Photo of Helen R Friedman, PhD, Psychologist
Helen R Friedman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63130  (Online Only)
Dr. Helen Friedman is a compassionate and interactive clinical psychologist with 10 years of additional formal training after her Ph.D. and 41 years in practice. She works with anxiety, stress, depression, grief, divorce, sexual and relationship issues. Specialty areas are child sexual abuse (children, adults, victims and perpetrators), compulsive sexual behavior (including porn addiction and partners), dissociative identity disorder, and gender identity. Trained in a variety of therapeutic modalities (family systems, psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, gestalt, etc.), she tailors her approach to the individual, couple, or family.
Dr. Helen Friedman is a compassionate and interactive clinical psychologist with 10 years of additional formal training after her Ph.D. and 41 years in practice. She works with anxiety, stress, depression, grief, divorce, sexual and relationship issues. Specialty areas are child sexual abuse (children, adults, victims and perpetrators), compulsive sexual behavior (including porn addiction and partners), dissociative identity disorder, and gender identity. Trained in a variety of therapeutic modalities (family systems, psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, gestalt, etc.), she tailors her approach to the individual, couple, or family.
(314) 781-4500 View (314) 781-4500
Photo of Danielle Endejan, MA, NCC, PLPC, CRAADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Danielle Endejan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, PLPC, CRAADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63130
I look forward to meeting you! I was born and raised in St. Louis, & obtained my undergraduate degree with honors in Counseling and Education followed by a Master of Arts in Counseling for Licensure in Professional Counseling from MBU. I utilize empirically proven interventions (such as Motivational Interviewing, CBT, DBT) interwoven with compassionate wisdom for the therapeutic goal of coming alongside you in your unique journey and extending the opportunity and hope for healing & growth through the situation you find yourself in. My desire is to provide an authentic and compassionate environment that fosters continuous healing.
I look forward to meeting you! I was born and raised in St. Louis, & obtained my undergraduate degree with honors in Counseling and Education followed by a Master of Arts in Counseling for Licensure in Professional Counseling from MBU. I utilize empirically proven interventions (such as Motivational Interviewing, CBT, DBT) interwoven with compassionate wisdom for the therapeutic goal of coming alongside you in your unique journey and extending the opportunity and hope for healing & growth through the situation you find yourself in. My desire is to provide an authentic and compassionate environment that fosters continuous healing.
(314) 470-9169 View (314) 470-9169
Photo of Megan Robb, LPC, ATR-BC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Megan Robb
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ATR-BC, NCC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63130
Hi, I'm Megan and I use she/her pronouns. I have 20 years experience working alongside people as they strengthen their inner knowledge and outward interactions. Therapy can bridge the gap between where you are and where you want to be. I think a lot about the brain and how we unconsciously replicate patterns. The work I do uses current brain-based therapy approaches to help integrate outdated patterns into newer, more helpful ones.
Hi, I'm Megan and I use she/her pronouns. I have 20 years experience working alongside people as they strengthen their inner knowledge and outward interactions. Therapy can bridge the gap between where you are and where you want to be. I think a lot about the brain and how we unconsciously replicate patterns. The work I do uses current brain-based therapy approaches to help integrate outdated patterns into newer, more helpful ones.
(314) 970-5890 View (314) 970-5890
Photo of Hannah Campbell, MA, LMFT, LPCC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Hannah Campbell
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63130
I'm glad you're here: you have taken a courageous and healing step by seeking support. I provide an integrative, resiliency-focused approach to therapy, pulling from your strengths and values to guide our work and help you regain a sense of mastery, meaning, and connection in your life. My perspective is that we are built to survive and often develop ways of relating which once helped us get by, but may no longer be helpful to a current situation. My goal is to form a safe connection to explore these factors that may contribute to ongoing difficulties, re-process experiences, and ultimately co-create your next chapter.
