentional Peer Support philosophy: there is nothing wrong with you; and you are the expert on your own life.
(802) 266-4538 View (802) 266-4538
Photo of Anya Raven Hunter, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dorset, VT
Anya Raven Hunter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401  (Online Only)
I integrate Eastern and Western approaches in my counseling and hypnotherapy practice, and I can work closely with alternative and mainstream providers.
Accepting new clients! These are very stressful times. People are anxious, not sleeping well, finding it hard to cope, overeating, or turning to other not-so-healthy habits. Therapy, support, hypnosis and coaching CAN help! So can learning to take better care of yourself (including getting enough sleep!) and improving your coping skills. And hypnotherapy can help shift habits and patterns that don't serve you. Please Note: I no longer work with trauma, PTSD, and chronic pain.
I integrate Eastern and Western approaches in my counseling and hypnotherapy practice, and I can work closely with alternative and mainstream providers.
Accepting new clients! These are very stressful times. People are anxious, not sleeping well, finding it hard to cope, overeating, or turning to other not-so-healthy habits. Therapy, support, hypnosis and coaching CAN help! So can learning to take better care of yourself (including getting enough sleep!) and improving your coping skills. And hypnotherapy can help shift habits and patterns that don't serve you. Please Note: I no longer work with trauma, PTSD, and chronic pain.
(802) 227-2283 View (802) 227-2283
Photo of Sherry Rhynard, Pre-Licensed Professional in Dorset, VT
Sherry Rhynard
Pre-Licensed Professional, CH, SMC, LC, LLC
Verified Verified
Montpelier, VT 05602  (Online Only)
I use a variety of coaching tools including hypnotherapy, meditation training, biofeedback, Reiki, EFT Tapping (Emotional Freedom Technique), and intentional breathing - to help with issues such as stress and anxiety, smoking cessation, weight loss, overcoming phobias, building confidence, public speaking and a wide range of other concerns and issues.
Are you looking to make positive changes in your personal, relationships, or work life? Feel better mentally and physically? Quit smoking, lose weight, or generally feel more confident and fulfilled? Stress and anxiety can be challenging hurdles to overcome without the right tools. It’s easy to look around and see others seemingly at peace and living their lives to the fullest while you feel like you’re barely treading water. You would like to change your behavior, beliefs, or thoughts, or perhaps resolve emotions that weigh you down but have yet to be as successful as you would like.
I use a variety of coaching tools including hypnotherapy, meditation training, biofeedback, Reiki, EFT Tapping (Emotional Freedom Technique), and intentional breathing - to help with issues such as stress and anxiety, smoking cessation, weight loss, overcoming phobias, building confidence, public speaking and a wide range of other concerns and issues.
Are you looking to make positive changes in your personal, relationships, or work life? Feel better mentally and physically? Quit smoking, lose weight, or generally feel more confident and fulfilled? Stress and anxiety can be challenging hurdles to overcome without the right tools. It’s easy to look around and see others seemingly at peace and living their lives to the fullest while you feel like you’re barely treading water. You would like to change your behavior, beliefs, or thoughts, or perhaps resolve emotions that weigh you down but have yet to be as successful as you would like.
(802) 695-0195 View (802) 695-0195
Photo of Mike Landon in Dorset, VT
Mike Landon
MS, RP, SHRM-SC
Verified Verified
White River Junction, VT 05001
Collaborative counseling and consulting can help. Together we create a professional and purposeful space for reflection and decision making. I can help you navigate lasting change, overcome barriers, accelerate development, achieve balance and meet-or exceed-your goals. Strengths-based collaborative counseling for individuals and families helps to clarify and resolve conflicts and advance personal and professional growth. We work together to develop sustainable solutions, healthy relationships and mutual understanding.
Collaborative counseling and consulting can help. Together we create a professional and purposeful space for reflection and decision making. I can help you navigate lasting change, overcome barriers, accelerate development, achieve balance and meet-or exceed-your goals. Strengths-based collaborative counseling for individuals and families helps to clarify and resolve conflicts and advance personal and professional growth. We work together to develop sustainable solutions, healthy relationships and mutual understanding.
