Therapists in Vinton, VA

Photo of Amanda Smith, Licensed Professional Counselor in Vinton, VA
Amanda Smith
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Vinton, VA 24179
Deployment, divorce, abuse, depression, anxiety, and domestic violence can have a huge impact on you and your family. Are you or your child having difficulty managing feelings, adjusting to change, or coping with something traumatic? Are you struggling through this challenging time and feel exhausted doing it on your own? If so, you are in the right place! Don't continue to face these difficult experiences alone. Let me help by offering outlets for you or your child to express what is on your minds and learn how to deal with feelings in a healthy way.
Deployment, divorce, abuse, depression, anxiety, and domestic violence can have a huge impact on you and your family. Are you or your child having difficulty managing feelings, adjusting to change, or coping with something traumatic? Are you struggling through this challenging time and feel exhausted doing it on your own? If so, you are in the right place! Don't continue to face these difficult experiences alone. Let me help by offering outlets for you or your child to express what is on your minds and learn how to deal with feelings in a healthy way.
(757) 992-9326 View (757) 992-9326
Photo of Jennifer Gobble, Licensed Professional Counselor in Vinton, VA
Jennifer Gobble
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, ACS, PhD
Verified Verified
Vinton, VA 24179
It is my passion and life work to help people achieve their goals and dreams. Sometimes life gets in the way of this and it is easy to get off track. I believe that the right counselor can make a difference in the life of anyone struggling mentally and emotionally.
It is my passion and life work to help people achieve their goals and dreams. Sometimes life gets in the way of this and it is easy to get off track. I believe that the right counselor can make a difference in the life of anyone struggling mentally and emotionally.
(540) 305-8481 View (540) 305-8481
Photo of Zizi Lofaro, Licensed Professional Counselor in Vinton, VA
Zizi Lofaro
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vinton, VA 24179
Not accepting new clients
I look forward to helping clients reach their highest level of healing and wellbeing. I work with individuals, couples, and families. I work with children when parents and/or guardians are also willing to participate in treatment. I use a collaborative approach to discover solutions for issues such as anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, interpersonal conflict, self-esteem issues, relationship challenges, life transitions, healing from past experiences, recovering from self-defeating behaviors, and reaching one's full potential.
I look forward to helping clients reach their highest level of healing and wellbeing. I work with individuals, couples, and families. I work with children when parents and/or guardians are also willing to participate in treatment. I use a collaborative approach to discover solutions for issues such as anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, interpersonal conflict, self-esteem issues, relationship challenges, life transitions, healing from past experiences, recovering from self-defeating behaviors, and reaching one's full potential.
(540) 854-1829 View (540) 854-1829
Photo of Elizabeth Gillmore, Licensed Professional Counselor in Vinton, VA
Elizabeth Gillmore
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
Vinton, VA 24179
Having problems navigating the crossroads of life? Depression or anxiety getting you down? Add Covid-19 to the mix and maybe you are dealing with the stress of having the kids home or how to keep your marriage healthy. You wonder how you will survive financial and health changes or, like all of us, you're worried about what is coming next. Licensed as both a professional counselor and a marriage and family therapist I can address all of these concerns.
Having problems navigating the crossroads of life? Depression or anxiety getting you down? Add Covid-19 to the mix and maybe you are dealing with the stress of having the kids home or how to keep your marriage healthy. You wonder how you will survive financial and health changes or, like all of us, you're worried about what is coming next. Licensed as both a professional counselor and a marriage and family therapist I can address all of these concerns.
(540) 252-0076 View (540) 252-0076
Photo of Stacie Lumsden Long, Licensed Professional Counselor in Vinton, VA
Stacie Lumsden Long
Licensed Professional Counselor, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vinton, VA 24179
Waitlist for new clients
Are you searching for a silver lining? Sometimes life can seem like a constant struggle, when everything feels overwhelming. I want to help you find hope and peace of mind, even in challenging circumstances. My desire is for you to gain insight into your emotions, giving you a better sense of direction towards positive change.
Are you searching for a silver lining? Sometimes life can seem like a constant struggle, when everything feels overwhelming. I want to help you find hope and peace of mind, even in challenging circumstances. My desire is for you to gain insight into your emotions, giving you a better sense of direction towards positive change.
(540) 385-3691 View (540) 385-3691
Photo of Trevor Ryne Gobble, Pre-Licensed Professional in Vinton, VA
Trevor Ryne Gobble
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMHP-R
Verified Verified
Vinton, VA 24179
