Therapists in Vancouver, WA

View neighborhoods in Vancouver
Photo of Alexandra Moskovich, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Alexandra Moskovich
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98663  (Online Only)
I employ a holistic and mindful approach, in which we'll collaboratively create the best plan of action for you based on your individual goals and strengths. I hope to provide you with a warm, accepting space in which we can get curious about your life and experiences, and to explore the tools necessary to better cope, grow, and thrive.
I employ a holistic and mindful approach, in which we'll collaboratively create the best plan of action for you based on your individual goals and strengths. I hope to provide you with a warm, accepting space in which we can get curious about your life and experiences, and to explore the tools necessary to better cope, grow, and thrive.
(360) 334-3536 View (360) 334-3536
Photo of Dana J Smith, MA, LMHC, MHP
Dana J Smith
Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC, MHP
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98660
Reasons for seeking therapy are unique to each of us; we may suffer due to difficult relationships, grief, loss, neglect or may just feel lost, stuck, or empty. Symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, hold information for us and can be invitations to growth that lead to new ways of knowing ourselves. Regular encounters of support, validation, and connection in a non-judgmental environment allow us to explore and sort out the chaos that comes at us and churns within us daily.
Reasons for seeking therapy are unique to each of us; we may suffer due to difficult relationships, grief, loss, neglect or may just feel lost, stuck, or empty. Symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, hold information for us and can be invitations to growth that lead to new ways of knowing ourselves. Regular encounters of support, validation, and connection in a non-judgmental environment allow us to explore and sort out the chaos that comes at us and churns within us daily.
(360) 338-6813 View (360) 338-6813
Photo of Melissa Cantwell, MA Ed, LHMCA, Counselor
Melissa Cantwell
Counselor, MA Ed, LHMCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98663
Waitlist for new clients
I’m a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor Associate at A Better Way Counseling. This is a second career for me. I have spent the last 18 years in the world of public education with a master's degree in Special Education. The majority of my career has been spent supporting families and their children through the education system with the resources they need to succeed. I have worked with children ages 3-21 with a wide variety of disabilities such as autism, ADHD, visual impairments, dyslexia, communication disorders, anxiety, depression, and more.
I’m a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor Associate at A Better Way Counseling. This is a second career for me. I have spent the last 18 years in the world of public education with a master's degree in Special Education. The majority of my career has been spent supporting families and their children through the education system with the resources they need to succeed. I have worked with children ages 3-21 with a wide variety of disabilities such as autism, ADHD, visual impairments, dyslexia, communication disorders, anxiety, depression, and more.
(360) 843-2108 View (360) 843-2108
Photo of Janine Hauser, LMHC, Counselor
Janine Hauser
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662  (Online Only)
Are you managing anxiety and/or grieving a loss? - Loss of a loved one, loss of joy, job, pet, lifestyle, ideals, or loss of hope? As a licensed therapist with additional certifications in anxiety, positive psychology interventions and completion of New Techniques of Grief Therapy coursework (Neimeyer) we will walk the path together of discovering a life worth living with increased vibrancy and hope. My approach is integrative, not limited to one modality, and evidence-based focusing on your strengths and goals. I often work with individuals returning to work, teachers and clients seeking to reauthor their stories
Are you managing anxiety and/or grieving a loss? - Loss of a loved one, loss of joy, job, pet, lifestyle, ideals, or loss of hope? As a licensed therapist with additional certifications in anxiety, positive psychology interventions and completion of New Techniques of Grief Therapy coursework (Neimeyer) we will walk the path together of discovering a life worth living with increased vibrancy and hope. My approach is integrative, not limited to one modality, and evidence-based focusing on your strengths and goals. I often work with individuals returning to work, teachers and clients seeking to reauthor their stories
(360) 469-6506 View (360) 469-6506
Photo of Susan (Sue) M Bernt, LICSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Susan (Sue) M Bernt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98682  (Online Only)
