Photo of Rebecca Elliott, Marriage & Family Therapist in Arvada, CO
Rebecca Elliott
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFTC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Arvada, CO 80003  (Online Only)
Some modalities I use center around curiosity, and self-compassion and include; attachment theory, client-centered, solution-focused, CBT, A&C, and Internal Family Systems.
We hear it all the time, we are wired for connection. It's true, we need relationships and connection to get us through our toughest challenges. If you're feeling lost or disconnected therapy can help you find some relief. I believe the relationship we build as therapist and client will act as a catalyst for the change you desire. I’ll act as a guide as you become an expert on the themes in your life that keep you feeling stuck.
Some modalities I use center around curiosity, and self-compassion and include; attachment theory, client-centered, solution-focused, CBT, A&C, and Internal Family Systems.
We hear it all the time, we are wired for connection. It's true, we need relationships and connection to get us through our toughest challenges. If you're feeling lost or disconnected therapy can help you find some relief. I believe the relationship we build as therapist and client will act as a catalyst for the change you desire. I’ll act as a guide as you become an expert on the themes in your life that keep you feeling stuck.
(970) 578-1286 View (970) 578-1286
Photo of Becca Payne, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Arvada, CO
Becca Payne
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MFTC, MA, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arvada, CO 80003
Waitlist for new clients
I work with relationships of all shapes and sizes, from your relationship with yourself to your entire family system.
We need healthy and meaningful relationships to feel a true sense of fulfillment in life. Therapy can be a transformative space for individuals, couples and families to reimagine the way they they relate to themselves and one another. Deep down, I believe we all want what is best for ourselves, our relationships and our families, but sometimes the pains from the past and uncertainty of life can block us from fulfillment and true connection. Life is difficult and can bring unimaginable pain. Relationships and parenting are complex. Everyone needs support.
I work with relationships of all shapes and sizes, from your relationship with yourself to your entire family system.
We need healthy and meaningful relationships to feel a true sense of fulfillment in life. Therapy can be a transformative space for individuals, couples and families to reimagine the way they they relate to themselves and one another. Deep down, I believe we all want what is best for ourselves, our relationships and our families, but sometimes the pains from the past and uncertainty of life can block us from fulfillment and true connection. Life is difficult and can bring unimaginable pain. Relationships and parenting are complex. Everyone needs support.
(720) 743-3944 View (720) 743-3944
Photo of Jenna Caldwell, Marriage and Family Therapist Candidate in Arvada, CO
Jenna Caldwell
Marriage and Family Therapist Candidate, MFT-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Arvada, CO 80002
Self-Esteem & Anxiety Individual Therapy. Couple and Relationship Therapy. Parent-Child Relationship Therapy. I work with couples who desire to cultivate a deeper connection, intimacy, and trust. In our sessions, we will work together to uncover and address troublesome patterns blocking you and your partner from connection and healing. I also help parents & children strengthen their relationships and create healthier family dynamics through bridging communication gaps, nurturing mutual understanding, and creating a more supportive space.
Self-Esteem & Anxiety Individual Therapy. Couple and Relationship Therapy. Parent-Child Relationship Therapy. I work with couples who desire to cultivate a deeper connection, intimacy, and trust. In our sessions, we will work together to uncover and address troublesome patterns blocking you and your partner from connection and healing. I also help parents & children strengthen their relationships and create healthier family dynamics through bridging communication gaps, nurturing mutual understanding, and creating a more supportive space.
(720) 815-9724 View (720) 815-9724
Photo of Benjamin Bombach, Marriage & Family Therapist in Arvada, CO
Benjamin Bombach
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Arvada, CO 80003
I work best with individuals, couples and families on these issues: Couple/Relationship conflict, Parenting/Family issues, Grief and loss, Life Transitions, Anger Management, Self-Esteem, Identity formation, LGBTQI/ Gender Identity, Spirituality, and Meaning Making.
