Therapists in Newark, OH

Photo of Bridget Tovey, LPCC
Bridget Tovey
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newark, OH 43055  (Online Only)
For people who have experienced traumatic events, or who live with anxiety, depression, addiction, or other mental health challenges, it can feel like a lot of weight to carry day-to-day. Especially when you're struggling to address the problems or emotions head on. My favorite quote related to therapeutic work is: "You have to feel it to heal it." I work each day collaboratively with my clients to support them in their healing journeys, and to assist them in confronting their most difficult thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.
For people who have experienced traumatic events, or who live with anxiety, depression, addiction, or other mental health challenges, it can feel like a lot of weight to carry day-to-day. Especially when you're struggling to address the problems or emotions head on. My favorite quote related to therapeutic work is: "You have to feel it to heal it." I work each day collaboratively with my clients to support them in their healing journeys, and to assist them in confronting their most difficult thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.
(614) 482-2193 View (614) 482-2193
Photo of Crishna Wilburn, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Crishna Wilburn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Newark, OH 43055  (Online Only)
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life's challenges? Struggling with past traumas, anxiety, or relationship issues? You're not alone. I'm here to offer support and guidance. Together, we'll work towards healing, resilience, and a brighter future. You deserve to feel empowered and at peace.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life's challenges? Struggling with past traumas, anxiety, or relationship issues? You're not alone. I'm here to offer support and guidance. Together, we'll work towards healing, resilience, and a brighter future. You deserve to feel empowered and at peace.
(614) 924-8125 View (614) 924-8125
Photo of Sarah Newcomer, MS, IMFT, LMFT, CST, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sarah Newcomer
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, IMFT, LMFT, CST
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Newark, OH 43055  (Online Only)
10-11 Accepting New Clients! Go to my website to get a consult and see if we are a good fit together! Feeling lost in love and intimacy? Tired of arguments and bedroom boredom? I understand the ache of longing for connection amidst blocks. Let's rekindle that spark! As one of only five Ohio-based Marriage and Family therapists who are certified in sex therapy, I'm uniquely equipped to help you break free from stagnation and reignite passion.
10-11 Accepting New Clients! Go to my website to get a consult and see if we are a good fit together! Feeling lost in love and intimacy? Tired of arguments and bedroom boredom? I understand the ache of longing for connection amidst blocks. Let's rekindle that spark! As one of only five Ohio-based Marriage and Family therapists who are certified in sex therapy, I'm uniquely equipped to help you break free from stagnation and reignite passion.
(614) 698-1226 View (614) 698-1226
Photo of Kelley M Beckett - Freedom Counseling, Coaching, and Consulting, LLC, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Freedom Counseling, Coaching, and Consulting, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newark, OH 43055
I have been working with individuals and families in non-profit settings for 18 years. I have masters degrees in both education and clinical mental health counseling and years of experience in non-profit management, such as teaching, training, grant writing, policy writing, and research. I specialize in helping individuals, couples, and families identify and achieve their goals by overcoming those issues that cause distress and anxiety.
I have been working with individuals and families in non-profit settings for 18 years. I have masters degrees in both education and clinical mental health counseling and years of experience in non-profit management, such as teaching, training, grant writing, policy writing, and research. I specialize in helping individuals, couples, and families identify and achieve their goals by overcoming those issues that cause distress and anxiety.
(740) 218-4108 View (740) 218-4108
Photo of Darcy Smith, LPCC
Darcy Smith
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Newark, OH 43055  (Online Only)
Empathy, non-judgement, advocacy and being an ally to my clients are all values that I hold in high esteem. I utilize an eclectic approach to therapy that encompasses Person-centered Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, trauma-informed care and other evidenced-based practices. What we implement depends upon each unique individual, their needs, and the issues that bring them to counseling.