I am telehealth only at this time. I specialize working with adults, teens, and children (6 + ) and their families. Together we can work on relationships, behavior challenges, depression, stress and anxiety problems, self worth, and trauma. I have a great interactive internet based/HIPPA safe video platform to use with children. Play in therapy allows children to communicate and learn to solve problems and change their negative behaviors. I work with adults to assist in processing unexpected life situations. Theories used in treatment: Developmental Psychotherapy, Psychoeducation, Attachment, Person-Centered,
I am telehealth only at this time. I specialize working with adults, teens, and children (6 + ) and their families. Together we can work on relationships, behavior challenges, depression, stress and anxiety problems, self worth, and trauma. I have a great interactive internet based/HIPPA safe video platform to use with children. Play in therapy allows children to communicate and learn to solve problems and change their negative behaviors. I work with adults to assist in processing unexpected life situations. Theories used in treatment: Developmental Psychotherapy, Psychoeducation, Attachment, Person-Centered,
(503) 822-6579 View (503) 822-6579
Photo of Nicole Parsons, MA, Counselor
Nicole Parsons
Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98663
I believe that something powerful happens when we are seen, heard, and equipped with dignity and support. Counseling is a transformative process that can promote healing, hope, and change as we navigate the challenges that come with being human. I approach therapy through a person-centered, narrative, and family-systems framework. This means that the therapeutic process is centered around your story, your context, and your intersecting identities. I also prioritize trauma-informed care and utilize EMDR to help clients move from feeling stuck in the past to safe and empowered in the present.
I believe that something powerful happens when we are seen, heard, and equipped with dignity and support. Counseling is a transformative process that can promote healing, hope, and change as we navigate the challenges that come with being human. I approach therapy through a person-centered, narrative, and family-systems framework. This means that the therapeutic process is centered around your story, your context, and your intersecting identities. I also prioritize trauma-informed care and utilize EMDR to help clients move from feeling stuck in the past to safe and empowered in the present.
(360) 842-0669 View (360) 842-0669
Photo of Mandy Miller, MA, LMHC, LPC, Counselor
Mandy Miller
Counselor, MA, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98683  (Online Only)
UPDATE: Current availability for telehealth sessions! Limited open spots on Tuesdays and will open Thursday availability in September. Seeking therapy can be an exciting, scary, and/or overwhelming decision. I am here to help make that decision a positive one of personal empowerment. With respect and compassion, I work to create a comfortable and safe environment in which we can develop a therapeutic alliance and share in the journey of personal growth. Helping each client work through specific life challenges, goals, and transitions is both a privilege and a passion for me and I welcome the opportunity to be a part of your journey!
UPDATE: Current availability for telehealth sessions! Limited open spots on Tuesdays and will open Thursday availability in September. Seeking therapy can be an exciting, scary, and/or overwhelming decision. I am here to help make that decision a positive one of personal empowerment. With respect and compassion, I work to create a comfortable and safe environment in which we can develop a therapeutic alliance and share in the journey of personal growth. Helping each client work through specific life challenges, goals, and transitions is both a privilege and a passion for me and I welcome the opportunity to be a part of your journey!
(360) 492-4933 View (360) 492-4933
Photo of Nicole Churchill, LMHC, Counselor
Nicole Churchill
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98683
Nicole Churchill is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Washington who has been practicing since 2020. She has a Masters in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Antioch University. Nicole is able to walk clients through trauma processing in a safe and informed way that leads to healing. She has experience with a wide range of diagnostics and is able to offer guidance for those that are seeking answers. Nicole utilizes a person-centered approach that centers treatment around the client's goals so that they can truly be autonomous in their path to healing.
Nicole Churchill is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Washington who has been practicing since 2020. She has a Masters in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Antioch University. Nicole is able to walk clients through trauma processing in a safe and informed way that leads to healing. She has experience with a wide range of diagnostics and is able to offer guidance for those that are seeking answers. Nicole utilizes a person-centered approach that centers treatment around the client's goals so that they can truly be autonomous in their path to healing.