I work best with individuals, couples and families on these issues: Couple/Relationship conflict, Parenting/Family issues, Grief and loss, Life Transitions, Anger Management, Self-Esteem, Identity formation, LGBTQI/ Gender Identity, Spirituality, and Meaning Making.
(720) 726-1886 View (720) 726-1886
Photo of Susan Splitt, Licensed Professional Counselor in Arvada, CO
Susan Splitt
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Arvada, CO 80003
I have also been trained in EMDR, DBT and Internal Family Systems and teach groups in mindfulness, relaxation and stress reduction.
I respectfully focus on the uniqueness of each individual and how they are experiencing themselves in the present moment, rather than what they have been told in the past. I am a trauma informed therapist, specializing in working with grief, loss, trauma and life transitions. My professional experience includes working in an inpatient psychiatric setting with adults with trauma, substance abuse and chronic mental health issues, working with adult survivors of childhood trauma and working as a bereavement counselor in hospice.
I have also been trained in EMDR, DBT and Internal Family Systems and teach groups in mindfulness, relaxation and stress reduction.
I respectfully focus on the uniqueness of each individual and how they are experiencing themselves in the present moment, rather than what they have been told in the past. I am a trauma informed therapist, specializing in working with grief, loss, trauma and life transitions. My professional experience includes working in an inpatient psychiatric setting with adults with trauma, substance abuse and chronic mental health issues, working with adult survivors of childhood trauma and working as a bereavement counselor in hospice.
(720) 548-1662 View (720) 548-1662
Photo of Rosa Perlman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arvada, CO
Rosa Perlman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Arvada, CO 80002
The choice to begin therapy can feel daunting. Yet, with the right support, the process can also be empowering. Being seen and heard is the first step towards healing. I work with clients experiencing anxiety, loneliness, relationship issues, trauma, life transitions, family conflict and parenting challenges. I utilize an attachment-based and systemic lens to examine your inner world and work towards shaping a supportive environment for healing and growth. I would be honored to walk alongside you as you deepen your relationship with yourself, gain copin​g ​s​kills and accomplish your goals.
The choice to begin therapy can feel daunting. Yet, with the right support, the process can also be empowering. Being seen and heard is the first step towards healing. I work with clients experiencing anxiety, loneliness, relationship issues, trauma, life transitions, family conflict and parenting challenges. I utilize an attachment-based and systemic lens to examine your inner world and work towards shaping a supportive environment for healing and growth. I would be honored to walk alongside you as you deepen your relationship with yourself, gain copin​g ​s​kills and accomplish your goals.
(720) 743-4872 View (720) 743-4872
Photo of Mandi Amato, Pre-Licensed Professional in Arvada, CO
Mandi Amato
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arvada, CO 80004
By fostering effective communication and understanding, we ensure a healthier, more cohesive family dynamic.
Passionate about supporting children and teens facing challenges such as worry, anxiety, peer difficulties, academic struggles, low self-esteem, and the impact of parental divorce. I provide empathetic counseling, fostering resilience, coping skills, and a safe space for growth. With a focus on mental well-being, I empower young minds to navigate life's hurdles, promoting emotional health and positive relationships.
By fostering effective communication and understanding, we ensure a healthier, more cohesive family dynamic.
Passionate about supporting children and teens facing challenges such as worry, anxiety, peer difficulties, academic struggles, low self-esteem, and the impact of parental divorce. I provide empathetic counseling, fostering resilience, coping skills, and a safe space for growth. With a focus on mental well-being, I empower young minds to navigate life's hurdles, promoting emotional health and positive relationships.
(720) 706-1287 View (720) 706-1287
Photo of Jacquie Harro, Counselor in Arvada, CO
Jacquie Harro
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Arvada, CO 80003
Call or email today to see if I am the right therapist for your family.
By now you may feel like you've tried everything. Perhaps your home has become a battleground, filled with fights that repeat over and over without any progress. Maybe you feel like you have hit a wall with your partner and aren’t sure how to move forward, or maybe you feel stuck, watching from the sidelines as your child navigates the many challenges of adolescence. Taking action can help resolve these feelings of helplessness and taking the initiative to seek treatment is the first step forward. If you or your child is struggling to live a fulfilling life—or even struggling to make it through the day—it’s time to seek help.