As a resident counselor I aim to provide person-centered therapy that is focused on building rapport with the client to ensure that they feel heard and validated. I also deliver evidence based practices when necessary to ensure that the therapy being provided is safe & ethical above all else. Counseling should be tailored to the individual's needs, and I will work with anyone to help develop a treatment plan that meets those needs adequately.
As a resident counselor I aim to provide person-centered therapy that is focused on building rapport with the client to ensure that they feel heard and validated. I also deliver evidence based practices when necessary to ensure that the therapy being provided is safe & ethical above all else. Counseling should be tailored to the individual's needs, and I will work with anyone to help develop a treatment plan that meets those needs adequately.
(540) 583-4726 View (540) 583-4726
Photo of Cynthia C Lissau, Marriage & Family Therapist in Vinton, VA
Cynthia C Lissau
Marriage & Family Therapist, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
Vinton, VA 24179
I enjoy "MAKING LIFE & LOVE BETTER." . With my 20 plus years of experience as a relationship counselor, my goal is to provide personal counseling for individuals and couples (married or partnered). My approach incorporates a combination of traditional, contemporary and holistic counseling techniques. You will find my office to be a comfortable living-room like setting conducive to privacy, safety and relaxation. Each session is tailored to meet the special needs of the client or clients. CONFIDENTIALITY is always in place except when permission is given by the client.
I enjoy "MAKING LIFE & LOVE BETTER." . With my 20 plus years of experience as a relationship counselor, my goal is to provide personal counseling for individuals and couples (married or partnered). My approach incorporates a combination of traditional, contemporary and holistic counseling techniques. You will find my office to be a comfortable living-room like setting conducive to privacy, safety and relaxation. Each session is tailored to meet the special needs of the client or clients. CONFIDENTIALITY is always in place except when permission is given by the client.
(540) 986-4135 View (540) 986-4135
Photo of Karen Forbes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Vinton, VA
Karen Forbes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Vinton, VA 24179
When you experience trauma or stressful life situation, it is not uncommon for your life to feel out of control. I have a passion to help others who have experienced a traumatic event or a stressful life situation. It is my goal to help others to find healthy perceptions of themselves, and to strengthen interpersonal relationships. If you're looking for extra support and guidance to help you know yourself better or you're just ready to move in a new direction in your life, I look forward to working with you to achieve your goals.
When you experience trauma or stressful life situation, it is not uncommon for your life to feel out of control. I have a passion to help others who have experienced a traumatic event or a stressful life situation. It is my goal to help others to find healthy perceptions of themselves, and to strengthen interpersonal relationships. If you're looking for extra support and guidance to help you know yourself better or you're just ready to move in a new direction in your life, I look forward to working with you to achieve your goals.
(540) 277-9982 View (540) 277-9982
Photo of Andrea Miller, Psychologist in Vinton, VA
Andrea Miller
Psychologist, PhD, LCP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vinton, VA 24179
Waitlist for new clients
I am a psychologist who helps adults identify and better understand symptoms or concerns and I teach skills for making adjustments in different areas of life. I work with issues such as depression, anxiety, parent coaching, stress management, emotional regulation skills, major life transitions, peripartum/post-partum anxiety and depression, grief, career counseling, and job burnout. I believe anyone can learn about themselves, gain additional coping strategies and skills, and experience growth through counseling. I conduct bariatric, career, personality, and diagnostic assessments. I have PSYPACT and Florida Telehealth licenses.
I am a psychologist who helps adults identify and better understand symptoms or concerns and I teach skills for making adjustments in different areas of life. I work with issues such as depression, anxiety, parent coaching, stress management, emotional regulation skills, major life transitions, peripartum/post-partum anxiety and depression, grief, career counseling, and job burnout. I believe anyone can learn about themselves, gain additional coping strategies and skills, and experience growth through counseling. I conduct bariatric, career, personality, and diagnostic assessments. I have PSYPACT and Florida Telehealth licenses.
(540) 689-0229 View (540) 689-0229
Photo of Jackie Wilkerson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Vinton, VA
Jackie Wilkerson
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LMFT, LPC
Verified Verified
Vinton, VA 24179
I have enjoyed many years of getting to know and caring for teenagers and adults as both a Counselor and Marriage and Family Therapist. I began my career as a high school psychology teacher and discovered that I loved the students even more than teaching my subject! Since then, many unique challenges – relationship issues, life transitions, anxiety, depression, mood disorders and just plain life stress – have come through my office door. I have also studied with the FBI and Secret Service on prevention of domestic/school violence and stalking issues. This varied experience helps me work toward my client’s desired results.
