Positive Psychology Counselling in Chorley

Photo of Patrick McGhee, Psychotherapist in Chorley, England
Patrick McGhee
Psychotherapist, PhD, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Chorley PR6  (Online Only)
Professor Patrick McGhee is a CBT therapist and Chartered Psychologist. He has a 1st Class Honours Degree from the University of Glasgow and a PhD from the University of Oxford. In 2017 he was a Visiting Fellow/Scholar at the universities of Cornell, Yale and MIT. He has taught, researched or practised in psychology and therapy for 30 years. He was a Research Fellow in Psychiatry and Psychology at St George's Hospital Medical School, University of London. He is the author of Thinking Psychologically (Palgrave) and co-editor of Accounting for Relationships. He currently works in private practice in Chorley and Bolton.
Professor Patrick McGhee is a CBT therapist and Chartered Psychologist. He has a 1st Class Honours Degree from the University of Glasgow and a PhD from the University of Oxford. In 2017 he was a Visiting Fellow/Scholar at the universities of Cornell, Yale and MIT. He has taught, researched or practised in psychology and therapy for 30 years. He was a Research Fellow in Psychiatry and Psychology at St George's Hospital Medical School, University of London. He is the author of Thinking Psychologically (Palgrave) and co-editor of Accounting for Relationships. He currently works in private practice in Chorley and Bolton.
01257 446859 View 01257 446859
Photo of Karen Veronica Hodgson, Psychotherapist in Chorley, England
Karen Veronica Hodgson
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Chorley PR7
I'm Karen, a UKCP Reg & EMDR Psychotherapist working online. Practicing for over 24 years with people struggling with self worth, loneliness & isolation; who struggle to connect well with others or develop intimate relationships, who people-please or have difficulties prioritising their needs; who have experienced infidelity/betrayals of trust; who have communication difficulties or struggle to set boundaries; who find balancing individual & couple expectations difficult; who are stuck in their grief, anger, anxiety or depression or who present with complex trauma & attachment wounds rooted in their childhood.
I'm Karen, a UKCP Reg & EMDR Psychotherapist working online. Practicing for over 24 years with people struggling with self worth, loneliness & isolation; who struggle to connect well with others or develop intimate relationships, who people-please or have difficulties prioritising their needs; who have experienced infidelity/betrayals of trust; who have communication difficulties or struggle to set boundaries; who find balancing individual & couple expectations difficult; who are stuck in their grief, anger, anxiety or depression or who present with complex trauma & attachment wounds rooted in their childhood.
01257 448237 View 01257 448237
Photo of Papillon Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist in Chorley, England
Papillon Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist
Verified Verified
Chorley PR6
Hello. My name is Sara and my private practice specialises in supporting women to move from struggle to freedom.  Whatever the reason you find yourself here, be it relationship challenges, low self-esteem, anxiety, depression or trauma, our work together will enable you to achieve a greater sense of clarity in your life and empower you to restore trust in yourself and in the decisions you make. ​I am passionate about sharing what I've learned from my own journey through loss, relationships and trauma, to empower other women who are also looking to live authentically and become the best version of themselves.
Hello. My name is Sara and my private practice specialises in supporting women to move from struggle to freedom.  Whatever the reason you find yourself here, be it relationship challenges, low self-esteem, anxiety, depression or trauma, our work together will enable you to achieve a greater sense of clarity in your life and empower you to restore trust in yourself and in the decisions you make. ​I am passionate about sharing what I've learned from my own journey through loss, relationships and trauma, to empower other women who are also looking to live authentically and become the best version of themselves.
01257 449424 View 01257 449424
Photo of Clare Madeline Yilmaz, Counsellor in Chorley, England
Clare Madeline Yilmaz
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, PNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Chorley PR7
Whatever difficulties you may be facing, I am here to help. I have more than 15 years experience supporting adults, children and teenagers with a wide range of emotional, behavioural and mental heath issues. I believe the therapeutic relationship is fundamental to the outcome of therapy, and provide warmth, understanding and a safe space to help you explore your thoughts and feelings with the aim of increasing your self-awareness and ability to manage your emotions and problems. I offer a free initial consulation to discuss the issues that have brought you to seek therapy and to explore how I may be able to help you.
Whatever difficulties you may be facing, I am here to help. I have more than 15 years experience supporting adults, children and teenagers with a wide range of emotional, behavioural and mental heath issues. I believe the therapeutic relationship is fundamental to the outcome of therapy, and provide warmth, understanding and a safe space to help you explore your thoughts and feelings with the aim of increasing your self-awareness and ability to manage your emotions and problems. I offer a free initial consulation to discuss the issues that have brought you to seek therapy and to explore how I may be able to help you.
01772 963059 View 01772 963059

