Therapists in Lubbock, TX

Photo of Bailey Hagler, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MEd, NCC
Bailey Hagler
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MEd, NCC
Lubbock, TX 79423
Not accepting new clients
Cultivating self awareness skills can be one of the most challenging tasks we attempt to do. Not only do we all have others telling us who we are, we have societal voices telling us who we should be. It can be difficult to navigate alone. Knowing how to balance what we can accept and what we can change may help anxiety within our relationships with others and with ourselves. I invite you to see others and be seen; To look into a mirror and really see ourselves, as we are.
Cultivating self awareness skills can be one of the most challenging tasks we attempt to do. Not only do we all have others telling us who we are, we have societal voices telling us who we should be. It can be difficult to navigate alone. Knowing how to balance what we can accept and what we can change may help anxiety within our relationships with others and with ourselves. I invite you to see others and be seen; To look into a mirror and really see ourselves, as we are.
(806) 666-6198 View (806) 666-6198
Photo of Min Reynolds, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Min Reynolds
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
For military families, anxiety is often a shared yet unspoken companion. The unique challenges of military life, from deployments to constant relocations, can foster a sense of perpetual uncertainty. Acknowledging these shared experiences is vital in understanding that while the journey is challenging, it's also a path towards collective strength and support.
For military families, anxiety is often a shared yet unspoken companion. The unique challenges of military life, from deployments to constant relocations, can foster a sense of perpetual uncertainty. Acknowledging these shared experiences is vital in understanding that while the journey is challenging, it's also a path towards collective strength and support.
(806) 608-3202 View (806) 608-3202
Photo of Page Lacey Heisser, Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Page Lacey Heisser
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
4 Endorsed
Lubbock, TX 79414
If you are going through a painful experience or life transition, it’s normal to experience many emotions. Talking with a professional can help you process what you're going through, navigate difficult emotions and situations, and assist you in problem-solving. I am a Gottman trained therapist, which has particular benefit for couples. I'm available for individual or couple sessions, and I work with clients over age 17.
If you are going through a painful experience or life transition, it’s normal to experience many emotions. Talking with a professional can help you process what you're going through, navigate difficult emotions and situations, and assist you in problem-solving. I am a Gottman trained therapist, which has particular benefit for couples. I'm available for individual or couple sessions, and I work with clients over age 17.
(806) 553-7956 View (806) 553-7956
Photo of Hailey Ray - Hailey Ray, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC-S
Hailey Ray
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC-S
4 Endorsed
Lubbock, TX 79423
Right now you are stuck in a valley in life that you have found unexpectedly. Or you are experiencing a situation that has festered in your life and you have been unable to find healing or peace. Your honest question is, "Why is this happening?" Many people have received my help during seasons of their life like this. If you want to find the best you, and you are open to exploring who that is, I'm fully dedicated to helping you!
Right now you are stuck in a valley in life that you have found unexpectedly. Or you are experiencing a situation that has festered in your life and you have been unable to find healing or peace. Your honest question is, "Why is this happening?" Many people have received my help during seasons of their life like this. If you want to find the best you, and you are open to exploring who that is, I'm fully dedicated to helping you!
(806) 831-5529 View (806) 831-5529
Photo of Jonathan F Edwards - Jonathan Counseling , Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, CPS
Jonathan Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, CPS
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Jonathan is a Licensed Professional Counselor, a Certified Prevention Specialist, and a co-founder of a publishing company. He has a Masters Degree in Counseling from Texas Tech University. Jonathan has experience working with counseling teens, incarcerated adults and youth who have been in the foster care system. He has a passion for helping individuals to take the necessary steps forward in their personnel development. In session, Jonathan likes to create a judgement free zone in order to create a safe environment for clients to share their concerns.
