Depression Therapists in Twin Lakes, WI

Photo of Sandra Eiler - Thrive Therapy Services, MA, LPC, EMDR, CPT, ICS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Thrive Therapy Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, EMDR, CPT, ICS
Verified Verified
Twin Lakes, WI 53181
Ready for change??? I help my clients by listening to and assessing their needs without judgment and with complete acceptance that they are where they are and THAT IS OKAY! We can only move forward from here. I am very passionate about the mental health field, which is evident through the care of services that I provide for my clients. I have observed clients move from severe depression to thriving in all areas of their lives. As a therapist, there is nothing more rewarding for me than to see clients live the abundant, peaceful lives they are meant to live.
Ready for change??? I help my clients by listening to and assessing their needs without judgment and with complete acceptance that they are where they are and THAT IS OKAY! We can only move forward from here. I am very passionate about the mental health field, which is evident through the care of services that I provide for my clients. I have observed clients move from severe depression to thriving in all areas of their lives. As a therapist, there is nothing more rewarding for me than to see clients live the abundant, peaceful lives they are meant to live.
(414) 375-2791 View (414) 375-2791
Photo of Elizabeth Vogt, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elizabeth Vogt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Twin Lakes, WI 53181
I help individuals who feel anxious and depressed, confused and stuck, or easily overwhelmed by "life's" demands. I help people in the midst of emotional crises find ways to cope with difficult emotions, life changes, relationships, work, and personal problems. I work with couples to help restore and build stronger bonds with each other. If you are feeling overwhelmed by emotions that get in the way of living the life you want to live, I will help identify obstacles in your way. I use an experiential approach that helps you achieve balance, reconnects you to yourself and others, and empowers you to live the life you want to live.
I help individuals who feel anxious and depressed, confused and stuck, or easily overwhelmed by "life's" demands. I help people in the midst of emotional crises find ways to cope with difficult emotions, life changes, relationships, work, and personal problems. I work with couples to help restore and build stronger bonds with each other. If you are feeling overwhelmed by emotions that get in the way of living the life you want to live, I will help identify obstacles in your way. I use an experiential approach that helps you achieve balance, reconnects you to yourself and others, and empowers you to live the life you want to live.
(224) 328-2906 View (224) 328-2906
Photo of Kimberly Ann Oleksak, MSCC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kimberly Ann Oleksak
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Twin Lakes, WI 53181
My areas of speciality for women's issues include: anxiety, stress and depression.
Do you feel you’ve lost hope and don’t know which way to turn? At times, life can be overwhelming, lonely and hopeless. I would be honored to provide support, hope and compassionate counsel for you and your family during life’s challenging seasons. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor specializing in Play Therapy and Christian Counseling; to promote hope, healing and growth for kids and their families. I am very passionate about utilizing play with kids, (five years and above) teens and families to strengthen communication, family relationships, emotional regulation and promote healing.
My areas of speciality for women's issues include: anxiety, stress and depression.
Do you feel you’ve lost hope and don’t know which way to turn? At times, life can be overwhelming, lonely and hopeless. I would be honored to provide support, hope and compassionate counsel for you and your family during life’s challenging seasons. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor specializing in Play Therapy and Christian Counseling; to promote hope, healing and growth for kids and their families. I am very passionate about utilizing play with kids, (five years and above) teens and families to strengthen communication, family relationships, emotional regulation and promote healing.