I have enjoyed many years of getting to know and caring for teenagers and adults as both a Counselor and Marriage and Family Therapist. I began my career as a high school psychology teacher and discovered that I loved the students even more than teaching my subject! Since then, many unique challenges – relationship issues, life transitions, anxiety, depression, mood disorders and just plain life stress – have come through my office door. I have also studied with the FBI and Secret Service on prevention of domestic/school violence and stalking issues. This varied experience helps me work toward my client’s desired results.
(540) 318-0200 View (540) 318-0200
Photo of Scott Cundiff, Marriage & Family Therapist in Vinton, VA
Scott Cundiff
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MA, LMFT, CSOTP
Verified Verified
Vinton, VA 24179
I work with older children, tweens, adolescents, young adults and their parents. I also see individuals struggling with a variety of concerns. I provide couples therapy as well for highly motivated couples who are eager to improve their relationship. Common problem situations I often see: Parenting anxiety, impulse control issues (gaming, pornography etc.), anger control, burn-out, relationship fatigue, difficult family dynamics, anxiety and depression which comes from many sources including traumatic experiences. I also help individuals of all types, often feeling burdoned discover the preferred path that they wish to walk in life.
I work with older children, tweens, adolescents, young adults and their parents. I also see individuals struggling with a variety of concerns. I provide couples therapy as well for highly motivated couples who are eager to improve their relationship. Common problem situations I often see: Parenting anxiety, impulse control issues (gaming, pornography etc.), anger control, burn-out, relationship fatigue, difficult family dynamics, anxiety and depression which comes from many sources including traumatic experiences. I also help individuals of all types, often feeling burdoned discover the preferred path that they wish to walk in life.
(540) 889-3229 View (540) 889-3229
Mindful Healing Inc
Verified Verified
Vinton, VA 24179
We are currently accepting clients ages 18 and up. Our therapists are experienced and have a passion to help others who have experienced traumatic events or stressful life situations. It is our goal to help with finding healthy perceptions of themselves, and to strengthen interpersonal relationships. We offer in person, and online counseling. We look forward to working with you to achieve your goals.
We are currently accepting clients ages 18 and up. Our therapists are experienced and have a passion to help others who have experienced traumatic events or stressful life situations. It is our goal to help with finding healthy perceptions of themselves, and to strengthen interpersonal relationships. We offer in person, and online counseling. We look forward to working with you to achieve your goals.
(540) 318-2402 View (540) 318-2402
Photo of Victoria Rosenberg, Licensed Professional Counselor in Vinton, VA
Victoria Rosenberg
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Vinton, VA 24179  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Overwhelmed as a neurodivergent adult juggling family, work, and life? Are you parenting a neurodivergent child? With tailored support, I will help you navigate the complexities of daily life, honoring your neurodivergent identity, & guiding you towards equilibrium. Through evidence-based techniques, pop culture and humor integration, we will address stressors, providing practical tools for anxiety, depression, and interpersonal challenges. In our safe space, together we will foster positive transformation, deepening self-understanding and resilience. The goal isn't just distress and stress alleviation but empowering you to thrive.
Overwhelmed as a neurodivergent adult juggling family, work, and life? Are you parenting a neurodivergent child? With tailored support, I will help you navigate the complexities of daily life, honoring your neurodivergent identity, & guiding you towards equilibrium. Through evidence-based techniques, pop culture and humor integration, we will address stressors, providing practical tools for anxiety, depression, and interpersonal challenges. In our safe space, together we will foster positive transformation, deepening self-understanding and resilience. The goal isn't just distress and stress alleviation but empowering you to thrive.
(540) 307-2455 View (540) 307-2455
Photo of Bailey Ratliff, Resident in Counseling in Vinton, VA
Bailey Ratliff
Resident in Counseling, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Vinton, VA 24179
Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or stuck in life? I am here to guide you on your journey to emotional well-being and personal growth. The goal is not only to alleviate symptoms; I’m here to help you create lasting, positive changes in your life. I understand that every individual is unique. Counseling sessions are tailored to your specific needs, ensuring you receive the support and strategies that work best for you. I provide telehealth counseling throughout Virginia and in-person counseling in Roanoke, Virginia.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or stuck in life? I am here to guide you on your journey to emotional well-being and personal growth. The goal is not only to alleviate symptoms; I’m here to help you create lasting, positive changes in your life. I understand that every individual is unique. Counseling sessions are tailored to your specific needs, ensuring you receive the support and strategies that work best for you. I provide telehealth counseling throughout Virginia and in-person counseling in Roanoke, Virginia.
(540) 453-8278 View (540) 453-8278