Call or email today to see if I am the right therapist for your family.
By now you may feel like you've tried everything. Perhaps your home has become a battleground, filled with fights that repeat over and over without any progress. Maybe you feel like you have hit a wall with your partner and aren’t sure how to move forward, or maybe you feel stuck, watching from the sidelines as your child navigates the many challenges of adolescence. Taking action can help resolve these feelings of helplessness and taking the initiative to seek treatment is the first step forward. If you or your child is struggling to live a fulfilling life—or even struggling to make it through the day—it’s time to seek help.
(970) 825-0302 View (970) 825-0302
Photo of Life Reimagined Therapy Group, Marriage & Family Therapist in Arvada, CO
Life Reimagined Therapy Group
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Arvada, CO 80003
We offer non-judgmental, warm, and understanding spaces that invites you (and your family) into deep change.
Therapy can be a transformative space for individuals, couples, and families to reimagine the way they relate to themselves and one another. Deep down, we believe we all want what is best for ourselves, our relationships and our families, but sometimes the pains from the past and uncertainty of life can block us from fulfillment and true connection. Life is difficult and can bring unimaginable pain. Relationships and parenting are complex. Everyone needs support.
We offer non-judgmental, warm, and understanding spaces that invites you (and your family) into deep change.
Therapy can be a transformative space for individuals, couples, and families to reimagine the way they relate to themselves and one another. Deep down, we believe we all want what is best for ourselves, our relationships and our families, but sometimes the pains from the past and uncertainty of life can block us from fulfillment and true connection. Life is difficult and can bring unimaginable pain. Relationships and parenting are complex. Everyone needs support.
(303) 395-5682 View (303) 395-5682
Photo of 70 West Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Arvada, CO
70 West Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Arvada, CO 80002
Issues currently being addressed in the center include: depression, domestic violence, sexual issues, infidelity recovery, blended family parenting, sexual abuse recovery, substance abuse, and others.
70 West is a faith based non-profit Counseling Center. Since 1995 70 West has offered counseling services, support groups, and mental health education. Our purpose is to provide affordable effective counseling for individuals, children, and families who might otherwise be unable to afford professional counseling. Our therapists are Christians by faith; however it is our goal to honor the personal beliefs of all the clients we serve. As a full service center we offer counseling for people of all ages, stages, and transitions in life.
Issues currently being addressed in the center include: depression, domestic violence, sexual issues, infidelity recovery, blended family parenting, sexual abuse recovery, substance abuse, and others.
70 West is a faith based non-profit Counseling Center. Since 1995 70 West has offered counseling services, support groups, and mental health education. Our purpose is to provide affordable effective counseling for individuals, children, and families who might otherwise be unable to afford professional counseling. Our therapists are Christians by faith; however it is our goal to honor the personal beliefs of all the clients we serve. As a full service center we offer counseling for people of all ages, stages, and transitions in life.
(720) 734-8911 View (720) 734-8911
Photo of Jamie Griffin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arvada, CO
Jamie Griffin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, SWC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arvada, CO 80003
Jamie utilizes a range of approaches to best support each unique client, including modalities such as DBT, CBT, EMDR, Internal Family Systems, Emotionally Focused Therapy, mindfulness and trauma informed practices.
Jamie is a passionate and dedicated therapist who has worked with children, adolescents, adults, couples, and families throughout her career. Jamie supports those who struggle with the difficulties from the stressor of daily life, mental health issues like depression and anxiety, barriers surrounding trauma, motherhood and postpartum, ADD/ADHD, substance use, grief and loss, and feelings of being overwhelmed. If you are feeling lost, having challenges in relationships, life situations, or you feel burdened by anxiety and depression, Jamie might be a good fit to help support your path in feeling better.
Jamie utilizes a range of approaches to best support each unique client, including modalities such as DBT, CBT, EMDR, Internal Family Systems, Emotionally Focused Therapy, mindfulness and trauma informed practices.