(360) 564-6167 View (360) 564-6167
Photo of Stephen R Black, MA, Counselor
Stephen R Black
Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98662
Sometimes we need help managing life. Sometimes emotions become so intense that they're difficult to manage, sometimes difficult things come our way and we need extra support, and sometimes our brains are wired differently than most people's and it can be tricky to navigate living in a neurotypical world. Skills training and coaching can help navigate the process of figuring out what your goals are in life - whether that's big feelings or better friendships - and implementing specific strategies for getting to where you want to be.
Sometimes we need help managing life. Sometimes emotions become so intense that they're difficult to manage, sometimes difficult things come our way and we need extra support, and sometimes our brains are wired differently than most people's and it can be tricky to navigate living in a neurotypical world. Skills training and coaching can help navigate the process of figuring out what your goals are in life - whether that's big feelings or better friendships - and implementing specific strategies for getting to where you want to be.
(360) 454-9092 View (360) 454-9092
Photo of Anna Claybaugh, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Anna Claybaugh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98685  (Online Only)
You are ready to stop patterns that involve giving your power away. You are looking for more fulfillment in life and are ready to reclaim your authentic self. You are tired of feeling like everything else comes before your dreams, goals, empowerment and mental health. You who want to learn how to build more loving awareness and compassion towards yourself in order to support your best life. You are interested in learning more about what makes you who you are, how to shift out of unhealthy beliefs and figure out what’s holding you back from securing happiness and abundance for yourself. Resonate? Then, let's work together.
You are ready to stop patterns that involve giving your power away. You are looking for more fulfillment in life and are ready to reclaim your authentic self. You are tired of feeling like everything else comes before your dreams, goals, empowerment and mental health. You who want to learn how to build more loving awareness and compassion towards yourself in order to support your best life. You are interested in learning more about what makes you who you are, how to shift out of unhealthy beliefs and figure out what’s holding you back from securing happiness and abundance for yourself. Resonate? Then, let's work together.
(360) 654-7698 View (360) 654-7698
Photo of Renee Thompson, MA, LMHC, CPC, Counselor
Renee Thompson
Counselor, MA, LMHC, CPC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98683
Whether you’re at the end of your rope or looking for a tune up, I’m here as a judgment-free, supportive guide to help you on your path to feeling better, faster. I specialize in helping people overcome chronic or traumatic stress and burnout, and those wanting to heal from childhood wounds. I'm also trained to work with a wide range of issues including anxiety and depression, parenting concerns, life transitions, grief, job related concerns, or relationship dissatisfaction. By examining not just your behaviors or problems, but the experiences and attachments that formed them, we'll get to the root of your concerns.
Whether you’re at the end of your rope or looking for a tune up, I’m here as a judgment-free, supportive guide to help you on your path to feeling better, faster. I specialize in helping people overcome chronic or traumatic stress and burnout, and those wanting to heal from childhood wounds. I'm also trained to work with a wide range of issues including anxiety and depression, parenting concerns, life transitions, grief, job related concerns, or relationship dissatisfaction. By examining not just your behaviors or problems, but the experiences and attachments that formed them, we'll get to the root of your concerns.
(360) 342-9336 View (360) 342-9336
Photo of Jennifer Bivona, LCSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer Bivona
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98661
Not accepting new clients
As of 5/15/24, I have openings for 2-3 new clients. are authenticity, intention, and connection and I am likely a good fit for you if you are seeking more of these in your life.
As of 5/15/24, I have openings for 2-3 new clients. are authenticity, intention, and connection and I am likely a good fit for you if you are seeking more of these in your life.
(541) 399-8873 View (541) 399-8873
Photo of Tobias A. Ryan, PsyD, Psychologist
Tobias A. Ryan
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98660
Within our sorrows and fears is the strength needed to overcome our challenges. Hidden in the tone of your voice, in your casual movements, you are constantly leaving yourself clues to guide you. You and I will seek them together. My approach focuses on the whole experience of health through practical methods, grounded in knowledge of cultural diversity. With personalized treatment and assessment, I offer therapy for sustainable change. I also provide testing for personality functioning, cognitive abilities and learning problems. My forensic work for courts focuses on child custody and parenting time evaluations.
