Therapists in Grand Rapids, MI

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Photo of Meghan Beeks Davis, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Meghan Beeks Davis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49505
I believe that everyone strives to do the best they can, but sometimes you just don't have the tools or motivation to get to where you want to be. I’m glad that you’re brave enough to take the first step! I’m here to help clients discover and use their strengths to navigate through life’s challenges. My goal is to provide a confidential environment where clients can process current life circumstances, explore new coping skills and meet their goals.
I believe that everyone strives to do the best they can, but sometimes you just don't have the tools or motivation to get to where you want to be. I’m glad that you’re brave enough to take the first step! I’m here to help clients discover and use their strengths to navigate through life’s challenges. My goal is to provide a confidential environment where clients can process current life circumstances, explore new coping skills and meet their goals.
(616) 545-8140 View (616) 545-8140
Photo of Lynn Hecht Siegel, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lynn Hecht Siegel
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49525
Not accepting new clients
I truly enjoy partnering with adults to help them identify and achieve goals to improve their mental and physical health, and ultimately, their quality of life. I believe all people are unique, have an important life story, and deserve a counseling experiences that addresses their unique needs. As human beings, we often become trapped in doing, thinking, and feeling the same things over and over, without being aware of it, and wonder why we aren't making any progress in our jobs, relationships, health, and emotional well-being. How can we break out of this cycle?
I truly enjoy partnering with adults to help them identify and achieve goals to improve their mental and physical health, and ultimately, their quality of life. I believe all people are unique, have an important life story, and deserve a counseling experiences that addresses their unique needs. As human beings, we often become trapped in doing, thinking, and feeling the same things over and over, without being aware of it, and wonder why we aren't making any progress in our jobs, relationships, health, and emotional well-being. How can we break out of this cycle?
(616) 952-2013 View (616) 952-2013
Photo of Kurt Visker, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kurt Visker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
Our many experiences in life shape the way we think about ourselves and the world around us. We use these shaped thoughts to make decisions and form relationships. Many times they are healthy rational thoughts, but at times we fall into an unhealthy irrational pattern that can create chaos in our lives. My role as a therapist is to help you increase your awareness and sort out the chaos. I enjoy building strong therapeutic relationships founded on empathy and respect that shapes a safe environment. Join me in a conversation that will walk you down a path of self discovery.
Our many experiences in life shape the way we think about ourselves and the world around us. We use these shaped thoughts to make decisions and form relationships. Many times they are healthy rational thoughts, but at times we fall into an unhealthy irrational pattern that can create chaos in our lives. My role as a therapist is to help you increase your awareness and sort out the chaos. I enjoy building strong therapeutic relationships founded on empathy and respect that shapes a safe environment. Join me in a conversation that will walk you down a path of self discovery.
(616) 449-2086 View (616) 449-2086
Photo of Tacia Knoper, MS, LPC, Counselor
Tacia Knoper
Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49503
I understand that starting the therapy process can be daunting. Finding the right person to meet with, knowing what you want to work on and finding a way to explain it to another person takes courage and determination. I hope to provide a safe and supportive environment for you to explore what is getting in your way and how to develop the tools for you to move forward.
I understand that starting the therapy process can be daunting. Finding the right person to meet with, knowing what you want to work on and finding a way to explain it to another person takes courage and determination. I hope to provide a safe and supportive environment for you to explore what is getting in your way and how to develop the tools for you to move forward.
(616) 594-0986 View (616) 594-0986
Photo of Maggie Travin, MA, LLP, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Maggie Travin
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LLP, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49546  (Online Only)
Since 2008 I have dedicated my career to working in the mental health field. I have worked in private practice, hospital-based counseling, case management, community resource management, and clinical research. My goal is to assist you with the stressors of life, both inevitable and unexpected. I provide evidence-based therapeutic intervention that meets you where you are. I believe that therapy is a collaborative process, and that you can heal with the right amount of support, safety, and trust in your therapist.
Since 2008 I have dedicated my career to working in the mental health field. I have worked in private practice, hospital-based counseling, case management, community resource management, and clinical research. My goal is to assist you with the stressors of life, both inevitable and unexpected. I provide evidence-based therapeutic intervention that meets you where you are. I believe that therapy is a collaborative process, and that you can heal with the right amount of support, safety, and trust in your therapist.
(616) 310-5043 View (616) 310-5043
Photo of Alayna Zielinski, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alayna Zielinski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49503
Hi! I am happy that you're here. Self improvement is hard work but you don’t have to do it alone. If you're feeling bothered or hopeless by things that you have no control over and are struggling with acceptance, or if you’re feeling depressed or anxious, I am here to help. Dealing with any degree of mental health struggle causes trauma to our brains and bodies. That is why I always encourage and model self compassion and understanding, and why I encourage my clients to challenge their core beliefs if they are hard on themselves. We are our own worst critics as the saying goes, but it doesn’t have to be.