Jamie is a passionate and dedicated therapist who has worked with children, adolescents, adults, couples, and families throughout her career. Jamie supports those who struggle with the difficulties from the stressor of daily life, mental health issues like depression and anxiety, barriers surrounding trauma, motherhood and postpartum, ADD/ADHD, substance use, grief and loss, and feelings of being overwhelmed. If you are feeling lost, having challenges in relationships, life situations, or you feel burdened by anxiety and depression, Jamie might be a good fit to help support your path in feeling better.
(720) 575-3264 View (720) 575-3264
Photo of Allison L. McCue-Napoli, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arvada, CO
Allison L. McCue-Napoli
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CFI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arvada, CO 80002
Using EMDR & other modalities, such a CBT, IFS & DBT, I work with adults, teens, and families, struggling with conflict, relationship issues, anger, depression, anxiety, divorce, violence, gender identity, family reunification, abuse, and PTSD.
Dealing with trauma and past hurts, struggling with work, relationships, or addiction, managing depression & anxiety or to better understand one's gender identity or sexuality - it isn't easy to address any of these things. I see therapy as a safe, judgment-free, shame-free, and confidential space, where you are free to vent, confide, cry, discuss, imagine, find strength, and be empowered. Most importantly, therapy is a place for hope to come alive, to learn new coping skills, to achieve personal growth, and to discover you are strong, valuable, and greater than any struggle you might have. Change is possible!
Using EMDR & other modalities, such a CBT, IFS & DBT, I work with adults, teens, and families, struggling with conflict, relationship issues, anger, depression, anxiety, divorce, violence, gender identity, family reunification, abuse, and PTSD.
Dealing with trauma and past hurts, struggling with work, relationships, or addiction, managing depression & anxiety or to better understand one's gender identity or sexuality - it isn't easy to address any of these things. I see therapy as a safe, judgment-free, shame-free, and confidential space, where you are free to vent, confide, cry, discuss, imagine, find strength, and be empowered. Most importantly, therapy is a place for hope to come alive, to learn new coping skills, to achieve personal growth, and to discover you are strong, valuable, and greater than any struggle you might have. Change is possible!
(720) 996-1340 View (720) 996-1340
Photo of Randy A. Braley, PhD, LMFT, Psychologist in Arvada, CO
Randy A. Braley, PhD, LMFT
Psychologist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Arvada, CO 80006
I work with all members of the individual patient's family as treatment resources.
I practice on behalf of children/adolescents and their families through parent-empowerment strategies. I use cognitive (thought based), behavioral approaches to correct unwanted conduct and/or attitudes in children/adolescents. I have extensive clinical experience in treating oppositional and defiant youth in a community, juvenile justice and hospital setting. I have been trained in intervention strategies for eating disordered teens and adults, from within their family systems. I focus on the individual and relational strenghths already in place to promote change.
I work with all members of the individual patient's family as treatment resources.
I practice on behalf of children/adolescents and their families through parent-empowerment strategies. I use cognitive (thought based), behavioral approaches to correct unwanted conduct and/or attitudes in children/adolescents. I have extensive clinical experience in treating oppositional and defiant youth in a community, juvenile justice and hospital setting. I have been trained in intervention strategies for eating disordered teens and adults, from within their family systems. I focus on the individual and relational strenghths already in place to promote change.
(303) 900-7073 View (303) 900-7073
Photo of Amy Monreal, Pre-Licensed Professional in Arvada, CO
Amy Monreal
Pre-Licensed Professional, MFT-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arvada, CO 80002
I use Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), Family Systems Therapy, and Art Therapy techniques along with talk therapy such as CBT.
Maybe you're in a relationship where conflict is difficult to navigate, and you feel stuck in patterns that leave you feeling frustrated and alone. Maybe you're a parent who worries about your teen and their behaviors. Perhaps you're ready to heal past wounds and need support building a healthy sense of self. Having a space to talk to someone can help us feel seen, grounded, and ultimately allow us to discover our truest selves.
