Photo of Robert Ryan, Marriage & Family Therapist in 91301, CA
Robert Ryan
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Agoura Hills, CA 91301
I also integrate Client Centered, Developmental / Lifespan, Psychodynamic, Family Systems theories.
I view the path of a human life span, as each of us interact and perceives the environment around us in our own unique way. My goal is to help client(s) look at their options, evaluate choices, and build toward a healthier outcome. My work has involved helping client(s) toward building better communication between couples, family members, and individual relationships. It is my belief that counseling / psychotherapy can provide a safe place where personal challenges can be processed, and finding choices toward enhancing the quality of life and improve relationships.
I also integrate Client Centered, Developmental / Lifespan, Psychodynamic, Family Systems theories.
I view the path of a human life span, as each of us interact and perceives the environment around us in our own unique way. My goal is to help client(s) look at their options, evaluate choices, and build toward a healthier outcome. My work has involved helping client(s) toward building better communication between couples, family members, and individual relationships. It is my belief that counseling / psychotherapy can provide a safe place where personal challenges can be processed, and finding choices toward enhancing the quality of life and improve relationships.
(424) 320-6836 View (424) 320-6836
Photo of Gita Terry, Marriage & Family Therapist in 91301, CA
Gita Terry
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA, JD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Agoura Hills, CA 91301
My theoretical orientations include Psychodynamic, Family Systems, CBT, Attachment and Solution Focused.
Life can feel overwhelming even in the best of times. You may experience a trauma or crisis or the very real stress of every day life. Sometimes you can cope and sometimes you need some emotional support. If emotional pain, fear or uncertainty is causing you to shy away from living the life you want, know that there is help. If you are looking to make changes that can help you have healthier, happier relationships and life experiences or deal with emotional upheavals or family issues we may be a good fit for therapy.
My theoretical orientations include Psychodynamic, Family Systems, CBT, Attachment and Solution Focused.
Life can feel overwhelming even in the best of times. You may experience a trauma or crisis or the very real stress of every day life. Sometimes you can cope and sometimes you need some emotional support. If emotional pain, fear or uncertainty is causing you to shy away from living the life you want, know that there is help. If you are looking to make changes that can help you have healthier, happier relationships and life experiences or deal with emotional upheavals or family issues we may be a good fit for therapy.
(747) 220-0158 View (747) 220-0158
Photo of Casey J. Simon, Marriage & Family Therapist in 91301, CA
Casey J. Simon
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Agoura Hills, CA 91301
Waitlist for new clients
I have a particular interest and expertise in the diagnosis and treatment of personality disorders, psychotic disorders, and dissociative disorders using a psychodynamic treatment approach in order to help increase insight and tolerance for psychic pain.
When it comes to mental illness, treatment and outlook can feel daunting. My therapeutic approach is developed on an individual basis with an emphasis on reshaping personality organization in order to create long-lasting change. I truly enjoy assisting my patients in defeating their symptoms and regaining control of their lives. I have experience working with an array of individuals, ranging from young children to adults suffering from a multitude of mental health issues. Aside from my private practice, I work as a group therapist in an intensive outpatient program with individuals just released from emergency psychiatric care.
I have a particular interest and expertise in the diagnosis and treatment of personality disorders, psychotic disorders, and dissociative disorders using a psychodynamic treatment approach in order to help increase insight and tolerance for psychic pain.
When it comes to mental illness, treatment and outlook can feel daunting. My therapeutic approach is developed on an individual basis with an emphasis on reshaping personality organization in order to create long-lasting change. I truly enjoy assisting my patients in defeating their symptoms and regaining control of their lives. I have experience working with an array of individuals, ranging from young children to adults suffering from a multitude of mental health issues. Aside from my private practice, I work as a group therapist in an intensive outpatient program with individuals just released from emergency psychiatric care.
(805) 716-6072 View (805) 716-6072
Photo of Laura Salter LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in 91301, CA
Laura Salter LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
Agoura, CA 91301
Whether it is Mindfulness, CBT, Gestalt, Psychodynamic, Rogerian, what really matters is that each individual experiences a unique approach to their particular problems.
