Counselling in K36

Photo of Mairead Flanagan - Malahide Counselling & Holistic Therapy , Counsellor, MSc, MIACP
Malahide Counselling & Holistic Therapy
Counsellor, MSc, MIACP
1 Endorsed
Malahide, County Dublin K36
Discover the path to self-growth with Malahide Counselling! Located in Malahide village, Dublin, we offer professional and affordable counselling services for adults and adolescents. Our mission is to provide a safe and supportive environment, guided by the highest ethical standards. Through our client-centered approach, we embark on a transformative journey together, exploring your inner world and empowering you to break free from unhelpful patterns. Let's create choices that align with your true self.
Discover the path to self-growth with Malahide Counselling! Located in Malahide village, Dublin, we offer professional and affordable counselling services for adults and adolescents. Our mission is to provide a safe and supportive environment, guided by the highest ethical standards. Through our client-centered approach, we embark on a transformative journey together, exploring your inner world and empowering you to break free from unhelpful patterns. Let's create choices that align with your true self.
(01) 267 6681 x61 View (01) 267 6681 x61
Photo of Andrea McLoughlin - Play All Day Therapy, Psychotherapist, Pre-Accredited Member IACP
Play All Day Therapy
Psychotherapist, Pre-Accredited Member IACP
Malahide, County Dublin K36
You've taken the first step by seeking help in what could be the most important journey of your life. It can be nerve-racking thinking about sitting in front of a stranger and telling them about yourself. What if they judge you? What if they don't believe you? What if it doesn't work? These are common fears, and I've had them myself when I first started therapy. When we work together, our relationship will be one built on trust, confidentiality, and without judgment. I am also a Play Therapist with children from 4 years old. In the playroom play is the language; this helps them navigate and work through their feelings.
You've taken the first step by seeking help in what could be the most important journey of your life. It can be nerve-racking thinking about sitting in front of a stranger and telling them about yourself. What if they judge you? What if they don't believe you? What if it doesn't work? These are common fears, and I've had them myself when I first started therapy. When we work together, our relationship will be one built on trust, confidentiality, and without judgment. I am also a Play Therapist with children from 4 years old. In the playroom play is the language; this helps them navigate and work through their feelings.
(01) 592 4196 x17 View (01) 592 4196 x17
Photo of Sinead Lawless, Psychotherapist, Pre-Accredited Member IACP
Sinead Lawless
Psychotherapist, Pre-Accredited Member IACP
Malahide, County Dublin K36
I work with clients from an integrative, client centred approach, making sure their needs are heard and I believe that the relationship between therapist and client is where healing begins. Depending on the needs of the client I may draw on a number of approaches and can work with CBT principles, pyscho-education and nervous system regulation techniques.
I work with clients from an integrative, client centred approach, making sure their needs are heard and I believe that the relationship between therapist and client is where healing begins. Depending on the needs of the client I may draw on a number of approaches and can work with CBT principles, pyscho-education and nervous system regulation techniques.
(01) 233 7063 x50 View (01) 233 7063 x50
Photo of Mary Maguire, Psychotherapist, MSc, Pre-Accredited Member IACP
Mary Maguire
Psychotherapist, MSc, Pre-Accredited Member IACP
Malahide, County Dublin K36
My name is Mary Maguire, and I am a qualified psychotherapist with a deep commitment to supporting women, birthing people and all parents through all stages of life. I have particular focus on perinatal mental health for mothers and fathers, as an individual or couples therapist. My passion for this work stems from both professional and personal experience, and a heartfelt understanding of the unique emotional challenges parent’s face—whether during pregnancy, after birth, or throughout the complex journey of matrescence and parenthood.
My name is Mary Maguire, and I am a qualified psychotherapist with a deep commitment to supporting women, birthing people and all parents through all stages of life. I have particular focus on perinatal mental health for mothers and fathers, as an individual or couples therapist. My passion for this work stems from both professional and personal experience, and a heartfelt understanding of the unique emotional challenges parent’s face—whether during pregnancy, after birth, or throughout the complex journey of matrescence and parenthood.
(01) 267 6552 x81 View (01) 267 6552 x81
Photo of Krystle Phelan - Krystle Phelan Counselling and Wellness, Counsellor, Pre-Accredited Member IACP
Krystle Phelan Counselling and Wellness
Counsellor, Pre-Accredited Member IACP
Malahide, County Dublin K36
I help clients experiencing a range of emotional and psychological difficulties including but not limited to depression, stress, low self-esteem. grief and bereavement. Clients can be navigating difficult life challenges which leaves them feeling unsure of who they are or what happens next. Clients may be experiencing a sense of unease and disconnect but unable to articulate the cause of their distress.
I help clients experiencing a range of emotional and psychological difficulties including but not limited to depression, stress, low self-esteem. grief and bereavement. Clients can be navigating difficult life challenges which leaves them feeling unsure of who they are or what happens next. Clients may be experiencing a sense of unease and disconnect but unable to articulate the cause of their distress.
(01) 267 6603 x41 View (01) 267 6603 x41
Photo of Janine Robinson, Psychologist, MPSI
Janine Robinson
Psychologist, MPSI
Malahide, County Dublin K36
