Photo of Annette Lowe, MA, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Annette Lowe
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Middle Park, VIC 3206
We all want to deal with the difficulties that limit our lives, to find strength and peace, and to create a meaningful life. We may have a specific problem, or simply a desire to work on ourselves. The deeper roots of long-standing problems lie in the unconscious, in unconscious patterns of behaviour. Therapy can pull up these deep roots into awareness, so that they can be understood, re-evaluated, and dissolved. New energy and liberating fresh perspectives replace old patterns in relationships, career, family and inner life.
We all want to deal with the difficulties that limit our lives, to find strength and peace, and to create a meaningful life. We may have a specific problem, or simply a desire to work on ourselves. The deeper roots of long-standing problems lie in the unconscious, in unconscious patterns of behaviour. Therapy can pull up these deep roots into awareness, so that they can be understood, re-evaluated, and dissolved. New energy and liberating fresh perspectives replace old patterns in relationships, career, family and inner life.
(03) 7003 2691 View (03) 7003 2691
Photo of Elise Osborne, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Elise Osborne
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Middle Park, VIC 3206
Do you find yourself feeling stressed, overwhelmed, anxious, low mood, or unsure where to turn to next? All these feelings are completely normal and part of the human experience. The key part is that you don’t need to do this alone. Welcome yourself to a calm, safe space where you can share your thoughts and experiences openly.
Do you find yourself feeling stressed, overwhelmed, anxious, low mood, or unsure where to turn to next? All these feelings are completely normal and part of the human experience. The key part is that you don’t need to do this alone. Welcome yourself to a calm, safe space where you can share your thoughts and experiences openly.
(03) 7003 2766 View (03) 7003 2766
Photo of Madonna Keightley - Madonna Counselling, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Madonna Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Albert Park, VIC 3206
Sex and Porn Addiction - does your partner prioritise pixels and prostitutes over deep genuine intimacy with you? Madonna is a professional counsellor with lived experience of painful intimate deception and betrayal and can help you work through the impact with empathy and understanding. With a person-centred approach, she will bring your attention to anything you may have overlooked and support you in your decision to stay or leave your relationship. Perhaps you need to learn how to set boundaries, or about sex and porn addiction and betrayal trauma? Or how trauma affects your body? Or how to cope with your complex, deep anger?
Sex and Porn Addiction - does your partner prioritise pixels and prostitutes over deep genuine intimacy with you? Madonna is a professional counsellor with lived experience of painful intimate deception and betrayal and can help you work through the impact with empathy and understanding. With a person-centred approach, she will bring your attention to anything you may have overlooked and support you in your decision to stay or leave your relationship. Perhaps you need to learn how to set boundaries, or about sex and porn addiction and betrayal trauma? Or how trauma affects your body? Or how to cope with your complex, deep anger?
(03) 7003 2380 View (03) 7003 2380
Photo of Clea Wallage, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Clea Wallage
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Albert Park, VIC 3206
Feeling stressed, anxious, overwhelmed? Are you struggling to work through some more challenging emotions and thoughts that may be re-occurring for you? Or are you stuck, lacking direction or finding it hard to find the motivation required to achieve your goals? My approach is to build a trusting and supportive partnership with you and to help you to identify the actions you require to best manage your stress levels and to achieve the things in life that are most important to you.
Feeling stressed, anxious, overwhelmed? Are you struggling to work through some more challenging emotions and thoughts that may be re-occurring for you? Or are you stuck, lacking direction or finding it hard to find the motivation required to achieve your goals? My approach is to build a trusting and supportive partnership with you and to help you to identify the actions you require to best manage your stress levels and to achieve the things in life that are most important to you.
(03) 7003 2914 View (03) 7003 2914
Photo of Danielle de Guara - Bay Psychology, MPsych, PsyBA - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Bay Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Middle Park, VIC 3206
