Psychiatrists in Van Nuys, CA
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Check out psychiatrists located nearby or offering teletherapy in California below.More Psychiatrists Nearby
Mottsin Thomas
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90025 (Online Only)
Our providers offer medication management, various modalities of therapy (CBT and EMDR), and telepsychiatry appointments.
ACCEPTING NEW PATIENTS-Bonmente knows asking for help is not an easy thing to do. We also know that finding a provider you trust to help you navigate mental health care can be a challenge. That's why we're here and we're doing things differently. As a patient at Bonmente, you enjoy comprehensive treatments customized specifically for your unique circumstances, convenient telemedicine appointments that allow you to see your provider from the comfort of home, an online patient portal that lets you communicate directly with your provider, and a highly trained support team that makes becoming a patient as simple as it should be.
Our providers offer medication management, various modalities of therapy (CBT and EMDR), and telepsychiatry appointments.
ACCEPTING NEW PATIENTS-Bonmente knows asking for help is not an easy thing to do. We also know that finding a provider you trust to help you navigate mental health care can be a challenge. That's why we're here and we're doing things differently. As a patient at Bonmente, you enjoy comprehensive treatments customized specifically for your unique circumstances, convenient telemedicine appointments that allow you to see your provider from the comfort of home, an online patient portal that lets you communicate directly with your provider, and a highly trained support team that makes becoming a patient as simple as it should be.
Jacob Moussai
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Beverly Hills, CA 90212
My approach includes evidence-based psychotherapy such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to address issues of depression and anxiety.
Do you suffer from anxiety, depression, ADHD or low self-esteem? Are you stuck in an unwanted repetitive pattern or struggling to find a healthy relationship? I will work with you to shift gears and overcome the obstacles which are holding you back. I use the appropriate treatment for your needs, i.e. psychotherapy and/or medications. I am a board-certified psychiatrist who completed my training at Yale School of Medicine. I provide a comprehensive evaluation using an integrated approach to care, and build on your strengths.
My approach includes evidence-based psychotherapy such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to address issues of depression and anxiety.
Do you suffer from anxiety, depression, ADHD or low self-esteem? Are you stuck in an unwanted repetitive pattern or struggling to find a healthy relationship? I will work with you to shift gears and overcome the obstacles which are holding you back. I use the appropriate treatment for your needs, i.e. psychotherapy and/or medications. I am a board-certified psychiatrist who completed my training at Yale School of Medicine. I provide a comprehensive evaluation using an integrated approach to care, and build on your strengths.
Volker Nabavi
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Beverly Hills, CA 90212
My name is Volker Nabavi, a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. I specialize in treating depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, substance use, ADHD, OCD, and Bipolar disorders. I have received training in both medical and nursing fields which enables me to apply both medical and nursing theories to manage my client’s mental health holistically and meet their needs. During sessions, I use Cognitive Behavioral therapy (CBT) and motivational interviewing for a supportive, client-centered, holistic approach.
My name is Volker Nabavi, a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. I specialize in treating depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, substance use, ADHD, OCD, and Bipolar disorders. I have received training in both medical and nursing fields which enables me to apply both medical and nursing theories to manage my client’s mental health holistically and meet their needs. During sessions, I use Cognitive Behavioral therapy (CBT) and motivational interviewing for a supportive, client-centered, holistic approach.
Aaron J. Greene
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90024 (Online Only)
My aim is to help you reduce and manage negative emotions, cultivate meaningful experiences, and make lasting positive impacts on your physical health, relationships, cognitive performance, and longevity.
Mental health evaluations and medication management for adults of all ages in California and Michigan. Whether you're feeling down, experiencing anxiety or anger, or having difficulty managing an overwhelming number of tasks, reaching out is the first step. I focus on minimizing the use of medications and optimizing doses when used to get the most benefit with the least side effects.
My aim is to help you reduce and manage negative emotions, cultivate meaningful experiences, and make lasting positive impacts on your physical health, relationships, cognitive performance, and longevity.
