Therapists in College Station, TX

Photo of Bry Wetherell, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in College Station, TX
Bry Wetherell
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA, LPC-A
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
College Station, TX 77845
My approach to counseling is person-centered and integrative, meaning that I pull from different modalities to best meet the needs of my clients. I feel each client is unique in their experience, and want to be able to provide a safe, nurturing environment for them while using approaches that best fit their individual needs. Throughout the therapeutic process, I want my clients to know that I will walk alongside you in your journey to healing, not lead or steer you in a direction you are not comfortable going in yet.
My approach to counseling is person-centered and integrative, meaning that I pull from different modalities to best meet the needs of my clients. I feel each client is unique in their experience, and want to be able to provide a safe, nurturing environment for them while using approaches that best fit their individual needs. Throughout the therapeutic process, I want my clients to know that I will walk alongside you in your journey to healing, not lead or steer you in a direction you are not comfortable going in yet.
(979) 475-7565 View (979) 475-7565
Photo of Abbie Satterfield, Licensed Professional Counselor in College Station, TX
Abbie Satterfield
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC-S, NBCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
College Station, TX 77845
My approach to counseling is rooted in cognitive behavioral therapy incorporating aspects of interpersonal, relational, insight oriented and solution focused therapies. I work in partnership with a client to achieve the desired goals from counseling. I incorporate mindfulness and positive psychology in my work. I tend to give clients something between sessions that will keep progress moving and help them have ownership of their change process. Additionally, I am trained in Lifespan Integration, Level III, which is a gentle method to help resolve symptoms related to trauma, recent or past.
My approach to counseling is rooted in cognitive behavioral therapy incorporating aspects of interpersonal, relational, insight oriented and solution focused therapies. I work in partnership with a client to achieve the desired goals from counseling. I incorporate mindfulness and positive psychology in my work. I tend to give clients something between sessions that will keep progress moving and help them have ownership of their change process. Additionally, I am trained in Lifespan Integration, Level III, which is a gentle method to help resolve symptoms related to trauma, recent or past.
(979) 310-4623 View (979) 310-4623
Photo of Mandy Weidenheft, Licensed Professional Counselor in College Station, TX
Mandy Weidenheft
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
College Station, TX 77845
Do you feel overwhelmed, numb, or like you're just getting by? Are there things in your life that impact you but you don't feel like you have the tools to handle? I understand, and you're not alone. I believe in providing a safe space for my clients, allowing them to share their concerns while offering practical tools for positive change. Rather than focusing on isolated issues, I prefers to examine the whole picture, diving into different aspects of my clients’ lives. By addressing what might be hurting or holding my clients back, I foster a supportive environment for healing and growth.
Do you feel overwhelmed, numb, or like you're just getting by? Are there things in your life that impact you but you don't feel like you have the tools to handle? I understand, and you're not alone. I believe in providing a safe space for my clients, allowing them to share their concerns while offering practical tools for positive change. Rather than focusing on isolated issues, I prefers to examine the whole picture, diving into different aspects of my clients’ lives. By addressing what might be hurting or holding my clients back, I foster a supportive environment for healing and growth.
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Photo of Dr. Michael Russell, Licensed Professional Counselor in College Station, TX
Dr. Michael Russell
Licensed Professional Counselor, DMin, LPC-S
Verified Verified
College Station, TX 77845
I've been in practice for more than 35 years, the last three decades in the Bryan/College Station area. I work with individuals, couples, and families on a variety of issues. I have extensive experience in treating depression, anxiety, personality disorders, marital issues, anger, stress management, and parent-child relationships. I am available for office sessions as well as phone and online counseling.
I've been in practice for more than 35 years, the last three decades in the Bryan/College Station area. I work with individuals, couples, and families on a variety of issues. I have extensive experience in treating depression, anxiety, personality disorders, marital issues, anger, stress management, and parent-child relationships. I am available for office sessions as well as phone and online counseling.