Jonathan is a Licensed Professional Counselor, a Certified Prevention Specialist, and a co-founder of a publishing company. He has a Masters Degree in Counseling from Texas Tech University. Jonathan has experience working with counseling teens, incarcerated adults and youth who have been in the foster care system. He has a passion for helping individuals to take the necessary steps forward in their personnel development. In session, Jonathan likes to create a judgement free zone in order to create a safe environment for clients to share their concerns.
(806) 304-6167 View (806) 304-6167
Photo of Eric Shane Bowyer, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LSOTP
Eric Shane Bowyer
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LSOTP
1 Endorsed
Lubbock, TX 79416
I enjoy supporting people in taking a look at their lives, their challenges, and how they might better navigate through them. If you have the courage to be vulnerable, to face yourself with acceptance, rather than judgment, you are primed for growth and self-actualization. There are no perfect people. There are only people who decide to face their challenges or avoid them. Your potential to grow is only limited by how willing you are to look at your weaknesses, not as failings but as opportunities. Comparison and judgment has little value, but authenticity and self-acceptance will lead to change, harmony and more life satisfaction.
I enjoy supporting people in taking a look at their lives, their challenges, and how they might better navigate through them. If you have the courage to be vulnerable, to face yourself with acceptance, rather than judgment, you are primed for growth and self-actualization. There are no perfect people. There are only people who decide to face their challenges or avoid them. Your potential to grow is only limited by how willing you are to look at your weaknesses, not as failings but as opportunities. Comparison and judgment has little value, but authenticity and self-acceptance will lead to change, harmony and more life satisfaction.
(806) 515-3630 View (806) 515-3630
Photo of Elizabeth Acevedo-Landry, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Elizabeth Acevedo-Landry
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Lubbock, TX 79413
I’ve done this work for 18 years, and I still love it. During this time, I have been fortunate to work with teens, adults, couples, and families. I am trained in a variety of therapeutic interventions, including EMDR, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Solution-Focused Therapy, and Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy, allowing me to effectively address things like anxiety, depression, grief, and PTSD.
I’ve done this work for 18 years, and I still love it. During this time, I have been fortunate to work with teens, adults, couples, and families. I am trained in a variety of therapeutic interventions, including EMDR, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Solution-Focused Therapy, and Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy, allowing me to effectively address things like anxiety, depression, grief, and PTSD.
(806) 203-7623 View (806) 203-7623
Photo of Felicia Powell, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Felicia Powell
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Lubbock, TX 79414
If you are stressed, frustrated and stuck, then you have come to the right place. I am here waiting for your call. Life can be hard dealing with the ups and downs in our journey but you are not alone. Let me help you take those steps to find your way to a better you.
If you are stressed, frustrated and stuck, then you have come to the right place. I am here waiting for your call. Life can be hard dealing with the ups and downs in our journey but you are not alone. Let me help you take those steps to find your way to a better you.
(806) 542-2605 View (806) 542-2605
Photo of Chelsey Thornhill, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LCPC(S), NCC
Chelsey Thornhill
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LCPC(S), NCC
2 Endorsed
Lubbock, TX 79410
We provide in-person counseling in Texas & supervision in KS, as well as telehealth in KS. Accepting supervisees Whether you’re seeking support for your mental health or professional guidance as a clinician, I create a safe and welcoming space where your comfort and well-being are paramount. Starting therapy takes courage, & I honor that by meeting you with empathy, respect, and a personalized approach. Your unique goals, experiences, and needs guide every step of our work together. We recognize the vulnerability in sharing your story and are committed to building a trusting, confidential relationship throughout your journey.
We provide in-person counseling in Texas & supervision in KS, as well as telehealth in KS. Accepting supervisees Whether you’re seeking support for your mental health or professional guidance as a clinician, I create a safe and welcoming space where your comfort and well-being are paramount. Starting therapy takes courage, & I honor that by meeting you with empathy, respect, and a personalized approach. Your unique goals, experiences, and needs guide every step of our work together. We recognize the vulnerability in sharing your story and are committed to building a trusting, confidential relationship throughout your journey.