Mental health evaluations and medication management for adults of all ages in California and Michigan. Whether you're feeling down, experiencing anxiety or anger, or having difficulty managing an overwhelming number of tasks, reaching out is the first step. I focus on minimizing the use of medications and optimizing doses when used to get the most benefit with the least side effects.
Arjun Kumar
Psychiatrist, MD, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90036
Kumar has a particular interest in cognitive disorders, including ADHD and dementia.
Dr. Kumar is an adult and geriatric psychiatrist seeing patients at his Los Angeles office and virtually. Dr. Kumar believes in a humane and comprehensive approach to mental health care across the lifespan. He emphasizes the impact of past experiences on emotional well-being, practicing trauma-informed care that draws from his work with military veterans. He enjoys helping patients through major life transitions like graduation and career changes, aging and retirement, and relationship conflict. He is also experienced at helping older adults confront late-life challenges like chronic disease, memory loss, and grief.
Kumar has a particular interest in cognitive disorders, including ADHD and dementia.
Dr. Kumar is an adult and geriatric psychiatrist seeing patients at his Los Angeles office and virtually. Dr. Kumar believes in a humane and comprehensive approach to mental health care across the lifespan. He emphasizes the impact of past experiences on emotional well-being, practicing trauma-informed care that draws from his work with military veterans. He enjoys helping patients through major life transitions like graduation and career changes, aging and retirement, and relationship conflict. He is also experienced at helping older adults confront late-life challenges like chronic disease, memory loss, and grief.
Roberto Figueroa
Psychiatrist, MD, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90025
I specialize in treating anxiety and depression. I use an integrated approach that combines cognitive behavioral (CBT) and psychodynamic psychotherapy with medication treatment when indicated. I have 15 years of experience and advanced specialization in psychopharmacology at Mount Sinai School of Medicine and in psychodynamic psychotherapy at Columbia University.
I specialize in treating anxiety and depression. I use an integrated approach that combines cognitive behavioral (CBT) and psychodynamic psychotherapy with medication treatment when indicated. I have 15 years of experience and advanced specialization in psychopharmacology at Mount Sinai School of Medicine and in psychodynamic psychotherapy at Columbia University.
Gregory Sayer
Psychiatrist, MD, DFAACAP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90024 (Online Only)
Sayer is experienced in cognitive behavioral (CBT), interpersonal therapy, psychodynamic, dialectical behavioral (DBT), and parent management training for children with behavioral or anxiety symptoms.
Does not take health insurance- -Dr. Sayer is a board certified child, adolescent, and adult psychiatrist who specializes in medication management and psychotherapy. All appointments are currently virtual. He is licensed in New York and California. He founded the group private practice, Ficus Psych. In private practice, he sees children, teens, and adults. Dr. Sayer understands that the best outcomes happen when patients and doctors work as a team. It is his mission to use his expertise, in combination with the unique characteristics of each patient, to empower patients to make meaningful progress in their lives.
Sayer is experienced in cognitive behavioral (CBT), interpersonal therapy, psychodynamic, dialectical behavioral (DBT), and parent management training for children with behavioral or anxiety symptoms.
Does not take health insurance- -Dr. Sayer is a board certified child, adolescent, and adult psychiatrist who specializes in medication management and psychotherapy. All appointments are currently virtual. He is licensed in New York and California. He founded the group private practice, Ficus Psych. In private practice, he sees children, teens, and adults. Dr. Sayer understands that the best outcomes happen when patients and doctors work as a team. It is his mission to use his expertise, in combination with the unique characteristics of each patient, to empower patients to make meaningful progress in their lives.
Jason Jemera
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90095 (Online Only)
I use mindfulness meditation, cognitive behavioral therapy, life coaching, lab monitoring, vitamins, nutrition, books, and other integrative techniques to promote long-term wellness.