Danielle de Guara (BA(Hons)(Psych/Psychophysiol), MPsych(Org), MPsych(Clin), MAPS) is a registered Clinical and Counselling Psychologist. Danielle provides a safe place to explore and treat all areas of mental health, personal concerns and well-being. A compassionate and open-minded psychologist, Danielle offers an opportunity for self-exploration, insight and growth. Treatment is individual and evidence-based.
Danielle de Guara (BA(Hons)(Psych/Psychophysiol), MPsych(Org), MPsych(Clin), MAPS) is a registered Clinical and Counselling Psychologist. Danielle provides a safe place to explore and treat all areas of mental health, personal concerns and well-being. A compassionate and open-minded psychologist, Danielle offers an opportunity for self-exploration, insight and growth. Treatment is individual and evidence-based.
(03) 7003 2856 View (03) 7003 2856
Photo of Dr Chris Trewavas, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Dr Chris Trewavas
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Middle Park, VIC 3206
My primary therapeutic goals are empowerment and personal growth. I take a practical approach, utilising evidence-based health care strategies that provide people with a set of skills they can take away with them and apply in everyday life.
My primary therapeutic goals are empowerment and personal growth. I take a practical approach, utilising evidence-based health care strategies that provide people with a set of skills they can take away with them and apply in everyday life.
(03) 7500 5866 View (03) 7500 5866
Photo of Dr Diego Zambrano Herrera - Transformative Health Coaching, MSc
Transformative Health Coaching
MSc
Verified Verified
Middle Park, VIC 3206
Transformative Health Coaching has been borne out of my commitment to change the approach to eating, exercise & perception of fitness. I have intentionally stepped away from traditional clinical treatment towards a preventative model of health. I offer my clients a personalised diet and exercise health plan that has been customised based on their unique bio-medical data to get the best outcomes and on-going coaching and counselling support to help overcome any mental/emotional barriers that might stand in the way of their success
Transformative Health Coaching has been borne out of my commitment to change the approach to eating, exercise & perception of fitness. I have intentionally stepped away from traditional clinical treatment towards a preventative model of health. I offer my clients a personalised diet and exercise health plan that has been customised based on their unique bio-medical data to get the best outcomes and on-going coaching and counselling support to help overcome any mental/emotional barriers that might stand in the way of their success
(03) 8338 1126 View (03) 8338 1126
Photo of Rachel Cliffe, AMHSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel Cliffe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Albert Park, VIC 3206
As an accredited Mental Health Social Worker and registered counsellor/trauma therapist, I use therapeutic modalities that move beyond symptom management to address underlying root causes. I work with clients struggling with mood and anxiety disorders and shame/low self worth. I have a special interest in the impact and treatment of trauma, including working with PTSD, attachment/relationship issues and sexual assault/abuse. I am committed to a safe and non-judgemental approach where we work collaboratively to identify what you are wanting to change and how to go about it, in the least distressing and most effective way possible.
As an accredited Mental Health Social Worker and registered counsellor/trauma therapist, I use therapeutic modalities that move beyond symptom management to address underlying root causes. I work with clients struggling with mood and anxiety disorders and shame/low self worth. I have a special interest in the impact and treatment of trauma, including working with PTSD, attachment/relationship issues and sexual assault/abuse. I am committed to a safe and non-judgemental approach where we work collaboratively to identify what you are wanting to change and how to go about it, in the least distressing and most effective way possible.
(03) 7003 2238 View (03) 7003 2238
Photo of Nicole Rowan, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Nicole Rowan
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Albert Park, VIC 3206
I am a Clinical Psychologist with over 10 years experience across public and private mental health settings, with extensive experience working with children and adolescents. I have a particular interest in attachment and impacts across the lifespan, perinatal psychology and the parent-infant relationship. I further enjoy working with attachment-based concerns, supporting clients through periods of major life transitions, trauma and significant life events, along with relationship and interpersonal issues.
