Therapists in Portsmouth, NH

Photo of Eileen Sutherland in Portsmouth, NH
Eileen Sutherland
MSW, MBA
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
I work with WOMEN seeking support around a variety of issues - self-esteem, relationships, life transitions, work, parenting, and more. My approach is positive, strengths-based, and solution-focused. I firmly believe that in every person and situation, there is hope. When you are ready, I will gently help you move from where you are to where you want to be.
I work with WOMEN seeking support around a variety of issues - self-esteem, relationships, life transitions, work, parenting, and more. My approach is positive, strengths-based, and solution-focused. I firmly believe that in every person and situation, there is hope. When you are ready, I will gently help you move from where you are to where you want to be.
(603) 686-7762 View (603) 686-7762
Photo of Silver Linings Counseling LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portsmouth, NH
Silver Linings Counseling LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MLADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portsmouth, NH 03801  (Online Only)
I personally want to welcome you in taking the first steps to bettering your life and well being! My goal in therapy is to help and assist being the best YOU—whatever that means. Therapy requires you to give and take, and the more you are open and honest about your strengths, as well as your struggles, the more meaningful the process will be. My goal is for you to not only feel a reduction of negative thoughts, feelings, and behaviors; but to also find the “silver linings”, the little moments of comfort and hope throughout your therapeutic experience!
I personally want to welcome you in taking the first steps to bettering your life and well being! My goal in therapy is to help and assist being the best YOU—whatever that means. Therapy requires you to give and take, and the more you are open and honest about your strengths, as well as your struggles, the more meaningful the process will be. My goal is for you to not only feel a reduction of negative thoughts, feelings, and behaviors; but to also find the “silver linings”, the little moments of comfort and hope throughout your therapeutic experience!
(603) 803-6187 View (603) 803-6187
Photo of Amanda Rose Hitchings, Psychologist in Portsmouth, NH
Amanda Rose Hitchings
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801  (Online Only)
I am Rose, a licensed clinical psychologist specializing in women's health and gender affirming care. Additionally I am a doula with specific training in Birth Story Listening. My small telemedicine practice services NH, VT, and UT. My therapy style integrates modern CBT and positive psychology approaches. Together we explore the relationship between our mental health and physical health and the ways they affect each other. New meaning and acceptance will arise. My heart is in the creative consultation practice, exploring the unique way we can foster resiliency throughout our development.
I am Rose, a licensed clinical psychologist specializing in women's health and gender affirming care. Additionally I am a doula with specific training in Birth Story Listening. My small telemedicine practice services NH, VT, and UT. My therapy style integrates modern CBT and positive psychology approaches. Together we explore the relationship between our mental health and physical health and the ways they affect each other. New meaning and acceptance will arise. My heart is in the creative consultation practice, exploring the unique way we can foster resiliency throughout our development.
(603) 945-5925 View (603) 945-5925
Photo of Teresa Johnson, Psychologist in Portsmouth, NH
Teresa Johnson
Psychologist, PhD, CST, ABS, BCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Portsmouth, NH 03801  (Online Only)
Are you looking for a path toward more fulfillment personally and in your relationships? Engaging in a rich and meaningful life requires knowing ourselves deeply and acting on intentional choices guided by our core values, feelings, and desires. Our relationships can become more intimate as we develop both clarity about our needs and courage to be vulnerable with those we trust to meet us on this level. I love supporting women in deepening the capacity for presence, emotional intimacy, and pleasure through mindfulness, self-compassion, and self-acceptance.
Are you looking for a path toward more fulfillment personally and in your relationships? Engaging in a rich and meaningful life requires knowing ourselves deeply and acting on intentional choices guided by our core values, feelings, and desires. Our relationships can become more intimate as we develop both clarity about our needs and courage to be vulnerable with those we trust to meet us on this level. I love supporting women in deepening the capacity for presence, emotional intimacy, and pleasure through mindfulness, self-compassion, and self-acceptance.
