Counselling in 3184

Photo of Nina Stevanovic - Nina Stevanovic Psychology, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Nina Stevanovic Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Elwood, VIC 3184
Hi there! I have set up my own little practice in the leafy green suburbs of Elwood and Ashburton. I work with adults and teens and combine a number of different therapeutic approaches depending on individual needs. I particularly love supporting women in identifying their unique gifts and strengths, as well as getting to know all the different aspects of who they are, what they desire, and the blockages that keep things stuck. I primarily work in the areas of: anxiety, depression, body image, self-esteem, confidence, perfectionism, eating challenges, social anxiety, and trauma.
Hi there! I have set up my own little practice in the leafy green suburbs of Elwood and Ashburton. I work with adults and teens and combine a number of different therapeutic approaches depending on individual needs. I particularly love supporting women in identifying their unique gifts and strengths, as well as getting to know all the different aspects of who they are, what they desire, and the blockages that keep things stuck. I primarily work in the areas of: anxiety, depression, body image, self-esteem, confidence, perfectionism, eating challenges, social anxiety, and trauma.
(03) 7500 5471 View (03) 7500 5471
Photo of Ciaran Barton, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Ciaran Barton
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Elwood, VIC 3184
I am a Clinical Psychologist with extensive experience understanding the complexities within relationships, providing support to both individuals, couples, and families. I help clients improve communication, navigate conflict, and strengthen emotional connection. I also work with anxiety, depression, and life transitions using evidence-based therapies. I have national experience conducting psychological assessments in Family Law matters, including psychological risk evaluations, ASD, ADHD, and FASD. I also use Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to address the needs of my clients.
I am a Clinical Psychologist with extensive experience understanding the complexities within relationships, providing support to both individuals, couples, and families. I help clients improve communication, navigate conflict, and strengthen emotional connection. I also work with anxiety, depression, and life transitions using evidence-based therapies. I have national experience conducting psychological assessments in Family Law matters, including psychological risk evaluations, ASD, ADHD, and FASD. I also use Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to address the needs of my clients.
0414 289 400 View 0414 289 400
Photo of Andrew Boxer (And Pawfessor Morty), Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA Endorsed
Andrew Boxer (And Pawfessor Morty)
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA Endorsed
1 Endorsed
Elwood, VIC 3184
Research shows that the therapeutic relationship (e.g., how well you get along with your psychologist) can be just as important as the work we do together. I think therapy should not be rigid and I try to emulate that. I have a very open and relaxed manner that I hope will allow you to feel comfortable in describing your situation. Pawfessor Morty (a Hungarian Vizsla) has now joined the therapy team, and he looks forward to helping you feel warm and welcomed too!
Research shows that the therapeutic relationship (e.g., how well you get along with your psychologist) can be just as important as the work we do together. I think therapy should not be rigid and I try to emulate that. I have a very open and relaxed manner that I hope will allow you to feel comfortable in describing your situation. Pawfessor Morty (a Hungarian Vizsla) has now joined the therapy team, and he looks forward to helping you feel warm and welcomed too!
(03) 7003 2271 View (03) 7003 2271
Photo of Sally Boothby, Counsellor, MA, ACA-L2
Sally Boothby
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L2
Elwood, VIC 3184
I have over 25 years' experience of supporting and empowering people in a range of settings. I currently run my own practice in Elwood, focusing on supporting people to improve the quality of their lives. Specialising in (but not limited to) anxiety, addictive behaviours, trauma recovery, family violence, and ADHD, I bring a range of therapeutic techniques to my practice.
I have over 25 years' experience of supporting and empowering people in a range of settings. I currently run my own practice in Elwood, focusing on supporting people to improve the quality of their lives. Specialising in (but not limited to) anxiety, addictive behaviours, trauma recovery, family violence, and ADHD, I bring a range of therapeutic techniques to my practice.
(03) 7003 2881 View (03) 7003 2881
Photo of Josey Roydhouse - Coupled, Psychotherapist, PACFA
Coupled
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Elwood, VIC 3184