Let's begin with a chat over a cup of ... what ever you fancy. My purpose is to help heal, teach and train people when they need some guidance in their life. As human beings, we all know what it's like to feel lost, confused or disconnected. When this feeling occurs, it is our mind and bodies way of trying to tell us that it's time to explore. To explore more about yourselves and to evolve. So.. let's begin with a chat and take it from there
Let's begin with a chat over a cup of ... what ever you fancy. My purpose is to help heal, teach and train people when they need some guidance in their life. As human beings, we all know what it's like to feel lost, confused or disconnected. When this feeling occurs, it is our mind and bodies way of trying to tell us that it's time to explore. To explore more about yourselves and to evolve. So.. let's begin with a chat and take it from there
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Photo of Deimante Malisauskaite - Atvira Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist, MIACP
Atvira Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MIACP
5 Endorsed
Malahide, County Dublin K36
Are you feeling overwhelmed, stuck in old patterns, or finding it hard to navigate your emotions or relationship with food? You don't have to do this alone. I work with adults and adolescents, offering a warm, grounded, judgment-free space where you can feel heard, supported, and understood. My approach is integrative and psychodynamic, meaning I work with you at a deeper level to make sense of your experiences, while also drawing on evidence-based tools like CBT-E for eating disorders and trauma-informed interventions.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, stuck in old patterns, or finding it hard to navigate your emotions or relationship with food? You don't have to do this alone. I work with adults and adolescents, offering a warm, grounded, judgment-free space where you can feel heard, supported, and understood. My approach is integrative and psychodynamic, meaning I work with you at a deeper level to make sense of your experiences, while also drawing on evidence-based tools like CBT-E for eating disorders and trauma-informed interventions.
(01) 233 7063 x24 View (01) 233 7063 x24
Photo of Deirdre O'Neill, Psychotherapist, MIACP
Deirdre O'Neill
Psychotherapist, MIACP
Malahide, County Dublin K36
What if you could experience less anxiety? Or learn how to manage and eliminate panic attacks? What if you could be kinder to yourself? Are you struggling with stress or feeling overwhelmed? Maybe you are coping with depression? Or trying to come to terms with a loss and suffering with grief? Perhaps you sometimes feel lonely and wonder why your relationships are not working as you would like them to. We all struggle with life and it's challenges sometimes. ​Counselling can help you to learn how to manage anxiety and challenging emotions and thoughts.
What if you could experience less anxiety? Or learn how to manage and eliminate panic attacks? What if you could be kinder to yourself? Are you struggling with stress or feeling overwhelmed? Maybe you are coping with depression? Or trying to come to terms with a loss and suffering with grief? Perhaps you sometimes feel lonely and wonder why your relationships are not working as you would like them to. We all struggle with life and it's challenges sometimes. ​Counselling can help you to learn how to manage anxiety and challenging emotions and thoughts.
(01) 568 2872 x98 View (01) 568 2872 x98
Photo of Simon Harvey - Simon Harvey / 121Therapy, PhD
Simon Harvey / 121Therapy
Verified Verified
Malahide, County Dublin K36
Hi, I'm Simon, welcome to 121 Therapy. I am qualified as both an adult and an adolescent therapist. I have experience in the therapy room as both a therapist and a client. I fully understand how daunting the first steps into therapy can be for both teenagers and adults alike. I am a member of IACP which is the governing body for psychotherapists, and, I am certified adolescent therapist.
Hi, I'm Simon, welcome to 121 Therapy. I am qualified as both an adult and an adolescent therapist. I have experience in the therapy room as both a therapist and a client. I fully understand how daunting the first steps into therapy can be for both teenagers and adults alike. I am a member of IACP which is the governing body for psychotherapists, and, I am certified adolescent therapist.
086 268 5919 View 086 268 5919
Photo of Marian Cusack, Psychotherapist, APCP
Marian Cusack
Psychotherapist, APCP
Malahide, County Dublin K36
I work by providing a safe, nurturing and compassionate space in which you can become enabled to heal and grow. We will build a collaborative therapeutic relationship in which you will feel heard and understood and accepted. Our connection then becomes the first step towards you building and having a supportive, nurturing and compassionate relationship with yourself. Through therapy you can also learn how to recognise and understand negative patterns of behaviour which have been causing suffering and stress in your life and learn new ways of behaving and being.
I work by providing a safe, nurturing and compassionate space in which you can become enabled to heal and grow. We will build a collaborative therapeutic relationship in which you will feel heard and understood and accepted. Our connection then becomes the first step towards you building and having a supportive, nurturing and compassionate relationship with yourself. Through therapy you can also learn how to recognise and understand negative patterns of behaviour which have been causing suffering and stress in your life and learn new ways of behaving and being.
086 875 0950 View 086 875 0950
Photo of Orla Duff, Psychotherapist, MIACP
Orla Duff
Psychotherapist, MIACP
Malahide, County Dublin K36
I am an experienced & accredited relationship counsellor offering a safe and confidential environment to couples & individuals who are experiencing relationships difficulties. Whether it’s the relationship with your partner, a child, a family member, a work colleagues or a friend, our therapy will help you to process the negative impact on your life. I help clients to navigate these relationships & build better relationships going forward, making the most of their relationships – past, present & future.