I am a Clinical Psychologist with over 10 years experience across public and private mental health settings, with extensive experience working with children and adolescents. I have a particular interest in attachment and impacts across the lifespan, perinatal psychology and the parent-infant relationship. I further enjoy working with attachment-based concerns, supporting clients through periods of major life transitions, trauma and significant life events, along with relationship and interpersonal issues.
(03) 9125 0857 View (03) 9125 0857
Photo of Tamara Wiltshire - Mind Body Sports Psychology, MPsych, Psychologist
Mind Body Sports Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych
Verified Verified
Albert Park, VIC 3206
Mind Body Sports Psychology supports individuals of all ages in connecting, building confidence, and leading meaningful lives warmly, empathetically, and in a relaxed manner. We believe that the therapeutic interaction itself is what makes therapy successful. We promote an atmosphere where people feel safe and secure, heard, respected, and cared for. Mind Body Sports Psychology has specialised expertise in working with athletes of all ages across a spectrum of mental health, wellness, and performance.
Mind Body Sports Psychology supports individuals of all ages in connecting, building confidence, and leading meaningful lives warmly, empathetically, and in a relaxed manner. We believe that the therapeutic interaction itself is what makes therapy successful. We promote an atmosphere where people feel safe and secure, heard, respected, and cared for. Mind Body Sports Psychology has specialised expertise in working with athletes of all ages across a spectrum of mental health, wellness, and performance.
(03) 7003 2514 View (03) 7003 2514
Photo of Nonie Carr, MPsych, Australian Association of Psychologists - Member, Psychologist
Nonie Carr
Psychologist, MPsych, Australian Association of Psychologists - Member
Verified Verified
Albert Park, VIC 3206
You might seek help from me because you want to perform more effectively and be the best you can be. You might want to learn to manage your anxiety more effectively. You may want to learn to regulate your mood so your low moods have less impact on your day-to-day life. You might want to learn to relate better to others. You might want to learn more about yourself and your values and how this could impact on behaviour and on others. You might be struggling with changes and want to learn how to struggle less or to integrate these changes into your life in an easier way. You want to live your most enhanced life.
You might seek help from me because you want to perform more effectively and be the best you can be. You might want to learn to manage your anxiety more effectively. You may want to learn to regulate your mood so your low moods have less impact on your day-to-day life. You might want to learn to relate better to others. You might want to learn more about yourself and your values and how this could impact on behaviour and on others. You might be struggling with changes and want to learn how to struggle less or to integrate these changes into your life in an easier way. You want to live your most enhanced life.
(03) 9070 5732 View (03) 9070 5732
Photo of Dr Bella Marker, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Dr Bella Marker
Psychologist, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Middle Park, VIC 3206
Hello and welcome – My name is Bella; I am a clinical psychologist. I work with clients who experience negative self-talk. Many of us walk around with negative views of ourselves; which can lead to depression, anxiety, eating disorders and a wide range of other symptoms. I enjoy helping clients make sense of their negative inner voice - whether this was shaped by childhood trauma/neglect or a feeling of being different (for example growing up with ADHD, or growing up in a marginalised community such as LGBTIQA+ folks). The clients I see not only want to reduce their symptoms, but also wish to start seeing themselves more positively.
Hello and welcome – My name is Bella; I am a clinical psychologist. I work with clients who experience negative self-talk. Many of us walk around with negative views of ourselves; which can lead to depression, anxiety, eating disorders and a wide range of other symptoms. I enjoy helping clients make sense of their negative inner voice - whether this was shaped by childhood trauma/neglect or a feeling of being different (for example growing up with ADHD, or growing up in a marginalised community such as LGBTIQA+ folks). The clients I see not only want to reduce their symptoms, but also wish to start seeing themselves more positively.
(03) 7003 2670 View (03) 7003 2670
Photo of Jen O’Bryan - jenobryancounselling , PACFA, Psychotherapist
jenobryancounselling
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
Albert Park, VIC 3206
Have you tried talk therapy and not found any lasting relief from your distress? We are so much more than our mind and thoughts. Most conventional mental health services can only take us so far on our healing journey. Our suffering is the product of what happened to us in our life and labels or a diagnosis is only part of our story. Your distress, whether it is overwhelming emotions, anxiety, sadness or relationship issues need your attention and working deeper with your self and your body can have a longer lasting effect.
