Therapists in Arlington, MA

Photo of Amanda Brickley, Counselor in Arlington, MA
Amanda Brickley
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02476
Not accepting new clients
There are many reasons people seek out therapy. For some, it may be to find clarity, discover ways to ease anxiety, improve mood or functioning, or process challenging life experiences or trauma. Seeking help and support is the first courageous step towards a more empowered sense of self.
There are many reasons people seek out therapy. For some, it may be to find clarity, discover ways to ease anxiety, improve mood or functioning, or process challenging life experiences or trauma. Seeking help and support is the first courageous step towards a more empowered sense of self.
(781) 218-2377 View (781) 218-2377
Photo of Alison Mamatey, Counselor in Arlington, MA
Alison Mamatey
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02476
Welcome! Do you currently struggle with any of the following: anxiety; indecisiveness; tough inner critic; difficulty saying no; feeling disconnected from others; low self-esteem; a nagging feeling you’re doing something wrong or there may be something wrong with you? The good news is, these are not inherent traits people are born with and you are not bound to eternally struggle with these things! This therapy will give you the opportunity to uncover the root causes of these struggles in order to make changes in the here-and-now. Please click on my website link for more information on the benefits of this therapy!
Welcome! Do you currently struggle with any of the following: anxiety; indecisiveness; tough inner critic; difficulty saying no; feeling disconnected from others; low self-esteem; a nagging feeling you’re doing something wrong or there may be something wrong with you? The good news is, these are not inherent traits people are born with and you are not bound to eternally struggle with these things! This therapy will give you the opportunity to uncover the root causes of these struggles in order to make changes in the here-and-now. Please click on my website link for more information on the benefits of this therapy!
(617) 925-1524 View (617) 925-1524
Photo of Peter Harakas, Psychologist in Arlington, MA
Peter Harakas
Psychologist, PhD, MSc
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02476  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Currently NOT accepting clients. I believe in establishing a strong therapeutic relationship based on trust and respect and in a collaborative approach with clients. I work with adults and adolescents with issues related to anxiety, OCD, perfectionism, skin picking, trichotillomania, misophonia, coping with chronic illness, such as tinnitus, work-related stress and Type A behaviors. In my work, I incorporate cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), exposure and response prevention (ERP), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), mindfulness, and emotion-focused approaches.
Currently NOT accepting clients. I believe in establishing a strong therapeutic relationship based on trust and respect and in a collaborative approach with clients. I work with adults and adolescents with issues related to anxiety, OCD, perfectionism, skin picking, trichotillomania, misophonia, coping with chronic illness, such as tinnitus, work-related stress and Type A behaviors. In my work, I incorporate cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), exposure and response prevention (ERP), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), mindfulness, and emotion-focused approaches.
(617) 440-3140 View (617) 440-3140
Photo of Chelsea Levy, Psychologist in Arlington, MA
Chelsea Levy
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02474
I am a licensed psychologist providing adult psychotherapy, couples therapy, sex therapy and family therapy. I approach therapy from a relational perspective, and enjoy working collaboratively with clients and their strengths to create change. I am particularly interested in working with clients around family of origin issues, relationship issues, trauma, sexual relationships and sexuality. I work with couples on communication, strengthening relational dynamics and sexual or intimacy concerns. I also work as a sex therapist and am open to working whether you come as a couple or as an individual.
I am a licensed psychologist providing adult psychotherapy, couples therapy, sex therapy and family therapy. I approach therapy from a relational perspective, and enjoy working collaboratively with clients and their strengths to create change. I am particularly interested in working with clients around family of origin issues, relationship issues, trauma, sexual relationships and sexuality. I work with couples on communication, strengthening relational dynamics and sexual or intimacy concerns. I also work as a sex therapist and am open to working whether you come as a couple or as an individual.
(781) 350-9375 View (781) 350-9375
Photo of Kate Lopez-Casanova, Psychologist in Arlington, MA
Kate Lopez-Casanova
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02474
I am a licensed clinical psychologist at Cambridge Psychology Group and provide evidence-based treatment for adults, adolescents, and children. My approach to therapy is primarily rooted in cognitive behavioral theory with an emphasis on the principles of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT). I approach therapy with flexibility and creativity to meet the unique needs, preferences, and values of my patients. My areas of expertise include difficulties with emotion dysregulation, anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation and behavior, self-harm, personality disorders, grief, relational challenges, life transitions, and traumatic stress.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist at Cambridge Psychology Group and provide evidence-based treatment for adults, adolescents, and children. My approach to therapy is primarily rooted in cognitive behavioral theory with an emphasis on the principles of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT). I approach therapy with flexibility and creativity to meet the unique needs, preferences, and values of my patients. My areas of expertise include difficulties with emotion dysregulation, anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation and behavior, self-harm, personality disorders, grief, relational challenges, life transitions, and traumatic stress.