(802) 392-4042 View (802) 392-4042
Photo of Ruth Kenrick, M.A., L.I.C.S.W., B.C.D., Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dorset, VT
Ruth Kenrick, M.A., L.I.C.S.W., B.C.D.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LICSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Brattleboro, VT 05301  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
An effective, compassionate therapist helps you connect to your own wisdom and harness the energy to thrive. Though life can be hard sometimes, extreme suffering need not persist. I will help you escape stuck patterns or traumas that stop you from enjoying life and doing what matters most to you. It's common to have to rediscover, or even learn for the first time, how to live well. During difficult times, we may just need a little assistance. I have twenty-five years of experience supporting clients as they eliminate obstacles, reach cherished goals & attain enduring satisfaction.
An effective, compassionate therapist helps you connect to your own wisdom and harness the energy to thrive. Though life can be hard sometimes, extreme suffering need not persist. I will help you escape stuck patterns or traumas that stop you from enjoying life and doing what matters most to you. It's common to have to rediscover, or even learn for the first time, how to live well. During difficult times, we may just need a little assistance. I have twenty-five years of experience supporting clients as they eliminate obstacles, reach cherished goals & attain enduring satisfaction.
(802) 466-4198 View (802) 466-4198
Photo of Audrey Dolores Gilbert in Dorset, VT
Audrey Dolores Gilbert
CHP
Not Verified Not Verified
White River Junction, VT 05001
Hello! I'm so happy you found me! I am a holistic hypnotherapist and wellness coach. I take a holistic approach, meaning I consider the whole individual when I develop treatment plans. I love integrating many different alternative healing arts in my practice. Some areas of expertise are childhood emotional neglect, trauma recovery, personal development, body image. As an intuitive empath, I can help identify your unmet needs and draw out your strengths. I can help you access and harness the power of your own subconscious mind and make those positive changes you've been wanting in your life.
Hello! I'm so happy you found me! I am a holistic hypnotherapist and wellness coach. I take a holistic approach, meaning I consider the whole individual when I develop treatment plans. I love integrating many different alternative healing arts in my practice. Some areas of expertise are childhood emotional neglect, trauma recovery, personal development, body image. As an intuitive empath, I can help identify your unmet needs and draw out your strengths. I can help you access and harness the power of your own subconscious mind and make those positive changes you've been wanting in your life.
(603) 780-4049 View (603) 780-4049
Photo of Neil Marinello in Dorset, VT
Neil Marinello
PsyD
Verified Verified
Woodstock, VT 05091
I've developed techniques based on my personality that help people change for the better as quickly, efficiently, and painlessly as possible. My ways of helping clients require me to understand how they think, compare it to the reality I see, and discuss the differences. After practicing as a clinical psychologist in rural Vermont for 36 years, I'm now a Solution-Focused Life Coach offering short term interventions to help solve minor or major feeling-related problems. I don't take notes. I don't bill insurance. To me confidentiality is a high priority.
I've developed techniques based on my personality that help people change for the better as quickly, efficiently, and painlessly as possible. My ways of helping clients require me to understand how they think, compare it to the reality I see, and discuss the differences. After practicing as a clinical psychologist in rural Vermont for 36 years, I'm now a Solution-Focused Life Coach offering short term interventions to help solve minor or major feeling-related problems. I don't take notes. I don't bill insurance. To me confidentiality is a high priority.
(802) 348-2972 View (802) 348-2972
Photo of Jennifer Degen, Registered Psychotherapist in Dorset, VT
Jennifer Degen
Registered Psychotherapist, MA
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Waitsfield, VT 05673
Did you know that the body's natural response to stress includes restless, on edge wound up feelings? Stress also compromises our attention? You might feel digestive and sleep issues, feelings of anxiousness, and dis-ease. Has a recent life event, such as a job transition, a shift in your relationships, or unsettling medical news, triggered these feelings of unease? It's essential to recognize that such moments of high alert often present remarkable opportunities for personal growth, even though they may not initially feel terrible, awful or unsettling. From experience, I can help you find brightness in the darker places.