(603) 865-1934 View (603) 865-1934
Photo of Lesley White, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portsmouth, NH
Lesley White
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
As a clinical social worker, my goal is to provide a safe and trusting environment where you feel understood. My approach to therapy is centered around identifying your needs, honoring your feelings, and building on your strengths. I currently offer individual therapy to adults treating depression, anxiety, adjustment to life changes, relationship issues, and women’s issues.
As a clinical social worker, my goal is to provide a safe and trusting environment where you feel understood. My approach to therapy is centered around identifying your needs, honoring your feelings, and building on your strengths. I currently offer individual therapy to adults treating depression, anxiety, adjustment to life changes, relationship issues, and women’s issues.
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Photo of Laura M Connor, Psychologist in Portsmouth, NH
Laura M Connor
Psychologist, EdD, PCC
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
Waitlist for new clients
Hi and Welcome! Should you choose to work with me, therapy will provide you a place that is open, accepting, and caring, where you can share your concerns - at your pace. We will focus on your strengths, goals, and the things you hope to change. My style is collaborative and empowering; and with decades of experience I can incorporate a range of approaches and interventions, depending on what makes sense for you as an individual. At times I have a waiting-list that I actively manage. Openings come up, so feel free to leave a message and I'll reply promptly. Thank you!
Hi and Welcome! Should you choose to work with me, therapy will provide you a place that is open, accepting, and caring, where you can share your concerns - at your pace. We will focus on your strengths, goals, and the things you hope to change. My style is collaborative and empowering; and with decades of experience I can incorporate a range of approaches and interventions, depending on what makes sense for you as an individual. At times I have a waiting-list that I actively manage. Openings come up, so feel free to leave a message and I'll reply promptly. Thank you!
(603) 277-0277 View (603) 277-0277
Photo of Clare Righini, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portsmouth, NH
Clare Righini
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801  (Online Only)
Everything changes, but the feeling of change. It can be hard to find the way on your own. Everyone can use a little extra support now and then. Especially if you have recently gone through a significant change in your life or you are anticipating one. By successfully working through these changes, you will not only find your way, but you will gain coping skills for future change.
Everything changes, but the feeling of change. It can be hard to find the way on your own. Everyone can use a little extra support now and then. Especially if you have recently gone through a significant change in your life or you are anticipating one. By successfully working through these changes, you will not only find your way, but you will gain coping skills for future change.
(207) 560-0152 View (207) 560-0152
Photo of Dr. Rachel L. Orr, Psychologist in Portsmouth, NH
Dr. Rachel L. Orr
Psychologist, PsyD, ABPP-CN
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
Many individuals who experience medical events need clarity about how they have been impacted and what it means for their future. Some individuals and families also want clarity about whether there is an underlying developmental, cognitive, or psychiatric condition affecting functioning. Through neuropsychological evaluations, I help provide a picture of current functioning, as well as help explain how this relates to brain functions. Evaluations are designed to answer specific referral questions and, where needed, to provide useful conclusions and recommendations for next steps.
Many individuals who experience medical events need clarity about how they have been impacted and what it means for their future. Some individuals and families also want clarity about whether there is an underlying developmental, cognitive, or psychiatric condition affecting functioning. Through neuropsychological evaluations, I help provide a picture of current functioning, as well as help explain how this relates to brain functions. Evaluations are designed to answer specific referral questions and, where needed, to provide useful conclusions and recommendations for next steps.
(603) 803-6627 View (603) 803-6627
Photo of Sandra Yarne, Psychologist in Portsmouth, NH
Sandra Yarne
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
I work best with individuals who prefer a therapist to be interactive and collaborative. I strive to support you emotionally and challenge you to experiment with new ways of thinking and behaving which increase happiness and life satisfaction. The nature of your presenting problem can vary from a recent disruption in a significant relationship to life-long difficulties with anxiety, depression, mood swings or childhood trauma. All these problems can be helped with self understanding and acceptance along with specific behavioral interventions to ease your pain and suffering.