(262) 232-7432 View (262) 232-7432
Photo of Sandy Quaintance, LPC-IT, Counselor
Sandy Quaintance
Counselor, LPC-IT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Twin Lakes, WI 53181
Anxious feelings, depression, and being overwhelmed by life seem to plague life for many. For adolescents it is often anxiety about friends and friend groups, academic pressure, frustration with teachers, poor self-esteem, feeling angry/ upset, or loneliness. Adult responsibilities and pressures combined with deeply ingrained ways of coping can make for dysregulated functioning that has become habit. Older adults are often struggling with the emotional pressure of family and changing health and circumstances/ stage of life. I work with all ages. If you just want to meet me, please feel free to call and see we are a good fit.
Anxious feelings, depression, and being overwhelmed by life seem to plague life for many. For adolescents it is often anxiety about friends and friend groups, academic pressure, frustration with teachers, poor self-esteem, feeling angry/ upset, or loneliness. Adult responsibilities and pressures combined with deeply ingrained ways of coping can make for dysregulated functioning that has become habit. Older adults are often struggling with the emotional pressure of family and changing health and circumstances/ stage of life. I work with all ages. If you just want to meet me, please feel free to call and see we are a good fit.
(262) 302-3987 View (262) 302-3987
Photo of Antonia Posey, MAC, QMHP, Pre-Licensed Professional
Antonia Posey
Pre-Licensed Professional, MAC, QMHP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Twin Lakes, WI 53181
If you're reading this, you've already taken a courageous step toward prioritizing your mental health and well-being. I want to commend you and I'm here to offer you a path to healing and self-discovery. My name is Andi and I'm not just a therapist, but a passionate advocate for holistic healing through expressive art , somatic psychotherapy, and mindfulness and meditation. My journey into this field began with a deep desire to help individuals navigate life's challenges with empathy, support, and unwavering care, ultimately guiding them toward healing and self-discovery.
If you're reading this, you've already taken a courageous step toward prioritizing your mental health and well-being. I want to commend you and I'm here to offer you a path to healing and self-discovery. My name is Andi and I'm not just a therapist, but a passionate advocate for holistic healing through expressive art , somatic psychotherapy, and mindfulness and meditation. My journey into this field began with a deep desire to help individuals navigate life's challenges with empathy, support, and unwavering care, ultimately guiding them toward healing and self-discovery.
(815) 240-2687 View (815) 240-2687
Photo of Melinda Pedersen, MS, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Melinda Pedersen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Twin Lakes, WI 53181  (Online Only)
My practice focuses on maternal mental health and trauma. I’m passionate about providing support to new moms, experienced moms, and healing through a pregnancy loss. During prenatal, postpartum, and beyond, mixed feelings can show up at any given time and it can feel isolating, even if you’re surrounded by others. It’s ok to not feel ok. Reaching out for support is a wonderful act of courage and strength.
My practice focuses on maternal mental health and trauma. I’m passionate about providing support to new moms, experienced moms, and healing through a pregnancy loss. During prenatal, postpartum, and beyond, mixed feelings can show up at any given time and it can feel isolating, even if you’re surrounded by others. It’s ok to not feel ok. Reaching out for support is a wonderful act of courage and strength.
(608) 400-4320 View (608) 400-4320