I use Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), Family Systems Therapy, and Art Therapy techniques along with talk therapy such as CBT.
Maybe you're in a relationship where conflict is difficult to navigate, and you feel stuck in patterns that leave you feeling frustrated and alone. Maybe you're a parent who worries about your teen and their behaviors. Perhaps you're ready to heal past wounds and need support building a healthy sense of self. Having a space to talk to someone can help us feel seen, grounded, and ultimately allow us to discover our truest selves.
(720) 782-5648 View (720) 782-5648
Photo of Leigh Tatum, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arvada, CO
Leigh Tatum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arvada, CO 80002
She embraces an eclectic therapeutic style that is tailored to each person including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, Solutions focused therapy, and Internal Family Systems.
Schedule through my website instantly > website link in my bio! Leigh has worked with diverse populations across the lifespan within non-profit outpatient medical and mental health clinics. She utilizes a client-centered, strengths-based approach and believes in the resilience and capabilities within each person. She focuses on concerns with depression, anxiety, sexual or gender identity, grief and loss, self-esteem, spirituality, and navigating life’s many transitions.
She embraces an eclectic therapeutic style that is tailored to each person including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, Solutions focused therapy, and Internal Family Systems.
Schedule through my website instantly > website link in my bio! Leigh has worked with diverse populations across the lifespan within non-profit outpatient medical and mental health clinics. She utilizes a client-centered, strengths-based approach and believes in the resilience and capabilities within each person. She focuses on concerns with depression, anxiety, sexual or gender identity, grief and loss, self-esteem, spirituality, and navigating life’s many transitions.
(720) 782-5816 View (720) 782-5816
Photo of Annabelle Denmark, LPC Intern in Arvada, CO
Annabelle Denmark
LPC Intern, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arvada, CO 80004
I draw from a toolbox that includes Internal Family Systems (IFS), EMDR, applied existential psychotherapy and Sensorimotor Psychotherapy.
Hello! I’m Annabelle (she/they), a Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate (LPCC) bi-lingual in French and English. I am dedicated to fostering healing and growth in individuals of all identities and backgrounds.
I draw from a toolbox that includes Internal Family Systems (IFS), EMDR, applied existential psychotherapy and Sensorimotor Psychotherapy.
Hello! I’m Annabelle (she/they), a Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate (LPCC) bi-lingual in French and English. I am dedicated to fostering healing and growth in individuals of all identities and backgrounds.
(720) 637-5199 View (720) 637-5199
Photo of Adria Rigg, Marriage & Family Therapist in Arvada, CO
Adria Rigg
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LPC, LMFT, RPT-S
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Arvada, CO 80003
Are you someone who is in a committed relationship where you are co-existing but are struggling to deeply connect or work through conflict? Have you lived through a difficult challenge that has put stress on your family (i.e. loss of a parent or job, substance abuse problem, etc.)? Or are you a new parent and you’re having difficulty adjusting to the demands that come with this new life stage? You are not alone. And these are all issues and challenges that can be addressed in therapy where we explore your needs, identify your strengths, practice new skills, and work together towards your goals.
Are you someone who is in a committed relationship where you are co-existing but are struggling to deeply connect or work through conflict? Have you lived through a difficult challenge that has put stress on your family (i.e. loss of a parent or job, substance abuse problem, etc.)? Or are you a new parent and you’re having difficulty adjusting to the demands that come with this new life stage? You are not alone. And these are all issues and challenges that can be addressed in therapy where we explore your needs, identify your strengths, practice new skills, and work together towards your goals.
(720) 504-5169 View (720) 504-5169
Photo of Jolie A Anderson, Counselor in Arvada, CO
Jolie A Anderson
Counselor, LPC, NCC, BS, MA
Verified Verified
Arvada, CO 80007
Proud to be a family-owned business.
I am eager for the opportunity to help you create the change you wish to see in your life. I have assisted many clients with setting new life goals, creating healthy boundaries, build coping skills,provide deep insight, self-awareness and reflection. I want to be your next big support system, I want all my clients to look back ten years from now and remember how my therapeutic services greatly impacted the quality of their lives!! The goal of my services is to provide a non-judgemental, empathetic and safe environment for my clients and assist clients with anything that may be troubling them.