Did you know that the body's natural response to stress includes restless, on edge wound up feelings? Stress also compromises our attention? You might feel digestive and sleep issues, feelings of anxiousness, and dis-ease. Has a recent life event, such as a job transition, a shift in your relationships, or unsettling medical news, triggered these feelings of unease? It's essential to recognize that such moments of high alert often present remarkable opportunities for personal growth, even though they may not initially feel terrible, awful or unsettling. From experience, I can help you find brightness in the darker places.
(802) 392-4214 View (802) 392-4214
Photo of Green Mountain Hypnosis in Dorset, VT
Green Mountain Hypnosis
CH, CHI, RN
Verified Verified
White River Junction, VT 05001  (Online Only)
Green Mountain Hypnosis is a client-centered hypnosis practice that uses evidence-based hypnotic techniques to promote and empower health and wellness. Karen specializes in empowering everyday people to effectively navigate life's challenges. Her background in nursing brings a unique perspective to the mind-body connection, allowing her to give her clients the tools they need to better manage stress, weight, and chronic disease, as well as overcome limiting beliefs that stand in the way of their success.
Green Mountain Hypnosis is a client-centered hypnosis practice that uses evidence-based hypnotic techniques to promote and empower health and wellness. Karen specializes in empowering everyday people to effectively navigate life's challenges. Her background in nursing brings a unique perspective to the mind-body connection, allowing her to give her clients the tools they need to better manage stress, weight, and chronic disease, as well as overcome limiting beliefs that stand in the way of their success.
(802) 536-4122 View (802) 536-4122
Photo of Motivation Hypnosis, Counselor in Dorset, VT
Motivation Hypnosis
Counselor, MEd, RNBC, LCMHC, LCSW
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
Hello - I am a counselor who is also a Board Certified Psychiatric Nurse with 40 years of experience, including 20 years of practicing Clinical Hypnosis for a myriad of issues: anxiety, trauma, depression, and pain, to name but a few. I also train clinicians to utilize Clinical Hypnosis and am an Approved Consultant for the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis. I focus on finding and treating the cause of the symptoms and in this way, most symptoms are markedly reduced and, often gone altogether. As a client, you and I would team up together and work cooperatively as a team!
Hello - I am a counselor who is also a Board Certified Psychiatric Nurse with 40 years of experience, including 20 years of practicing Clinical Hypnosis for a myriad of issues: anxiety, trauma, depression, and pain, to name but a few. I also train clinicians to utilize Clinical Hypnosis and am an Approved Consultant for the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis. I focus on finding and treating the cause of the symptoms and in this way, most symptoms are markedly reduced and, often gone altogether. As a client, you and I would team up together and work cooperatively as a team!
(802) 891-4348 View (802) 891-4348
Photo of Jennifer Starks, Marriage & Family Therapist in Dorset, VT
Jennifer Starks
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Montpelier, VT 05602  (Online Only)
Are you having difficulty feeling connected in your relationship? Do you find yourself not communicating as well as you would like? You may be tired of feeling distant and disconnected, or constantly not feeling like your relationship is living up to your expectations. Maybe you don't even remember a time when it wasn't this way, but you know you are ready for some relief. You're ready to improve how you talk about feelings. You're ready to live a life where you are excited each day to come home to your partner. Most of all, your ready for intimacy to live up to what you want it to be.
Are you having difficulty feeling connected in your relationship? Do you find yourself not communicating as well as you would like? You may be tired of feeling distant and disconnected, or constantly not feeling like your relationship is living up to your expectations. Maybe you don't even remember a time when it wasn't this way, but you know you are ready for some relief. You're ready to improve how you talk about feelings. You're ready to live a life where you are excited each day to come home to your partner. Most of all, your ready for intimacy to live up to what you want it to be.