Mental health is not one glove fits all. We each have our unique backgrounds, stories, lifestyles, struggles, beliefs, and sources of joy. It is my mission to offer you a safe space where you can genuinely express and be seen as your whole self; and not just as a quick diagnosis and prescription. I help high-functioning individuals better understand their mental health and progress further in their lives. My clients have included doctors, nurses, therapists, social workers, lawyers, teachers, diversity and inclusion program directors, engineers, tech specialists, artists, musicians, CEOs, community leaders, parents and more.
I use mindfulness meditation, cognitive behavioral therapy, life coaching, lab monitoring, vitamins, nutrition, books, and other integrative techniques to promote long-term wellness.
Mental health is not one glove fits all. We each have our unique backgrounds, stories, lifestyles, struggles, beliefs, and sources of joy. It is my mission to offer you a safe space where you can genuinely express and be seen as your whole self; and not just as a quick diagnosis and prescription. I help high-functioning individuals better understand their mental health and progress further in their lives. My clients have included doctors, nurses, therapists, social workers, lawyers, teachers, diversity and inclusion program directors, engineers, tech specialists, artists, musicians, CEOs, community leaders, parents and more.
Alfred Robenzadeh
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Beverly Hills, CA 90212
The practice is geared towards teens and young adults with Anxiety and Depression. My approach is to provide specialized support with cognitive and behavioral therapy along with medication as needed to my patients.
The practice is geared towards teens and young adults with Anxiety and Depression. My approach is to provide specialized support with cognitive and behavioral therapy along with medication as needed to my patients.
Dr. Steven Siragusa
Psychiatrist, DO
Verified Verified
Studio City, CA 91604
I specialize in child, adolescent, and adult psychiatry with a focus on cutting-edge, evidenced-based mental healthcare. I am experienced in the diagnosis and treatment depression, anxiety, ADHD, autism, bipolar, psychosis, substance use, and PTSD. As a child and adolescent psychiatrist, I employ a neurodevelopmental, family-centered treatment approach with shared decision-making and collaboration of care. I employ a variety of psychotherapeutic approaches such as mindfulness, cognitive, and dialectical behavioral therapies which are specifically tailored to each patient's needs and therapeutic goals.
I specialize in child, adolescent, and adult psychiatry with a focus on cutting-edge, evidenced-based mental healthcare. I am experienced in the diagnosis and treatment depression, anxiety, ADHD, autism, bipolar, psychosis, substance use, and PTSD. As a child and adolescent psychiatrist, I employ a neurodevelopmental, family-centered treatment approach with shared decision-making and collaboration of care. I employ a variety of psychotherapeutic approaches such as mindfulness, cognitive, and dialectical behavioral therapies which are specifically tailored to each patient's needs and therapeutic goals.
Reginald Casilang
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP, FNP-BC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Beverly Hills, CA 90210
Are you finding it difficult to maintain focus due to cognitive challenges? Do you notice its impact on your academic performance or productivity both at home and work? Struggling with prioritization, task breakdowns, or setting deadlines can feel overwhelming, especially if you're dealing with ADHD. If you've explored different treatments without success, it's important to recognize that seeking help requires considerable courage, and I'm here to offer my support. You don't have to navigate these obstacles by yourself. It would be an honor for me to join you on your journey and help you in reaching your objectives.
Are you finding it difficult to maintain focus due to cognitive challenges? Do you notice its impact on your academic performance or productivity both at home and work? Struggling with prioritization, task breakdowns, or setting deadlines can feel overwhelming, especially if you're dealing with ADHD. If you've explored different treatments without success, it's important to recognize that seeking help requires considerable courage, and I'm here to offer my support. You don't have to navigate these obstacles by yourself. It would be an honor for me to join you on your journey and help you in reaching your objectives.
Bonmente
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Hollywood, CA 90028 (Online Only)
Our providers offer medication management, various modalities of therapy (CBT and EMDR), and telepsychiatry appointments.