Hi! I am happy that you're here. Self improvement is hard work but you don’t have to do it alone. If you're feeling bothered or hopeless by things that you have no control over and are struggling with acceptance, or if you’re feeling depressed or anxious, I am here to help. Dealing with any degree of mental health struggle causes trauma to our brains and bodies. That is why I always encourage and model self compassion and understanding, and why I encourage my clients to challenge their core beliefs if they are hard on themselves. We are our own worst critics as the saying goes, but it doesn’t have to be.
(616) 344-5291 View (616) 344-5291
Photo of Erin Sweeney, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erin Sweeney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
"What we don't let out traps us. We think, 'No one else feels this way, I must be crazy.' So we don't say anything. And we become enveloped by a deep loneliness." -- Sabrina Ward Harrison. Erin offers space to let out what might be trapping you. We all carry a lot and do not need to do so alone. Shame binds and keeps us from being fully ourselves and fully alive. Erin can help to release shame, to let grace in, and to start walking in freedom. She can help you to rewrite the narratives holding you back.
"What we don't let out traps us. We think, 'No one else feels this way, I must be crazy.' So we don't say anything. And we become enveloped by a deep loneliness." -- Sabrina Ward Harrison. Erin offers space to let out what might be trapping you. We all carry a lot and do not need to do so alone. Shame binds and keeps us from being fully ourselves and fully alive. Erin can help to release shame, to let grace in, and to start walking in freedom. She can help you to rewrite the narratives holding you back.
(616) 577-8880 View (616) 577-8880
Photo of Sean Edward Burns, MA, LLP, CAADC, SAP, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Sean Edward Burns
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, LLP, CAADC, SAP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
Sean is a psychotherapist who has been practicing since 1998. He has experience providing psychotherapy services for children, adolescents, adults, couples, and families. He is trained in Trauma Model Therapy through the Ross Institute and is also certified in EMDR. Mr. Burns is a Certified Advanced Alcohol and Drug Counselor. He works with his clients to come up with a practical yet comprehensive treatment plan. If you are unsure about setting up that first appointment and just want to talk things over, Sean would be happy to speak with you over the phone.
Sean is a psychotherapist who has been practicing since 1998. He has experience providing psychotherapy services for children, adolescents, adults, couples, and families. He is trained in Trauma Model Therapy through the Ross Institute and is also certified in EMDR. Mr. Burns is a Certified Advanced Alcohol and Drug Counselor. He works with his clients to come up with a practical yet comprehensive treatment plan. If you are unsure about setting up that first appointment and just want to talk things over, Sean would be happy to speak with you over the phone.
(616) 678-2045 View (616) 678-2045
Photo of Bethany VanderSluis-Johnston, LMSW, RYT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Bethany VanderSluis-Johnston
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, RYT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49503
I have openings for in person and telehealth appointments. Have you experienced a trauma, loss, or major life transition; you may have feelings of deep sadness, anger, or disconnection. You may also be experiencing racing thoughts, nervousness, irritability, or trouble sleeping. These feelings and experiences are difficult, and you may be wondering if these feelings will ever lift. Through therapy you can find hope, healing, perspective, and support. Together we will find answers to your questions and build your resilience, capacity, and strength.
I have openings for in person and telehealth appointments. Have you experienced a trauma, loss, or major life transition; you may have feelings of deep sadness, anger, or disconnection. You may also be experiencing racing thoughts, nervousness, irritability, or trouble sleeping. These feelings and experiences are difficult, and you may be wondering if these feelings will ever lift. Through therapy you can find hope, healing, perspective, and support. Together we will find answers to your questions and build your resilience, capacity, and strength.
(616) 326-3288 View (616) 326-3288
Photo of Rachael Freedman, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachael Freedman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49525  (Online Only)
You are the most important person in your life. We often don’t hear or say this enough, and this is the heart of the space we’ll create working together. What stressors are you hoping to work through? Therapy together will be non-judgmental and safe so we can honor your every experience. My approach to therapy is person-centered since effective therapy is unique to each person, and your goals and values will be the framework we build upon.
You are the most important person in your life. We often don’t hear or say this enough, and this is the heart of the space we’ll create working together. What stressors are you hoping to work through? Therapy together will be non-judgmental and safe so we can honor your every experience. My approach to therapy is person-centered since effective therapy is unique to each person, and your goals and values will be the framework we build upon.