I work best with individuals who prefer a therapist to be interactive and collaborative. I strive to support you emotionally and challenge you to experiment with new ways of thinking and behaving which increase happiness and life satisfaction. The nature of your presenting problem can vary from a recent disruption in a significant relationship to life-long difficulties with anxiety, depression, mood swings or childhood trauma. All these problems can be helped with self understanding and acceptance along with specific behavioral interventions to ease your pain and suffering.
(603) 685-3062 View (603) 685-3062
Photo of Charles Schindler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portsmouth, NH
Charles Schindler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Portsmouth, NH 03801
Charles Schindler is a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker. He graduated from the University of Maine with a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Psychology and a Bachelor of Science Degree in Child and Family Relationships. He earned a Masters Degree in Clinical Social Work with a focus on Trauma Recovery from Boston University. Charles has worked in the field of mental health since 2008, first treating teens and then focusing on treating adults with varying mental health diagnoses. Charles worked at The Mental Health Center of Greater Manchester for 7 years as a Psychotherapist.
Charles Schindler is a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker. He graduated from the University of Maine with a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Psychology and a Bachelor of Science Degree in Child and Family Relationships. He earned a Masters Degree in Clinical Social Work with a focus on Trauma Recovery from Boston University. Charles has worked in the field of mental health since 2008, first treating teens and then focusing on treating adults with varying mental health diagnoses. Charles worked at The Mental Health Center of Greater Manchester for 7 years as a Psychotherapist.
(603) 657-5141 View (603) 657-5141
Photo of Tracie Warner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portsmouth, NH
Tracie Warner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801  (Online Only)
My practice is currently full, but I'm happy to provide approximate wait time on openings. I have deep appreciation for the strength it takes to reach out for support when life becomes overwhelming, stressful or we find ourselves stuck. Recognizing that we might be in need of support can be difficult, I see it as a bold and courageous endeavor that can lead to a happier and more enriched life. I utilize an eclectic approach in my practice to support my clients with managing a variety of mental health issues, to assist in finding symptom relief, to work towards achieving improved relationships and overall increased life satisfaction.
My practice is currently full, but I'm happy to provide approximate wait time on openings. I have deep appreciation for the strength it takes to reach out for support when life becomes overwhelming, stressful or we find ourselves stuck. Recognizing that we might be in need of support can be difficult, I see it as a bold and courageous endeavor that can lead to a happier and more enriched life. I utilize an eclectic approach in my practice to support my clients with managing a variety of mental health issues, to assist in finding symptom relief, to work towards achieving improved relationships and overall increased life satisfaction.
(603) 392-7907 View (603) 392-7907
Photo of Kimberly Meurillon, Counselor in Portsmouth, NH
Kimberly Meurillon
Counselor, LCMHC, PMH-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portsmouth, NH 03801
I'm passionate about working with individuals navigating depression, anxiety, mania, and perinatal mental health concerns. Engaging in therapy can be particularly meaningful when experiencing interpersonal conflicts and going through major life events: such as the onset of a mood disorder, preparing for life after high school and college, moving to a new community, adjusting to early parenthood, or coping with pregnancy loss.
I'm passionate about working with individuals navigating depression, anxiety, mania, and perinatal mental health concerns. Engaging in therapy can be particularly meaningful when experiencing interpersonal conflicts and going through major life events: such as the onset of a mood disorder, preparing for life after high school and college, moving to a new community, adjusting to early parenthood, or coping with pregnancy loss.
(603) 691-3745 View (603) 691-3745
Photo of Sheila Jenkins, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Portsmouth, NH
Sheila Jenkins
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MS, MLADC
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03802
I provide counseling to individuals on a variety of issues including depression/anxiety,anger management, substance abuse, addiction, compulsive behaviors,and stress management. Counseling sessions are tailored to your goals: either short-term, focusing on a specific issue, or longer-term, addressing ongoing personal growth. If you are looking for ways to gain a better understanding of yourself, change old behavior patterns, learn new ways to cope with stress then counseling can help you. What you can expect from counseling is compassion, and understanding, new perspectives on negative feelings and behaviors, and strategies for creating positive changes in your life.