I am an experienced & accredited relationship counsellor offering a safe and confidential environment to couples & individuals who are experiencing relationships difficulties. Whether it’s the relationship with your partner, a child, a family member, a work colleagues or a friend, our therapy will help you to process the negative impact on your life. I help clients to navigate these relationships & build better relationships going forward, making the most of their relationships – past, present & future.
086 832 6880 View 086 832 6880
Photo of Trevor Atkinson, Psychologist, MPSI
Trevor Atkinson
Psychologist, MPSI
Malahide, County Dublin K36
Life presents us with challenges—whether it’s anxiety, stress, relationship struggles, or personal roadblocks. My clients are people who feels stuck, overwhelmed, or uncertain about their next steps. They experience stress, low confidence, or difficulty navigating relationships, grief, or major life changes. More than anything, they want clarity, resilience, and a sense of direction. They seek not just relief from their struggles but the ability to take control and create meaningful change in their lives.
Life presents us with challenges—whether it’s anxiety, stress, relationship struggles, or personal roadblocks. My clients are people who feels stuck, overwhelmed, or uncertain about their next steps. They experience stress, low confidence, or difficulty navigating relationships, grief, or major life changes. More than anything, they want clarity, resilience, and a sense of direction. They seek not just relief from their struggles but the ability to take control and create meaningful change in their lives.
(01) 233 7903 x42 View (01) 233 7903 x42
Photo of Marie Mulligan, Psychotherapist, MIAHIP
Marie Mulligan
Psychotherapist, MIAHIP
Malahide, County Dublin K36
As a counsellor and psychotherapist of 15 years, I have worked with adults and adolescents from the age of 11 years. I know how important choosing the right counsellor/psychotherapist is and the courage it takes to start this journey. I believe that the relationship between therapist and client is integral for growth and healing. I create a compassionate, safe, non judgemental environment in which to work with clients. I work from a humanistic and integrative perspective and help clients see their own potential as they work through their difficulties.
As a counsellor and psychotherapist of 15 years, I have worked with adults and adolescents from the age of 11 years. I know how important choosing the right counsellor/psychotherapist is and the courage it takes to start this journey. I believe that the relationship between therapist and client is integral for growth and healing. I create a compassionate, safe, non judgemental environment in which to work with clients. I work from a humanistic and integrative perspective and help clients see their own potential as they work through their difficulties.
(01) 263 0697 x21 View (01) 263 0697 x21
Photo of Julie Coogan - Tree of Life Counselling and Therapy Centre, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MIACP
Tree of Life Counselling and Therapy Centre
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MIACP
Malahide, County Dublin K36
A positive first step towards greater well-being. Committed to the highest degree of ethical practice and care, our warm & professional team of counsellors and psychotherapists offer a safe, non judgmental environment. Helping you to reach your therapy goals and empowering you to explore, discover and clarify ways of living more resourcefully towards greater wellbeing. Our team brings an array of qualifications and modalities. We offer a free initial chat by phone with our clinic manager who can best direct you to the team member best suited to your needs.
A positive first step towards greater well-being. Committed to the highest degree of ethical practice and care, our warm & professional team of counsellors and psychotherapists offer a safe, non judgmental environment. Helping you to reach your therapy goals and empowering you to explore, discover and clarify ways of living more resourcefully towards greater wellbeing. Our team brings an array of qualifications and modalities. We offer a free initial chat by phone with our clinic manager who can best direct you to the team member best suited to your needs.
(01) 267 6681 x32 View (01) 267 6681 x32
Photo of Angela Daly, Psychotherapist, MA, IAHIP Assoc
Angela Daly
Psychotherapist, MA, IAHIP Assoc
Malahide, County Dublin K36
Thinking about therapy? I'm a qualified, fully accredited psychotherapist (IAHIP,ICP), currently working in Malahide Counselling & Psychotherapy on Mondays, Thursdays and Fridays, where I offer psychotherapy sessions to adults, 1:1, both in person and online, as required. I have experience working with issues relating to anxiety, depression, perinatal trauma, grief and loss, bullying in the workforce, relationship difficulties, chronic illness, life transitions, relational trauma. I work from a humanistic and integrative perspective, which means that I am trained in a number of different modalities. I also offer brief therapy.
Thinking about therapy? I'm a qualified, fully accredited psychotherapist (IAHIP,ICP), currently working in Malahide Counselling & Psychotherapy on Mondays, Thursdays and Fridays, where I offer psychotherapy sessions to adults, 1:1, both in person and online, as required. I have experience working with issues relating to anxiety, depression, perinatal trauma, grief and loss, bullying in the workforce, relationship difficulties, chronic illness, life transitions, relational trauma. I work from a humanistic and integrative perspective, which means that I am trained in a number of different modalities. I also offer brief therapy.
083 819 4563 View 083 819 4563
Photo of Jason Brennan, Psychotherapist, MA, MIAHIP
Jason Brennan
Psychotherapist, MA, MIAHIP
Malahide, County Dublin K36