(734) 807-3216 View (734) 807-3216
Photo of Jamie Castillo, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jamie Castillo
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
Jamie Castillo is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Michigan who has been practicing since 2013. Jamie has experience working with people managing stress and anxiety, career difficulties, and coping with life changes. She also has experience working with compassion fatigue across various professions. Jamie believes in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. She will tailor your conversations and treatment plan goals to meet your unique and situational needs. Jamie can offer clients a humanistic approach to confronting and changing challenging behaviors.
Jamie Castillo is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Michigan who has been practicing since 2013. Jamie has experience working with people managing stress and anxiety, career difficulties, and coping with life changes. She also has experience working with compassion fatigue across various professions. Jamie believes in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. She will tailor your conversations and treatment plan goals to meet your unique and situational needs. Jamie can offer clients a humanistic approach to confronting and changing challenging behaviors.
(616) 213-0877 View (616) 213-0877
Photo of Kathryn L Barcelona, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kathryn L Barcelona
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
Waitlist for new clients
Asking for help can be hard. Working through basic life issues can be hard too. But working through them with someone you trust can shed a little hope on life’s more difficult days. The amount of people seeking mental health services has been steadily increasing as the stigma surrounding asking for help slowly fades away. There is no shame in asking for help; it could change your life for the better.
Asking for help can be hard. Working through basic life issues can be hard too. But working through them with someone you trust can shed a little hope on life’s more difficult days. The amount of people seeking mental health services has been steadily increasing as the stigma surrounding asking for help slowly fades away. There is no shame in asking for help; it could change your life for the better.
(616) 209-0310 View (616) 209-0310
Photo of Julie Buttelwerth, MSSA, LLMSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Julie Buttelwerth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, LLMSW-C
Not Verified Not Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49503
Not accepting new clients
"Shame dies when stories are told in safe places." This quote, beautifully stated by Ann Voskamp, couldn't be more true. I believe in creating a safe & trusting environment for my clients to ensure every individual's unique experiences can be shared in a space designed to engender comfort, acceptance, & respect. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I have extensive training & experience working with those who have traumas in their life & are struggling to move forward. Whether dealing with past trauma, the stressors of life, grief, or challenging relationships, I am here to listen, & I am here to help.
"Shame dies when stories are told in safe places." This quote, beautifully stated by Ann Voskamp, couldn't be more true. I believe in creating a safe & trusting environment for my clients to ensure every individual's unique experiences can be shared in a space designed to engender comfort, acceptance, & respect. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I have extensive training & experience working with those who have traumas in their life & are struggling to move forward. Whether dealing with past trauma, the stressors of life, grief, or challenging relationships, I am here to listen, & I am here to help.
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Photo of Stephanie West, LPC, Counselor
Stephanie West
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49506
Identity formation, anxiety reduction, and skill building. I work primarily with young adults, women going through life transitions, and women constructing and reconstructing their faith
Identity formation, anxiety reduction, and skill building. I work primarily with young adults, women going through life transitions, and women constructing and reconstructing their faith
(616) 303-4693 View (616) 303-4693
Photo of Linh Tran, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Linh Tran
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49503  (Online Only)
We live in a world of constant change. My goal as a therapist is to help you prepare for, embrace, and navigate change in its many forms. Whether you’re graduating from high school, dealing with work stress, preparing for marriage, or navigating conflict in relationships, I can help! As an immigrant, my lived experience is an important part of my approach to therapy. I love working with diverse populations because, like you, I have experienced the ups and downs of life. I understand the frustration of being misunderstood, the pain of being othered, and the realities of “being different.”
We live in a world of constant change. My goal as a therapist is to help you prepare for, embrace, and navigate change in its many forms. Whether you’re graduating from high school, dealing with work stress, preparing for marriage, or navigating conflict in relationships, I can help! As an immigrant, my lived experience is an important part of my approach to therapy. I love working with diverse populations because, like you, I have experienced the ups and downs of life. I understand the frustration of being misunderstood, the pain of being othered, and the realities of “being different.”
(616) 326-3897 View (616) 326-3897
Photo of Amanda Brygal, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amanda Brygal
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
Amanda Brygal is a Limited Licensed Masters Social Worker in Michigan who has been practicing since 2019. She received her Associates degree in Applied Sciences for Medical Assisting from Baker College in 2008. Next, she decided to go through Walden University for her next two degrees. She received her Bachelor's degree in Psychology in 2013 and her Master's degree of Social Work in 2019. Amanda is passionate about helping those who need guidance and support through their mental health journey. She is empathetic and has her own experience which allows more insight into how her client may be feeling.