(979) 450-1210 View (979) 450-1210
Photo of Oakwood Roots in College Station, TX
Oakwood Roots
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
College Station, TX 77845
Finding a therapist is often really difficult in the Brazos Valley. Oakwood Roots works to be responsive to new clients. With over 20 clinicians on staff, from students who offer low fee counseling to our associates and licensed clinicians with more experience and specializations, Roots wants to be here to help. We see kids, teens, college students, adults, couples, and families, and we regularly offer low-fee groups and workshops for folks that are looking to supplement their individual therapy or for folks who just want to grow a little with others from the community.
Finding a therapist is often really difficult in the Brazos Valley. Oakwood Roots works to be responsive to new clients. With over 20 clinicians on staff, from students who offer low fee counseling to our associates and licensed clinicians with more experience and specializations, Roots wants to be here to help. We see kids, teens, college students, adults, couples, and families, and we regularly offer low-fee groups and workshops for folks that are looking to supplement their individual therapy or for folks who just want to grow a little with others from the community.
(979) 428-8994 View (979) 428-8994
Photo of Vanessa Faulkner, Licensed Professional Counselor in College Station, TX
Vanessa Faulkner
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
College Station, TX 77840  (Online Only)
Vanessa Faulkner is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with over 3 years of clinical experience. She specializes in depression, anxiety, grief, childhood trauma, attachment issues, domestic violence, PTSD, and much more.
Vanessa Faulkner is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with over 3 years of clinical experience. She specializes in depression, anxiety, grief, childhood trauma, attachment issues, domestic violence, PTSD, and much more.
(979) 271-6059 View (979) 271-6059
Photo of Melissa Silva, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in College Station, TX
Melissa Silva
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA, LPC-A
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
College Station, TX 77845
I believe in the power of collaboration and view counseling as a partnership, where we work together to explore your concerns, uncover underlying patterns, and develop practical strategies to foster meaningful change. I specialize in working with individuals who are navigating life transitions, experiencing relationship issues, managing stress and anxiety, coping with trauma, and seeking personal development. Whether you're facing challenges in your career, relationships, or overall well-being, I am here to support you in cultivating greater self-awareness, resilience, and fulfillment.
I believe in the power of collaboration and view counseling as a partnership, where we work together to explore your concerns, uncover underlying patterns, and develop practical strategies to foster meaningful change. I specialize in working with individuals who are navigating life transitions, experiencing relationship issues, managing stress and anxiety, coping with trauma, and seeking personal development. Whether you're facing challenges in your career, relationships, or overall well-being, I am here to support you in cultivating greater self-awareness, resilience, and fulfillment.
(979) 406-7758 View (979) 406-7758
Photo of Louise Bonneau, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in College Station, TX
Louise Bonneau
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
College Station, TX 77845
Hi! I’m Louise. If you wake up feeling overwhelmed and dreading the day because your thoughts won’t stop racing, I can help! If you have a list of twenty things to do and getting out of bed feels like a major accomplishment, I can help! If you are a busy college student overwhelmed by the numerous demands of college life: classes, homework, drama with friends, I can help! If you are dealing with a major adjustment such as a loss that turned your life upside down: the loss of a loved one, loss of physical abilities or another big challenge, I can help! Are you looking for someone who is direct and plan oriented? That's me!
Hi! I’m Louise. If you wake up feeling overwhelmed and dreading the day because your thoughts won’t stop racing, I can help! If you have a list of twenty things to do and getting out of bed feels like a major accomplishment, I can help! If you are a busy college student overwhelmed by the numerous demands of college life: classes, homework, drama with friends, I can help! If you are dealing with a major adjustment such as a loss that turned your life upside down: the loss of a loved one, loss of physical abilities or another big challenge, I can help! Are you looking for someone who is direct and plan oriented? That's me!