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Holly Humphreys, Licensed Professional Counselor in Vinton, VA
Holly Humphreys
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Cave Spring, VA 24018
Holly Humphreys is a Registered Art Therapist (ATR) and a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) who works with individuals of all ages using art therapy as a means to attend to each individual’s specific needs. Holly has over 10 years of experience in providing art therapy to at-risk youth in juvenile detentions centers in Virginia. She also has 9 years of experience with providing behavior therapy to people who stutter. Holly completed her Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) at James Madison University and her Master of Science (MS) in Art Therapy at Eastern Virginia Medical School. She was born and raised in Roanoke, Virginia.
Holly Humphreys is a Registered Art Therapist (ATR) and a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) who works with individuals of all ages using art therapy as a means to attend to each individual’s specific needs. Holly has over 10 years of experience in providing art therapy to at-risk youth in juvenile detentions centers in Virginia. She also has 9 years of experience with providing behavior therapy to people who stutter. Holly completed her Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) at James Madison University and her Master of Science (MS) in Art Therapy at Eastern Virginia Medical School. She was born and raised in Roanoke, Virginia.
(540) 346-3017 View (540) 346-3017
Photo of Traketa Dillard, Licensed Professional Counselor in Vinton, VA
Traketa Dillard
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Roanoke, VA 24017
For the last 10 years, I have been working to help people like you experience positive change and navigate difficult times in their lives with support, guidance, and encouragement. My experience in community mental health is diverse, working with children, youth, and adults. I value personal connection, compassion, and honesty in therapeutic work and appreciate the opportunity to offer direction which brings awareness and clarity during therapy. As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I earned my Bachelor's Degree from Ferrum College and hold a Master's Degree in Mental Health Counseling from Capella University.
For the last 10 years, I have been working to help people like you experience positive change and navigate difficult times in their lives with support, guidance, and encouragement. My experience in community mental health is diverse, working with children, youth, and adults. I value personal connection, compassion, and honesty in therapeutic work and appreciate the opportunity to offer direction which brings awareness and clarity during therapy. As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I earned my Bachelor's Degree from Ferrum College and hold a Master's Degree in Mental Health Counseling from Capella University.
(540) 405-6770 View (540) 405-6770
Photo of Katrina Ross, Licensed Professional Counselor in Vinton, VA
Katrina Ross
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Roanoke, VA 24015
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life? Perhaps you find yourself experiencing depression, anxiety, or grief. Maybe your relationships or work life are not satisfying or you would like to know yourself better in order to live more fully. Do you have the desire to make changes in your life but do not know how to start or where to begin? I would like to work with you to identify and treat these problems and to build on your strengths.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life? Perhaps you find yourself experiencing depression, anxiety, or grief. Maybe your relationships or work life are not satisfying or you would like to know yourself better in order to live more fully. Do you have the desire to make changes in your life but do not know how to start or where to begin? I would like to work with you to identify and treat these problems and to build on your strengths.
(540) 642-1754 View (540) 642-1754
Photo of Chad Wills, Psychologist in Vinton, VA
Chad Wills
Psychologist, PsyD, LCP, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Roanoke, VA 24016