I'm glad you're here: you have taken a courageous and healing step by seeking support. I provide an integrative, resiliency-focused approach to therapy, pulling from your strengths and values to guide our work and help you regain a sense of mastery, meaning, and connection in your life. My perspective is that we are built to survive and often develop ways of relating which once helped us get by, but may no longer be helpful to a current situation. My goal is to form a safe connection to explore these factors that may contribute to ongoing difficulties, re-process experiences, and ultimately co-create your next chapter.
(314) 675-7902 View (314) 675-7902
Photo of Janis Miller, Licensed Professional Counselor
Janis Miller
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
University City, MO 63130  (Online Only)
Do you ever feel so overwhelmed with your life and circumstances that you feel anxious or depressed? Or have you experienced something in your life that you cannot get over or get through and it is still affecting you and the way you want to live? I can help. I work with adults and young adults struggling with finding meaning in life, trying to have a work/ life balance, and who suffer from anxiety and depression that interferes with living a full and contented life. Life can be challenging and sometimes you need someone objective to talk to.
Do you ever feel so overwhelmed with your life and circumstances that you feel anxious or depressed? Or have you experienced something in your life that you cannot get over or get through and it is still affecting you and the way you want to live? I can help. I work with adults and young adults struggling with finding meaning in life, trying to have a work/ life balance, and who suffer from anxiety and depression that interferes with living a full and contented life. Life can be challenging and sometimes you need someone objective to talk to.
(866) 738-3081 View (866) 738-3081
Photo of Steven Mishkin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Steven Mishkin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
University City, MO 63130  (Online Only)
I enjoy working with adolescents and adults struggling with depression and anxiety stemming from life transitions, crisis, and unexpected life events. I also have experience helping people and their families cope with medical illness and communicate with doctors to achieve good medical care. I have experience in providing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Solution-Focused Therapy, and Gestalt Therapy. I also provide Supportive and Crisis Counseling, and Motivational Interviewing when needed to help clients in their efforts to better their lives.
I enjoy working with adolescents and adults struggling with depression and anxiety stemming from life transitions, crisis, and unexpected life events. I also have experience helping people and their families cope with medical illness and communicate with doctors to achieve good medical care. I have experience in providing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Solution-Focused Therapy, and Gestalt Therapy. I also provide Supportive and Crisis Counseling, and Motivational Interviewing when needed to help clients in their efforts to better their lives.
(866) 738-3081 View (866) 738-3081
Photo of Jennifer Wotka, LCSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer Wotka
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63130  (Online Only)
Are you ready for something different and looking for someone that truly listens and provides a space for you to be yourself without fear of judgement? The foundations of my therapeutic approach are compassion, empathy, and trust. Seeking help for your mental health takes courage, especially when you are struggling. I work collaboratively with clients and utilize a strengths-based approach to help them address their mental health needs, work towards their goals, and live a more fulfilling, meaningful life. Working together, we will explore your unique circumstances to help you make the changes you are seeking.
Are you ready for something different and looking for someone that truly listens and provides a space for you to be yourself without fear of judgement? The foundations of my therapeutic approach are compassion, empathy, and trust. Seeking help for your mental health takes courage, especially when you are struggling. I work collaboratively with clients and utilize a strengths-based approach to help them address their mental health needs, work towards their goals, and live a more fulfilling, meaningful life. Working together, we will explore your unique circumstances to help you make the changes you are seeking.