I am an experienced Psychotherapist that specialises in couple and indivual therapy. My approach is understanding, supportive and non-judgemental. I want to create a safe and compassionate space for my clients and support them in making deeper connections with their partners. I also provide specific practical tools to help my clients deepen their relationships and create more meaningful connections.
I am an experienced Psychotherapist that specialises in couple and indivual therapy. My approach is understanding, supportive and non-judgemental. I want to create a safe and compassionate space for my clients and support them in making deeper connections with their partners. I also provide specific practical tools to help my clients deepen their relationships and create more meaningful connections.
0402 705 403 View 0402 705 403
Photo of Rob Flynn - Dr Rob Psychology, Psychologist, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Dr Rob Psychology
Psychologist, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
2 Endorsed
Elwood, VIC 3184
I am a Clincial Psychologist who is APHRA registered and an Australian Psychological Society Member (MAPS). I have over 10 years of experience working with children, adolescents, young adults and families. I have completed a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology, Masters in Sport & Exercise Psychology with Commendation and Bachelor of Science Degree with Honours in Psychology. I have substantial experience of working with a range of client groups across the lifespan in a variety of settings.
I am a Clincial Psychologist who is APHRA registered and an Australian Psychological Society Member (MAPS). I have over 10 years of experience working with children, adolescents, young adults and families. I have completed a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology, Masters in Sport & Exercise Psychology with Commendation and Bachelor of Science Degree with Honours in Psychology. I have substantial experience of working with a range of client groups across the lifespan in a variety of settings.
(03) 7003 2940 View (03) 7003 2940
Photo of Ilana Laps, Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Ilana Laps
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Elwood, VIC 3184
I am an experienced psychotherapist, counsellor and educator, with additional niche interests in non-duality and working therapeutically with dreams. I have 20 years of professional experience working with life's grief, bereavement and existential concerns, such as finding meaning after loss, being with and growing through traumatic events, and facing our own mortality.
I am an experienced psychotherapist, counsellor and educator, with additional niche interests in non-duality and working therapeutically with dreams. I have 20 years of professional experience working with life's grief, bereavement and existential concerns, such as finding meaning after loss, being with and growing through traumatic events, and facing our own mortality.
(03) 7003 2636 View (03) 7003 2636
Photo of George Gintilas, Psychotherapist, PACFA
George Gintilas
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Elwood, VIC 3184
I work as a Somatic Body/Subconscious based Psychotherapist. With a deep and strong expertise in helping clients release and heal complex trauma. In private practice since 1991. (Full-time since 1997.) Sessions are 90 mins long to allow deeper, more connected and focused work. There is less talking and more time focused on your internal body with very deep somatic mindfulness work. Help embody more of your spirit into your body. Help free the blocks to your aliveness, feelings, vitality, confidence, joy, love and peace of mind. Release chronic pain and anxiety. Move and feel your body into greater health and wellbeing.
I work as a Somatic Body/Subconscious based Psychotherapist. With a deep and strong expertise in helping clients release and heal complex trauma. In private practice since 1991. (Full-time since 1997.) Sessions are 90 mins long to allow deeper, more connected and focused work. There is less talking and more time focused on your internal body with very deep somatic mindfulness work. Help embody more of your spirit into your body. Help free the blocks to your aliveness, feelings, vitality, confidence, joy, love and peace of mind. Release chronic pain and anxiety. Move and feel your body into greater health and wellbeing.
(03) 7003 2918 View (03) 7003 2918
Photo of Rhiannon Lewis, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Rhiannon Lewis
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Online Only
With warmth and compassion, I provide evidence-based care to support mental health and well-being. My approach to mental health is holistic, recognising that psychological wellbeing comes from nurturing all aspects of yourself, as this is essence of being Selfful. With genuine support, I'm here to guide you toward a more Selfful life—one that honours and respects all parts of who you are and aligns with your authentic self.