(806) 484-1769 View (806) 484-1769
Photo of Kristin L Lefforge, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, EMDR
Kristin L Lefforge
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, EMDR
1 Endorsed
Lubbock, TX 79423
Do you struggle with low self esteem/negative self talk & want to gain more confidence? Do you feel you lost your true self in other roles & want to feel more whole again? Do you suffer from unwanted intrusive thoughts, obsessions or compulsions? Have you experienced trauma recently or from childhood? If you said yes to any of these, I’d love to visit with you - even if you have no idea where to start! I have a passion to help individuals discover how much they are worth & live their life to the fullest. Therapy isn't always an easy path, so give yourself credit for even thinking about asking for help and possibly reaching out.
Do you struggle with low self esteem/negative self talk & want to gain more confidence? Do you feel you lost your true self in other roles & want to feel more whole again? Do you suffer from unwanted intrusive thoughts, obsessions or compulsions? Have you experienced trauma recently or from childhood? If you said yes to any of these, I’d love to visit with you - even if you have no idea where to start! I have a passion to help individuals discover how much they are worth & live their life to the fullest. Therapy isn't always an easy path, so give yourself credit for even thinking about asking for help and possibly reaching out.
(806) 391-7169 View (806) 391-7169
Photo of Mariah Davis, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Mariah Davis
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
2 Endorsed
Lubbock, TX 79414
Waitlist for new clients
I've been trained to help with depression, anxiety, and trauma. Through evidence-based approaches like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Trauma-Focused CBT (TF-CBT), I equip clients with practical tools to manage challenges and build healthy coping mechanisms. For deeper trauma healing, I also utilize EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), a well-researched therapy proven effective for treating trauma, PTSD, anxiety, and depression. My practice welcomes both adults and adolescents (13+) seeking support on their journey towards emotional well-being.
I've been trained to help with depression, anxiety, and trauma. Through evidence-based approaches like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Trauma-Focused CBT (TF-CBT), I equip clients with practical tools to manage challenges and build healthy coping mechanisms. For deeper trauma healing, I also utilize EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), a well-researched therapy proven effective for treating trauma, PTSD, anxiety, and depression. My practice welcomes both adults and adolescents (13+) seeking support on their journey towards emotional well-being.
(806) 203-6268 View (806) 203-6268
Photo of Vanessa Coca-Lyle, Psychologist, PhD
Vanessa Coca-Lyle
Psychologist, PhD
6 Endorsed
Lubbock, TX 79423
You may be reading this because you feel like you have tried everything to feel better, but nothing seems to work. You find yourself feeling overwhelmed by life in general, and you have been fighting with family, friends, or the person you love more than usual. Or you might find yourself feeling anxious lately, and you aren't sure why. In general, you are ready to feel better and enjoy the people around you.
You may be reading this because you feel like you have tried everything to feel better, but nothing seems to work. You find yourself feeling overwhelmed by life in general, and you have been fighting with family, friends, or the person you love more than usual. Or you might find yourself feeling anxious lately, and you aren't sure why. In general, you are ready to feel better and enjoy the people around you.
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Photo of Yolanda Vela, Counselor, MA, TX LPC, NM LPCC
Yolanda Vela
Counselor, MA, TX LPC, NM LPCC
5 Endorsed
Lubbock, TX 79414
Life can be super overwhelming at times and partnering with someone to help navigate that can be reassuring and help us not feel so alone. Healing can be fostered and supported when there is emotional safety, in other words when your nervous system is calm, feels safe & can relax. I specialize in helping women find those answers that reside within them and excavate what no longer serves them. Taking the first step takes courage. Let's walk on your journey together as you embark on becoming your best self, your highest version of you.
Life can be super overwhelming at times and partnering with someone to help navigate that can be reassuring and help us not feel so alone. Healing can be fostered and supported when there is emotional safety, in other words when your nervous system is calm, feels safe & can relax. I specialize in helping women find those answers that reside within them and excavate what no longer serves them. Taking the first step takes courage. Let's walk on your journey together as you embark on becoming your best self, your highest version of you.