Have you tried talk therapy and not found any lasting relief from your distress? We are so much more than our mind and thoughts. Most conventional mental health services can only take us so far on our healing journey. Our suffering is the product of what happened to us in our life and labels or a diagnosis is only part of our story. Your distress, whether it is overwhelming emotions, anxiety, sadness or relationship issues need your attention and working deeper with your self and your body can have a longer lasting effect.
(03) 7003 2611 View (03) 7003 2611
Photo of Clea Alexander, MBBS
Clea Alexander
MBBS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Middle Park, VIC 3206
Hello - my name is Clea - I am a Lifestyle Medicine GP and Health Coach with training in provision of Focussed Psychological Strategies, including ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy) and motivational interviewing. For further information, please visit www.resonancelifestyle.com.au
Hello - my name is Clea - I am a Lifestyle Medicine GP and Health Coach with training in provision of Focussed Psychological Strategies, including ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy) and motivational interviewing. For further information, please visit www.resonancelifestyle.com.au
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Photo of Tas Manolopoulos, ACA-L2, Psychotherapist
Tas Manolopoulos
Psychotherapist, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Albert Park, VIC 3206
I have been working as a Counsellor and Psychotherapist in Private Practice since 2011. My aim is to create spaces of trust for clients to explore the intricacy of their own lives, to identify the fullness and complexity of their experience, to come to terms with themselves, and to release behaviour which no longer serves them. My work is Humanistic, Person Centred and Emotion Focused, and I use the integrative approaches of my training as entry points for us to language, feel, and honour, all that we carry deeply within us.
I have been working as a Counsellor and Psychotherapist in Private Practice since 2011. My aim is to create spaces of trust for clients to explore the intricacy of their own lives, to identify the fullness and complexity of their experience, to come to terms with themselves, and to release behaviour which no longer serves them. My work is Humanistic, Person Centred and Emotion Focused, and I use the integrative approaches of my training as entry points for us to language, feel, and honour, all that we carry deeply within us.
(03) 7003 2801 View (03) 7003 2801
Photo of Vanessa Karagiannis, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Vanessa Karagiannis
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Albert Park, VIC 3206
With a passion for guiding her clients towards personal growth and achieving their untapped potential, Vanessa is dedicated to enhancing their overall well-being, quality of life, & relationships. Drawing upon her expertise in psychology, she positively impacts her clients & empower them to lead fulfilling & meaningful lives. Having worked with individuals of various ages, including children & adolescents, & a diverse range of challenges, Vanessa has the clinical training to assist individuals, couples, & families on overcoming challenges to thriving.
With a passion for guiding her clients towards personal growth and achieving their untapped potential, Vanessa is dedicated to enhancing their overall well-being, quality of life, & relationships. Drawing upon her expertise in psychology, she positively impacts her clients & empower them to lead fulfilling & meaningful lives. Having worked with individuals of various ages, including children & adolescents, & a diverse range of challenges, Vanessa has the clinical training to assist individuals, couples, & families on overcoming challenges to thriving.
(03) 8658 1579 View (03) 8658 1579
Photo of Nicole Osborn - Art of Mindful Psychology - Nicole Osborn, Psychotherapist
Art of Mindful Psychology - Nicole Osborn
Psychotherapist
Verified Verified
Middle Park, VIC 3206
I am an NDIS Registered Child and Adolescent Psycotherapist sp in Autism with Advanced training in Acceptance Commitment Therapy. I offer analysis, Behavioral Therapy, ABA, Art as Therapy, and Emotional and Psychological support for all ages, and needs, including parents, families, schools and teachers. Areas include autism, anxiety, depression, ADD, ADHD, OCD, grief/loss, social and behavioural issues, sexual assault and more. I am known for my unconventional ways of working which works well with children and young adults. Please email info@artofmindfulpsychology with a brief description and best contact to arrange an appointment.