(617) 819-0747 View (617) 819-0747
Photo of Elizabeth (Bette) Jane Spear, Counselor in Arlington, MA
Elizabeth (Bette) Jane Spear
Counselor, MA, LMHC, Clergy
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02476
Life sometimes overwhelms us with unexpected tragedy bringing grief, loss, trauma, spiritual questions and life transition at a time when we are least prepared. I work primarily with individual and family survivors of these events including loss to disaster, homicide, suicide or other sudden and violent death.
Life sometimes overwhelms us with unexpected tragedy bringing grief, loss, trauma, spiritual questions and life transition at a time when we are least prepared. I work primarily with individual and family survivors of these events including loss to disaster, homicide, suicide or other sudden and violent death.
(617) 816-6402 View (617) 816-6402
Photo of Barbara Schmitz, Counselor in Arlington, MA
Barbara Schmitz
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02474
Not accepting new clients
Life has a way of challenging core beliefs about ourselves, our relationships, and our environment. Perhaps you find yourself experiencing anxiety, depression, feelings of stagnation, or of aloneness. Maybe your relationships or work life are not satisfying, or perhaps you would like to know yourself better in order to live more fully. I would like to work with you not only to identify and treat problems, but also to build on your strengths. My goal is to provide a safe, genuinely caring, and non-judgmental environment for effective self-exploration.
Life has a way of challenging core beliefs about ourselves, our relationships, and our environment. Perhaps you find yourself experiencing anxiety, depression, feelings of stagnation, or of aloneness. Maybe your relationships or work life are not satisfying, or perhaps you would like to know yourself better in order to live more fully. I would like to work with you not only to identify and treat problems, but also to build on your strengths. My goal is to provide a safe, genuinely caring, and non-judgmental environment for effective self-exploration.
(617) 606-9485 View (617) 606-9485
Photo of Alison Shaw in Arlington, MA
Alison Shaw
RN, LMT, CBHS
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02474  (Online Only)
Do you want to go beyond the limits of conventional psychotherapy to heal the deepest roots of your emotional struggles? I'd love to help. In my practice, I bring together somatic (body -centered), trauma and energy based therapies in a unique model that creates more effective healing than talk therapy alone. This integrative approach helps you uncover & release the deep unconscious lifelong "Bodymind Patterns" that live in the psyche AND body & can perpetuate unhappiness and keep you stuck or returning over & over to the same struggles, anxiety, shame, depression, unfulfilling relationships, low self esteem disconnection and pain.
Do you want to go beyond the limits of conventional psychotherapy to heal the deepest roots of your emotional struggles? I'd love to help. In my practice, I bring together somatic (body -centered), trauma and energy based therapies in a unique model that creates more effective healing than talk therapy alone. This integrative approach helps you uncover & release the deep unconscious lifelong "Bodymind Patterns" that live in the psyche AND body & can perpetuate unhappiness and keep you stuck or returning over & over to the same struggles, anxiety, shame, depression, unfulfilling relationships, low self esteem disconnection and pain.
(781) 754-7175 View (781) 754-7175
Photo of Patricia Cadet, Counselor in Arlington, MA
Patricia Cadet
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02474
I believe therapy is an opportunity to heal, grow, explore and create change. If you are looking for extra support or guidance through a challenging situation and ready to move to a new direction. My style is interactive,utilizing the client's strengths, as we work together towards achieving your goals.
I believe therapy is an opportunity to heal, grow, explore and create change. If you are looking for extra support or guidance through a challenging situation and ready to move to a new direction. My style is interactive,utilizing the client's strengths, as we work together towards achieving your goals.
(617) 440-4008 View (617) 440-4008
Photo of Elena Clamen, Counselor in Arlington, MA
Elena Clamen
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02474
I provide a therapeutic space where clients can begin to look at relationships, beliefs, values and feelings in a safe, nonjudgmental setting. I approach the sessions with warmth and humor and my hope is that clients will feel comfortable and at ease.
I provide a therapeutic space where clients can begin to look at relationships, beliefs, values and feelings in a safe, nonjudgmental setting. I approach the sessions with warmth and humor and my hope is that clients will feel comfortable and at ease.