Empathy, non-judgement, advocacy and being an ally to my clients are all values that I hold in high esteem. I utilize an eclectic approach to therapy that encompasses Person-centered Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, trauma-informed care and other evidenced-based practices. What we implement depends upon each unique individual, their needs, and the issues that bring them to counseling.
(380) 666-8364 View (380) 666-8364
Photo of Amanda Watts, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Amanda Watts
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Newark, OH 43055  (Online Only)
Amanda is an LISW with experience in working with a diverse population of individuals to improve their overall mental health. Utilizing a person-centered and strength-based approach Amanda enjoys helping clients identify their strengths and working alongside them as they identify and achieve personal goals. As a person of faith Amanda is comfortable offering therapy from a biblical perspective if this interests the client.
Amanda is an LISW with experience in working with a diverse population of individuals to improve their overall mental health. Utilizing a person-centered and strength-based approach Amanda enjoys helping clients identify their strengths and working alongside them as they identify and achieve personal goals. As a person of faith Amanda is comfortable offering therapy from a biblical perspective if this interests the client.
(614) 858-8025 View (614) 858-8025
Photo of Tim Welch, LPCC, NCC, MAC, BC-TMH, Counselor
Tim Welch
Counselor, LPCC, NCC, MAC, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newark, OH 43055  (Online Only)
Hello! Starting therapy can feel intimidating, but I’m here to support you and respect your unique journey and goals. Therapy is a collaborative process where we work together to address your challenges. Your current struggles don't have to shape your future. I believe counseling should be empowering, personalized, and tailored to your specific needs. Whether you're dealing with substance use, depression, anxiety, stress, trauma, addiction, or mood disorders, I’ll use my experience and a range of techniques like CBT, DBT, EMDR, motivational interviewing, and mindfulness to help guide you to a more stable place.
Hello! Starting therapy can feel intimidating, but I’m here to support you and respect your unique journey and goals. Therapy is a collaborative process where we work together to address your challenges. Your current struggles don't have to shape your future. I believe counseling should be empowering, personalized, and tailored to your specific needs. Whether you're dealing with substance use, depression, anxiety, stress, trauma, addiction, or mood disorders, I’ll use my experience and a range of techniques like CBT, DBT, EMDR, motivational interviewing, and mindfulness to help guide you to a more stable place.
(740) 923-2644 View (740) 923-2644
Photo of Macey Hawout, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Macey Hawout
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Newark, OH 43055
Are you a young adult woman experiencing anxiety, depression, relationship issues, self-esteem issues, and even trauma? Self-discovery and creating/finding identity are goals I work best with. In my most recent job, I have found that domestic violence survivors and women who experience issues specific to being a woman have piqued my interest. As a therapist, the most rewarding thing is to guide women toward embracing themselves for who they are, heal past wounds, and empower them to live fully and authentically. I believe I have been given a purpose in this world to serve others, and that's what I was created to do.
Are you a young adult woman experiencing anxiety, depression, relationship issues, self-esteem issues, and even trauma? Self-discovery and creating/finding identity are goals I work best with. In my most recent job, I have found that domestic violence survivors and women who experience issues specific to being a woman have piqued my interest. As a therapist, the most rewarding thing is to guide women toward embracing themselves for who they are, heal past wounds, and empower them to live fully and authentically. I believe I have been given a purpose in this world to serve others, and that's what I was created to do.
(740) 206-8670 View (740) 206-8670
Photo of Rachel Keay-McVay, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rachel Keay-McVay
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Newark, OH 43055
There is a curious habit that I've noticed, especially when working with teens, that clients will mostly only work on the "issue of the week." This can have numerous benefits and can also delay the client's progress on any underlying concerns or patterns. Ideally, once a client has agreed to their treatment goals, they continue to take attainable steps towards that goal in therapy and in their daily life. When a client feels comfortable with their therapist to share their thoughts, emotions, and vulnerabilities, then deeper work can happen.