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Abieyuwa Sonia Ebenezer-Bamigbayan, Counsellor in Chorley, England
Abieyuwa Sonia Ebenezer-Bamigbayan
Counsellor, MSc, BACP
Verified Verified
Bolton BL3  (Online Only)
I am Abieyuwa Sonia Ebenezer-Bamigbayan, but you may refer to me as Sonia. I am a certified Person-Centered Counselor and a practitioner of positive psychology. Additionally, I am a qualified life coach trained in Neuro-Linguistic Programming, Emotional Freedom Techniques, and Matrix Reimprinting, with a focus on trauma-informed care. I have extensive experience providing therapeutic services to individuals of all ages, including children, young people, adults, and parents. We offers both online and telephone counselling services. Our goal is to provide warm, empathetic, and professional service in a safe and compassionate manner
I am Abieyuwa Sonia Ebenezer-Bamigbayan, but you may refer to me as Sonia. I am a certified Person-Centered Counselor and a practitioner of positive psychology. Additionally, I am a qualified life coach trained in Neuro-Linguistic Programming, Emotional Freedom Techniques, and Matrix Reimprinting, with a focus on trauma-informed care. I have extensive experience providing therapeutic services to individuals of all ages, including children, young people, adults, and parents. We offers both online and telephone counselling services. Our goal is to provide warm, empathetic, and professional service in a safe and compassionate manner
01204 584116 View 01204 584116
Prof . F. Abdoola
Psychotherapist
Verified Verified
Bolton BL1
“MBBCHB - M.D, MCGP, D.Psychiatry, Aff.- RCPsych,RCGP -C.Alcohol &Substance”. Dr. F. Abdoola is a highly respected Consultant Psychiatrist, with over 20 years of experience working in mental health. He currently provides a non judgemental and confidential psychotherapy service, with the aim of individuals discovering , understanding and exploring their most inner, deepest and traumatic feelings and emotions. He helps Identify and managing the root/stressor's which are causing/contributing to their mental health difficulties. Dr. Abdoola takes a holistic, bespoke and individualised approach with children, adults, and older adults.
“MBBCHB - M.D, MCGP, D.Psychiatry, Aff.- RCPsych,RCGP -C.Alcohol &Substance”. Dr. F. Abdoola is a highly respected Consultant Psychiatrist, with over 20 years of experience working in mental health. He currently provides a non judgemental and confidential psychotherapy service, with the aim of individuals discovering , understanding and exploring their most inner, deepest and traumatic feelings and emotions. He helps Identify and managing the root/stressor's which are causing/contributing to their mental health difficulties. Dr. Abdoola takes a holistic, bespoke and individualised approach with children, adults, and older adults.
01772 503281 View 01772 503281
Photo of Dr Anna Ridding, Psychologist in Chorley, England
Dr Anna Ridding
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Preston PR5
Hello, I’m Anna and I’m here to support you in the next steps of your well-being journey. If you’ve ever felt lost or overwhelmed by your thoughts or feelings, I can provide support within a warm and safe environment to help build resilience and empower you to be the best version of yourself. The road ahead may seem long and challenging, and I am here to give you encouragement and support along the way. Whether you are struggling with low mood, anxiety, the aftermath of a traumatic experience, a physical health condition or relationship struggles, I promise to provide my expertise to enable you to meet your needs and goals.
Hello, I’m Anna and I’m here to support you in the next steps of your well-being journey. If you’ve ever felt lost or overwhelmed by your thoughts or feelings, I can provide support within a warm and safe environment to help build resilience and empower you to be the best version of yourself. The road ahead may seem long and challenging, and I am here to give you encouragement and support along the way. Whether you are struggling with low mood, anxiety, the aftermath of a traumatic experience, a physical health condition or relationship struggles, I promise to provide my expertise to enable you to meet your needs and goals.
01995 918856 View 01995 918856
Photo of 1 Life Therapy & Coaching, Psychologist in Chorley, England
1 Life Therapy & Coaching
Psychologist, MSc, GMBPsS
Verified Verified
Preston PR2
Hello, I am delighted to be able to offer one to one Cognitive behavioural therapy sessions in person or online. If you are struggling with low mood, anxiety, panic attacks or trauma, I would love to help you overcome these difficulties. Feelings of depression and anxiety can be very distressing and isolating, you may be thinking that life will always be this way, but it doesn't have to be. You can learn ways to manage your anxiety, improve your mood and overcome trauma so you can lead a happier, more fulfilling life.
Hello, I am delighted to be able to offer one to one Cognitive behavioural therapy sessions in person or online. If you are struggling with low mood, anxiety, panic attacks or trauma, I would love to help you overcome these difficulties. Feelings of depression and anxiety can be very distressing and isolating, you may be thinking that life will always be this way, but it doesn't have to be. You can learn ways to manage your anxiety, improve your mood and overcome trauma so you can lead a happier, more fulfilling life.
01772 503125 View 01772 503125
Photo of Ribble Valley Therapies, Psychotherapist in Chorley, England