(314) 526-3583 View (314) 526-3583
Photo of Katrina Kanwischer, Marriage & Family Therapist
Katrina Kanwischer
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
University City, MO 63130  (Online Only)
As a marriage and family therapist, I empower individuals and couples to overcome hurdles and difficulties to improve their relationships and develop a deeper understanding of themselves. As a therapist I am collaborative, laid back, and yet direct when needed. Your relationship with your therapist should feel supportive and safe. I strive to offer that to each individual I see. Although I work with all individuals, I find my niche to be teenagers, adults and couples that are primarily dealing with anxiety, depression, trauma, infertility, and family of origin difficulties. I welcome and work with all individuals regardless of race
As a marriage and family therapist, I empower individuals and couples to overcome hurdles and difficulties to improve their relationships and develop a deeper understanding of themselves. As a therapist I am collaborative, laid back, and yet direct when needed. Your relationship with your therapist should feel supportive and safe. I strive to offer that to each individual I see. Although I work with all individuals, I find my niche to be teenagers, adults and couples that are primarily dealing with anxiety, depression, trauma, infertility, and family of origin difficulties. I welcome and work with all individuals regardless of race
(866) 738-3081 View (866) 738-3081
Christina Sharp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
University City, MO 63130  (Online Only)
Trauma work and women's empowerment are my passion. I like to focus on identifying your strengths and helping you to maximize them to overcome your obstacles. I'm here to help you sort through the things that are difficult right now and offer you a safe place to be open and honest without fear of judgment. I do hold to the thought that your life is an adventure and this is your therapy so the work must by done by you, but I am here to help guide you through the adventure. Other areas of passion for me are wellbeing, mindfulness, and self-care.
Trauma work and women's empowerment are my passion. I like to focus on identifying your strengths and helping you to maximize them to overcome your obstacles. I'm here to help you sort through the things that are difficult right now and offer you a safe place to be open and honest without fear of judgment. I do hold to the thought that your life is an adventure and this is your therapy so the work must by done by you, but I am here to help guide you through the adventure. Other areas of passion for me are wellbeing, mindfulness, and self-care.
(866) 738-3081 View (866) 738-3081
Photo of Travis Wood Munnerlyn, PsyD, Psychologist
Travis Wood Munnerlyn
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
I am a licensed psychologist offering online therapy in 39 states. I am an integrative psychotherapist and bring curiosity, warmth, compassion, and a sense of humor to the therapeutic relationship. I consider societal and cultural influences while helping clients to explore their relationship/intimacy issues, sexuality, identity, struggles with depression, anxiety, trauma, and other mental health concerns. I take a sex positive approach and am attuned to the needs of poly, non-monogamous, open, kink, and BDSM clients. I find Clients do best when they understand the science associated with their struggles and mental health.
I am a licensed psychologist offering online therapy in 39 states. I am an integrative psychotherapist and bring curiosity, warmth, compassion, and a sense of humor to the therapeutic relationship. I consider societal and cultural influences while helping clients to explore their relationship/intimacy issues, sexuality, identity, struggles with depression, anxiety, trauma, and other mental health concerns. I take a sex positive approach and am attuned to the needs of poly, non-monogamous, open, kink, and BDSM clients. I find Clients do best when they understand the science associated with their struggles and mental health.
(314) 947-5011 View (314) 947-5011
Photo of Devora Tulcensky, PhD, Psychologist
Devora Tulcensky
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63130
As a psychologist, my approach is based on the simple premise that change and growth through psychotherapy depends upon a trusting relationship between client and psychotherapist. As that trust deepens, so does one's ability to articulate what has not yet been been articulated, to make connections that have not yet been made, and to be aware of greater subtleties in one's internal emotional states. This newly felt understanding, in an emotionally sensitive and supportive context is what leads to change. In this way, change may be seen to occur as an outcome of emotional growth, rather than primarily effortful behavior.
As a psychologist, my approach is based on the simple premise that change and growth through psychotherapy depends upon a trusting relationship between client and psychotherapist. As that trust deepens, so does one's ability to articulate what has not yet been been articulated, to make connections that have not yet been made, and to be aware of greater subtleties in one's internal emotional states. This newly felt understanding, in an emotionally sensitive and supportive context is what leads to change. In this way, change may be seen to occur as an outcome of emotional growth, rather than primarily effortful behavior.
(314) 266-5513 View (314) 266-5513
Photo of Jessica Rae Bryant, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jessica Rae Bryant
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
One of my greatest joys is helping people from all walks of life, including couples, teens, young adults and families. My heart is to help each client understand themselves, their environment, as well as their relationships, in addition to the past and present, which sets the stage for fostering positive experiences and embracing new possibilities. I take a “down to earth” holistic person-centered approach to counseling, tailoring each client’s therapy with a unique mix of clinical theory and spiritual truth at the client’s pace. Psychoeducation and Bibliotherapy are integral to my approach, ensuring care for the spirit and soul!