There is a curious habit that I've noticed, especially when working with teens, that clients will mostly only work on the "issue of the week." This can have numerous benefits and can also delay the client's progress on any underlying concerns or patterns. Ideally, once a client has agreed to their treatment goals, they continue to take attainable steps towards that goal in therapy and in their daily life. When a client feels comfortable with their therapist to share their thoughts, emotions, and vulnerabilities, then deeper work can happen.
(740) 883-3632 View (740) 883-3632
Photo of Dr. Noriyo Shoji-Schaffner, PhD, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dr. Noriyo Shoji-Schaffner
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
Newark, OH 43055
Are you navigating personality disorders, bipolar disorder, anxiety & depression, marital & familial conflicts, & grief? Are you ready to explore your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors to improve your well-being by being open to asking tough questions, tackling big issues, and pursuing outcomes with perseverance? My goal is to provide support in improving relationships, managing stress, overcoming trauma, adopting healthier coping skills, & embracing fulfilling life options. My 15 years of clinical experience as a racial/ethnic minority practitioner has allowed me to cultivate expertise to assist racial/ethnic minority groups.
Are you navigating personality disorders, bipolar disorder, anxiety & depression, marital & familial conflicts, & grief? Are you ready to explore your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors to improve your well-being by being open to asking tough questions, tackling big issues, and pursuing outcomes with perseverance? My goal is to provide support in improving relationships, managing stress, overcoming trauma, adopting healthier coping skills, & embracing fulfilling life options. My 15 years of clinical experience as a racial/ethnic minority practitioner has allowed me to cultivate expertise to assist racial/ethnic minority groups.
(740) 726-5120 View (740) 726-5120
Photo of Christina R Hall, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Christina R Hall
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Newark, OH 43055
I enjoy working with clients who may be struggling with issues such as depression, anxiety, emotional management, poor self-esteem, experiencing grief and loss; who are motivated and open to change and doing homework, and who desire to be a healthier version of themselves.
I enjoy working with clients who may be struggling with issues such as depression, anxiety, emotional management, poor self-esteem, experiencing grief and loss; who are motivated and open to change and doing homework, and who desire to be a healthier version of themselves.
(740) 883-8040 View (740) 883-8040
Photo of Joshua Stanley, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Joshua Stanley
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Newark, OH 43055
My ideal client is an individual who is open to working as a team and benefiting from a therapeutic relationship in which honesty, accountability, and empathy are paramount. While a client’s concerns are unique and personal, there is nothing they cannot overcome through effective therapeutic interventions and a highly-trained and relatable clinician.
My ideal client is an individual who is open to working as a team and benefiting from a therapeutic relationship in which honesty, accountability, and empathy are paramount. While a client’s concerns are unique and personal, there is nothing they cannot overcome through effective therapeutic interventions and a highly-trained and relatable clinician.
(740) 273-6273 View (740) 273-6273
Photo of Raquel Garrett, ME , LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Raquel Garrett
Licensed Professional Counselor, ME , LPC
Verified Verified
Newark, OH 43055
Are you struggling with anxious or ruminating thoughts, restlessness, difficulty concentrating, lethargy, lack of motivation, or isolation, which may have been manageable previously but now is an issue? You may struggle with creating a support network or having boundaries with others. Are there unresolved trauma issues that you may not be acknowledging? You are looking for insight & help with your active symptoms, like managing your anxiety, ruminating thoughts, or negative self-talk. You would like to develop coping skills that are easily applicable to your daily routine while increasing the quality of your supports.
Are you struggling with anxious or ruminating thoughts, restlessness, difficulty concentrating, lethargy, lack of motivation, or isolation, which may have been manageable previously but now is an issue? You may struggle with creating a support network or having boundaries with others. Are there unresolved trauma issues that you may not be acknowledging? You are looking for insight & help with your active symptoms, like managing your anxiety, ruminating thoughts, or negative self-talk. You would like to develop coping skills that are easily applicable to your daily routine while increasing the quality of your supports.
