Therapists in Staten Island, NY

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Photo of Dr. Lisa Blanchfield, Counselor in Staten Island, NY
Dr. Lisa Blanchfield
Counselor, PsyD
Not Verified Not Verified
1 Endorsed
Staten Island, NY 10305
Dr. Blanchfield is available for in person and Virtual sessions via Skype/Zoom. She is approved by the NYC18-B Family Court program and is an experienced counselor for Family Court issues I.e. Separation, Divorce and Therapeutic Visitation. She is a Certified Parental Coordinator for separating/divorced families for the past 10 years and has provided Supervised Reunification therapy for alienated parents and their children. She specializes in Parental Alienation Syndrome. Anger Management therapy sessions are also available. She has a new Podcast called Doctor Lisa's World and you can listen to the Podcast at drlisa.newpodcity.com.
Dr. Blanchfield is available for in person and Virtual sessions via Skype/Zoom. She is approved by the NYC18-B Family Court program and is an experienced counselor for Family Court issues I.e. Separation, Divorce and Therapeutic Visitation. She is a Certified Parental Coordinator for separating/divorced families for the past 10 years and has provided Supervised Reunification therapy for alienated parents and their children. She specializes in Parental Alienation Syndrome. Anger Management therapy sessions are also available. She has a new Podcast called Doctor Lisa's World and you can listen to the Podcast at drlisa.newpodcity.com.
(347) 408-1172 View (347) 408-1172
Photo of Katie Lloyd in Staten Island, NY
Katie Lloyd
MHC LP
Not Verified Not Verified
Staten Island, NY 10314
Not accepting new clients
Are you feeling anxious, depressed, or just overwhelmed? Are you struggling to navigate a difficult relationship with a partner or family member? Do you know you need to make a change in life, but don’t know how? I can help. Together, we can work to discover the thoughts, behaviors and beliefs that are holding you back.
Are you feeling anxious, depressed, or just overwhelmed? Are you struggling to navigate a difficult relationship with a partner or family member? Do you know you need to make a change in life, but don’t know how? I can help. Together, we can work to discover the thoughts, behaviors and beliefs that are holding you back.
(718) 283-4783 View (718) 283-4783
Photo of Jasmin Valentin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Staten Island, NY
Jasmin Valentin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LMSW, Reiki
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Staten Island, NY 10301
Over 15 years of experience in the Emotional Wellness space. I am a Licensed Social Worker, Reiki practitioner, End-of-Life Doula, and founder of Gracia Y Rosas (GYR). GYR’s purpose is to create and provide holistic experiences that increase overall wellness, and support physical, mental & spiritual growth. I am dedicated to all age groups. And have experience assisting with anxiety, depression, stress, grief/loss, parenting special needs children, infertility, and general interpersonal and emotional blocks.
Over 15 years of experience in the Emotional Wellness space. I am a Licensed Social Worker, Reiki practitioner, End-of-Life Doula, and founder of Gracia Y Rosas (GYR). GYR’s purpose is to create and provide holistic experiences that increase overall wellness, and support physical, mental & spiritual growth. I am dedicated to all age groups. And have experience assisting with anxiety, depression, stress, grief/loss, parenting special needs children, infertility, and general interpersonal and emotional blocks.
(347) 334-7714 View (347) 334-7714
Photo of David F Wilson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Staten Island, NY
David F Wilson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Staten Island, NY 10305
Welcome! I exclusively do home visits on Staten Island. I am committed to your healing and future success. Let me help you to: Increase happiness and enjoyment in your life; decrease your suffering and become a better you; move from a position of mental illness to one of health and wellness; rid yourself of fear and anger. My goal is for you to feel strengthened and to discover new potentials for restoration, progress and transformation. Please check out my website! As an out of network provider I work for you. Expect to get 60 to 90% back from payment. I am also now a Medicare Provider, meaning I accept Medicare as payment.