Ribble Valley Therapies
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Preston PR1
I am a fully qualified Integrative Psychotherapist offering high quality therapy to clients with complex needs. I have experience of working with clients with a wide range of issues such as depression, anxiety, grief and loss, relationship issues and breakdown, PTSD, isolation, attachment issues, child hood trauma and self harm. My specialism has focussed on supporting clients who also battle addiction and I also have specific training on supporting survivors of rape and sexual assault. I value myself as a therapist who can tailor my therapy to meet the needs of my clients and integrates many psychological schools to do this.
I am a fully qualified Integrative Psychotherapist offering high quality therapy to clients with complex needs. I have experience of working with clients with a wide range of issues such as depression, anxiety, grief and loss, relationship issues and breakdown, PTSD, isolation, attachment issues, child hood trauma and self harm. My specialism has focussed on supporting clients who also battle addiction and I also have specific training on supporting survivors of rape and sexual assault. I value myself as a therapist who can tailor my therapy to meet the needs of my clients and integrates many psychological schools to do this.
01580 234754 View 01580 234754
Photo of Humera Patel, Counsellor in Chorley, England
Humera Patel
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Preston PR1
Warm Welcome! I am a qualified counsellor, my aim is to offer a space for clients to grow and flourish in different areas of life; the experience of therapy aims to empower and explore difficult issues in a safe, warm, therapeutic space. It has become my passion and one of my life goals to create and offer tools needed to flourish; in result reach your full potential. I have completed a diploma in therapeutic counselling. I am a registered member of the BACP which means that I follow an ethical framework and adhere to a professional governing body.
Warm Welcome! I am a qualified counsellor, my aim is to offer a space for clients to grow and flourish in different areas of life; the experience of therapy aims to empower and explore difficult issues in a safe, warm, therapeutic space. It has become my passion and one of my life goals to create and offer tools needed to flourish; in result reach your full potential. I have completed a diploma in therapeutic counselling. I am a registered member of the BACP which means that I follow an ethical framework and adhere to a professional governing body.
01772 285877 View 01772 285877
Photo of David Kinvig, Psychotherapist in Chorley, England
David Kinvig
Psychotherapist, MSc, BACP
Verified Verified
Preston PR2
I am trained in a range of modalities including cbt, mindfulness and systemic family therapy. As an accredited psychotherapist and supervisor I work across the full spectrum of psychological disorders. I have particular interest in all areas of trauma, OCD, eating disorders, high end groups, personality disorders, addiction, autism, learning disabilities and bereavement. I have a particular passion in working with suicidal people, survivors of suicide and with the families/friends of those whom live with the aftermath of suicide. I have particular interest in couple/relationship work. I am a trained and experienced family therapist.
I am trained in a range of modalities including cbt, mindfulness and systemic family therapy. As an accredited psychotherapist and supervisor I work across the full spectrum of psychological disorders. I have particular interest in all areas of trauma, OCD, eating disorders, high end groups, personality disorders, addiction, autism, learning disabilities and bereavement. I have a particular passion in working with suicidal people, survivors of suicide and with the families/friends of those whom live with the aftermath of suicide. I have particular interest in couple/relationship work. I am a trained and experienced family therapist.
01253 335645 View 01253 335645
Photo of Baldwin Therapy EMDR, Counsellor, CBT, Supervisor, Counsellor in Chorley, England
Baldwin Therapy EMDR, Counsellor, CBT, Supervisor
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Blackburn BB1
Baldwin Therapy offer EMDR, Counselling, CBT, Professional Supervision and training which can be delivered as face to face or online. Our therapists have over 22 years' experience of working with a wide range of mental health difficulty including anxiety and depression. The therapists work alongside the NHS, Private sector, the local authority and Education. A FREE 15 minute telephone consultation to discuss your needs and to look at what therapy would be best is available on request. Baldwin Therapy have both Male and Female therapists.
Baldwin Therapy offer EMDR, Counselling, CBT, Professional Supervision and training which can be delivered as face to face or online. Our therapists have over 22 years' experience of working with a wide range of mental health difficulty including anxiety and depression. The therapists work alongside the NHS, Private sector, the local authority and Education. A FREE 15 minute telephone consultation to discuss your needs and to look at what therapy would be best is available on request. Baldwin Therapy have both Male and Female therapists.
01254 964104 View 01254 964104
Photo of Paula Slater, Psychologist in Chorley, England
Paula Slater
Psychologist, MSc, GMBPsS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Preston PR1