(979) 353-2488 View (979) 353-2488
Photo of Jessica Davalos Walsh, Marriage & Family Therapist in College Station, TX
Jessica Davalos Walsh
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, LPC
Verified Verified
College Station, TX 77845
Jessica Walsh is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and Licensed Professional Counselor. She has a Bachelor of Science in Psychology from Texas A&M University, a Bachelor of Science in Education from Kansas State University, and a Master of Science degree in Marriage and Family Therapy from Kansas State University. She has lived and worked in the Bryan/College Station area for over 20 years. She enjoys helping individuals (ages five through adulthood), couples, and families reach their goals, helping them understand their situations and helping them create paths to healing. Working with teenagers is her specialty.
Jessica Walsh is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and Licensed Professional Counselor. She has a Bachelor of Science in Psychology from Texas A&M University, a Bachelor of Science in Education from Kansas State University, and a Master of Science degree in Marriage and Family Therapy from Kansas State University. She has lived and worked in the Bryan/College Station area for over 20 years. She enjoys helping individuals (ages five through adulthood), couples, and families reach their goals, helping them understand their situations and helping them create paths to healing. Working with teenagers is her specialty.
(979) 426-7628 View (979) 426-7628
Photo of Connor Saye, LPC Intern in College Station, TX
Connor Saye
LPC Intern, MA, LPC-A
Verified Verified
College Station, TX 77845
If you are reading this then you have made a huge step on your path to healing and help. I am here to walk with you along that path providing comforting, challenging and helpful tools as we learn more about what you are going through. Once we identify the darkness of the past, you can then take steps now into truth and love as you live out your life as you were meant to, full of hope and peace.
If you are reading this then you have made a huge step on your path to healing and help. I am here to walk with you along that path providing comforting, challenging and helpful tools as we learn more about what you are going through. Once we identify the darkness of the past, you can then take steps now into truth and love as you live out your life as you were meant to, full of hope and peace.
(979) 473-6548 View (979) 473-6548
Photo of Dr. Sophia Tani, Psychologist in College Station, TX
Dr. Sophia Tani
Psychologist, PhD, ABPP, LSSP, NCSP
Verified Verified
College Station, TX 77845
To request a new client appointment, please go to My Website and find the 'Request Appointment' button. I provide treatment/therapy as well as formal evaluations for concerns including anxiety, depression, and difficulties related to neurological differences such as autism spectrum disorder and ADHD. I specialize in work with children, adolescents, and young adults. In addition to working with young people individually, I enjoy working with their families to promote positive interaction in a manner that nurtures the parent-child relationship, supports socio-emotional wellbeing and more effectively manages the behavior concerns.
To request a new client appointment, please go to My Website and find the 'Request Appointment' button. I provide treatment/therapy as well as formal evaluations for concerns including anxiety, depression, and difficulties related to neurological differences such as autism spectrum disorder and ADHD. I specialize in work with children, adolescents, and young adults. In addition to working with young people individually, I enjoy working with their families to promote positive interaction in a manner that nurtures the parent-child relationship, supports socio-emotional wellbeing and more effectively manages the behavior concerns.
Photo of Amy Elizabeth Sullivan, Licensed Professional Counselor in College Station, TX
Amy Elizabeth Sullivan
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
College Station, TX 77845
You deserve to feel seen and heard. I want my office to be a safe space for all of my clients. A place where you can be yourself and have a non-judgmental place to process whatever is going on in your life. I have extensive experience working with clients with trauma, eating disorders, depression, and anxiety. I have also worked with many clients coming out of abusive relationships. Being able to see my clients break out of the cycles they are stuck in and realize that they deserve better, is one of the greatest gifts.
You deserve to feel seen and heard. I want my office to be a safe space for all of my clients. A place where you can be yourself and have a non-judgmental place to process whatever is going on in your life. I have extensive experience working with clients with trauma, eating disorders, depression, and anxiety. I have also worked with many clients coming out of abusive relationships. Being able to see my clients break out of the cycles they are stuck in and realize that they deserve better, is one of the greatest gifts.