Amanda Brygal is a Limited Licensed Masters Social Worker in Michigan who has been practicing since 2019. She received her Associates degree in Applied Sciences for Medical Assisting from Baker College in 2008. Next, she decided to go through Walden University for her next two degrees. She received her Bachelor's degree in Psychology in 2013 and her Master's degree of Social Work in 2019. Amanda is passionate about helping those who need guidance and support through their mental health journey. She is empathetic and has her own experience which allows more insight into how her client may be feeling.
(616) 345-4178 View (616) 345-4178
Photo of Cait Waller, MA, LLPC, Counselor
Cait Waller
Counselor, MA, LLPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
Not accepting new clients
Hi, I'm Cait, a queer nonbinary counselor. I'm offering help to those who are feeling like they want to get to the root of some of the issues they are experiencing. Life is a difficult experience and I want to provide a space where you feel safe and comfortable enough to talk through the aspects of life that are challenging for you individually. Talking with a mental health specialist in an authentic and honest way can help you realize aspects about yourself, and in turn, help you see yourself more congruently. I will work to create that space for you so you can heal from past trauma and lead your life in a more grounded way.
Hi, I'm Cait, a queer nonbinary counselor. I'm offering help to those who are feeling like they want to get to the root of some of the issues they are experiencing. Life is a difficult experience and I want to provide a space where you feel safe and comfortable enough to talk through the aspects of life that are challenging for you individually. Talking with a mental health specialist in an authentic and honest way can help you realize aspects about yourself, and in turn, help you see yourself more congruently. I will work to create that space for you so you can heal from past trauma and lead your life in a more grounded way.
(616) 208-5536 View (616) 208-5536
Photo of Stacey Williamson Nichols, LMSW, CAADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stacey Williamson Nichols
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CAADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49525  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My clients come to me when they are tired of living in emotional pain.  This pain may have lead them to not like themselves, feel alone, and worried and depressed.  They may feel like they have no control or have lost the control that they used to have.  They feel stuck or like they don't belong.  My clients leave with a sense of freedom and empowerment. They understand their value/worth and like themselves. They feel like they are ready to choose what comes next in life. They have hope. Clients have told me "I feel safe now", "I never knew I could feel this good", "I actually like myself now. I didn't know I could".
My clients come to me when they are tired of living in emotional pain.  This pain may have lead them to not like themselves, feel alone, and worried and depressed.  They may feel like they have no control or have lost the control that they used to have.  They feel stuck or like they don't belong.  My clients leave with a sense of freedom and empowerment. They understand their value/worth and like themselves. They feel like they are ready to choose what comes next in life. They have hope. Clients have told me "I feel safe now", "I never knew I could feel this good", "I actually like myself now. I didn't know I could".
(616) 426-2328 View (616) 426-2328
Photo of Amy L Jarchow, PhD, Psychologist
Amy L Jarchow
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
Are you feeling overwhelmed, depressed, or anxious? Having a hard time communicating effectively with others? Making the decision to seek professional help is a difficult task. I am hoping that this information helps you in making that decision. I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist and have worked in private practice since earning my PhD in 2004. I enjoy my job immensely and I work diligently to provide a comfortable, open environment for my clients with an emphasis on collaboration. We will work together to try to reach your goals so you can ultimately enjoy a better quality of life.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, depressed, or anxious? Having a hard time communicating effectively with others? Making the decision to seek professional help is a difficult task. I am hoping that this information helps you in making that decision. I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist and have worked in private practice since earning my PhD in 2004. I enjoy my job immensely and I work diligently to provide a comfortable, open environment for my clients with an emphasis on collaboration. We will work together to try to reach your goals so you can ultimately enjoy a better quality of life.
(616) 458-0692 View (616) 458-0692
Photo of Jeremey A. Wilder, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jeremey A. Wilder
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49506
Now scheduling in-person sessions in Grand Rapids, as well as virtual sessions. I believe people have the ability to make significant changes to improve their quality of life. My personal experience with parenting, marriage, grief, and caregiving inform my approach to helping people heal and grow through, and beyond their own challenges.
Now scheduling in-person sessions in Grand Rapids, as well as virtual sessions. I believe people have the ability to make significant changes to improve their quality of life. My personal experience with parenting, marriage, grief, and caregiving inform my approach to helping people heal and grow through, and beyond their own challenges.
(616) 236-5769 View (616) 236-5769

See more therapy options for Grand Rapids

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Grand Rapids, MI

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Grand Rapids, MI who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
89% Depression
77% Self Esteem
76% Relationship Issues
73% Trauma and PTSD
72% Coping Skills
70% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
69% Priority Health
64% Aetna

How Therapists in Grand Rapids, MI see their clients

72% In Person and Online
28% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Grand Rapids?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.