I provide counseling to individuals on a variety of issues including depression/anxiety,anger management, substance abuse, addiction, compulsive behaviors,and stress management. Counseling sessions are tailored to your goals: either short-term, focusing on a specific issue, or longer-term, addressing ongoing personal growth. If you are looking for ways to gain a better understanding of yourself, change old behavior patterns, learn new ways to cope with stress then counseling can help you. What you can expect from counseling is compassion, and understanding, new perspectives on negative feelings and behaviors, and strategies for creating positive changes in your life.
(603) 244-3939 View (603) 244-3939
Photo of Marissa Knowles, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portsmouth, NH
Marissa Knowles
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801  (Online Only)
Welcome! Have you noticed more feelings of sadness or irritability, worry about your future, or trouble keeping up with the demands of everyday life? Are you struggling with the stress and uncertainty you've experienced over the past few years? I would be honored to help support you through this period in your life, while offering a safe space to process your concerns and encourage emotional growth and healing. I have a special interest in working with marginalized and diverse populations, including those in the LGBTQIA+ community. I believe every client has inherent strengths and the ability to find peace and joy in their lives.
Welcome! Have you noticed more feelings of sadness or irritability, worry about your future, or trouble keeping up with the demands of everyday life? Are you struggling with the stress and uncertainty you've experienced over the past few years? I would be honored to help support you through this period in your life, while offering a safe space to process your concerns and encourage emotional growth and healing. I have a special interest in working with marginalized and diverse populations, including those in the LGBTQIA+ community. I believe every client has inherent strengths and the ability to find peace and joy in their lives.
(603) 272-6726 View (603) 272-6726
Photo of Wendy Quinn, Psychologist in Portsmouth, NH
Wendy Quinn
Psychologist, PsyD, LADC, ADTR
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
During this medical crisis, Dr. Quinn is providing TelePsychology through a secure web portal. With thirty-five years of experience in the field of mental health, Dr. Quinn specializes in the effective treatment of eating disorders, addictions & trauma through individual, couples & family therapy for adults, children and adolescents. In treating clients with eating disorders, Dr. Quinn works closely with families, primary care physicians, psychiatrists and inpatient facilities to coordinate treatment. Dr. Quinn also incorporates expressive therapies (art & movement) with verbal therapy to access inner pain and promote deep healing.
During this medical crisis, Dr. Quinn is providing TelePsychology through a secure web portal. With thirty-five years of experience in the field of mental health, Dr. Quinn specializes in the effective treatment of eating disorders, addictions & trauma through individual, couples & family therapy for adults, children and adolescents. In treating clients with eating disorders, Dr. Quinn works closely with families, primary care physicians, psychiatrists and inpatient facilities to coordinate treatment. Dr. Quinn also incorporates expressive therapies (art & movement) with verbal therapy to access inner pain and promote deep healing.
(603) 685-3145 View (603) 685-3145
Photo of Anita Remig, Psychologist in Portsmouth, NH
Anita Remig
Psychologist, EdD
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Psychotherapy supports personal growth and emotional strength; it helps people solve problems and it builds motivation to get life-work done. I meet each person at their unique place on life's journey to discover how they want to grow. I support and promote growth. My specialty is psychotherapy with all adults. I work with people who have depression, bipolar, anxiety, insomnia, ADHD, PTSD, Eating Disorders. I have skills helping those with emotional problems, family conflict and relationship stress. A trusting relationship with a psychologist can help you know yourself better, set goals and create change. No Advantage Plans.