With warmth and compassion, I provide evidence-based care to support mental health and well-being. My approach to mental health is holistic, recognising that psychological wellbeing comes from nurturing all aspects of yourself, as this is essence of being Selfful. With genuine support, I'm here to guide you toward a more Selfful life—one that honours and respects all parts of who you are and aligns with your authentic self.
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Photo of Dr Shikha Gray, Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA General
Dr Shikha Gray
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA General
Elwood, VIC 3184
I work with individuals & couples facing trauma, anxiety, depression, identity concerns & relationship problems. In therapy, I attend to what’s happening for you in the moment and what’s led to things being this way, while also making sense with you of deeper patterns shaping your inner world & relationships. These patterns may stem from early family dynamics, loss & trauma, or struggles with self-worth. I’m mindful that race, gender, sexuality, and migration can influence how you move through the world, and you're met by it. I offer a reflective space to explore all these layers, always guided by what matters most to you.
I work with individuals & couples facing trauma, anxiety, depression, identity concerns & relationship problems. In therapy, I attend to what’s happening for you in the moment and what’s led to things being this way, while also making sense with you of deeper patterns shaping your inner world & relationships. These patterns may stem from early family dynamics, loss & trauma, or struggles with self-worth. I’m mindful that race, gender, sexuality, and migration can influence how you move through the world, and you're met by it. I offer a reflective space to explore all these layers, always guided by what matters most to you.
(03) 7003 2197 View (03) 7003 2197
Photo of Helene levin, Counsellor, ACA-L3
Helene levin
Counsellor, ACA-L3
Elwood, VIC 3184
My clients are diverse and come from different cultures and are different ages and genders. Talking about their issues in a safe, secure, confidential space is therapeutic in itself, as is the importance of empowering my clients, validating their concerns, and normalising their experiences. Sometimes this is all my clients need. Others require assistance in setting goals, acquiring tools to manage their anxiety, tools to help them live independant, flourishing lives, knowing that they have the strategies, techniques and of course insight into themselves.
My clients are diverse and come from different cultures and are different ages and genders. Talking about their issues in a safe, secure, confidential space is therapeutic in itself, as is the importance of empowering my clients, validating their concerns, and normalising their experiences. Sometimes this is all my clients need. Others require assistance in setting goals, acquiring tools to manage their anxiety, tools to help them live independant, flourishing lives, knowing that they have the strategies, techniques and of course insight into themselves.
(03) 7003 2596 View (03) 7003 2596
Photo of Michelle van Kampen, Psychotherapist, PACFA
Michelle van Kampen
Psychotherapist, PACFA
3 Endorsed
Elwood, VIC 3184
Hello, I’m Michelle, a Gestalt Psychotherapist, Supervisor, and Equine-Assisted Practitioner. I specialise in supporting individuals who have experienced trauma—both past and recent—offering holistic, personalised therapy that honours each person’s unique journey. Gestalt therapy helps clients deepen their self-awareness, explore how they make sense of the world, and reconnect with presence, rest, and vitality.
Hello, I’m Michelle, a Gestalt Psychotherapist, Supervisor, and Equine-Assisted Practitioner. I specialise in supporting individuals who have experienced trauma—both past and recent—offering holistic, personalised therapy that honours each person’s unique journey. Gestalt therapy helps clients deepen their self-awareness, explore how they make sense of the world, and reconnect with presence, rest, and vitality.
(03) 9531 5050 View (03) 9531 5050
Photo of Amanda D'Costa - AJ D'Costa Counselling , Counsellor, MA, PACFA
AJ D'Costa Counselling
Counsellor, MA, PACFA
1 Endorsed
Elwood, VIC 3184
Hello, I'm AJ (Amanda), a Professional Counsellor of South Asian heritage based in Naarm/Melbourne, working in community health & private practice. Whether you're facing a specific challenge or wish to understand broader life patterns, I can provide kind, trauma-aware & evidence-based support for anxiety/panic attacks, depression, chronic stress, cultural/religious issues, self-esteem/body image concerns, substance dependency, chronic health conditions, LGBTQIA+ themes, life transitions, grief/bereavement & other challenges. Feel free to reach out for a free 15-minute consultation to see if my practice is a good fit for you.