(806) 583-1036 View (806) 583-1036
Photo of Karla Privett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Karla Privett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
5 Endorsed
Lubbock, TX 79423
Now accepting child, teen, or adult clients! If you find yourself in a tough season of life, I hope that you know that you do not have to do this alone. I would love to walk with you through whatever you are facing, whether that be depression, anxiety, grief, transition, or trauma. In counseling, I use EMDR, sand tray therapy, Cognitive Behavioral therapy, and other therapies. I use a holistic approach and taylor each person’s counseling experience to what they need. Currently, I am a counseling associate with Lovefire Counseling. I am under supervision by Zanessa Kastler, LCSW and Wenona Andress, LCSW-S. Give me a call!
Now accepting child, teen, or adult clients! If you find yourself in a tough season of life, I hope that you know that you do not have to do this alone. I would love to walk with you through whatever you are facing, whether that be depression, anxiety, grief, transition, or trauma. In counseling, I use EMDR, sand tray therapy, Cognitive Behavioral therapy, and other therapies. I use a holistic approach and taylor each person’s counseling experience to what they need. Currently, I am a counseling associate with Lovefire Counseling. I am under supervision by Zanessa Kastler, LCSW and Wenona Andress, LCSW-S. Give me a call!
(806) 484-0373 View (806) 484-0373
Photo of Sheree Morgan, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA, LPC-A
Sheree Morgan
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA, LPC-A
2 Endorsed
Lubbock, TX 79424
Hello and Welcome! I work with both individuals and couples with an emphasis on relationship issues, addictions, trauma, and navigating sexual issues through faith-based counseling. Feeling safe and heard in a non-judgmental setting is crucial to the healing process. It is my goal to create a space where you feel understood as we journey together towards health and wholeness. Building trust is critical to successful therapy relationships. I look forward to partnering with you as we walk towards a healthy future!
Hello and Welcome! I work with both individuals and couples with an emphasis on relationship issues, addictions, trauma, and navigating sexual issues through faith-based counseling. Feeling safe and heard in a non-judgmental setting is crucial to the healing process. It is my goal to create a space where you feel understood as we journey together towards health and wholeness. Building trust is critical to successful therapy relationships. I look forward to partnering with you as we walk towards a healthy future!
(346) 584-4761 View (346) 584-4761
Photo of Jamie Weiss O'Brien, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, BBA, MSW, LCSW
Jamie Weiss O'Brien
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, BBA, MSW, LCSW
Lubbock, TX 79423
My work is grounded in creating a safe space where you can speak openly, without fear of being judged, and discover a direction moving toward growth and healing. My experience includes working inside of the criminal justice system as well as in the substance abuse field; I worked closely with people navigating shame, guilt, and a quiet belief they just aren’t “good enough.” I learned it’s often the emotional weight we carry—not our history—that keeps us stuck. I help clients make sense of how their experiences shape their patterns and self-perception—not to place blame, but instead to bring clarity and freedom.
My work is grounded in creating a safe space where you can speak openly, without fear of being judged, and discover a direction moving toward growth and healing. My experience includes working inside of the criminal justice system as well as in the substance abuse field; I worked closely with people navigating shame, guilt, and a quiet belief they just aren’t “good enough.” I learned it’s often the emotional weight we carry—not our history—that keeps us stuck. I help clients make sense of how their experiences shape their patterns and self-perception—not to place blame, but instead to bring clarity and freedom.
(806) 230-5733 View (806) 230-5733
Photo of Kandra Shorter, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, PMH-C
Kandra Shorter
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, PMH-C
Online Only
Feeling stuck or disconnected—even when life looks “fine” on the outside? Maybe you’re questioning your purpose, carrying emotional weight, or struggling to apply tools you know should help. You’re not alone. Whether you’re navigating change, healing from the past, or trying to reconnect with yourself, therapy can offer the support you need. Together, we’ll uncover what’s holding you back and help you move forward with clarity, confidence, and compassion.