Choosing the right therapist can be a difficult, yet important decision. I believe in an atmosphere by which individuals, couples and/or families can feel free to openly express themselves in a safe, therapeutic environment. Whether it is extreme anxiety or depression, family and relationship issues, addictions, grief, and a plethora of other conflicts, my clients are able to work on and through the many bumps in their lives in a supportive and caring place.
Whether it is Mindfulness, CBT, Gestalt, Psychodynamic, Rogerian, what really matters is that each individual experiences a unique approach to their particular problems.
Choosing the right therapist can be a difficult, yet important decision. I believe in an atmosphere by which individuals, couples and/or families can feel free to openly express themselves in a safe, therapeutic environment. Whether it is extreme anxiety or depression, family and relationship issues, addictions, grief, and a plethora of other conflicts, my clients are able to work on and through the many bumps in their lives in a supportive and caring place.
(818) 927-6269 View (818) 927-6269
Photo of Stephen J. Johnson, Marriage & Family Therapist in 91301, CA
Stephen J. Johnson
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Calabasas, CA 91301
My philosophical foundation is centered in Humanistic Existentialistism while my therapeutic orientation is based in Mindfulness Training and is an eclectic blend of Cognitive Behavioral and Psychodynamic processes.
We are experiencing extraordinary challenges right now. I personally understand and professionally appreciate the multitude of stressors that people are facing these days. Life typically demands much of us. Today in this fast paced society the demands are unparalleled. Depression and anxiety run rampant impacting the quality of our lives on all levels. I treat adult and adolescent age males and females in my 50+ years in practice conducting individual, couple, family and group sessions. My goal is to help my clients to transform their lives achieving greater balance, harmony and happiness.
My philosophical foundation is centered in Humanistic Existentialistism while my therapeutic orientation is based in Mindfulness Training and is an eclectic blend of Cognitive Behavioral and Psychodynamic processes.
We are experiencing extraordinary challenges right now. I personally understand and professionally appreciate the multitude of stressors that people are facing these days. Life typically demands much of us. Today in this fast paced society the demands are unparalleled. Depression and anxiety run rampant impacting the quality of our lives on all levels. I treat adult and adolescent age males and females in my 50+ years in practice conducting individual, couple, family and group sessions. My goal is to help my clients to transform their lives achieving greater balance, harmony and happiness.
(818) 570-7340 View (818) 570-7340
Photo of Theresa Hoey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 91301, CA
Theresa Hoey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Calabasas, CA 91301
Drawing from a variety of therapeutic modalities, including cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychodynamic therapy, mindfulness and somatic techniques, we will work together to take the next best steps.
I am a therapist with years of experience helping people overcome the challenges of mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, psychosis, OCD, and more. Through evidenced-based therapies and a compassionate approach, I work with patients to develop effective coping strategies, learn their strengths, and build resilience. I aim to mirror the goodness that is already within you to help you achieve a more fulfilling life. Although I have experience with many different psychiatric conditions, in private practice I focus on patients and their struggles with anxiety, depression, bipolar, OCD, PTSD, and relationship issues.
Drawing from a variety of therapeutic modalities, including cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychodynamic therapy, mindfulness and somatic techniques, we will work together to take the next best steps.
I am a therapist with years of experience helping people overcome the challenges of mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, psychosis, OCD, and more. Through evidenced-based therapies and a compassionate approach, I work with patients to develop effective coping strategies, learn their strengths, and build resilience. I aim to mirror the goodness that is already within you to help you achieve a more fulfilling life. Although I have experience with many different psychiatric conditions, in private practice I focus on patients and their struggles with anxiety, depression, bipolar, OCD, PTSD, and relationship issues.