Psychotherapy supports personal growth and emotional strength; it helps people solve problems and it builds motivation to get life-work done. I meet each person at their unique place on life's journey to discover how they want to grow. I support and promote growth. My specialty is psychotherapy with all adults. I work with people who have depression, bipolar, anxiety, insomnia, ADHD, PTSD, Eating Disorders. I have skills helping those with emotional problems, family conflict and relationship stress. A trusting relationship with a psychologist can help you know yourself better, set goals and create change. No Advantage Plans.
(603) 605-1249 View (603) 605-1249
Photo of Anath Golomb, Psychologist in Portsmouth, NH
Anath Golomb
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
I enjoy helping people improve their experience of family life. Many people have difficult relations with parents, partners or children. My training helps me understand challenges families face as children develop and marriages unfold through positive and painful surprises. Sometimes family members must weigh personal needs against the wishes of those they love. I also focus on core difficulties that interfere with school or work, including interpersonal conflict, anxiety, and uncertainty about professional choices.
I enjoy helping people improve their experience of family life. Many people have difficult relations with parents, partners or children. My training helps me understand challenges families face as children develop and marriages unfold through positive and painful surprises. Sometimes family members must weigh personal needs against the wishes of those they love. I also focus on core difficulties that interfere with school or work, including interpersonal conflict, anxiety, and uncertainty about professional choices.
(603) 967-4961 View (603) 967-4961
Photo of Tracy Hutch, Counselor in Portsmouth, NH
Tracy Hutch
Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
Does anxiety, depression, fear or anger get in the way of you having the type of life that you want? Do you find yourself wanting to move forward in your life, but your not sure what steps to take. It would be my pleasure to help you to make positive changes in your life that will lead to you feeling more fulfilled.
Does anxiety, depression, fear or anger get in the way of you having the type of life that you want? Do you find yourself wanting to move forward in your life, but your not sure what steps to take. It would be my pleasure to help you to make positive changes in your life that will lead to you feeling more fulfilled.
(603) 697-7279 View (603) 697-7279
Photo of Alan Nemetz, Psychologist in Portsmouth, NH
Alan Nemetz
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
It is a privilege to introduce myself to you. I am a Licensed Psychologist located in Portsmouth, New Hampshire with more than 30 years of clinical experience in private practice, outpatient clinic, and inpatient settings. My clinical interests include mind-body medicine, health psychology, and optimal performance. I would describe myself as compassionate and thoughtful, with a good sense of humor.
It is a privilege to introduce myself to you. I am a Licensed Psychologist located in Portsmouth, New Hampshire with more than 30 years of clinical experience in private practice, outpatient clinic, and inpatient settings. My clinical interests include mind-body medicine, health psychology, and optimal performance. I would describe myself as compassionate and thoughtful, with a good sense of humor.
(603) 502-1217 View (603) 502-1217
Photo of Judith Hatch-Orme, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portsmouth, NH
Judith Hatch-Orme
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801  (Online Only)
I offer consulting for parents to learn collaborative parenting (married or divorced). With over 37 years of clinical experience, I'm also a parenting specialist, helping parents to understand their children's behavior & needs. As a divorce mediator, my approach is child-centered. As parents struggle to meet their children's needs at a time of heightened tension, they need support and guidance. They must navigate a difficult grieving process, while they learn to transform their relationship from marital partners to business partners, sharing the "business" of raising their children together to ensure everyone thrives.
I offer consulting for parents to learn collaborative parenting (married or divorced). With over 37 years of clinical experience, I'm also a parenting specialist, helping parents to understand their children's behavior & needs. As a divorce mediator, my approach is child-centered. As parents struggle to meet their children's needs at a time of heightened tension, they need support and guidance. They must navigate a difficult grieving process, while they learn to transform their relationship from marital partners to business partners, sharing the "business" of raising their children together to ensure everyone thrives.
(603) 801-6382 View (603) 801-6382

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Portsmouth, NH

300+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Portsmouth, NH who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
85% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
69% Coping Skills
65% Stress
63% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

64% BlueCross and BlueShield
60% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
58% Anthem | Elevance

How Therapists in Portsmouth, NH see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Portsmouth?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.