I am an NDIS Registered Child and Adolescent Psycotherapist sp in Autism with Advanced training in Acceptance Commitment Therapy. I offer analysis, Behavioral Therapy, ABA, Art as Therapy, and Emotional and Psychological support for all ages, and needs, including parents, families, schools and teachers. Areas include autism, anxiety, depression, ADD, ADHD, OCD, grief/loss, social and behavioural issues, sexual assault and more. I am known for my unconventional ways of working which works well with children and young adults. Please email info@artofmindfulpsychology with a brief description and best contact to arrange an appointment.
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Photo of Joanne Dennison - South Yarra Psychology, FAPS, Psychologist
South Yarra Psychology
Psychologist, FAPS
Verified Verified
Middle Park, VIC 3206
South Yarra Psychology sees clients with a wide range of presenting issues. The practice has a team of highly-qualified psychologists. The practice offers a free 10-minute 'psychologist matching appointment' for new clients (via telephone); to discuss their treatment needs and recommend a psychologist who is best suited to these. Appointments (including the free psychologist matching appointment) can be booked through the practice's online booking system (accessible via www.SYP.au). The website also contains profiles on each of the psychologists, with their specific interests and treatment approaches.
South Yarra Psychology sees clients with a wide range of presenting issues. The practice has a team of highly-qualified psychologists. The practice offers a free 10-minute 'psychologist matching appointment' for new clients (via telephone); to discuss their treatment needs and recommend a psychologist who is best suited to these. Appointments (including the free psychologist matching appointment) can be booked through the practice's online booking system (accessible via www.SYP.au). The website also contains profiles on each of the psychologists, with their specific interests and treatment approaches.
(03) 9070 5676 View (03) 9070 5676
Photo of Sara Taylor - Melbourne Centre of Psychotherapy and Consultancy, PhD, MAPS, Psychologist
Melbourne Centre of Psychotherapy and Consultancy
Psychologist, PhD, MAPS
Verified Verified
Albert Park, VIC 3206
The Melbourne Centre of Psychotherapy and Consultancy provides a peaceful environment where you are nurtured & respected. MCPC Psychologists & Psychotherapists work with adults, children & couples to provide therapeutic care for a broad range of mental health and interpersonal issues. Alongside our director Dr Sara Taylor we have 7 practitioners with different areas of expertise. We apply and integrate psychological therapies that best suit your needs, your preferences, and your specific mental health issues.
The Melbourne Centre of Psychotherapy and Consultancy provides a peaceful environment where you are nurtured & respected. MCPC Psychologists & Psychotherapists work with adults, children & couples to provide therapeutic care for a broad range of mental health and interpersonal issues. Alongside our director Dr Sara Taylor we have 7 practitioners with different areas of expertise. We apply and integrate psychological therapies that best suit your needs, your preferences, and your specific mental health issues.
(03) 7003 2565 View (03) 7003 2565
Photo of Dr Galit Hasen, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Dr Galit Hasen
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Albert Park, VIC 3206
I work with adults and young adults to provide support through difficult periods, including anxiety and mood issues, transitions in life, relationship issues, identity and mental health problems. I can provide ADHD assessments to adults. I see my role and strength as a therapist as understanding the unique felt experience of each person I see. This forms the basis of our work together and the place from which we make sense of the difficulties that bring you to therapy.
I work with adults and young adults to provide support through difficult periods, including anxiety and mood issues, transitions in life, relationship issues, identity and mental health problems. I can provide ADHD assessments to adults. I see my role and strength as a therapist as understanding the unique felt experience of each person I see. This forms the basis of our work together and the place from which we make sense of the difficulties that bring you to therapy.
(03) 7003 2062 View (03) 7003 2062
1

See more therapy options for 3206

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in 3206

50+

Average cost per session

$200

Counsellors in 3206 who prioritize treating:

89% Anxiety
80% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
76% Depression
76% Stress
64% Coping Skills
62% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Medicare Rebates
45% Bupa
41% Medibank Private

How Counsellors in 3206 see their clients

93% In Person and Online
7% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
18% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in 3206?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.