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Leah McMillian, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Leah McMillian
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Genoa City, WI 53128
Leah provides a comfortable and relaxed place for you to talk about challenges you're facing. She is non-judgmental, patient and understanding. She enjoys working with people seeking help with depression, anxiety, stress management, women’s issues life transitions, grief, mood disorders, gender & sexual orientation issues, self-esteem, & substance abuse. She strives to provide comfort & validate her clients while providing accountability & guidance. Her approach is eclectic, drawing from several modalities of therapy such as Cognitive Behavioral, Dialectical Behavioral, Motivational Interviewing, Client Centered, & Solution Focused.
Leah provides a comfortable and relaxed place for you to talk about challenges you're facing. She is non-judgmental, patient and understanding. She enjoys working with people seeking help with depression, anxiety, stress management, women’s issues life transitions, grief, mood disorders, gender & sexual orientation issues, self-esteem, & substance abuse. She strives to provide comfort & validate her clients while providing accountability & guidance. Her approach is eclectic, drawing from several modalities of therapy such as Cognitive Behavioral, Dialectical Behavioral, Motivational Interviewing, Client Centered, & Solution Focused.
(262) 599-6818 View (262) 599-6818
Photo of Tierney Voit - PSG - Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy, LCSW, LPC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
PSG - Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LPC
Verified Verified
Trevor, WI 53179
Are you tired of struggling with depression, anxiety, or PTSD? Have you been in therapy for many years without any relief? Have you tried everything and feel like nothing is working? You might be a good candidate for Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy (KAP). We think the administration of ketamine can be most effective when paired with psychotherapy. We offer a psychotherapy program that will prepare you for your ketamine sessions, encourage you to explore your mind while within the ketamine space, and assist you in integrating your experiences afterwards.
Are you tired of struggling with depression, anxiety, or PTSD? Have you been in therapy for many years without any relief? Have you tried everything and feel like nothing is working? You might be a good candidate for Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy (KAP). We think the administration of ketamine can be most effective when paired with psychotherapy. We offer a psychotherapy program that will prepare you for your ketamine sessions, encourage you to explore your mind while within the ketamine space, and assist you in integrating your experiences afterwards.
(262) 228-4843 View (262) 228-4843
Photo of Alicia Livingston, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alicia Livingston
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lake Geneva, WI 53147
Including the exposure to trauma and are now experiencing a variety of challenges including depression, anxiety, behavioral issues, difficulty in relationships, and self-esteem.
As a Therapist I strive to provide a comfortable, respectful and empathetic space that allows individuals and families to gain insight, learn effective coping strategies, and promote positive lasting change. Each client has their own set of skills, needs and experiences that I am mindful of during the process. My approach as a Therapist is to create a safe and supportive environment. I utilize evidence-based practices including mindfulness, cognitive behavioral therapy, solution focused therapy, motivational interviewing, and behavioral modification.
Including the exposure to trauma and are now experiencing a variety of challenges including depression, anxiety, behavioral issues, difficulty in relationships, and self-esteem.
As a Therapist I strive to provide a comfortable, respectful and empathetic space that allows individuals and families to gain insight, learn effective coping strategies, and promote positive lasting change. Each client has their own set of skills, needs and experiences that I am mindful of during the process. My approach as a Therapist is to create a safe and supportive environment. I utilize evidence-based practices including mindfulness, cognitive behavioral therapy, solution focused therapy, motivational interviewing, and behavioral modification.
(262) 203-9165 View (262) 203-9165
Photo of Kate Bullard - KB Psycohtherapy & EMDR, LPC, SAC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
KB Psycohtherapy & EMDR
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, SAC, NCC
Verified Verified
Salem, WI 53168
KB Psychotherapy understands it may be uncomfortable to meet with someone you don't know for the first the time; especially when you are sharing the most intimate details of your life! KB Psychotherapy feels it is a privilege to work with each of our clients and/or their families. It is our goal to make you as comfortable as possible through impartial empathetic, courteous, kind support and care. ​
KB Psychotherapy understands it may be uncomfortable to meet with someone you don't know for the first the time; especially when you are sharing the most intimate details of your life! KB Psychotherapy feels it is a privilege to work with each of our clients and/or their families. It is our goal to make you as comfortable as possible through impartial empathetic, courteous, kind support and care. ​
(262) 290-4344 View (262) 290-4344
Photo of Yvonne Chentnik, APSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Yvonne Chentnik
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, APSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lake Geneva, WI 53147
Life and the world today can cause a whirlwind of emotions that can be difficult to manage. I want to help you find relief, strength, purpose and more. We all have positive and special qualities that can help when we are feeling so much, and being heard without judgement can be empowering and the beginning to lifting some of the emotional pain.