(979) 202-0402 View (979) 202-0402
Photo of Garret Glass, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in College Station, TX
Garret Glass
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LMFT-A
Verified Verified
College Station, TX 77845
I believe therapy is all about helping people and relationships becoming the best version of themselves. I do this by leading people to self-acceptance and helping individuals, couples, and families name and make the changes they want for themselves and their lives. I believe you aren't truly stuck the way you are; getting help is a courageous step that changes your life. I am happy to work with individuals, couples, and families of all ages, backgrounds, and life circumstances, whether you’re dealing with relational troubles, anxiety, depression, having trouble with life's stresses, or merely wanting to make a change.
I believe therapy is all about helping people and relationships becoming the best version of themselves. I do this by leading people to self-acceptance and helping individuals, couples, and families name and make the changes they want for themselves and their lives. I believe you aren't truly stuck the way you are; getting help is a courageous step that changes your life. I am happy to work with individuals, couples, and families of all ages, backgrounds, and life circumstances, whether you’re dealing with relational troubles, anxiety, depression, having trouble with life's stresses, or merely wanting to make a change.
(979) 451-6731 View (979) 451-6731
Photo of Laura M Preston, Pre-Licensed Professional in College Station, TX
Laura M Preston
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
College Station, TX 77845
Having walked through a long journey of chronic illness with several members of my family, I understand grief and trauma on a personal level. I find value in helping clients examine themselves holistically (mind, body, spirit, emotions) to determine their next steps toward healing. I especially enjoy helping clients process any trauma or PTSD that is keeping them from moving forward in their lives.
Having walked through a long journey of chronic illness with several members of my family, I understand grief and trauma on a personal level. I find value in helping clients examine themselves holistically (mind, body, spirit, emotions) to determine their next steps toward healing. I especially enjoy helping clients process any trauma or PTSD that is keeping them from moving forward in their lives.
(979) 464-4590 View (979) 464-4590
Photo of Resilient Mind Counseling and EMDR Services, Licensed Professional Counselor in College Station, TX
Resilient Mind Counseling and EMDR Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
College Station, TX 77845
Joy has experience working with anxiety, trauma, complex trauma, ADHD, depression, life transitions, and relationship issues. She enjoys working with women, men, and adolescents and their parents. Joy works under the supervision of Rachel Vines, MA LPC-S license 65196.
Joy has experience working with anxiety, trauma, complex trauma, ADHD, depression, life transitions, and relationship issues. She enjoys working with women, men, and adolescents and their parents. Joy works under the supervision of Rachel Vines, MA LPC-S license 65196.
(979) 493-5822 View (979) 493-5822
Photo of Mariah Spengler, Licensed Professional Counselor in College Station, TX
Mariah Spengler
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, MEd, PhD, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
College Station, TX 77845
Life is full of transitions and sometimes we need help navigating our journey. Sometimes we need a safe nonjudgmental space to explore and work through our concerns, feelings or life issues. Sometimes we just need a quick affirmation that we are on the right path and other times we need help finding the way. My goal is to provide a space where every individual and couple feels heard, accepted and encouraged. I want to provide a personalized approach that helps empower you to have insight, make changes, overcome your life's obstacles and find balance in your life -mind, body and spirit.
Life is full of transitions and sometimes we need help navigating our journey. Sometimes we need a safe nonjudgmental space to explore and work through our concerns, feelings or life issues. Sometimes we just need a quick affirmation that we are on the right path and other times we need help finding the way. My goal is to provide a space where every individual and couple feels heard, accepted and encouraged. I want to provide a personalized approach that helps empower you to have insight, make changes, overcome your life's obstacles and find balance in your life -mind, body and spirit.