(339) 204-9633 View (339) 204-9633
Photo of Tammy H Graham, Marriage & Family Therapist in Arlington, MA
Tammy H Graham
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02476  (Online Only)
I am currently not taking on couples work at this time. I am accepting pre-teen, teens and adults for individual counseling. I have been described by previous clients as compassionate, talented and goal oriented. I have been practicing in the counseling field for over 30 years. I enjoy working with adolescents, adults, and parents. My goal is to help my clients develop the skills needed to live happier and more balanced lives
I am currently not taking on couples work at this time. I am accepting pre-teen, teens and adults for individual counseling. I have been described by previous clients as compassionate, talented and goal oriented. I have been practicing in the counseling field for over 30 years. I enjoy working with adolescents, adults, and parents. My goal is to help my clients develop the skills needed to live happier and more balanced lives
(781) 328-6363 View (781) 328-6363
Photo of Beth Shikatani, Psychologist in Arlington, MA
Beth Shikatani
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02474  (Online Only)
I am a clinical psychologist and the director of the Intensive CBT Program at Cambridge Psychology Group. I have more than 13 years of experience working with adults and older adults with anxiety, OCD, panic attacks, phobias, sleep problems, perfectionism, depression, and other conditions. I provide Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Exposure Therapy, and Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP); I routinely incorporate aspects of mindfulness, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) skills. I ensure that these strategies are personalized to your unique attributes, preferences, and values.
I am a clinical psychologist and the director of the Intensive CBT Program at Cambridge Psychology Group. I have more than 13 years of experience working with adults and older adults with anxiety, OCD, panic attacks, phobias, sleep problems, perfectionism, depression, and other conditions. I provide Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Exposure Therapy, and Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP); I routinely incorporate aspects of mindfulness, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) skills. I ensure that these strategies are personalized to your unique attributes, preferences, and values.
(617) 915-4417 View (617) 915-4417
Photo of Sandy A Dixon, Psychologist in Arlington, MA
Sandy A Dixon
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02474
Not accepting new clients
I am a licensed psychologist in Massachusetts and I provide individual therapy to adults. My areas of particular interest include: depression, anxiety, stress management, relational concerns and conflicts, gay/lesbian/bisexual issues, trauma and healing from traumatic experiences, veterans issues, and relational concerns and conflicts.
I am a licensed psychologist in Massachusetts and I provide individual therapy to adults. My areas of particular interest include: depression, anxiety, stress management, relational concerns and conflicts, gay/lesbian/bisexual issues, trauma and healing from traumatic experiences, veterans issues, and relational concerns and conflicts.
(781) 316-1809 View (781) 316-1809
Photo of Suzanne E. Marcus, Marriage & Family Therapist in Arlington, MA
Suzanne E. Marcus
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, EdM
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02476
I am a Managing Director at the New England Center for Couples and Families, working primarily with couples. I love my work, and take an active, collaborative approach with my clients. I use an "attachment lens" while working, to help people find the underlying, deeper reasons that explain why they act in the ways they do in their relationships. I believe we all seek emotional intimacy, and that, with help, we can learn how to both offer it and receive it. I am certified in EFT (Emotionally Focused Therapy), a highly successful, research-based approach to working with couples.
I am a Managing Director at the New England Center for Couples and Families, working primarily with couples. I love my work, and take an active, collaborative approach with my clients. I use an "attachment lens" while working, to help people find the underlying, deeper reasons that explain why they act in the ways they do in their relationships. I believe we all seek emotional intimacy, and that, with help, we can learn how to both offer it and receive it. I am certified in EFT (Emotionally Focused Therapy), a highly successful, research-based approach to working with couples.
(781) 277-7736 View (781) 277-7736
Photo of Matthew Schrock, Psychologist in Arlington, MA
Matthew Schrock
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02474
Dr. Schrock is a clinical psychologist at Cambridge Psychology Group with appointments at McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School. He is the co-director of Psychology Training for the McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School Doctoral Internship in Clinical Psychology and is a senior staff psychologist at McLean’s Behavioral Health Partial Hospital Program. He received his Ph.D in Clinical Psychology from the University of Louisville, and he completed his internship and postdoctoral fellowships at McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School.
Dr. Schrock is a clinical psychologist at Cambridge Psychology Group with appointments at McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School. He is the co-director of Psychology Training for the McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School Doctoral Internship in Clinical Psychology and is a senior staff psychologist at McLean’s Behavioral Health Partial Hospital Program. He received his Ph.D in Clinical Psychology from the University of Louisville, and he completed his internship and postdoctoral fellowships at McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School.
(617) 841-8359 View (617) 841-8359
Photo of Brandy E. Wyant, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arlington, MA
Brandy E. Wyant
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02474
Not accepting new clients
Thank you for visiting my page! I work with individuals of all ages who are struggling with anxiety, phobias, obsessions and compulsions, or posttraumatic symptoms. Guided by a client’s individual circumstances, I integrate a variety of therapeutic techniques, though I am particularly drawn to exposure therapy. Exposure therapy gives people struggling with anxiety the opportunity to learn that they can cope with distress by gradually facing uncomfortable situations in a planned, deliberate way. I enjoy the collaboration between therapist and client while planning and conducting exposure activities.