I am a wife, a mother of 3 beautiful children, and a Psychologist. I have dedicated my life to helping adults, children and young people maintain their mental health and well-being. My mission has been to help and empower anyone to overcome their most challenging obstacles and start living happier and healthier lifestyles. My extensive experience means that I'm fully equipped to guide, support and assist you in building the life you clearly deserve. I aim to create a life balance that prioritises your well-being and celebrates all aspects of your true self. My approach is integrative and I am very down to earth.
I am a wife, a mother of 3 beautiful children, and a Psychologist. I have dedicated my life to helping adults, children and young people maintain their mental health and well-being. My mission has been to help and empower anyone to overcome their most challenging obstacles and start living happier and healthier lifestyles. My extensive experience means that I'm fully equipped to guide, support and assist you in building the life you clearly deserve. I aim to create a life balance that prioritises your well-being and celebrates all aspects of your true self. My approach is integrative and I am very down to earth.
01772 283893 View 01772 283893
Photo of Jennifer Eirlys Williams, Psychotherapist in Chorley, England
Jennifer Eirlys Williams
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Preston PR1
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, stress or unwanted behaviours or feelings during these challenging times? Perhaps you feel stuck, overwhelmed and don't know how to move forward? Do you feel like you're existing rather than living? Maybe deep down you know you'd benefit from some support and help to move beyond your current struggle, but feel fearful about reaching out for help? Are you looking for an approachable, empathetic and experienced therapist who will understand YOUR individual difficulties, needs and circumstances and support you to move forward in way that is meaningful to you?
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, stress or unwanted behaviours or feelings during these challenging times? Perhaps you feel stuck, overwhelmed and don't know how to move forward? Do you feel like you're existing rather than living? Maybe deep down you know you'd benefit from some support and help to move beyond your current struggle, but feel fearful about reaching out for help? Are you looking for an approachable, empathetic and experienced therapist who will understand YOUR individual difficulties, needs and circumstances and support you to move forward in way that is meaningful to you?
01695 668037 View 01695 668037
Photo of Keeley Louise Counselling, Counsellor in Chorley, England
Keeley Louise Counselling
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
Preston PR4
I am a caring, compassionate individual that has a natural empathy towards others. I aim to provide a safe space that will enable you to explore your current situation without fear of being judged. I will walk with you whilst you explore any challenges, emotions and feelings that may be holding you back from reaching your full potential. At times, we all need a helping hand or somebody to shine a torch through the darkness. Reaching out for support is not a sign of weakness, it takes strength and courage. I have experienced the benefits of counselling myself and feel humbled to be in a position to offer the same support to others.
I am a caring, compassionate individual that has a natural empathy towards others. I aim to provide a safe space that will enable you to explore your current situation without fear of being judged. I will walk with you whilst you explore any challenges, emotions and feelings that may be holding you back from reaching your full potential. At times, we all need a helping hand or somebody to shine a torch through the darkness. Reaching out for support is not a sign of weakness, it takes strength and courage. I have experienced the benefits of counselling myself and feel humbled to be in a position to offer the same support to others.
01772 963073 View 01772 963073
Photo of Diane Feeney - Counsellor And C B T Therapist, Counsellor in Chorley, England
Diane Feeney - Counsellor And C B T Therapist
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Preston PR1
FACE2FACE, online or phone OPEN 7 DAYS -Adults,Couples,Young People 4-18 & Families. Anxious,depressed,afraid,worried? Experienced CAMHS & IAPT Counsellor. WEBSITE: https:/www.diane-feeney-elements-in-counselling.com Here to listen Mob07494 120291 Small niggles growing or a big worry; Relationships? Bereaved? Issues causing anxieties leading to depression? Appt’s: Day,Eve, zoom/phone Short/long term. Providing Mindfulness/calming techniques, Play/Crafts/Art Therapy, Parenting Guidance/Support MBACP Reg no:299337 So...Do you Need to Talk? Perhaps just 1 Session or 1 Session At A Time Therapy! ADHD, OCD Asperger's.
FACE2FACE, online or phone OPEN 7 DAYS -Adults,Couples,Young People 4-18 & Families. Anxious,depressed,afraid,worried? Experienced CAMHS & IAPT Counsellor. WEBSITE: https:/www.diane-feeney-elements-in-counselling.com Here to listen Mob07494 120291 Small niggles growing or a big worry; Relationships? Bereaved? Issues causing anxieties leading to depression? Appt’s: Day,Eve, zoom/phone Short/long term. Providing Mindfulness/calming techniques, Play/Crafts/Art Therapy, Parenting Guidance/Support MBACP Reg no:299337 So...Do you Need to Talk? Perhaps just 1 Session or 1 Session At A Time Therapy! ADHD, OCD Asperger's.