Hi, my name is Jason Brennan and I have been a therapist and coach for nearly 30 years. I specialise in anxiety, depression, stress management and life challenges, as well as confidence and self esteem building. I am also the founder and president of the Irish Transactional Analysis Association and vice chair of the Irish Council of Psychotherapy, as well as having a pod cast called OK Everyday on Spotify and YouTube. I have helped hundreds of people improve their lives and find out more about what they want to achieve. If you are interested in working together, or would like to know more, just reach out. Thanks Jason
Hi, my name is Jason Brennan and I have been a therapist and coach for nearly 30 years. I specialise in anxiety, depression, stress management and life challenges, as well as confidence and self esteem building. I am also the founder and president of the Irish Transactional Analysis Association and vice chair of the Irish Council of Psychotherapy, as well as having a pod cast called OK Everyday on Spotify and YouTube. I have helped hundreds of people improve their lives and find out more about what they want to achieve. If you are interested in working together, or would like to know more, just reach out. Thanks Jason
(01) 267 6527 x92 View (01) 267 6527 x92
Photo of Fiona Murphy - Clarity Counselling, Psychotherapist, MIACP
Clarity Counselling
Psychotherapist, MIACP
1 Endorsed
Malahide, County Dublin K36
Clarity Counselling is an affordable, professional counselling service based in Malahide, Co. Dublin. I provide counselling and psychotherapy for adults, adolescents and couples. My service is committed to the highest degree of ethical practice and care. I also provide a limited number of hours at low cost rates for students, unemployed/OAP’s.
Clarity Counselling is an affordable, professional counselling service based in Malahide, Co. Dublin. I provide counselling and psychotherapy for adults, adolescents and couples. My service is committed to the highest degree of ethical practice and care. I also provide a limited number of hours at low cost rates for students, unemployed/OAP’s.
(01) 267 6622 x93 View (01) 267 6622 x93
Photo of Anne Marie Kelly (Brady), Psychotherapist, MIACP
Anne Marie Kelly (Brady)
Psychotherapist, MIACP
Malahide, County Dublin K36
My wish for each client is that they be well. Every client comes to therapy with different needs. With strong foundations in somatic, emotional and cognitive therapies, I also offer the swifter interventions of Hypnotherapy and NLP (Neuro Linguistic Programming). Some clients want a quick fix, some want to explore and experience personal development. Some clients are top down, and others are bottom up. Some clients just need to talk, some don’t want to talk at all. Recognising these needs in how I work with each individual client is essential.
My wish for each client is that they be well. Every client comes to therapy with different needs. With strong foundations in somatic, emotional and cognitive therapies, I also offer the swifter interventions of Hypnotherapy and NLP (Neuro Linguistic Programming). Some clients want a quick fix, some want to explore and experience personal development. Some clients are top down, and others are bottom up. Some clients just need to talk, some don’t want to talk at all. Recognising these needs in how I work with each individual client is essential.
(01) 267 6552 x56 View (01) 267 6552 x56
Photo of Noelle Shebani - help2heal, Psychotherapist
help2heal
Psychotherapist
1 Endorsed
Malahide, County Dublin K36
Are you feeling anxious or overwhelmed, as if you're stuck in a cycle of stress and burnout? You're not alone. Many of us experience these feelings without fully understanding their roots. Often, our past experiences shape our present behaviors in ways we may not even be aware of. In our therapy sessions, I aim to provide you with a safe, welcoming, and non-judgmental space where you can freely explore your thoughts and emotions. Together, we will uncover the underlying patterns that may be contributing to your anxiety, worry, shame, or stress. My goal is to help you feel better in yourself, empower you, and help you heal.
Are you feeling anxious or overwhelmed, as if you're stuck in a cycle of stress and burnout? You're not alone. Many of us experience these feelings without fully understanding their roots. Often, our past experiences shape our present behaviors in ways we may not even be aware of. In our therapy sessions, I aim to provide you with a safe, welcoming, and non-judgmental space where you can freely explore your thoughts and emotions. Together, we will uncover the underlying patterns that may be contributing to your anxiety, worry, shame, or stress. My goal is to help you feel better in yourself, empower you, and help you heal.
(01) 233 7903 x84 View (01) 233 7903 x84
Photo of Pradeep Kumar Chadha, Psychiatrist
Pradeep Kumar Chadha
Psychiatrist
Malahide, County Dublin K36
“Overactive” busy minds have difficulty slowing down. I see it everyday. Having genes for a mental illness does not guarantee having one. Exposure to traumas is also needed to cause a disturbance in transmitters and hormones in the body. I help a person when they are looking for help in reducing psychiatric medications or before taking them. My experience involves helping a person process their traumas to heal them emotionally. In Walsh protocol , food supplements are prescribed instead of psychotropic medications that participate in hormonal and neurotransmitter metabolism. I can speak English, Hindi/ Urdu and Punjabi.
“Overactive” busy minds have difficulty slowing down. I see it everyday. Having genes for a mental illness does not guarantee having one. Exposure to traumas is also needed to cause a disturbance in transmitters and hormones in the body. I help a person when they are looking for help in reducing psychiatric medications or before taking them. My experience involves helping a person process their traumas to heal them emotionally. In Walsh protocol , food supplements are prescribed instead of psychotropic medications that participate in hormonal and neurotransmitter metabolism. I can speak English, Hindi/ Urdu and Punjabi.
(01) 267 6536 x99 View (01) 267 6536 x99