Hello, I'm AJ (Amanda), a Professional Counsellor of South Asian heritage based in Naarm/Melbourne, working in community health & private practice. Whether you're facing a specific challenge or wish to understand broader life patterns, I can provide kind, trauma-aware & evidence-based support for anxiety/panic attacks, depression, chronic stress, cultural/religious issues, self-esteem/body image concerns, substance dependency, chronic health conditions, LGBTQIA+ themes, life transitions, grief/bereavement & other challenges. Feel free to reach out for a free 15-minute consultation to see if my practice is a good fit for you.
(03) 9909 8812 View (03) 9909 8812
Photo of Rivkah Pincus - Inner Calm Counselling, Counsellor, PACFA
Inner Calm Counselling
Counsellor, PACFA
Serves Area
Hi, I’m Rivkah. I specialize in supporting women through the unique challenges of motherhood, from fertility struggles and pregnancy to postpartum adjustments and life transitions. As a mother and professional, I understand the pressures of balancing it all. I offer a warm, non-judgmental space to explore anxiety, depression, grief, and relationship changes. With genuine listening and a compassionate approach, I support you to navigate life’s complexities with greater calm and confidence.
Hi, I’m Rivkah. I specialize in supporting women through the unique challenges of motherhood, from fertility struggles and pregnancy to postpartum adjustments and life transitions. As a mother and professional, I understand the pressures of balancing it all. I offer a warm, non-judgmental space to explore anxiety, depression, grief, and relationship changes. With genuine listening and a compassionate approach, I support you to navigate life’s complexities with greater calm and confidence.
(08) 6029 4337 View (08) 6029 4337
Photo of Mary Ann Oakley - Brighton East Counselling, Psychotherapist, ACA-L1
Brighton East Counselling
Psychotherapist, ACA-L1
Serves Area
Mary Ann Oakley is the founder of Brighton East Counselling and an experienced psychotherapist. She employs a non-judgemental and empathetic approach to address a wide range of issues in adults of all ages. Her expertise includes treating anxiety, depression, stress, relationship difficulties, low self-esteem, adjustment challenges, life transitions, workplace problems, sleep issues, grief, addictions, and managing difficult emotions. Mary Ann utilizes evidence-based treatments and tailors therapy to meet each client's unique needs including CBT and Acceptance and Commitment therapy.
Mary Ann Oakley is the founder of Brighton East Counselling and an experienced psychotherapist. She employs a non-judgemental and empathetic approach to address a wide range of issues in adults of all ages. Her expertise includes treating anxiety, depression, stress, relationship difficulties, low self-esteem, adjustment challenges, life transitions, workplace problems, sleep issues, grief, addictions, and managing difficult emotions. Mary Ann utilizes evidence-based treatments and tailors therapy to meet each client's unique needs including CBT and Acceptance and Commitment therapy.
(03) 7003 2042 View (03) 7003 2042
Photo of Christine Weber, Counsellor, MA, PACFA
Christine Weber
Counsellor, MA, PACFA
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
You may have come to this site because you feel stuck – because you are not moving in the direction you most want to. You may feel aspects of your life could be better, or you may be dealing with problems that feel overwhelming. These feelings may be related to your work, relationships or health, or they may be about your attitudes and feelings toward yourself. You may not know what is wrong or why you feel the way you do. Whatever the issue, I hope I am able to help.
You may have come to this site because you feel stuck – because you are not moving in the direction you most want to. You may feel aspects of your life could be better, or you may be dealing with problems that feel overwhelming. These feelings may be related to your work, relationships or health, or they may be about your attitudes and feelings toward yourself. You may not know what is wrong or why you feel the way you do. Whatever the issue, I hope I am able to help.
(03) 6120 6374 View (03) 6120 6374
Photo of Denise Wong, Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Denise Wong
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Serves Area
Denise emphasises establishing a strong connection, before exploring thoughts, feelings, and narratives to help clients develop insight into their difficulties. And most importantly, Denise is passionate about turning insights into action to improve the quality of people’s lives. Denise has experience supporting individuals across the lifespan with anxiety, depression, interpersonal difficulties, trauma, self-esteem, and body image concerns. Moreover, Denise supports people to better understand themselves for personal growth. Denise has experience in private practice, schools, telehealth and crisis support.