01695 668292 View 01695 668292
Photo of Southport Counselling Service, Counsellor in Chorley, England
Southport Counselling Service
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Wigan WN3
Are you feeling stuck, facing a challenging period, struggling to cope or just wanting to understand yourself better? Are you feeling lost, powerless and helpless? You might have experienced a life changing event such as bereavement or divorce and be struggling with knowing how to cope with the future. Are you experiencing stress at work, even feelings of panic? I can help you explore these issues and others in a safe, quiet and relaxing environment. You are an expert on you. I look forward to hearing from you if you’d like to work with me.
Are you feeling stuck, facing a challenging period, struggling to cope or just wanting to understand yourself better? Are you feeling lost, powerless and helpless? You might have experienced a life changing event such as bereavement or divorce and be struggling with knowing how to cope with the future. Are you experiencing stress at work, even feelings of panic? I can help you explore these issues and others in a safe, quiet and relaxing environment. You are an expert on you. I look forward to hearing from you if you’d like to work with me.
01704 335558 View 01704 335558
Photo of Chris Oxborrow in Chorley, England
Chris Oxborrow
MA
Verified Verified
Egerton BL7
You may feel you manage well in most areas of your life but you experience stress in one particular life domain - maybe work, something from your past or your sense of achievement. I have 11 years post qualifying experience supporting clients with issues including trauma, mental health difficulties and challenging life circumstances in the social care, mental health fields and private practice, with adults, children/young people and groups. I work in collaboration with you to address issues which might be causing disruption to your sense of identity, control and achievement, your self-esteem, quality of life or relationships.
You may feel you manage well in most areas of your life but you experience stress in one particular life domain - maybe work, something from your past or your sense of achievement. I have 11 years post qualifying experience supporting clients with issues including trauma, mental health difficulties and challenging life circumstances in the social care, mental health fields and private practice, with adults, children/young people and groups. I work in collaboration with you to address issues which might be causing disruption to your sense of identity, control and achievement, your self-esteem, quality of life or relationships.
01204 803261 View 01204 803261
Photo of Clover Therapies, Counsellor in Chorley, England
Clover Therapies
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
Wigan WN1
Hi, my name is Karen. I gained my qualification in counselling and psychotherapy many years ago in 1997. I was privileged to attend an accredited course at Salford college. I also acquired certificates in sociology, psychology, child psychology, criminology, and hypnotherapy. Alongside the hypnotherapy certificate, I completed workshops in dream therapy, sex therapy, and inner child work. Over the years I have specialised in inner child work, and have witnessed many positive outcomes from using this technique. Since qualifying, I have worked with a diverse range of issues, of which no problem is too big or too small.
Hi, my name is Karen. I gained my qualification in counselling and psychotherapy many years ago in 1997. I was privileged to attend an accredited course at Salford college. I also acquired certificates in sociology, psychology, child psychology, criminology, and hypnotherapy. Alongside the hypnotherapy certificate, I completed workshops in dream therapy, sex therapy, and inner child work. Over the years I have specialised in inner child work, and have witnessed many positive outcomes from using this technique. Since qualifying, I have worked with a diverse range of issues, of which no problem is too big or too small.
01695 660436 View 01695 660436
Photo of Virginia Messina, Counsellor in Chorley, England
Virginia Messina
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bolton BL1  (Online Only)
Hi, Welcome to this page. I am Virginia, an experienced psychotherapeutic counsellor. I have a profound passion for working with clients who have experienced abusive relationships (romantic or parental) and so would need support in recovering from it, establishing a healthier relationship with the self, and significant ones.  If you have low self-esteem, anxiety about establishing new relationships, difficulty in trusting people, struggle with depression as a result of a break up or a loss, or have a tendency to take all the responsibility within your relationships, I would love to hear from you. Let's book a free 15 mins call.
Hi, Welcome to this page. I am Virginia, an experienced psychotherapeutic counsellor. I have a profound passion for working with clients who have experienced abusive relationships (romantic or parental) and so would need support in recovering from it, establishing a healthier relationship with the self, and significant ones.  If you have low self-esteem, anxiety about establishing new relationships, difficulty in trusting people, struggle with depression as a result of a break up or a loss, or have a tendency to take all the responsibility within your relationships, I would love to hear from you. Let's book a free 15 mins call.
01453 702647 View 01453 702647