Welcome! I exclusively do home visits on Staten Island. I am committed to your healing and future success. Let me help you to: Increase happiness and enjoyment in your life; decrease your suffering and become a better you; move from a position of mental illness to one of health and wellness; rid yourself of fear and anger. My goal is for you to feel strengthened and to discover new potentials for restoration, progress and transformation. Please check out my website! As an out of network provider I work for you. Expect to get 60 to 90% back from payment. I am also now a Medicare Provider, meaning I accept Medicare as payment.
(844) 811-4461 View (844) 811-4461
Photo of Olga Caserta, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Staten Island, NY
Olga Caserta
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Staten Island, NY 10312  (Online Only)
Do you feel anxious, stressed or confused? Are you struggling with feeling stuck, or having conflicts in your relationships? By exploring your past and current experiences, I can help you overcome the many obstacles in life (relationships, family, career, parenting, anxiety and self-esteem). Today you’re a step closer to a positive path to living your best life. Many people struggle with accepting and making a change. Change happens when people are given the guidance to draw on their strengths, learn about themselves, and realize their potential. Let's make a positive change!
Do you feel anxious, stressed or confused? Are you struggling with feeling stuck, or having conflicts in your relationships? By exploring your past and current experiences, I can help you overcome the many obstacles in life (relationships, family, career, parenting, anxiety and self-esteem). Today you’re a step closer to a positive path to living your best life. Many people struggle with accepting and making a change. Change happens when people are given the guidance to draw on their strengths, learn about themselves, and realize their potential. Let's make a positive change!
(929) 407-7496 View (929) 407-7496
Photo of Dakota Ellen Harper, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Staten Island, NY
Dakota Ellen Harper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, R
Verified Verified
Staten Island, NY 10304
We all have the capacity to make positive changes in our lives, and it is during the time of crisis when the most change can occur. Everyday stressors, relationship conflicts, work and school challenges, loss of a loved one; these events can overwhelm and challenge us in many ways. Adjusting to new experiences is difficult. Depression, anxiety, self doubt and resentment can set in. Therapy helps develop and strenghten our ability to cope, to manage these feelings. It helps us uncover negative patterns and behaviors, but most important it helps bolster our existing strengths and potential for change.
We all have the capacity to make positive changes in our lives, and it is during the time of crisis when the most change can occur. Everyday stressors, relationship conflicts, work and school challenges, loss of a loved one; these events can overwhelm and challenge us in many ways. Adjusting to new experiences is difficult. Depression, anxiety, self doubt and resentment can set in. Therapy helps develop and strenghten our ability to cope, to manage these feelings. It helps us uncover negative patterns and behaviors, but most important it helps bolster our existing strengths and potential for change.
(917) 259-6391 View (917) 259-6391
Photo of Mark Anthony Simeone, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Staten Island, NY
Mark Anthony Simeone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Staten Island, NY 10303
Mr. Mark A. Simeone is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with over 20 years of experience serving the needs of individuals, families, and children. Mr. Simeone‘s experience includes, but is not limited to, working with emotionally challenged youth, ADHD related behaviors, child/adult depression management, aging and trauma, grief and loss. I have worked in various human service capacities such as Family/Children work, and is a seasoned Behavioral Health Specialist who works with LGBTQ, elderly, foster care population, couples, families and individuals.
Mr. Mark A. Simeone is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with over 20 years of experience serving the needs of individuals, families, and children. Mr. Simeone‘s experience includes, but is not limited to, working with emotionally challenged youth, ADHD related behaviors, child/adult depression management, aging and trauma, grief and loss. I have worked in various human service capacities such as Family/Children work, and is a seasoned Behavioral Health Specialist who works with LGBTQ, elderly, foster care population, couples, families and individuals.
(212) 375-2684 View (212) 375-2684
Photo of Lucia Bove, Psychologist in Staten Island, NY
Lucia Bove
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Staten Island, NY 10301
Do you have a sense that you are capable of more, that some things are just outside of reach and you don't know why, or that you are in discomfort for reasons obscure to you? Are you confronted with difficult situations that feel impossible to deal with or that cause you conflict, anguish or confusion? Psychotherapy can help to identify the inconsistencies, resistances, behaviors, styles of living, stresses and other factors that impede optimal functioning, effectiveness and experience.