Life and the world today can cause a whirlwind of emotions that can be difficult to manage. I want to help you find relief, strength, purpose and more. We all have positive and special qualities that can help when we are feeling so much, and being heard without judgement can be empowering and the beginning to lifting some of the emotional pain.
(262) 235-5803 View (262) 235-5803
Photo of Patricia Jindrich, PhD, LPC, SAC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Patricia Jindrich
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, SAC
Verified Verified
Trevor, WI 53179  (Online Only)
I am a Ph.D. and a Licensed Professional Counselor with an Alcohol and Drug background. I specialize in treating addictions and those affected by addictions, and obsessive-compulsive disorders. I also have a strong background in treating trauma, as well as mood disorders. I also treat gay and lesbian issues, grief and loss, anxiety, domestic abuse, the elderly, dissociative and personality disorders, and impulse control. Primarily I use cognitive behavioral methods with a humanistic and spiritual component. For clients who are interested in alternative methods. I am trained in indigenous healing and transpersonal methods, and I am an ordained minister.
I am a Ph.D. and a Licensed Professional Counselor with an Alcohol and Drug background. I specialize in treating addictions and those affected by addictions, and obsessive-compulsive disorders. I also have a strong background in treating trauma, as well as mood disorders. I also treat gay and lesbian issues, grief and loss, anxiety, domestic abuse, the elderly, dissociative and personality disorders, and impulse control. Primarily I use cognitive behavioral methods with a humanistic and spiritual component. For clients who are interested in alternative methods. I am trained in indigenous healing and transpersonal methods, and I am an ordained minister.
(262) 448-3671 View (262) 448-3671
Photo of Erika Fountain - Lake Geneva Wellness Clinic, LLC, MA, LPC, AODA, NCC, ICS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lake Geneva Wellness Clinic, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, AODA, NCC, ICS
Verified Verified
Genoa City, WI 53128
Lake Geneva Wellness Clinic, LLC is a group of providers that offer action oriented individual/AODA/couples/family/trauma counseling and more. We believe you have the ability to change and that you can achieve your goals. Erika, our clinic owner and director, also enjoys supervising for those outside of our clinic. If you are interested in supervision services or to hear more about our services and providers, please contact our clinic. We are HONORED to be part of your journey.
Lake Geneva Wellness Clinic, LLC is a group of providers that offer action oriented individual/AODA/couples/family/trauma counseling and more. We believe you have the ability to change and that you can achieve your goals. Erika, our clinic owner and director, also enjoys supervising for those outside of our clinic. If you are interested in supervision services or to hear more about our services and providers, please contact our clinic. We are HONORED to be part of your journey.
(262) 806-7309 View (262) 806-7309
Photo of Jamie Palama, LPC, CSAC, CAS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jamie Palama
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSAC, CAS
Verified Verified
Bassett, WI 53101
Jamie understands that everyone is unique and experiences life differently and wants her clients to be actively involved in their treatment. Her goal is to create a safe and supportive environment for the client to work on their goals. She believes that everyone deserves a chance to be heard and feel listened to.
Jamie understands that everyone is unique and experiences life differently and wants her clients to be actively involved in their treatment. Her goal is to create a safe and supportive environment for the client to work on their goals. She believes that everyone deserves a chance to be heard and feel listened to.
(262) 228-1983 View (262) 228-1983
Photo of William P. Reich, PhD, ABPP, Psychologist
William P. Reich
Psychologist, PhD, ABPP
Verified Verified
Lake Geneva, WI 53147  (Online Only)
Psychotherapy is a lot like gardening. Even a small plot will add beauty and harmony to life, for the process of gardening is just as rewarding as the size of the crop. Generally, deeper tilling leads to better results: roots reach deeper into sources of nurturance, and are better protected from the stresses of heat, cold and drought. In a crisis, chemical treatments may be helpful, but be cautious: they may reduce the garden's natural resilience and carry the risk of dependence; they should be used judiciously and withdrawn as soon as possible.
Psychotherapy is a lot like gardening. Even a small plot will add beauty and harmony to life, for the process of gardening is just as rewarding as the size of the crop. Generally, deeper tilling leads to better results: roots reach deeper into sources of nurturance, and are better protected from the stresses of heat, cold and drought. In a crisis, chemical treatments may be helpful, but be cautious: they may reduce the garden's natural resilience and carry the risk of dependence; they should be used judiciously and withdrawn as soon as possible.
(847) 969-5147 View (847) 969-5147
Photo of Sarah Stegmaier, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sarah Stegmaier
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Lake Geneva, WI 53147
Not accepting new clients
The therapist-client relationship is unlike any other professional or personal relationship and I value the connection with my clients. I understand the importance of validating your personal circumstances and creating a safe, trusting and private space in which you feel free to share in confidence. Are you experiencing issues in your personal life, problems in your relationships, points of contention with your co-parent or concerns for your children?
The therapist-client relationship is unlike any other professional or personal relationship and I value the connection with my clients. I understand the importance of validating your personal circumstances and creating a safe, trusting and private space in which you feel free to share in confidence. Are you experiencing issues in your personal life, problems in your relationships, points of contention with your co-parent or concerns for your children?
(262) 912-1180 View (262) 912-1180