(651) 661-5599 View (651) 661-5599
Photo of Medina Colaku, Counselor in Dorset, VT
Medina Colaku
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Burlington, VT 05401  (Online Only)
Learning how to hold space for yourself and your emotions can be difficult. You deserve a space to slow down, take a breath, and connect with what matters most to you - I'm here to hold that safe space for you. I enjoy working with humans who are experiencing anxiety, depression, burnout, or are in the midst of pivotal life shifts. I also work with those healing from trauma, specifically the type of trauma that’s made you feel unseen, unheard or if you've felt unloved. We'll access a place inside you that allows you to become more curious and aware of the processes currently running your life.
Learning how to hold space for yourself and your emotions can be difficult. You deserve a space to slow down, take a breath, and connect with what matters most to you - I'm here to hold that safe space for you. I enjoy working with humans who are experiencing anxiety, depression, burnout, or are in the midst of pivotal life shifts. I also work with those healing from trauma, specifically the type of trauma that’s made you feel unseen, unheard or if you've felt unloved. We'll access a place inside you that allows you to become more curious and aware of the processes currently running your life.
(862) 225-6527 View (862) 225-6527
Photo of Jane Shustin, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dorset, VT
Jane Shustin, LICSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
South Burlington, VT 05403  (Online Only)
Goddess Inspired Coaching is my new offering for women over 60 who want to self-actualize. The coaching model I created is intended to guide women to: Connect to the divine feminine and the Self, strengthen Courage and inner guidance and make soul-aligned Choices. It’s an enlivening process, both deep and fun, that honors and values what it means be a woman of crone age.
Goddess Inspired Coaching is my new offering for women over 60 who want to self-actualize. The coaching model I created is intended to guide women to: Connect to the divine feminine and the Self, strengthen Courage and inner guidance and make soul-aligned Choices. It’s an enlivening process, both deep and fun, that honors and values what it means be a woman of crone age.
(802) 327-7109 View (802) 327-7109
Photo of Gray Matters Counseling and Wellness, PLLC, Counselor in Dorset, VT
Gray Matters Counseling and Wellness, PLLC
Counselor, MS, LCMHC, RYT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brattleboro, VT 05301
We are currently accepting new, adult clients (18+) for individual therapy. We are not open for couples or family counseling at this time. At Gray Matters, we help clients reach their emotional wellness goals using a variety of modalities. Meeting clients where they are, we offer single, short-term, long-term, and maintenance sessions through coaching, counseling, psychotherapy, consultation, and mediation. This is not a place to merely 'vent' about problems. Here, clients are active participants in identifying issues and taking the necessary steps to resolve those issues both during and in-between sessions.
We are currently accepting new, adult clients (18+) for individual therapy. We are not open for couples or family counseling at this time. At Gray Matters, we help clients reach their emotional wellness goals using a variety of modalities. Meeting clients where they are, we offer single, short-term, long-term, and maintenance sessions through coaching, counseling, psychotherapy, consultation, and mediation. This is not a place to merely 'vent' about problems. Here, clients are active participants in identifying issues and taking the necessary steps to resolve those issues both during and in-between sessions.
(603) 678-4279 View (603) 678-4279
Photo of Jess DiGiorgianni, Counselor in Dorset, VT
Jess DiGiorgianni
Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Williston, VT 05495
I conceptualize therapy as a collaborative process in which therapist and client determine treatment content and goals, working to create an environment of compassion, challenge and insight capable of motivating those disruptive changes which constitute so much of the meaning of therapy. In attempting to individualize treatment, I cultivate an integrative responsiveness utilizing those techniques that seem best able to serve the client's needs and promote therapeutic goals. Often these goals extend beyond symptom relief to include the enhancement of psychological capacities and resources through self exploration and discovery in the context of a safe and authentic therapeutic relationship.
I conceptualize therapy as a collaborative process in which therapist and client determine treatment content and goals, working to create an environment of compassion, challenge and insight capable of motivating those disruptive changes which constitute so much of the meaning of therapy. In attempting to individualize treatment, I cultivate an integrative responsiveness utilizing those techniques that seem best able to serve the client's needs and promote therapeutic goals. Often these goals extend beyond symptom relief to include the enhancement of psychological capacities and resources through self exploration and discovery in the context of a safe and authentic therapeutic relationship.