Do you have a sense that you are capable of more, that some things are just outside of reach and you don't know why, or that you are in discomfort for reasons obscure to you? Are you confronted with difficult situations that feel impossible to deal with or that cause you conflict, anguish or confusion? Psychotherapy can help to identify the inconsistencies, resistances, behaviors, styles of living, stresses and other factors that impede optimal functioning, effectiveness and experience.
(718) 853-3176 View (718) 853-3176
Photo of Amy Mazzarisi, Counselor in Staten Island, NY
Amy Mazzarisi
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Staten Island, NY 10312  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
We all face challenges in our lives which impact our ability to function at our best, and experience emotional freedom and contentment. Those challenges may be anything from negative thoughts, poor self-esteem, depression and anxiety, life stressors, issues and complex trauma. Many of us are motivated to make changes, but we may not know how. Our thoughts and feelings about our past, present, and future impact every aspect of our lives. Unresolved issues can fester and continue to negatively impact our lives long after the events or situations which caused them and prevent us from living purposeful and meaningful lives.
We all face challenges in our lives which impact our ability to function at our best, and experience emotional freedom and contentment. Those challenges may be anything from negative thoughts, poor self-esteem, depression and anxiety, life stressors, issues and complex trauma. Many of us are motivated to make changes, but we may not know how. Our thoughts and feelings about our past, present, and future impact every aspect of our lives. Unresolved issues can fester and continue to negatively impact our lives long after the events or situations which caused them and prevent us from living purposeful and meaningful lives.
(929) 209-5099 View (929) 209-5099
Photo of Gladys J Morrar, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Staten Island, NY
Gladys J Morrar
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Staten Island, NY 10301  (Online Only)
Through an individualized therapeutic approach, I explore the unconscious motivations that prevent clients from reaching their goals.
Through an individualized therapeutic approach, I explore the unconscious motivations that prevent clients from reaching their goals.
(646) 600-8187 View (646) 600-8187
Photo of Karen L Goldman LMHC, BCPC, Counselor in Staten Island, NY
Karen L Goldman LMHC, BCPC
Counselor, LMHC, BCPC
Verified Verified
Staten Island, NY 10310
Feeling alone in your grief? Many of us enter therapy hoping to get some quick relief from the distress that we are experiencing, especially when we are in pain. I welcome all of your feelings, and your questions. I will companion with you through your grief, your obstacles and aid you in your healing process. I believe that just like any relationship, the more you are an active participant in our work together, the faster you will feel the relief you yearn for. The healthier you will become, gaining more clarity, inner strength and restoring your sense of purpose and direction that will sustain you.
Feeling alone in your grief? Many of us enter therapy hoping to get some quick relief from the distress that we are experiencing, especially when we are in pain. I welcome all of your feelings, and your questions. I will companion with you through your grief, your obstacles and aid you in your healing process. I believe that just like any relationship, the more you are an active participant in our work together, the faster you will feel the relief you yearn for. The healthier you will become, gaining more clarity, inner strength and restoring your sense of purpose and direction that will sustain you.
(718) 550-6997 View (718) 550-6997
Photo of Christina Carbone, Counselor in Staten Island, NY
Christina Carbone
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Staten Island, NY 10314  (Online Only)
Limited Space available, now accepting clients in NY & NJ. My goal is to make sure that my clients always feel supported and see real, tangible progress. In my work with my clients, I blend traditional talk therapy with CBT, mindfulness, and somatic interventions in order to create a fully holistic and supportive therapeutic experience. The collaborative approach I take enables my clients to feel both supported and empowered through the therapeutic process. I actively guide them through building on their own strengths as well as learning new skills in order to work through barriers and challenges they are facing.