Feeling stuck or disconnected—even when life looks “fine” on the outside? Maybe you’re questioning your purpose, carrying emotional weight, or struggling to apply tools you know should help. You’re not alone. Whether you’re navigating change, healing from the past, or trying to reconnect with yourself, therapy can offer the support you need. Together, we’ll uncover what’s holding you back and help you move forward with clarity, confidence, and compassion.
(806) 416-7125 View (806) 416-7125
Photo of Leigh Wells, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Leigh Wells
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Lubbock, TX 79424
Life can be challenging at times, and some seasons are difficult and painful to go through. There are times our lives take an unexpected turn, and you may have found yourself in a place you never thought you would be. You are doing everything "right", but still feel disconnected, anxious or on edge. My clients often come to therapy feeling anxious, overwhelmed from life changes, and full of pain from grief and trauma. You want a space where you don't have to perform, explain, or be the strong one. Together, we will create a plan prioritizing your overall emotional health and well being.
Life can be challenging at times, and some seasons are difficult and painful to go through. There are times our lives take an unexpected turn, and you may have found yourself in a place you never thought you would be. You are doing everything "right", but still feel disconnected, anxious or on edge. My clients often come to therapy feeling anxious, overwhelmed from life changes, and full of pain from grief and trauma. You want a space where you don't have to perform, explain, or be the strong one. Together, we will create a plan prioritizing your overall emotional health and well being.
(806) 416-8348 View (806) 416-8348
Photo of Kaity Swecker, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, LMFT-A
Kaity Swecker
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, LMFT-A
3 Endorsed
Lubbock, TX 79424
Ready for a change in the new year? Tired of the same old, same old? Let's help you navigate your struggles and bring you closer to the important people in your life. In therapy, we will explore the obstacles that keep you stuck, and find ways to get you moving again. In my therapy room, you'll always have a safe space to express who yourself and be 100% of you. I want all of my clients to be their authentic selves.
Ready for a change in the new year? Tired of the same old, same old? Let's help you navigate your struggles and bring you closer to the important people in your life. In therapy, we will explore the obstacles that keep you stuck, and find ways to get you moving again. In my therapy room, you'll always have a safe space to express who yourself and be 100% of you. I want all of my clients to be their authentic selves.
(806) 639-5149 View (806) 639-5149
Photo of Tamesha Williams, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Tamesha Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
1 Endorsed
Lubbock, TX 79423
“There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you" Maya Angelou. I’m Tamesha, a Licensed Professional Counselor providing compassionate, culturally responsive therapy for individuals and couples. I specialize in working with clients navigating cultural issues, life transition, and identity issue. I have experiences supporting the BIPOC communities, LGBTQ+ affirming care, care, couples, and geriatric clients. I help clients who are experiencing anxiety, depression, grief, relationship & life challenges, stress, and trauma-related concerns. ​My goal is to help you adapt and navigate a world that can feel overwhelming.
“There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you" Maya Angelou. I’m Tamesha, a Licensed Professional Counselor providing compassionate, culturally responsive therapy for individuals and couples. I specialize in working with clients navigating cultural issues, life transition, and identity issue. I have experiences supporting the BIPOC communities, LGBTQ+ affirming care, care, couples, and geriatric clients. I help clients who are experiencing anxiety, depression, grief, relationship & life challenges, stress, and trauma-related concerns. ​My goal is to help you adapt and navigate a world that can feel overwhelming.
(806) 405-8266 View (806) 405-8266

See more therapy options for Lubbock

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Lubbock, TX

400+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Lubbock, TX who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
89% Depression
72% Self Esteem
69% Stress
68% Relationship Issues
68% Grief
68% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

91% Aetna
77% BlueCross and BlueShield
74% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Lubbock, TX see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Lubbock?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.