(424) 955-3507 View (424) 955-3507
Photo of Madison Edwards, Psychological Associate in 91301, CA
Madison Edwards
Psychological Associate, MA
Verified Verified
Agoura Hills, CA 91301
Life can be unpredictable and feel out of our control. The day-to-day stress, exhaustion, and relationship difficulties can be overwhelming and hold us back without us even realizing it. Our therapeutic collaboration will help you learn how to react, cope, and move forward, no matter what the circumstance! Every person is different and deserves to develop a deeper understanding of themselves, their potential, and their personal desires. My eclectic approach combines psychodynamic, CBT, and DBT skill techniques with an individualized approach for each client.
Life can be unpredictable and feel out of our control. The day-to-day stress, exhaustion, and relationship difficulties can be overwhelming and hold us back without us even realizing it. Our therapeutic collaboration will help you learn how to react, cope, and move forward, no matter what the circumstance! Every person is different and deserves to develop a deeper understanding of themselves, their potential, and their personal desires. My eclectic approach combines psychodynamic, CBT, and DBT skill techniques with an individualized approach for each client.
(805) 232-7361 View (805) 232-7361
Photo of Lindsey Araiza, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 91301, CA
Lindsey Araiza
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Agoura Hills, CA 91301
These may include psychodynamic therapy, structural family therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Exposure and Response Prevention Therapy (ERP), and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT).
I passionately believe in the human capacity for growth through empathy, insight, and connection. I use a gentle but direct approach to help my clients to navigate the road to change. I will help you to examine how your life experiences, interpersonal relationships and environment connect to your thoughts, feelings and actions. I have extensive experience in mental health and substance abuse recovery, and have worked with adults and adolescents in inpatient and outpatient treatment settings. In my practice I see individuals and couples, and have a strong background in family therapy.
These may include psychodynamic therapy, structural family therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Exposure and Response Prevention Therapy (ERP), and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT).
I passionately believe in the human capacity for growth through empathy, insight, and connection. I use a gentle but direct approach to help my clients to navigate the road to change. I will help you to examine how your life experiences, interpersonal relationships and environment connect to your thoughts, feelings and actions. I have extensive experience in mental health and substance abuse recovery, and have worked with adults and adolescents in inpatient and outpatient treatment settings. In my practice I see individuals and couples, and have a strong background in family therapy.
(424) 329-6907 View (424) 329-6907
Photo of Melissa Dowd - Offering A Modern Approach To Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist in 91301, CA
Melissa Dowd - Offering A Modern Approach To Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Calabasas Hills, CA 91301  (Online Only)
This includes Mindfulness-Based Techniques, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Psychodynamic, Solution-Focused, Positive Psychology, Family Systems, and others.
In the first few sessions together, my goal is to understand what struggles you are currently experiencing that are causing you distress, and then provide you tools to help minimize those stressors to get to a more stabilized place. Once you are feeling more grounded and able to manage your current stressors, then I encourage the exploration of why these things are present in the first place, where they are coming from, and ultimately when they were initially learned and began. I believe that helping you uncover these important pieces of information are vital to your long-term success in becoming the best version of you possible!
This includes Mindfulness-Based Techniques, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Psychodynamic, Solution-Focused, Positive Psychology, Family Systems, and others.
In the first few sessions together, my goal is to understand what struggles you are currently experiencing that are causing you distress, and then provide you tools to help minimize those stressors to get to a more stabilized place. Once you are feeling more grounded and able to manage your current stressors, then I encourage the exploration of why these things are present in the first place, where they are coming from, and ultimately when they were initially learned and began. I believe that helping you uncover these important pieces of information are vital to your long-term success in becoming the best version of you possible!
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Photo of Gamze Çaltekin, Marriage & Family Therapist in 91301, CA
Gamze Çaltekin
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
Calabasas, CA 91301
I primarily use DBT, CBT, and a psychodynamic therapy approach but I believe that each client's uniqueness drives an approach guided by curiosity, meaning-making, and individual strengths.
To be 'human' is such a simple and yet such a deep and miraculous concept. Suffering is a natural part of human experience and emotional avoidance is one of the main causes of psychological problems. Avoiding negative emotions may bring you short term relief but in the long term it will end up with pain. When we accept a negative emotion, it tends to lose its destructive power. Therapy is a healing journey where the alliance between client and therapist plays an extremely important role in the process of acceptance.