Not accepting new clients
I am focused on providing you with the best care possible. I am a doctoral level clinician and I enjoy applying what I have learned with a down to earth common sense style. I firmly believe in the power of hope. I am open to working with all people. I specialize in evaluation and treatment of ADHD, Autism, Bipolar, Anxiety, Depression, OCD, relationship issues, social issues, family therapy, parenting, grief and loss, as well as other common developmental concerns across the lifespan.
I am focused on providing you with the best care possible. I am a doctoral level clinician and I enjoy applying what I have learned with a down to earth common sense style. I firmly believe in the power of hope. I am open to working with all people. I specialize in evaluation and treatment of ADHD, Autism, Bipolar, Anxiety, Depression, OCD, relationship issues, social issues, family therapy, parenting, grief and loss, as well as other common developmental concerns across the lifespan.
(540) 251-0675 View (540) 251-0675
Photo of Holly McCloud, Marriage & Family Therapist in Vinton, VA
Holly McCloud
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CSAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Roanoke, VA 24018
Hello, I am currently accepting clients ages 3 and up. I have experience in a wide variety of mental health, and family issues. I would love to assist you in reaching your personal goals. I also offer Online Counseling if you prefer to stay in the comfort of your home. I am the owner of star city therapy services. We were recently awarded 2022 Best Mental Health Practice for Roanoke. We have a team of therapist who are eager to get you started on the path to a healthier you! www.starcitytherapyservices.org. I also provide Licensure supervision.
Hello, I am currently accepting clients ages 3 and up. I have experience in a wide variety of mental health, and family issues. I would love to assist you in reaching your personal goals. I also offer Online Counseling if you prefer to stay in the comfort of your home. I am the owner of star city therapy services. We were recently awarded 2022 Best Mental Health Practice for Roanoke. We have a team of therapist who are eager to get you started on the path to a healthier you! www.starcitytherapyservices.org. I also provide Licensure supervision.
(540) 518-0957 View (540) 518-0957
Photo of Bobbie Bennett, Resident in Counseling in Vinton, VA
Bobbie Bennett
Resident in Counseling, M ed
Verified Verified
Roanoke, VA 24019  (Online Only)
Greetings, I am glad you chose to read my profile. Hopefully from this point on, we can work towards a plan of renewal and recovery. My purpose is to assist clients in achieving holistic wellness through the use of Christian Counseling, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution-Focused Therapy and Person-Centered Therapy. These methods, coupled with self-will and determination, can be a valuable asset for developing an effective treatment plan.
Greetings, I am glad you chose to read my profile. Hopefully from this point on, we can work towards a plan of renewal and recovery. My purpose is to assist clients in achieving holistic wellness through the use of Christian Counseling, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution-Focused Therapy and Person-Centered Therapy. These methods, coupled with self-will and determination, can be a valuable asset for developing an effective treatment plan.
(540) 698-5702 View (540) 698-5702

See more therapy options for Vinton

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Vinton, VA

10+

Average cost per session

$100

Therapists in Vinton, VA who prioritize treating:

86% Depression
86% Anxiety
79% Trauma and PTSD
79% Coping Skills
71% Self Esteem
64% Relationship Issues
64% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

16 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

91% Anthem | Elevance
82% Aetna
82% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Vinton, VA see their clients

93% In Person and Online
7% Online Only

Gender breakdown

85% Female
15% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Vinton?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.