ACCEPTING NEW PATIENTS-Bonmente knows asking for help is not an easy thing to do. We also know that finding a provider you trust to help you navigate mental health care can be a challenge. That's why we're here and we're doing things differently. As a patient at Bonmente, you enjoy comprehensive treatments customized specifically for your unique circumstances, convenient telemedicine appointments that allow you to see your provider from the comfort of home, an online patient portal that lets you communicate directly with your provider, and a highly trained support team that makes becoming a patient as simple as it should be.
Our providers offer medication management, various modalities of therapy (CBT and EMDR), and telepsychiatry appointments.
ACCEPTING NEW PATIENTS-Bonmente knows asking for help is not an easy thing to do. We also know that finding a provider you trust to help you navigate mental health care can be a challenge. That's why we're here and we're doing things differently. As a patient at Bonmente, you enjoy comprehensive treatments customized specifically for your unique circumstances, convenient telemedicine appointments that allow you to see your provider from the comfort of home, an online patient portal that lets you communicate directly with your provider, and a highly trained support team that makes becoming a patient as simple as it should be.
Joseph L. Gulino
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Beverly Hills, CA 90212 (Online Only)
Once a differential diagnosis has been formulated, we discuss treatment options, which may include medication, lifestyle changes, psychodynamic psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, or a combination of interventions.
To hear a patient say, "I finally feel like myself again, thanks to you" shows that with the right doctor and treatment, people can start to feel better quickly. I established Beverly Hills Psychiatry to promote psychiatric wellness and healthy functioning in adults, adolescents, and children. By providing video appointments patients anywhere in California can be seen and treated. I strive to create an environment in which patients can feel comfortable discussing their symptoms, experiences and concerns. I place maximum value on really listening to my patients and establishing an honest and trusting doctor-patient alliance.
Once a differential diagnosis has been formulated, we discuss treatment options, which may include medication, lifestyle changes, psychodynamic psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, or a combination of interventions.
To hear a patient say, "I finally feel like myself again, thanks to you" shows that with the right doctor and treatment, people can start to feel better quickly. I established Beverly Hills Psychiatry to promote psychiatric wellness and healthy functioning in adults, adolescents, and children. By providing video appointments patients anywhere in California can be seen and treated. I strive to create an environment in which patients can feel comfortable discussing their symptoms, experiences and concerns. I place maximum value on really listening to my patients and establishing an honest and trusting doctor-patient alliance.
Je Deuk Ko
Psychiatrist, MD, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90024
I take on the tradition of detailed discovery of your issues and turn it around to supporting you in how best to reach your emotional, relational, and cognitive potentials. I am versatile in, and offer, various treatment approaches such as DBT, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Motivational Interviewing (MI), and psychodynamic therapy, as well as prescribing medications. I discuss the details of my Psycho-Bio-Social model integrated formulations before answering the scientific and functional rationales behind my recommendations. I believe the process of discovering your functional goal is the most important part of the process.
I take on the tradition of detailed discovery of your issues and turn it around to supporting you in how best to reach your emotional, relational, and cognitive potentials. I am versatile in, and offer, various treatment approaches such as DBT, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Motivational Interviewing (MI), and psychodynamic therapy, as well as prescribing medications. I discuss the details of my Psycho-Bio-Social model integrated formulations before answering the scientific and functional rationales behind my recommendations. I believe the process of discovering your functional goal is the most important part of the process.
Sham Singh
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
West Hollywood, CA 90069 (Online Only)
Our providers offer medication management, various modalities of therapy such as CBT, and telepsychiatry appointments.
We know asking for help is not an easy thing to do. We also know that finding a provider you trust to help you navigate mental health care can be a challenge. That's why we're here, and we're doing things differently. As a patient at Bonmente, you enjoy comprehensive treatments customized specifically for your unique circumstances, convenient telemedicine appointments that allow you to see your provider from the comfort of home, an online patient portal that lets you communicate directly with your provider, and a highly trained support team that makes becoming a patient as simple as it should be. Now welcoming new patients!
Our providers offer medication management, various modalities of therapy such as CBT, and telepsychiatry appointments.