I primarily use DBT, CBT, and a psychodynamic therapy approach but I believe that each client's uniqueness drives an approach guided by curiosity, meaning-making, and individual strengths.
To be 'human' is such a simple and yet such a deep and miraculous concept. Suffering is a natural part of human experience and emotional avoidance is one of the main causes of psychological problems. Avoiding negative emotions may bring you short term relief but in the long term it will end up with pain. When we accept a negative emotion, it tends to lose its destructive power. Therapy is a healing journey where the alliance between client and therapist plays an extremely important role in the process of acceptance.
(424) 233-1840 View (424) 233-1840
Photo of Dr. Shirley O Kauffman, Marriage & Family Therapist in 91301, CA
Dr. Shirley O Kauffman
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Agoura Hills, CA 91301
Life isn’t always easy. Whether you struggle with anxiety, depression, addiction or loneliness, you should know that there's hope for a better tomorrow. I specialize in helping married and unmarried partners and work with those going through or recovering from divorce. I am a Certified Clinical Anxiety Treatment Professional and a Certified Addictions-Informed Mental Health Professional and have Gottman Relationship training. I can help you with the skills and tools you need to communicate effectively, solve your relationship problems, restore and strengthen relationships, heal the hurts, and experience the satisfaction you desire.
Life isn’t always easy. Whether you struggle with anxiety, depression, addiction or loneliness, you should know that there's hope for a better tomorrow. I specialize in helping married and unmarried partners and work with those going through or recovering from divorce. I am a Certified Clinical Anxiety Treatment Professional and a Certified Addictions-Informed Mental Health Professional and have Gottman Relationship training. I can help you with the skills and tools you need to communicate effectively, solve your relationship problems, restore and strengthen relationships, heal the hurts, and experience the satisfaction you desire.
(747) 231-3283 View (747) 231-3283
Photo of Corey Hirsch, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 91301, CA
Corey Hirsch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, JD, DSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Agoura Hills, CA 91301  (Online Only)
Does it seem like everyone else got the manual on life except for you? Perhaps you are contemplating a major life change like divorce or a career change. Feeling overwhelmed, exhausted, and disconnected you may feel like everything is falling apart. There is a solution. If you have the willingness and you are open-minded, I can help you see things differently so that you get "unstuck,” feel hopeful and confident.
Does it seem like everyone else got the manual on life except for you? Perhaps you are contemplating a major life change like divorce or a career change. Feeling overwhelmed, exhausted, and disconnected you may feel like everything is falling apart. There is a solution. If you have the willingness and you are open-minded, I can help you see things differently so that you get "unstuck,” feel hopeful and confident.
(805) 723-3279 View (805) 723-3279
Photo of Craig Melton, Marriage & Family Therapist in 91301, CA
Craig Melton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CGCS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Agoura Hills, CA 91301
I am a marriage and family therapist in California working with children, families, teens and professional athletes. My specialties include life transitions, anxiety, depression, trauma, self-esteem, relationship problems, family stress, parenting, children with developmental delay, addiction and anger management. My counseling style is authentic and interactive. My approach is strength based and combines a cognitive-behavioral approach while utilizing mindfulness; solution-focused, and existential modalities.
I am a marriage and family therapist in California working with children, families, teens and professional athletes. My specialties include life transitions, anxiety, depression, trauma, self-esteem, relationship problems, family stress, parenting, children with developmental delay, addiction and anger management. My counseling style is authentic and interactive. My approach is strength based and combines a cognitive-behavioral approach while utilizing mindfulness; solution-focused, and existential modalities.