(740) 842-8557 View (740) 842-8557
Photo of Holly Mundon, MSW , LISWS , CCTP , CDCA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Holly Mundon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW , LISWS , CCTP , CDCA
Verified Verified
Newark, OH 43055
Are you having struggles in your job or relationship? Have you been diagnosed with a mental illness and need coping skills as you learn to manage all that it entails? Do you need education, support, and encouragement? I work with grief/loss, trauma, Depression, Anxiety, coping skills & boundaries, relationship and job stressors, life transitions, and general support. I am passionate about helping those who are 'helping professions' and work with health professionals and first responders dealing with secondary trauma. We will work together to set goals for taking the next steps to feel better.
Are you having struggles in your job or relationship? Have you been diagnosed with a mental illness and need coping skills as you learn to manage all that it entails? Do you need education, support, and encouragement? I work with grief/loss, trauma, Depression, Anxiety, coping skills & boundaries, relationship and job stressors, life transitions, and general support. I am passionate about helping those who are 'helping professions' and work with health professionals and first responders dealing with secondary trauma. We will work together to set goals for taking the next steps to feel better.
(740) 245-6505 View (740) 245-6505
Photo of Janaye Guess, MSW, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Janaye Guess
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW
Verified Verified
Newark, OH 43055
My ideal client would be anyone struggling with a mental health disorder. I enjoy working with people who struggle with depression and/or anxiety. Ideally, their goals would be to improve their overall functioning and quality of life. My ideal client would be able to put in the necessary work to accomplish their goals. My therapy style is authentic, empathetic, and validating. I believe in incorporating various treatment modalities that are based on the individual needs of my clients.
My ideal client would be anyone struggling with a mental health disorder. I enjoy working with people who struggle with depression and/or anxiety. Ideally, their goals would be to improve their overall functioning and quality of life. My ideal client would be able to put in the necessary work to accomplish their goals. My therapy style is authentic, empathetic, and validating. I believe in incorporating various treatment modalities that are based on the individual needs of my clients.
(740) 217-4968 View (740) 217-4968
Photo of Julie Johnson-Zigan, MA, LPCC-QS, LMHC-QS, LPC-PCS, CGP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Julie Johnson-Zigan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC-QS, LMHC-QS, LPC-PCS, CGP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newark, OH 43055  (Online Only)
I am told I'm confused & really don't want to leave this relationship. Are they right? Is this just a life crisis? Ugh why am I questioning myself again? I can do this right? I don't know where to start. Or perhaps this: Why am I always ending up in hurtful relationships? Why do I care more than they seem to? Did I mean anything to them? I just want to be loved. What is wrong with ME? OR maybe you heard the word or were the one to say DIVORCE (break-up). Was there anything so wrong that now we are breaking up? The children moved on & we did not know what to say to each other, it was very silent. I feel so alone, tired, & grieving,
I am told I'm confused & really don't want to leave this relationship. Are they right? Is this just a life crisis? Ugh why am I questioning myself again? I can do this right? I don't know where to start. Or perhaps this: Why am I always ending up in hurtful relationships? Why do I care more than they seem to? Did I mean anything to them? I just want to be loved. What is wrong with ME? OR maybe you heard the word or were the one to say DIVORCE (break-up). Was there anything so wrong that now we are breaking up? The children moved on & we did not know what to say to each other, it was very silent. I feel so alone, tired, & grieving,
(740) 638-0940 View (740) 638-0940
Photo of Amy Roley, LPCC
Amy Roley
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor , LPCC
Verified Verified
Newark, OH 43055
Are you ready to make changes in your life to support your emotional growth? Do you want to put in the necessary effort to improve your outlook, inner strength, and confidence? Each client will feel supported through skill building, learning, and growing to set achievable goals, accomplish those goals, and have a positive impact on themselves and those around them. The majority of my clients experience depression in different levels of severity. Some come to treatment and need medication as well as talk therapy.