Thank you for visiting my page! I work with individuals of all ages who are struggling with anxiety, phobias, obsessions and compulsions, or posttraumatic symptoms. Guided by a client’s individual circumstances, I integrate a variety of therapeutic techniques, though I am particularly drawn to exposure therapy. Exposure therapy gives people struggling with anxiety the opportunity to learn that they can cope with distress by gradually facing uncomfortable situations in a planned, deliberate way. I enjoy the collaboration between therapist and client while planning and conducting exposure activities.
(617) 652-5371 View (617) 652-5371
Photo of Jenny White Kuliesis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arlington, MA
Jenny White Kuliesis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02476  (Online Only)
As your collaborator, my focus is on your strengths, your challenges, and your goals. You may feel stuck and not sure how you'll navigate a transition such as the death of a loved one, the end of a relationship, an alarming diagnosis, or a career disruption. Together, we will work to move away from negative patterns that limit your growth and move towards greater self-compassion. My job is to create a place where you can express your full range of emotions in every session. While tears in therapy may be expected, do not discount the healing power of laughter.
As your collaborator, my focus is on your strengths, your challenges, and your goals. You may feel stuck and not sure how you'll navigate a transition such as the death of a loved one, the end of a relationship, an alarming diagnosis, or a career disruption. Together, we will work to move away from negative patterns that limit your growth and move towards greater self-compassion. My job is to create a place where you can express your full range of emotions in every session. While tears in therapy may be expected, do not discount the healing power of laughter.
(339) 215-3466 View (339) 215-3466
Photo of Janet Zimmern, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arlington, MA
Janet Zimmern
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02474
A safe, empathic therapeutic space for clients to make meaningful changes in their lives," "I help clients make meaningful and necessary changes for overall increased life satisfaction. I do this by providing a safe, non threatening and supportive setting for clients to "do their work" and create a therapeutic space where humor is allowed. If appropriate, a client's sense of their own spirituality is acknowledged and integrated as a resource of empowerment, to sort through feelings, thoughts and behaviors that either help or hinder them in achieving identified goals.
A safe, empathic therapeutic space for clients to make meaningful changes in their lives," "I help clients make meaningful and necessary changes for overall increased life satisfaction. I do this by providing a safe, non threatening and supportive setting for clients to "do their work" and create a therapeutic space where humor is allowed. If appropriate, a client's sense of their own spirituality is acknowledged and integrated as a resource of empowerment, to sort through feelings, thoughts and behaviors that either help or hinder them in achieving identified goals.
View
Photo of Yvonne Christina Castaneda, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arlington, MA
Yvonne Christina Castaneda
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MSW, CLC
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02476
Waitlist for new clients
I won't know on day one what method of treatment works best for you, because people reveal themselves over time, and at their own pace. My holistic, culturally sensitive approach is rooted in respect, truth and compassion. I respect the unique way in which you show up in the world. I believe there is power in discovering your truth, and I will always show you compassion. I incorporate my knowledge of the human body that I gained through professional experience in the fitness/yoga industry to help you better understand the connection between the mind, the body and the spirit.
I won't know on day one what method of treatment works best for you, because people reveal themselves over time, and at their own pace. My holistic, culturally sensitive approach is rooted in respect, truth and compassion. I respect the unique way in which you show up in the world. I believe there is power in discovering your truth, and I will always show you compassion. I incorporate my knowledge of the human body that I gained through professional experience in the fitness/yoga industry to help you better understand the connection between the mind, the body and the spirit.
(781) 208-5419 View (781) 208-5419
Photo of Carmen Dominguez in Arlington, MA
Carmen Dominguez
LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02474
Who are you really? This is a question I ask my clients. I have been a psychotherapist and consultant for over 30 years. I draw on my innate intuitive abilities as well as my traditional clinical training to bring healing and transformation to my clients. My family systems background allows me to see the individual as a multifaceted system. What we perceive as a “problem” often reflects how we have adapted to the stress and trauma that we may have endured. Our perceived problems, such as addiction to substances, and other self- defeating patterns become encoded within our whole system, and ultimately distort our true essence.
Who are you really? This is a question I ask my clients. I have been a psychotherapist and consultant for over 30 years. I draw on my innate intuitive abilities as well as my traditional clinical training to bring healing and transformation to my clients. My family systems background allows me to see the individual as a multifaceted system. What we perceive as a “problem” often reflects how we have adapted to the stress and trauma that we may have endured. Our perceived problems, such as addiction to substances, and other self- defeating patterns become encoded within our whole system, and ultimately distort our true essence.
(339) 218-3561 View (339) 218-3561

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Arlington, MA

400+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Arlington, MA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
67% Coping Skills
66% Trauma and PTSD
64% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% BlueCross and BlueShield
51% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
50% Optum

How Therapists in Arlington, MA see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Arlington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.