Limited Space available, now accepting clients in NY & NJ. My goal is to make sure that my clients always feel supported and see real, tangible progress. In my work with my clients, I blend traditional talk therapy with CBT, mindfulness, and somatic interventions in order to create a fully holistic and supportive therapeutic experience. The collaborative approach I take enables my clients to feel both supported and empowered through the therapeutic process. I actively guide them through building on their own strengths as well as learning new skills in order to work through barriers and challenges they are facing.
(646) 419-4873 View (646) 419-4873
Photo of Damaris Cox, Mental Health Counselor in Staten Island, NY
Damaris Cox
Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Staten Island, NY 10308
Providing specialized help for individuals wanting to create healthy change and live life on life's terms, assisting you to become comfortable being uncomfortable. I offer cultural awareness and empathic understanding in the context of honesty and respect with a collaborative therapeutic inquiry that provides the safety to drop defenses, to feel, to remember, to experience and to integrate all that you truly are and can become.
Providing specialized help for individuals wanting to create healthy change and live life on life's terms, assisting you to become comfortable being uncomfortable. I offer cultural awareness and empathic understanding in the context of honesty and respect with a collaborative therapeutic inquiry that provides the safety to drop defenses, to feel, to remember, to experience and to integrate all that you truly are and can become.
(929) 205-8553 View (929) 205-8553
Photo of Julianna Berggren, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Staten Island, NY
Julianna Berggren
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Not Verified Not Verified
Staten Island, NY 10314  (Online Only)
While it's a normal part of life to come upon trying times, often we feel that we must weather the storm alone. We try to push through challenges without talking about them or seeking help. This can lead to us feeling like we are carrying a heavy burden all alone and it can and will impact our day to day functioning. Whether your challenge be a trauma you experienced recently or in the distant past, an accident, a loss or a long stretch of feeling down that you just can't shake, talking about it in therapy is the first step towards change.
While it's a normal part of life to come upon trying times, often we feel that we must weather the storm alone. We try to push through challenges without talking about them or seeking help. This can lead to us feeling like we are carrying a heavy burden all alone and it can and will impact our day to day functioning. Whether your challenge be a trauma you experienced recently or in the distant past, an accident, a loss or a long stretch of feeling down that you just can't shake, talking about it in therapy is the first step towards change.
(347) 754-3777 View (347) 754-3777
Photo of Christina Grenoble Mental Health Counseling, PLLC, Counselor in Staten Island, NY
Christina Grenoble Mental Health Counseling, PLLC
Counselor, LMHC, CST
Verified Verified
Staten Island, NY 10309
Let’s start off by normalizing how scary and vulnerable reaching out for help can be, especially if this is your first time seeking therapy. We get it, so we strive to create a safe atmosphere where personal challenges can be overcome and fulfilling relationships and lives can be created. Let’s also normalize the concerns you may be having because experiencing any sort of emotional distress can often leave us feeling alone. We can help you understand and address anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, life adjustments, sexual concerns, relationship concerns and even more so the less noticed, unspoken challenges that come within them:
Let’s start off by normalizing how scary and vulnerable reaching out for help can be, especially if this is your first time seeking therapy. We get it, so we strive to create a safe atmosphere where personal challenges can be overcome and fulfilling relationships and lives can be created. Let’s also normalize the concerns you may be having because experiencing any sort of emotional distress can often leave us feeling alone. We can help you understand and address anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, life adjustments, sexual concerns, relationship concerns and even more so the less noticed, unspoken challenges that come within them:
(347) 621-6688 View (347) 621-6688
Photo of Richard A Scala, Counselor in Staten Island, NY
Richard A Scala
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Staten Island, NY 10306
At times, life is hard. The life we always envisioned is not matching up to our reality. Life has thrown us a curve ball and we don't know what to do. Sometimes, we wake up with feelings of sadness, fear or anger, which could stick with us throughout the day. These feelings can sometimes affect us from completing our everyday tasks or even our relationships with others. The things we are trying are not working. We want things to change; but don’t know how or where to start. Therapy might be that the place to begin.