Within our sorrows and fears is the strength needed to overcome our challenges. Hidden in the tone of your voice, in your casual movements, you are constantly leaving yourself clues to guide you. You and I will seek them together. My approach focuses on the whole experience of health through practical methods, grounded in knowledge of cultural diversity. With personalized treatment and assessment, I offer therapy for sustainable change. I also provide testing for personality functioning, cognitive abilities and learning problems. My forensic work for courts focuses on child custody and parenting time evaluations.
(360) 657-9742 View (360) 657-9742
Photo of Tiffany Conner, MS,  LMHC, Counselor
Tiffany Conner
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98683
Tiffany is a dedicated holistic mental health therapist at LifeStance Health with over 4 years of experience specializing in grief and loss, spirituality, depression, anxiety, and existential concerns. Tiffany integrates Jungian, Existential and Transpersonal principles with a compassionate approach, helping clients navigate the complexities of their inner worlds and uncover the deeper meanings within their hardships and life experiences.
Tiffany is a dedicated holistic mental health therapist at LifeStance Health with over 4 years of experience specializing in grief and loss, spirituality, depression, anxiety, and existential concerns. Tiffany integrates Jungian, Existential and Transpersonal principles with a compassionate approach, helping clients navigate the complexities of their inner worlds and uncover the deeper meanings within their hardships and life experiences.
(360) 997-1537 View (360) 997-1537
Photo of Meaghan Frost, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Meaghan Frost
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98661  (Online Only)
I believe that every person has an innate capacity for healing and growth. As a licensed clinical social worker with over a decade of experience, I understand how challenging life transitions, trauma, and overwhelming situations can be. My approach to therapy is rooted in compassion and authenticity, aiming to create a supportive environment where you can explore, express, and understand your experiences.
I believe that every person has an innate capacity for healing and growth. As a licensed clinical social worker with over a decade of experience, I understand how challenging life transitions, trauma, and overwhelming situations can be. My approach to therapy is rooted in compassion and authenticity, aiming to create a supportive environment where you can explore, express, and understand your experiences.
(360) 226-4718 View (360) 226-4718
Photo of Tonya Molnar, PhD, LMHC, MHP, Counselor
Tonya Molnar
Counselor, PhD, LMHC, MHP
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98686  (Online Only)
Are you exhausted, tired, stressed-out, and always on edge? Do you find racing thoughts are keeping you awake at night, tossing and turning instead of sleeping? You may be fed up with constant anxiety and lack of sleep that leaves you feeling tired and irritable and is causing you problems at work or home. You might not even remember a time things didn’t feel this way. But, one this is for sure: you’re ready for some relief. You’re ready to start sleeping soundly again. You’re ready to start feeling good again. Most of all, you’re ready to start feeling energized about your life again.
Are you exhausted, tired, stressed-out, and always on edge? Do you find racing thoughts are keeping you awake at night, tossing and turning instead of sleeping? You may be fed up with constant anxiety and lack of sleep that leaves you feeling tired and irritable and is causing you problems at work or home. You might not even remember a time things didn’t feel this way. But, one this is for sure: you’re ready for some relief. You’re ready to start sleeping soundly again. You’re ready to start feeling good again. Most of all, you’re ready to start feeling energized about your life again.
(360) 953-5896 View (360) 953-5896
Photo of Stephanie Weldy, MA, LMFTA, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Stephanie Weldy
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LMFTA
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I’m the founder of Life Force Therapy Center, a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist Associate based in Vancouver Washington - here to guide you through life’s most complex and difficult matters. I truly care about my clients well-being and guarantee top of the line therapeutic and psychological services catered to each child, individual, couple and/or family. I have provided a number of specialized therapeutic services to those dealing with challenging life experiences. I empower my clients to find solutions and gain valuable tools and skills that address barriers and ways in which to overcome them.