Denise emphasises establishing a strong connection, before exploring thoughts, feelings, and narratives to help clients develop insight into their difficulties. And most importantly, Denise is passionate about turning insights into action to improve the quality of people’s lives. Denise has experience supporting individuals across the lifespan with anxiety, depression, interpersonal difficulties, trauma, self-esteem, and body image concerns. Moreover, Denise supports people to better understand themselves for personal growth. Denise has experience in private practice, schools, telehealth and crisis support.
(03) 7003 2927 View (03) 7003 2927
Photo of Gabrielle Klepfisz, Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA General
Gabrielle Klepfisz
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA General
Serves Area
I am a clinical and forensic psychologist who has experience and knowledge in a variety of areas including mood/affective disorders, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, forensic mental health, substance use, anger management, and trauma. I help clients who are struggling with substance use, anxiety, depression, and/or difficult or traumatic experiences, better understand what has been going on for them, and together, we will make a plan for how best to address these concerns.
I am a clinical and forensic psychologist who has experience and knowledge in a variety of areas including mood/affective disorders, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, forensic mental health, substance use, anger management, and trauma. I help clients who are struggling with substance use, anxiety, depression, and/or difficult or traumatic experiences, better understand what has been going on for them, and together, we will make a plan for how best to address these concerns.
(03) 9994 1733 View (03) 9994 1733
Photo of Jan Eppingstall, Counsellor, PhD, ACA-L2
Jan Eppingstall
Counsellor, PhD, ACA-L2
Serves Area
Are you forever in dread of the doorbell? Do you feel overwhelmed by the way you’re living and wish you could let go of possessions so you can live a full life with less? Or are you ready to let go of a lost loved one's things but don't think you have the ability to handle the raw emotions it will raise? At times our possessions provide us with comfort, remind us of people who have past through our lives, or help us feel in control in a world of chaos and constant change. However, if you are spending hours of your day dealing with, thinking about, or accumulating possessions instead of doing other valuable activities you need help.
Are you forever in dread of the doorbell? Do you feel overwhelmed by the way you’re living and wish you could let go of possessions so you can live a full life with less? Or are you ready to let go of a lost loved one's things but don't think you have the ability to handle the raw emotions it will raise? At times our possessions provide us with comfort, remind us of people who have past through our lives, or help us feel in control in a world of chaos and constant change. However, if you are spending hours of your day dealing with, thinking about, or accumulating possessions instead of doing other valuable activities you need help.
(03) 8613 3453 View (03) 8613 3453
Photo of Amy Somers, Counsellor, ACA-L1
Amy Somers
Counsellor, ACA-L1
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Welcome! Below I have a current note of my upcoming session times: we can also have a call prior to see if it feels right for you. I have a lot of experience and a particular interest in working with people who experienced childhood abuse, trauma, and neglect, and are struggling with the pain that can carry through to adulthood including low self-worth, anxiety, feeling like a failure, perfectionism, difficulties in relationships, addiction, and struggle with body image. A core part of many emotional issues is inner-criticism and I am passionate about working with this very human, yet very painful way of treating ourselves.
Welcome! Below I have a current note of my upcoming session times: we can also have a call prior to see if it feels right for you. I have a lot of experience and a particular interest in working with people who experienced childhood abuse, trauma, and neglect, and are struggling with the pain that can carry through to adulthood including low self-worth, anxiety, feeling like a failure, perfectionism, difficulties in relationships, addiction, and struggle with body image. A core part of many emotional issues is inner-criticism and I am passionate about working with this very human, yet very painful way of treating ourselves.
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See more therapy options for 3184

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in 3184

70+

Average cost per session

$199

Counsellors in 3184 who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
86% Depression
85% Self Esteem
82% Relationship Issues
81% Stress
72% Trauma and PTSD
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

72% Medicare Rebates
44% Bupa
41% NDIS

How Counsellors in 3184 see their clients

82% In Person and Online
18% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
22% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in 3184?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.