One of my greatest joys is helping people from all walks of life, including couples, teens, young adults and families. My heart is to help each client understand themselves, their environment, as well as their relationships, in addition to the past and present, which sets the stage for fostering positive experiences and embracing new possibilities. I take a “down to earth” holistic person-centered approach to counseling, tailoring each client’s therapy with a unique mix of clinical theory and spiritual truth at the client’s pace. Psychoeducation and Bibliotherapy are integral to my approach, ensuring care for the spirit and soul!
(314) 804-0996 View (314) 804-0996
Photo of Arie Baker, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Arie Baker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Arie Baker utilizes a non-judgmental and empowering approach that helps clients build skills and recognize their internal strengths. She provides a warm and welcoming environment to process your experiences and life's difficulties.
Arie Baker utilizes a non-judgmental and empowering approach that helps clients build skills and recognize their internal strengths. She provides a warm and welcoming environment to process your experiences and life's difficulties.
(314) 310-6105 View (314) 310-6105
Photo of Susanna Prins, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Susanna Prins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63130  (Online Only)
You’ve been through things that haunt you and pull you back into your past. Perhaps you’re worried if you face them they will overwhelm you. This paralyzes you or creates anxiety. Or maybe you push down your feelings and try to live the life you want but keep ending up with people who hurt you. You want to break out of the cycle, but you’re not sure where to start. You need hope for recovery from shame and trauma. You need someone to help you to the next part of your story - a warm space to be yourself and not feel judged. A place to ask big questions, to grieve what’s been lost and to hope for what’s next.
You’ve been through things that haunt you and pull you back into your past. Perhaps you’re worried if you face them they will overwhelm you. This paralyzes you or creates anxiety. Or maybe you push down your feelings and try to live the life you want but keep ending up with people who hurt you. You want to break out of the cycle, but you’re not sure where to start. You need hope for recovery from shame and trauma. You need someone to help you to the next part of your story - a warm space to be yourself and not feel judged. A place to ask big questions, to grieve what’s been lost and to hope for what’s next.
(314) 470-9401 View (314) 470-9401
The Art and Play Therapy Center
Counselor, LPC, , ATR, BC
Verified Verified
Jane has extensive experience in working with children and families of all ages. She specializes in working with Autistic spectrum, ADHD, trauma and sensory interventions. She uses art and play therapy as well as sand tray and experiential play to address the difficulties of learning and growing.
Jane has extensive experience in working with children and families of all ages. She specializes in working with Autistic spectrum, ADHD, trauma and sensory interventions. She uses art and play therapy as well as sand tray and experiential play to address the difficulties of learning and growing.
(314) 916-4797 View (314) 916-4797
Photo of Leslie Lloyd, Licensed Professional Counselor
Leslie Lloyd
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
University City, MO 63130  (Online Only)
I am a fully Licensed Professional Counselor in 5 states. I hold a Masters in Clinical Counseling and a double emphasis in both Marriage, Couple, and Family and in Child and Adolescent Mental Health. I am also a Registered Play Therapist and Certified Trauma Professional. I specialize in those who struggle with depression, anxiety, relationship concerns, PTSD, family concerns, and much more. I also offer life coaching. If you are navigating these concerns I offer individualized treatment plans that are set around your goals.
I am a fully Licensed Professional Counselor in 5 states. I hold a Masters in Clinical Counseling and a double emphasis in both Marriage, Couple, and Family and in Child and Adolescent Mental Health. I am also a Registered Play Therapist and Certified Trauma Professional. I specialize in those who struggle with depression, anxiety, relationship concerns, PTSD, family concerns, and much more. I also offer life coaching. If you are navigating these concerns I offer individualized treatment plans that are set around your goals.