(805) 386-9757 View (805) 386-9757
Photo of Dr. Deena Manion, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 91301, CA
Dr. Deena Manion
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PsyD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Agoura Hills, CA 91301
I work with people who have a wide range of addiction, trauma and mental health issues. I am passionate about helping people with their relationships- whether individual, couples or families. I have extensive experience in working with loved ones/ parents struggling with an addicted person in their lives and how to best help themselves and their loved ones get the proper help. I have appeared as a regular expert on the Dr. Phil show (and other shows) for the past twenty years helping his guests get the proper treatment they need.
I work with people who have a wide range of addiction, trauma and mental health issues. I am passionate about helping people with their relationships- whether individual, couples or families. I have extensive experience in working with loved ones/ parents struggling with an addicted person in their lives and how to best help themselves and their loved ones get the proper help. I have appeared as a regular expert on the Dr. Phil show (and other shows) for the past twenty years helping his guests get the proper treatment they need.
(424) 371-8953 View (424) 371-8953
Photo of Diane R Gehart, Marriage & Family Therapist in 91301, CA
Diane R Gehart
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Agoura Hills, CA 91301
Waitlist for new clients
Whether you are looking for a therapist because of recent difficulties or challenges that started years ago, you will find that I offer a rare combination of rigorous training with a down-to-earth style to help you achieve your goals. As an established professor and author in the field, I am well-versed in the latest research to ensure your problems are resolved as efficiently as possible using the most effective methods available. If you have had difficulty connecting with past therapists or are concerned that I might act like therapists in the movies, I believe you will find my style refreshingly more relatable.
Whether you are looking for a therapist because of recent difficulties or challenges that started years ago, you will find that I offer a rare combination of rigorous training with a down-to-earth style to help you achieve your goals. As an established professor and author in the field, I am well-versed in the latest research to ensure your problems are resolved as efficiently as possible using the most effective methods available. If you have had difficulty connecting with past therapists or are concerned that I might act like therapists in the movies, I believe you will find my style refreshingly more relatable.
(805) 367-5822 View (805) 367-5822
Photo of Edden Elite Ered, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in 91301, CA
Edden Elite Ered
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, AMFT
Verified Verified
Agoura Hills, CA 91301
One of the bravest things a person can do is ask for help – I applaud you for taking that first step. I enjoy helping people manage anxiety, navigate life transitions, and work through trauma. Many of these issues can feel overwhelming and isolating; it would be my honor to support you through what you are facing as I know how powerful therapy can be. Having been on the other side of the couch throughout various points in my life, I understand the trust you are putting in a therapist when you walk into their office. I draw deeply from that trust and my own experiences to create a warm, nonjudgmental and compassionate environment.
One of the bravest things a person can do is ask for help – I applaud you for taking that first step. I enjoy helping people manage anxiety, navigate life transitions, and work through trauma. Many of these issues can feel overwhelming and isolating; it would be my honor to support you through what you are facing as I know how powerful therapy can be. Having been on the other side of the couch throughout various points in my life, I understand the trust you are putting in a therapist when you walk into their office. I draw deeply from that trust and my own experiences to create a warm, nonjudgmental and compassionate environment.
(805) 424-5108 View (805) 424-5108
Photo of Alison Cook Ross, Marriage & Family Therapist in 91301, CA
Alison Cook Ross
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CEDS
Verified Verified
Agoura Hills, CA 91301
Hi, I'm Alison Ross, certified eating disorder specialist and licensed psychotherapist. Having recovered from disordered eating and body image myself, I am passionate about helping my clients heal their relationship with food and their bodies.
Hi, I'm Alison Ross, certified eating disorder specialist and licensed psychotherapist. Having recovered from disordered eating and body image myself, I am passionate about helping my clients heal their relationship with food and their bodies.
(323) 792-2456 View (323) 792-2456
Photo of Kendra K Quinton, Marriage & Family Therapist in 91301, CA
Kendra K Quinton
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Calabasas, CA 91301  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
These are emotionally challenging times. Depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and job upheaval have been on the rise since COVID. There is immense pressure from social media. Young adults face transitions of going to college, getting a job, and pressure to make relationship and career decisions. Many adults are juggling two jobs to stay afloat and provide for their families. With devices replacing human connection, people feel more alone and isolated than ever before. People of all ages are in need of feeling seen and heard -to feel hope that they will get through the difficult times and see a light at the end of the tunnel.