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in K36

60+

Average cost per session

€70

Counsellors in K36 who prioritize treating:

89% Anxiety
77% Relationship Issues
75% Depression
75% Self Esteem
75% Stress
67% Family Conflict
64% Bereavement

Average years in practice

7 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% VHI
88% Aviva
88% Irish Life

How Counsellors in K36 see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
19% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in K36?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, eircode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or eircode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are accredited members of the main professional associations, mainly the Irish Association of Counselling and Psychotherapy (IACP) and the Irish Council for Psychotherapy (ICP). Most Psychologists are accredited members of the Psychological Society of Ireland (PSI).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement in Ireland, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Ireland. Psychologists have earned a doctoral degree in psychology and many are accredited members of the Psychological Society of Ireland (PSI). Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a doctoral degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the IACP or ICP, they must complete a minimum of an NFQ Level 7 programme with 100 hours of clinical experience and a minimum of 450 hours of post-training clinical experience under clinical supervision.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in Ireland could cost between €50 – €90 when seeing a counsellor and €75 - €120 or more when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The National Counselling Service (NCS) is a government-funded service that provides short to medium term counselling and psychotherapy for free to individuals who have experienced trauma or abuse. The service can be accessed by GP referral or self-referral.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your eircode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the IACP, the ICP, or PSI are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a child is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.