Proud to be a family-owned business.
I am eager for the opportunity to help you create the change you wish to see in your life. I have assisted many clients with setting new life goals, creating healthy boundaries, build coping skills,provide deep insight, self-awareness and reflection. I want to be your next big support system, I want all my clients to look back ten years from now and remember how my therapeutic services greatly impacted the quality of their lives!! The goal of my services is to provide a non-judgemental, empathetic and safe environment for my clients and assist clients with anything that may be troubling them.
(720) 580-4647 View (720) 580-4647
Photo of Hishara Jansz, Marriage & Family Therapist in Arvada, CO
Hishara Jansz
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Arvada, CO 80004
Hishara is a licensed Marriage and Family therapist who works with children, adolescents, adults, families and couples from diverse cultures. She uses a holistic, client-centered, cultural-oriented and strength-based perspective in her work. Hishara will also engage in animal assisted therapy with her "official" side-kick Lava, when it is therapeutically appropriate. She treats a wide range of individual and relational issues, meets people where they're at in their journey towards healing and works within their reality to help them recognize and build on their own strengths to face and overcome challenges.
Hishara is a licensed Marriage and Family therapist who works with children, adolescents, adults, families and couples from diverse cultures. She uses a holistic, client-centered, cultural-oriented and strength-based perspective in her work. Hishara will also engage in animal assisted therapy with her "official" side-kick Lava, when it is therapeutically appropriate. She treats a wide range of individual and relational issues, meets people where they're at in their journey towards healing and works within their reality to help them recognize and build on their own strengths to face and overcome challenges.
(720) 386-4714 View (720) 386-4714
Photo of Kaitlyn Holsapple, Marriage & Family Therapist in Arvada, CO
Kaitlyn Holsapple
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Arvada, CO 80004
I offer a supportive, empathetic, non-judgmental environment that allows you and your family to focus on expressing yourself and healing.
I believe wholeheartedly in the power of families and relationships. When our relationships are thriving we can feel at our best, but when there is tension, loss of trust, trouble communicating, or just something missing we can feel lost, angry, or hopeless. My hope is to help you find joy, strength, and healing and am committed to helping you reach your potential.
I offer a supportive, empathetic, non-judgmental environment that allows you and your family to focus on expressing yourself and healing.
I believe wholeheartedly in the power of families and relationships. When our relationships are thriving we can feel at our best, but when there is tension, loss of trust, trouble communicating, or just something missing we can feel lost, angry, or hopeless. My hope is to help you find joy, strength, and healing and am committed to helping you reach your potential.
(720) 707-1097 View (720) 707-1097
Family Therapy

What do family therapists do?

A family therapist facilitates the process of understanding and improving how a family functions. The therapist will help family members develop empathy for one another. They’ll seek to understand existing patterns, misunderstandings, and conflicts that arise, in order to help the family arrive at a realistic, unified understanding and develop the coping skills they need to build stronger relationships.

How long does therapy for families take to work?

Therapy manifests differently in every family; a common time frame is 12 weekly sessions, but some families may see improvement after just a few weeks. Families should discuss their goals with the therapist at the beginning of the process and periodically revisit those goals to assess their progress together.

How can you encourage a family member to attend family therapy?

You can encourage family members to attend therapy by expressing with both love and concern the challenges you see and explaining how a therapist could help the family navigate those challenges together. An outside perspective can help everyone feel heard, get on the same page, and develop new skills. If family members are still hesitant, it may be helpful to emphasize that family therapy is short-term—it won’t last forever.

Is therapy for families effective?

Family therapy can significantly improve family dynamics and relationships. Research suggests that family therapy can help individuals understand their role in the family, communicate and solve problems together, reduce conflict and draw boundaries when necessary, and develop coping skills for stressors, major life changes, and mental or physical illnesses within the family.