These are emotionally challenging times. Depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and job upheaval have been on the rise since COVID. There is immense pressure from social media. Young adults face transitions of going to college, getting a job, and pressure to make relationship and career decisions. Many adults are juggling two jobs to stay afloat and provide for their families. With devices replacing human connection, people feel more alone and isolated than ever before. People of all ages are in need of feeling seen and heard -to feel hope that they will get through the difficult times and see a light at the end of the tunnel.
(747) 600-2670 View (747) 600-2670
Photo of Jo Fletcher, Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist, Marriage & Family Therapist in 91301, CA
Jo Fletcher, Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Agoura Hills, CA 91301  (Online Only)
The goal to good therapy work is in creating a safe therapeutic relationship of deep listening and empathy. Empathy is a strange and powerful thing. There is no script. There is no right way or wrong way to do it. It's simply deep listening, holding space, withholding judgement, emotionally connecting, and communicating that incredibly healing message of, "You are not not alone." Take some time to heal. Give me a call and let's begin to re-write your story.
The goal to good therapy work is in creating a safe therapeutic relationship of deep listening and empathy. Empathy is a strange and powerful thing. There is no script. There is no right way or wrong way to do it. It's simply deep listening, holding space, withholding judgement, emotionally connecting, and communicating that incredibly healing message of, "You are not not alone." Take some time to heal. Give me a call and let's begin to re-write your story.
(805) 357-9823 View (805) 357-9823
Photo of Stephanie R. Bien, Marriage & Family Therapist in 91301, CA
Stephanie R. Bien
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
13 Endorsed
Agoura, CA 91301
A lot of fighting going on? Work it out NOW! I help individuals and families improve the quality of their lives. Parents are included to help the issues our children face today to form a strong family unit and get through tough times. I have been trained in many modalities, including psychotherapy, communication, play therapy, sandtray work, education, visualization, meditation and hypnosis.
A lot of fighting going on? Work it out NOW! I help individuals and families improve the quality of their lives. Parents are included to help the issues our children face today to form a strong family unit and get through tough times. I have been trained in many modalities, including psychotherapy, communication, play therapy, sandtray work, education, visualization, meditation and hypnosis.
(818) 305-6245 View (818) 305-6245
Psychodynamic Therapists

Is psychodynamic therapy evidence-based?

Studies have found psychodynamic therapy to be effective in treating conditions like social anxiety, eating disorders, chronic pain, some personality disorders, and depression; indeed, some studies have found it to be just as effective as CBT or medication. What’s more, several studies have found that the benefits of psychodynamic therapy tend to endure—even grow—long after treatment has ended.

How long does psychodynamic therapy last?

Unlike CBT and other more structured forms of therapy, psychodynamic therapy tends to be open-ended and may not be limited to a set number of sessions. It is common for clients to be in therapy for a year or longer and to see their therapist one to three times a week, though the exact schedule and timeline may vary depending on a client’s challenges and progress. However, brief psychodynamic therapy is available, which tends to be more goal-oriented and typically unfolds over 16 to 30 sessions.

Does psychodynamic therapy work?

Research finds that psychodynamic therapy can help someone manage or reduce symptoms of diagnosable mental health conditions like depression or anxiety. The modality may also offer a range of benefits that are harder to measure but just as valuable—such as increased self-worth or healthier relationships. While no therapy type will work for everyone, research and anecdotal evidence suggest that psychodynamic therapy can be highly effective.

What are the limitations of psychodynamic therapy?

Some meta-analyses have concluded that there is little evidence to suggest that psychodynamic therapy can effectively treat certain mental health conditions such as PTSD, OCD, or psychosis, though it is sometimes used to do so. More broadly, the open-ended, free-association structure of psychodynamic therapy may be frustrating for clients who prefer a more structured, time-limited, or goal-oriented approach.