See more therapy options for Chorley

Positive Psychology Counsellors

How does positive psychology therapy work?

Positive psychology therapy derives from the work of Martin Seligman of the University of Pennsylvania. He and others developed the field of positive psychology building on humanistic theory. Positive psychology therapy is similar to acceptance and commitment therapy, and it essentially quiets emotional distress through positivity, contentment, and well-being. This therapy does not reduce the individual to symptoms and conditions.

When do I know if I need treatment using positive psychology?

If an individual is overwhelmed by emotional distress and general negativity, they may feel trapped. A positive psychology therapist can help them view their emotions and behaviours differently, and approach life with a better understanding of their positive strengths. This therapy can provide an individual with the coping skills needed for a healthier and more constructive life.

What should I expect from positive psychology therapy?

The patient may be asked to explore their signature strengths. The therapist will also ask the individual to talk about their goals, which should be specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and timely. Discussing negative experiences and symptoms is important, but so is the exploration of positive experiences. The objective is to identify and lessen negative thoughts and behaviours and move toward optimal health and productivity. The individual will see life in a more positive and fulfilling way. This therapy is proactive and may use forgiveness, gratitude, hope, and compassion to help reframe negativity.

Is positive psychology effective in therapy?

Positive psychology therapy is evidence-based and effective. One study found that people with eating disorders benefit from this type of intervention. This therapy encourages the person to reframe their distressed thoughts and move into healthier patterns of functioning. This therapy also aims to move an individual toward what works well in their life. Positive psychology therapy can elicit lifelong change, with higher levels of satisfaction, less stress, as well as positive emotional and behavioural habits.