(979) 399-8988 View (979) 399-8988
Photo of Shelly Coufal, Licensed Professional Counselor in College Station, TX
Shelly Coufal
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
College Station, TX 77845
“Life can take you where you least expect it to, and it can throw you for a loop. One of the hardest things to do, is to reach out and ask for help, but it is also the most courageous thing to do. As a therapist, I work collaboratively with people to develop a life plan that will promote their life satisfaction. I believe each individual is unique and it is important to develop a safe therapeutic relationship to work together on your desired life goals" Shelly Coufal, MA, LPC, NCC
“Life can take you where you least expect it to, and it can throw you for a loop. One of the hardest things to do, is to reach out and ask for help, but it is also the most courageous thing to do. As a therapist, I work collaboratively with people to develop a life plan that will promote their life satisfaction. I believe each individual is unique and it is important to develop a safe therapeutic relationship to work together on your desired life goals" Shelly Coufal, MA, LPC, NCC
(936) 247-1033 View (936) 247-1033
Photo of Belinda Valenzuela, Licensed Professional Counselor in College Station, TX
Belinda Valenzuela
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
College Station, TX 77840
Waitlist for new clients
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor, providing services from Austin, Texas to Bryan, College Station, Texas. I have diverse experience, including children, couples, families, group, anger management, etc. My approach is multi-modal, because I do not believe in a "one-size-fits-all," so I very much try to adjust accordingly to each client I encounter, and if I do not have what is needed, I have cast a wide network in order to refer to appropriate parties. My primary populations have been people experiencing symptoms of anxiety, depression, grief, and phase of life. What matters most to me is providing a safe space for my clients.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor, providing services from Austin, Texas to Bryan, College Station, Texas. I have diverse experience, including children, couples, families, group, anger management, etc. My approach is multi-modal, because I do not believe in a "one-size-fits-all," so I very much try to adjust accordingly to each client I encounter, and if I do not have what is needed, I have cast a wide network in order to refer to appropriate parties. My primary populations have been people experiencing symptoms of anxiety, depression, grief, and phase of life. What matters most to me is providing a safe space for my clients.
(979) 710-7824 View (979) 710-7824
Photo of Live Better Micro Current Neurofeedback, Licensed Professional Counselor in College Station, TX
Live Better Micro Current Neurofeedback
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
College Station, TX 77840
Do you feel stuck? Stuck in the same patterns of thinking, the same unhealthy habits, the same feelings of worry, distraction, anxiety, and depression. Do you wish there was a natural, non-invasive solution that could help you regain control over your life? Let me introduce you to the groundbreaking world of Micro Current Neurofeedback (MCN). MCN is a scientifically proven system that allows your brain to create new patterns and responses to triggers and stressors. It's not just any therapy; it's a transformative experience that retrains your brain's electrical activity, helping you reset your brain and regulate your nervous system.
Do you feel stuck? Stuck in the same patterns of thinking, the same unhealthy habits, the same feelings of worry, distraction, anxiety, and depression. Do you wish there was a natural, non-invasive solution that could help you regain control over your life? Let me introduce you to the groundbreaking world of Micro Current Neurofeedback (MCN). MCN is a scientifically proven system that allows your brain to create new patterns and responses to triggers and stressors. It's not just any therapy; it's a transformative experience that retrains your brain's electrical activity, helping you reset your brain and regulate your nervous system.
(979) 271-5299 View (979) 271-5299
Photo of Jason Adams, Licensed Professional Counselor in College Station, TX
Jason Adams
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
College Station, TX 77845
As the parent of a struggling teen, you often find yourself wondering what you can do to help them feel better. You feel like you've tried everything, but nothing seems to be working--at least not for long. No matter what you do, you just can't seem to reach them. Their personality has changed, and sometimes you worry that things could get worse. You know they have so much potential, but where did it go? Reaching out to a therapist can be scary because you want someone who can truly connect with your teen, and you want someone who will keep you informed on their progress.
As the parent of a struggling teen, you often find yourself wondering what you can do to help them feel better. You feel like you've tried everything, but nothing seems to be working--at least not for long. No matter what you do, you just can't seem to reach them. Their personality has changed, and sometimes you worry that things could get worse. You know they have so much potential, but where did it go? Reaching out to a therapist can be scary because you want someone who can truly connect with your teen, and you want someone who will keep you informed on their progress.
(979) 269-7582 View (979) 269-7582

See more therapy options for College Station

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in College Station, TX

100+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in College Station, TX who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
86% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
75% Stress
72% Coping Skills
72% Self Esteem
64% Grief

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% BlueCross and BlueShield
76% Aetna
67% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in College Station, TX see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
18% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in College Station?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.