(802) 357-4024 View (802) 357-4024
Photo of Morella Devost, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Dorset, VT
Morella Devost
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, EdM, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Burlington, VT 05408  (Online Only)
Hi there! It is my personal belief that we are all meant to thrive physically, mentally, and emotionally (that includes you). But we've all found ourselves at one point or another, feeling like life isn't exactly peachy... and trying to sort life out can feel really daunting. That's where I can help. My particular specialties are working with folks who have experienced childhood trauma and/or sexual trauma, people dealing with anxiety, or challenges in their interpersonal relationships.
Hi there! It is my personal belief that we are all meant to thrive physically, mentally, and emotionally (that includes you). But we've all found ourselves at one point or another, feeling like life isn't exactly peachy... and trying to sort life out can feel really daunting. That's where I can help. My particular specialties are working with folks who have experienced childhood trauma and/or sexual trauma, people dealing with anxiety, or challenges in their interpersonal relationships.
(802) 210-1732 View (802) 210-1732
Photo of Amy L. Adams MS, LMHC, LADC, Counselor in Dorset, VT
Amy L. Adams MS, LMHC, LADC
Counselor, MS, LCMHC, LADC
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05408  (Online Only)
To schedule a consultation, please copy and paste the following URL into your search bar: secure.helloalma.com/providers/amy-adams.
To schedule a consultation, please copy and paste the following URL into your search bar: secure.helloalma.com/providers/amy-adams.
(802) 999-3872 View (802) 999-3872
HypnoTherapy

How does hypnotherapy work?

Hypnotherapy works by using guided hypnosis to help you reach a state of focus and concentration through mental imagery and soothing verbal repetition. The state is somewhat like being absorbed in a book, a movie, or your own thoughts. You are not under a therapist’s “control,” but they can help you relax and turn your attention inward to discover the resources to achieve behavior change or better manage psychological concerns. Therapy sessions may involve guiding you through recognizing a problem, releasing problematic thoughts about it, and considering and accepting more productive alternatives before returning to normal awareness. Hypnotherapy is typically used by a therapist along with traditional forms of talk therapy. Eventually, your therapist can help you learn hypnotherapy techniques yourself so you can establish a stronger sense of control on your own in stressful or challenging moments.

Is hypnotherapy the same as hypnosis?

Hypnotherapy, which is sometimes called hypnotic suggestion, is a therapeutic technique in which a therapist uses hypnosis to help patients. It is not the kind of hypnosis portrayed in stage shows, or in movies or on television. You will not be unconscious or asleep during hypnotherapy, you will not lose control of yourself, your thoughts, or your free will, and you will be able to fully recall your experience. And while you will hear your therapist’s suggestions, it is always up to you to decide whether to act on them. Hypnosis by a trained mental-health professional is not a form of mind control, which is impossible to achieve anyway.

Can everyone be hypnotized?

The most common challenge of hypnotherapy is that as many as one in four people cannot be hypnotized. Brain imaging has confirmed differences in patterns of brain connectivity between those who respond to hypnotism and those who do not. Other people who could potentially be hypnotized may not respond to the technique because of their skepticism or resistance to entering a hypnotic state. If a therapist’s “post-hypnotic suggestion” is effective, it’s because they are suggesting something you want to achieve.

Does hypnotherapy work?

Through hypnotherapy, you can achieve changes that are real and sustainable. Like other talk therapy techniques, when hypnotherapy succeeds, it’s a case of mind over matter. Effective hypnotherapy involves self-healing because you access resources you need to change inside of yourself and learn how to tap into them whenever you need. Hypnotherapy has been shown to be an effective therapy for anxiety, phobias, stress, panic attacks, post-traumatic stress disorder, sexual dysfunction, and undesirable behaviors like smoking. It can be used to help improve sleep or to address relationship challenges, and to aid with pain management, digestive disorders, skin conditions, and the gastrointestinal side effects of pregnancy or chemotherapy.