At times, life is hard. The life we always envisioned is not matching up to our reality. Life has thrown us a curve ball and we don't know what to do. Sometimes, we wake up with feelings of sadness, fear or anger, which could stick with us throughout the day. These feelings can sometimes affect us from completing our everyday tasks or even our relationships with others. The things we are trying are not working. We want things to change; but don’t know how or where to start. Therapy might be that the place to begin.
(929) 305-1633 View (929) 305-1633
Photo of Kimberley Lewis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Staten Island, NY
Kimberley Lewis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Staten Island, NY 10305
In my practice, I primarily work with adults to help them with wide array of issues that can include anxiety disorders, depression, self-esteem, trauma and relationship problems.
In my practice, I primarily work with adults to help them with wide array of issues that can include anxiety disorders, depression, self-esteem, trauma and relationship problems.
(718) 612-7525 View (718) 612-7525
Photo of Rhythm of Change in Staten Island, NY
Rhythm of Change
LBA
Verified Verified
Staten Island, NY 10309  (Online Only)
Are you seeking support for your OCD tendencies, eager to explore behavior-focused therapy to transform them? Are you a female seeking to shift your anxious patterns and cultivate a path to wellness through reframing techniques? I understand the challenges girls and women face. My approach combines behavior analysis with compassionate support to help minimize anxiety symptoms. Through personalized interventions, we'll work together to build resilience and confidence. At Rhythm of Change Behavior Analysis, I specialize in evidence-based BCBA techniques for anxiety and OCD in teenage girls & women.
Are you seeking support for your OCD tendencies, eager to explore behavior-focused therapy to transform them? Are you a female seeking to shift your anxious patterns and cultivate a path to wellness through reframing techniques? I understand the challenges girls and women face. My approach combines behavior analysis with compassionate support to help minimize anxiety symptoms. Through personalized interventions, we'll work together to build resilience and confidence. At Rhythm of Change Behavior Analysis, I specialize in evidence-based BCBA techniques for anxiety and OCD in teenage girls & women.
(929) 577-4554 View (929) 577-4554
Photo of Jennifer Tripp, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Staten Island, NY
Jennifer Tripp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, R
Verified Verified
Staten Island, NY 10314
My goal is to create a safe and comfortable space. I am a licensed clinical social worker and certified in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. I have experience working with children, parents, teenagers and adults with anxiety, depression, PTSD, autism and ADHD for over 20 years. More recently helping clients by using EMDR.
My goal is to create a safe and comfortable space. I am a licensed clinical social worker and certified in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. I have experience working with children, parents, teenagers and adults with anxiety, depression, PTSD, autism and ADHD for over 20 years. More recently helping clients by using EMDR.
(347) 297-5521 View (347) 297-5521
Photo of Andrew Wakschal, Pre-Licensed Professional in Staten Island, NY
Andrew Wakschal
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
Staten Island, NY 10306
Life isn’t always easy. Sometimes “overwhelming” and “unfair” seem like more accurate descriptions. When comfort, happiness, fulfillment, and optimism have become lost in the shadows of troublesome life experiences, it is hard to figure out our next step. Though it might be scary, contacting a counselor is the first step toward reclaiming the satisfaction that’s been since-missing. Whether you are seeking therapy for the first time, or looking for a new counselor that better suits your needs, you’ve come to the right place.
Life isn’t always easy. Sometimes “overwhelming” and “unfair” seem like more accurate descriptions. When comfort, happiness, fulfillment, and optimism have become lost in the shadows of troublesome life experiences, it is hard to figure out our next step. Though it might be scary, contacting a counselor is the first step toward reclaiming the satisfaction that’s been since-missing. Whether you are seeking therapy for the first time, or looking for a new counselor that better suits your needs, you’ve come to the right place.
(929) 298-9838 View (929) 298-9838

See more therapy options for Staten Island

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Staten Island, NY

300+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Staten Island, NY who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
90% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
71% Coping Skills
67% Stress
63% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Aetna
76% Cigna and Evernorth
72% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Staten Island, NY see their clients

54% In Person and Online
46% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Staten Island?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.