(866) 738-3081 View (866) 738-3081
Photo of Naaman L Lauderdale - First Choice Counseling Professional Corporation, PhD CES, ThD PSY, MAC, MA, LPCCS, Counselor
First Choice Counseling Professional Corporation
Counselor, PhD CES, ThD PSY, MAC, MA, LPCCS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
I hold two doctorates one in psychology and a master's degree in clinical mental health care, and professional counseling making me a highly qualified professional counselor, clinician, and therapist. Additionally, I am trained in Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR). My expertise lies in providing talk therapy to individuals of all ages, including adolescents, adults, seniors, families, and groups. To ensure the best outcomes for my clients, I utilize cognitive-behavioral therapy as an initial approach. This allows me to effectively address their specific situations and circumstances.
I hold two doctorates one in psychology and a master's degree in clinical mental health care, and professional counseling making me a highly qualified professional counselor, clinician, and therapist. Additionally, I am trained in Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR). My expertise lies in providing talk therapy to individuals of all ages, including adolescents, adults, seniors, families, and groups. To ensure the best outcomes for my clients, I utilize cognitive-behavioral therapy as an initial approach. This allows me to effectively address their specific situations and circumstances.
(314) 947-3660 View (314) 947-3660
Photo of Naaman L Lauderdale - First Choice Counseling Professional Corporation, ThD Psy, PhD CES, LPCCS, MAC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
First Choice Counseling Professional Corporation
Licensed Professional Counselor, ThD Psy, PhD CES, LPCCS, MAC, NCC
Verified Verified
Our patients are individuals, couples or groups who have been struggling with depression, anxiety, mood disorder and other behavioral challenges that have made ordinary day to day functioning impossible or extremely difficult. Through evidence-based clinical mental health therapy that includes EMDR, CBT, DBT, and SFBT, we assess, and diagnose individuals, couples and groups providing evidenced-based treatment plans.
Our patients are individuals, couples or groups who have been struggling with depression, anxiety, mood disorder and other behavioral challenges that have made ordinary day to day functioning impossible or extremely difficult. Through evidence-based clinical mental health therapy that includes EMDR, CBT, DBT, and SFBT, we assess, and diagnose individuals, couples and groups providing evidenced-based treatment plans.
(314) 310-5648 View (314) 310-5648
Photo of Julie B. Davis, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Julie B. Davis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63130  (Online Only)
Welcome! You may be seeking therapy for any number of reasons. Whether you’re feeling overwhelmed by daily stressors, feeling stuck in current patterns or struggling with internal thoughts and judgments, these challenges are often difficult to navigate on your own. I specialize in working with college-aged individuals and young adults on navigating anxiety, depression, life transitions and relationships. In our work together, we will tap into your strengths as you learn to recognize thought and behavioral patterns that contribute to recurrent issues in your life.
Welcome! You may be seeking therapy for any number of reasons. Whether you’re feeling overwhelmed by daily stressors, feeling stuck in current patterns or struggling with internal thoughts and judgments, these challenges are often difficult to navigate on your own. I specialize in working with college-aged individuals and young adults on navigating anxiety, depression, life transitions and relationships. In our work together, we will tap into your strengths as you learn to recognize thought and behavioral patterns that contribute to recurrent issues in your life.
(314) 626-8024 View (314) 626-8024
Photo of Amy Mattia, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Amy Mattia
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63130
Hello, I am passionate about working with people who are seeking to move from survival to flourishing. I see individuals, teens and couples. It is a gift to see healing happen and self worth bloom.
Hello, I am passionate about working with people who are seeking to move from survival to flourishing. I see individuals, teens and couples. It is a gift to see healing happen and self worth bloom.
(314) 732-1010 View (314) 732-1010

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 63130

100+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in 63130 who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
82% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
70% Trauma and PTSD
70% Self Esteem
68% Stress
67% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aetna
75% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
72% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 63130 see their clients

72% In Person and Online
28% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
18% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 63130?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.