I’m the founder of Life Force Therapy Center, a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist Associate based in Vancouver Washington - here to guide you through life’s most complex and difficult matters. I truly care about my clients well-being and guarantee top of the line therapeutic and psychological services catered to each child, individual, couple and/or family. I have provided a number of specialized therapeutic services to those dealing with challenging life experiences. I empower my clients to find solutions and gain valuable tools and skills that address barriers and ways in which to overcome them.
(360) 634-0612 View (360) 634-0612
Photo of Tiffany Halpin, MS, LMHCA, Counselor
Tiffany Halpin
Counselor, MS, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98685
Remember when life seemed so much easier? Your responsibilities and pressures didn’t used to feel so overwhelming, and you felt carefree! Relationships with friends and family felt untouchable. Thoughts didn’t swirl out of control, and you could focus on what needed to be done. And feeling lonely wasn’t something you felt often because you felt seen and heard. You have tried to "fix" things on your own but you are still struggling! You feel more lonely and more isolated than ever, and friendships feel unhealthy, and your family doesn’t understand you.
Remember when life seemed so much easier? Your responsibilities and pressures didn’t used to feel so overwhelming, and you felt carefree! Relationships with friends and family felt untouchable. Thoughts didn’t swirl out of control, and you could focus on what needed to be done. And feeling lonely wasn’t something you felt often because you felt seen and heard. You have tried to "fix" things on your own but you are still struggling! You feel more lonely and more isolated than ever, and friendships feel unhealthy, and your family doesn’t understand you.
(360) 614-4390 View (360) 614-4390
Photo of Marla Joy Carman, MAPC,  NCC, LMHC, LPC
Marla Joy Carman
Mental Health Counselor, MAPC, NCC, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98683
Waitlist for new clients
Please call 253-352-2480 or email me directly at inner.wellth@yahoo.com to schedule an intake or a free consultation for 15 minutes. It can be a scary thing to reach out for help and support! You might feel like there might be judgment or misunderstanding! Maybe you're puzzled as to why you haven't reached your goals, wondering what's holding you back? What are the barriers? I also offer EMDR and ART (accelerated resolution therapy) if we feel you're "stuck". Maybe you've never considered what you really want in life? Are you in a transition in life? I'd love to help you get to where you want to go!
Please call 253-352-2480 or email me directly at inner.wellth@yahoo.com to schedule an intake or a free consultation for 15 minutes. It can be a scary thing to reach out for help and support! You might feel like there might be judgment or misunderstanding! Maybe you're puzzled as to why you haven't reached your goals, wondering what's holding you back? What are the barriers? I also offer EMDR and ART (accelerated resolution therapy) if we feel you're "stuck". Maybe you've never considered what you really want in life? Are you in a transition in life? I'd love to help you get to where you want to go!
(360) 516-4796 View (360) 516-4796
Photo of Christina Flynn, LICSW, CMHS, Counselor
Christina Flynn
Counselor, LICSW, CMHS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98660
Current openings for new clients! People seek therapy for many reasons but they usually want to feel heard and understood. Therapy can be a place where you can explore barriers getting in the way of reaching your full potential, learn how to manage strong feelings, and shift unhealthy patterns. Humans are ever-evolving as we navigate this world and its challenges. In our sessions, people feel heard and learn how to better understand each other. We don’t want to just float through life, so let’s start thriving!
Current openings for new clients! People seek therapy for many reasons but they usually want to feel heard and understood. Therapy can be a place where you can explore barriers getting in the way of reaching your full potential, learn how to manage strong feelings, and shift unhealthy patterns. Humans are ever-evolving as we navigate this world and its challenges. In our sessions, people feel heard and learn how to better understand each other. We don’t want to just float through life, so let’s start thriving!
(360) 583-4406 View (360) 583-4406
1
...

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Vancouver, WA

900+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Vancouver, WA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Depression
74% Trauma and PTSD
71% Relationship Issues
68% Self Esteem
67% Stress
64% Grief

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

72% Aetna
56% Cigna and Evernorth
52% Regence

How Therapists in Vancouver, WA see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Vancouver?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.