Online Therapists

Photo of Brittany Aceto, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brittany Aceto
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Madison, WI 53705
Brittany worked with patients, family members who are dealing with end of life care plans and goals, struggling and/or in crisis during their stay at the center, transition into adulthood, depression, imposter syndrome.
Brittany worked with patients, family members who are dealing with end of life care plans and goals, struggling and/or in crisis during their stay at the center, transition into adulthood, depression, imposter syndrome.
(773) 902-0755 View (773) 902-0755
Photo of Jennifer Limmex, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jennifer Limmex
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Madison, WI 53711
Jennifer Limmex is a psychotherapist who graduated with her Master of Science degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from University of Wisconsin "“ Whitewater. She carries two licenses in the State of Wisconsin which are for Professional Counseling and Clinical Substance Abuse Counseling and also has a CCTP (Certified Clinical Trauma Professional) certification. Her experience in working with addiction and trauma inevitably leads her to focus on shame, anxiety, and depression since they are quite often co-occurring disorders. Jennifer utilizes Acceptance & Commitment Therapy to facilitate a majority of her sessions.
Jennifer Limmex is a psychotherapist who graduated with her Master of Science degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from University of Wisconsin "“ Whitewater. She carries two licenses in the State of Wisconsin which are for Professional Counseling and Clinical Substance Abuse Counseling and also has a CCTP (Certified Clinical Trauma Professional) certification. Her experience in working with addiction and trauma inevitably leads her to focus on shame, anxiety, and depression since they are quite often co-occurring disorders. Jennifer utilizes Acceptance & Commitment Therapy to facilitate a majority of her sessions.
(608) 618-2315 View (608) 618-2315
Photo of Terry Patrick Teipner, MS, LPC, LMFT-IT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Terry Patrick Teipner
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LMFT-IT
Verified Verified
Whitewater, WI 53190
Areas of interest include Marriage and Family Therapy, Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Abuse, Depression, Anxiety, Trauma and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; Grief and Loss, Anger and self-regulation, Parenting issues with children and Addiction (substance abuse, alcohol, gambling, sex, internet).
Terry Teipner, MS, LPC, has a Master's Degree in Counseling (Clinical Mental Health emphasis) and a Bachelor's Degree in Social Work. I am a member of the American Association of Marriage and Family Therapy. I utilize research based approaches in working with adults, children and families including person centered therapy, family systems therapy, solution focused therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy. These therapies aid in helping individuals and couples achieve an enhanced sense of self and a better understanding of themselves and their relationships with others.
Areas of interest include Marriage and Family Therapy, Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Abuse, Depression, Anxiety, Trauma and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; Grief and Loss, Anger and self-regulation, Parenting issues with children and Addiction (substance abuse, alcohol, gambling, sex, internet).
Terry Teipner, MS, LPC, has a Master's Degree in Counseling (Clinical Mental Health emphasis) and a Bachelor's Degree in Social Work. I am a member of the American Association of Marriage and Family Therapy. I utilize research based approaches in working with adults, children and families including person centered therapy, family systems therapy, solution focused therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy. These therapies aid in helping individuals and couples achieve an enhanced sense of self and a better understanding of themselves and their relationships with others.
(608) 478-2786 View (608) 478-2786
Photo of David Klimisch - Bayfront Therapy, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Bayfront Therapy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Kenosha, WI 53142
Welcome to Bayfront Therapy, a private practice therapy clinic in Kenosha, WIsconsin. We are committed to providing excellent individualized care (both in-person and virtually) for our clients on their path toward growth and fulfillment. At Bayfront Therapy, our therapists work with clients of all ages. We offer therapy for adults, parents, teens and children. Our team of counselors specializes in stress management, anxiety, depression, family concerns, relationship issues, school stressors, life transitions, anger management, and other mental health related issues. Our Bayfront Therapy team is here to help you.
Welcome to Bayfront Therapy, a private practice therapy clinic in Kenosha, WIsconsin. We are committed to providing excellent individualized care (both in-person and virtually) for our clients on their path toward growth and fulfillment. At Bayfront Therapy, our therapists work with clients of all ages. We offer therapy for adults, parents, teens and children. Our team of counselors specializes in stress management, anxiety, depression, family concerns, relationship issues, school stressors, life transitions, anger management, and other mental health related issues. Our Bayfront Therapy team is here to help you.
(262) 747-2253 View (262) 747-2253

See more therapy options for Twin Lakes

Depression Therapists

What is the goal of therapy for depression?

Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognize and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.

What happens in therapy for depression?

Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.

What therapy types help with depression?

Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioral activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.

Can therapy for depression be done online?

Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.

How effective is therapy for depression?

Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.