We know asking for help is not an easy thing to do. We also know that finding a provider you trust to help you navigate mental health care can be a challenge. That's why we're here, and we're doing things differently. As a patient at Bonmente, you enjoy comprehensive treatments customized specifically for your unique circumstances, convenient telemedicine appointments that allow you to see your provider from the comfort of home, an online patient portal that lets you communicate directly with your provider, and a highly trained support team that makes becoming a patient as simple as it should be. Now welcoming new patients!
Aveo Wellness: Therapy & Psychiatry
Psychiatrist, LCSW, MD
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90025
Her expertise in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), with her warmth and understanding, will guide you facing uncomfortable thoughts, away from overwhelming feelings, and towards finding meaning and centeredness.
Aveo Wellness, the practice of Dr. Jon Deam, helps you face the challenge of leaning into profound growth. Dr. Jon, psychiatrist, and Salina, LCSW, offer different options to support you through therapy, life coaching, or medication optimization. The journey inward to find strength, resilience, and meaning is not easy, but it is one we were never meant to take alone.
Her expertise in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), with her warmth and understanding, will guide you facing uncomfortable thoughts, away from overwhelming feelings, and towards finding meaning and centeredness.
Aveo Wellness, the practice of Dr. Jon Deam, helps you face the challenge of leaning into profound growth. Dr. Jon, psychiatrist, and Salina, LCSW, offer different options to support you through therapy, life coaching, or medication optimization. The journey inward to find strength, resilience, and meaning is not easy, but it is one we were never meant to take alone.
Roberto Figueroa
Psychiatrist, MD, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90025
I use an integrated approach that combines cognitive behavioral (CBT) and psychodynamic psychotherapy with medication treatment when indicated.
If you are suffering from anxiety or depression you should know you are not alone. Millions of people in the US and about half a billion people in the world have significant depression or anxiety. Anxiety and depression may be caused by psychological, physical, social, and spiritual factors. Struggling with depression or anxiety can cause intense suffering, affect your ability to have or enjoy relationships and disrupt your ability to function at work or home. Problems with your emotional health can prevent you from pursuing your dreams and living life to the fullest.
I use an integrated approach that combines cognitive behavioral (CBT) and psychodynamic psychotherapy with medication treatment when indicated.
If you are suffering from anxiety or depression you should know you are not alone. Millions of people in the US and about half a billion people in the world have significant depression or anxiety. Anxiety and depression may be caused by psychological, physical, social, and spiritual factors. Struggling with depression or anxiety can cause intense suffering, affect your ability to have or enjoy relationships and disrupt your ability to function at work or home. Problems with your emotional health can prevent you from pursuing your dreams and living life to the fullest.
Dr. Trung (Jack) Duong
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90095
This may include cognitive-behavioral techniques, DBT, and other evidence-based interventions.
Hi! I am Dr. Duong (pronounce yoo-ung), a board-certified psychiatrist with a passion for integrating traditional psychiatric practices with holistic and complementary therapies. My practice is rooted in the belief that mental health is a multifaceted journey that requires a comprehensive and personalized approach. My specialty is in mood and personality disorders, complex trauma, anxiety/ADHD, and Asian American/BIPOC & LGTBQ+ mental health. My goal is to empower your authentic self and optimize your mental health journey so that you can lead a more fulfilling life.
This may include cognitive-behavioral techniques, DBT, and other evidence-based interventions.
Hi! I am Dr. Duong (pronounce yoo-ung), a board-certified psychiatrist with a passion for integrating traditional psychiatric practices with holistic and complementary therapies. My practice is rooted in the belief that mental health is a multifaceted journey that requires a comprehensive and personalized approach. My specialty is in mood and personality disorders, complex trauma, anxiety/ADHD, and Asian American/BIPOC & LGTBQ+ mental health. My goal is to empower your authentic self and optimize your mental health journey so that you can lead a more fulfilling life.