Are you ready to make changes in your life to support your emotional growth? Do you want to put in the necessary effort to improve your outlook, inner strength, and confidence? Each client will feel supported through skill building, learning, and growing to set achievable goals, accomplish those goals, and have a positive impact on themselves and those around them. The majority of my clients experience depression in different levels of severity. Some come to treatment and need medication as well as talk therapy.
(740) 675-6311 View (740) 675-6311
Photo of Rebekah Fink, LPCC-S
Rebekah Fink
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor , LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Newark, OH 43055
Are you suffering from trauma & finding it holding you back from living your true, authentic life? From my experience, I can see how challenging a Borderline Personality Disorder diagnosis can be on a person, & working with someone open to learning new skills to manage it better can be very rewarding! I enjoy working with people who are suffering from anxiety or depressive disorder as I have seen the progress my clients have made in those areas & I love to watch them start to live a more satisfying life. I am here to assist with any life transitions, relationship issues, grief, or OCD/phobias that are preventing you from your goals.
Are you suffering from trauma & finding it holding you back from living your true, authentic life? From my experience, I can see how challenging a Borderline Personality Disorder diagnosis can be on a person, & working with someone open to learning new skills to manage it better can be very rewarding! I enjoy working with people who are suffering from anxiety or depressive disorder as I have seen the progress my clients have made in those areas & I love to watch them start to live a more satisfying life. I am here to assist with any life transitions, relationship issues, grief, or OCD/phobias that are preventing you from your goals.
(740) 218-4057 View (740) 218-4057
Photo of Kelsi Rooks, MA , LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kelsi Rooks
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA , LPC
Verified Verified
Newark, OH 43055
Are you struggling to feel heard and validated? Are you having difficulty managing your emotions, finding purpose, or processing lived experiences? Are you in need of someone capable of providing guidance, active listening, empathetic understanding, & who can provide them with the tools to succeed? Are you open to gaining the knowledge and skills used in everyday life to help you grow and improve your overall well-being? I offer coping skills, resources, and knowledge to overcome any mental health challenges you may be facing. Instilling your self-confidence to succeed and walking this journey alongside you.
Are you struggling to feel heard and validated? Are you having difficulty managing your emotions, finding purpose, or processing lived experiences? Are you in need of someone capable of providing guidance, active listening, empathetic understanding, & who can provide them with the tools to succeed? Are you open to gaining the knowledge and skills used in everyday life to help you grow and improve your overall well-being? I offer coping skills, resources, and knowledge to overcome any mental health challenges you may be facing. Instilling your self-confidence to succeed and walking this journey alongside you.
(740) 880-7747 View (740) 880-7747
Photo of Stephanie Bishop, MSW, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stephanie Bishop
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Newark, OH 43055  (Online Only)
I specialize in supporting individuals through trauma recovery, mood disorders and anxiety challenges. With a compassionate and evidence-based approach, I offer therapies such as Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). My goal is to create a safe and nurturing space where you can explore your experiences, build resilience, and discover new paths towards emotional well-being. Together, we'll work towards empowering you to lead a more fulfilling life.
I specialize in supporting individuals through trauma recovery, mood disorders and anxiety challenges. With a compassionate and evidence-based approach, I offer therapies such as Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). My goal is to create a safe and nurturing space where you can explore your experiences, build resilience, and discover new paths towards emotional well-being. Together, we'll work towards empowering you to lead a more fulfilling life.
(740) 499-7117 View (740) 499-7117
1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Newark, OH

60+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Newark, OH who prioritize treating:

89% Anxiety
85% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
75% Trauma and PTSD
75% Self Esteem
70% Life Transitions
66% Grief

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

86% Aetna
76% Cigna and Evernorth
66% Anthem

How Therapists in Newark, OH see their clients

76% In Person and Online
24% Online Only

Gender breakdown

73% Female
26% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Newark?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.