Dr. Ronil Shah
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90036
Dr. Shah is welcoming new patients for video appointments. As a Board-certified M.D. psychiatrist, he specializes in assessing and treating anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, OCD, PTSD and other psychiatric issues. A holistic provider, he combines non-pharmacologic approaches - including psychodynamic psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy - in addition to medication. He utilizes such therapeutic modalities in medication management appointments as well as dedicated therapy sessions. Consequently, patients benefit from well-integrated treatment that is both systematic and thorough.
Dr. Shah is welcoming new patients for video appointments. As a Board-certified M.D. psychiatrist, he specializes in assessing and treating anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, OCD, PTSD and other psychiatric issues. A holistic provider, he combines non-pharmacologic approaches - including psychodynamic psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy - in addition to medication. He utilizes such therapeutic modalities in medication management appointments as well as dedicated therapy sessions. Consequently, patients benefit from well-integrated treatment that is both systematic and thorough.
Mehdi Bubba Thomas
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Woodland Hills, CA 91367 (Online Only)
Our providers offer medication management, various modalities of therapy such as CBT, and telepsychiatry appointments.
We know asking for help is a challenging thing to do. We also know that finding a provider you trust to help you navigate mental health care can be a challenge. That's why we're here, and we're doing things differently. As a patient at Bonmente, you enjoy comprehensive treatments customized specifically for your unique circumstances, convenient telemedicine appointments that allow you to see your provider from the comfort of home, an online patient portal that lets you communicate directly with your provider, and a highly trained support team that makes becoming a patient as simple as it should be. Now, welcoming new patients!
Our providers offer medication management, various modalities of therapy such as CBT, and telepsychiatry appointments.
We know asking for help is a challenging thing to do. We also know that finding a provider you trust to help you navigate mental health care can be a challenge. That's why we're here, and we're doing things differently. As a patient at Bonmente, you enjoy comprehensive treatments customized specifically for your unique circumstances, convenient telemedicine appointments that allow you to see your provider from the comfort of home, an online patient portal that lets you communicate directly with your provider, and a highly trained support team that makes becoming a patient as simple as it should be. Now, welcoming new patients!
See more therapy options for Van Nuys
Nearby Cognitive Behavioral (CBT) Psychiatrists Searches for Van Nuys
- Beverly Hills
- Burbank
- Century City
- Encino
- North Hollywood
- Porter Ranch
- Sherman Oaks
- Studio City
- Tarzana
- West Hollywood
- West Los Angeles
- Woodland Hills
Cognitive Behavioral (CBT) Psychiatrists
How does cognitive behavioral therapy work?
Cognitive behavioral therapy works by exploring how your thoughts affect your emotions and experiences. CBT helps you identify distortions in your thinking. For example, you may tend to jump to the worst case scenario catastrophizing or think in extremes (all-or-nothing thinking). A therapist can teach you how to push back against those thoughts to ultimately change your feelings and behavior for the better. They can also provide coping skills to better deal with stressors and challenges.
When do I know to seek treatment with cognitive behavioral therapy?
It’s reasonable to consider cognitive behavioral therapy if you struggle to manage difficult emotions or behaviors to such an extent that you are not getting the most out of life on a day-to-day basis. If you want a shorter term, concrete, skills-based approach, CBT is a great option. (By contrast, other types of therapy may devote more time to exploring your past and its effects.) The decision to seek CBT also depends on the condition you’re treating; CBT is an effective treatment for anxiety, depression, trauma, and many other disorders.
How can I find a cognitive behavioral therapist for someone else?
To find a cognitive behavioral therapist for someone else, you may want to begin by discussing the person’s problem, researching cognitive behavioral therapy, and assessing whether the approach is the right fit. You could then reach out to a few cognitive behavioral therapists in this directory, explain the scenario, have a consultation with those available, and determine who could be a good match.
Why is CBT such a popular form of therapy?
CBT has become a popular form of therapy because it is effective and accessible. Robust research has demonstrated that CBT is an effective treatment for many mental health conditions. And CBT can be learned in relatively few sessions, which means that many people can engage in the process, afford it, and see results quickly. It involves learning concrete skills such as disputing unhelpful thoughts; these skills can also be taught and spread widely.